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1.
东天山古生代板块构造特点及其演化模式 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
东天山的古板块构造格局主要由塔里木陆壳板块、西伯利亚陆壳板块和哈萨克斯坦洋壳板块在古生代的活动所奠定的。在古生代，东天山的板块构造格局主要表现为多列岛弧及其间弧间盆地和弧后盆地的形式。自北而南依次发育：博格达－哈尔里克泥盆－石炭纪岛弧，吐哈弧间盆地，觉罗塔格泥盆－石炭纪岛弧，吐哈弧间盆地，觉罗塔格泥盆－石炭纪岛弧，中天山志留－石炭纪岛弧，南天山－红柳河弧后盆地和北山陆缘裂谷带。其主要成因是由于准噶尔洋壳板块向塔里木陆壳板块下俯冲，俯冲带不断后退所形成的。奥陶纪中后期，中天山由塔里木北缘分出，形成具有古老陆块基底的类似于现今日本列岛的中天山岛弧。在其后形成南天山－红柳河弧后盆地和北山陆缘裂谷带。泥盆纪早期，俯冲带后退至觉罗塔格北侧形成觉罗塔格岛弧。泥盆纪晚期，俯冲带后退至博格达－哈尔里克北缘，形成博格达－哈尔里克岛弧。中石炭世至早二叠世，博格达同准噶尔陆块碰撞造山，哈尔里克同麦钦乌拉岛弧碰撞造山。与此同时，南天山－红柳河弧后盆地和北山裂谷带也相继闭合，而吐哈弧间盆地则成为未被消减完的弧间盆地残留下来。东天山古生代板块演化可与现今印度尼西亚地区的板块演化相类比。 相似文献
2.
东天山土屋—延东铜矿矿区晚志留世岩体的发现及构造意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
东天山大南湖-头苏泉岛弧带位于吐哈盆地南缘,是中亚造山带的重要组成部分,也是我国新疆地区最重要的成矿带之一,其形成时间和构造属性一直存在争议。本次研究首次在该岛弧带中最大的斑岩矿床土屋延东铜矿区发现了晚志留世花岗闪长岩,并对其进行详细的岩石学、年代学、全岩元素地球化学和Sr - Nd - Hf同位素分析,探讨其岩浆来源和构造背景。LA - ICP - MS锆石U - Pb定年结果显示,该岩体成岩年龄为420 Ma左右,为晚志留世岩浆活动的产物。全岩元素地球化学研究结果表明,花岗闪长岩显示准铝质到弱过铝质,中等镁值和钙碱性系列的地球化学特征;微量元素方面则富集轻稀土(LREE)元素、大离子亲石元素(LILE：Rb,Ba,K)和地球化学性质活泼的不相容元素(U,Th,Pb),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE：Nb,Ta,Ti)。这些主微量元素地球化学特征均显示出岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学属性,其εNd(t)值为4.05~4.07,87Sr/86Sr初始值为0.704 149~0.704 520,εHf(t)值为8.91~11.66。Sr - Nd - Hf同位素特征表明它们来源于新生地壳,没有受到明显的古老大陆地壳混染。晚志留世花岗闪长岩体的发现表明：大南湖-头苏泉岛弧带与其北部的哈尔里克岛弧带在早古生代可能属于同一大洋岛弧,并且与中部的卡拉塔格-小热泉子弧后(间)盆地构成统一的弧盆体系,该认识对解构东天山古生代弧盆体系演化具有较为重要的地质意义。 相似文献
3.
内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗早古生代辉长闪长岩年代学和地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
东乌旗乌拉盖地区出露一套早古生代辉长闪长岩,为兴蒙造山带北缘二连-东乌旗早古生代岩浆岩带的组成部分。对该岩体进行了锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素分析,探讨了岩石成因及其对兴蒙造山带北缘早古生代构造演化的启示。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年显示岩体年龄为499.6±1.2 Ma,为二连-东乌旗地区出露的最古老侵入体。岩体具有中等的Si O2含量(51.60%~54.28%),富铝,贫铁、镁,全碱及钾含量较低,属钙碱性岩浆系列;富大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,具有弱的Eu正异常(δEu=1.03~1.34),稀土元素配分型式呈平缓的右倾型。辉长闪长岩同位素组成比较亏损,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.704 5~0.704 7,εNd(t)=+2.71~+4.17,εHf(t)相对εNd(t)明显偏高,为+10.8~+18.7,存在Nd-Hf同位素解耦现象。年代学、岩石地球化学以及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素综合分析表明,乌拉盖辉长闪长岩是早古生代古亚洲洋沿苏左旗-锡林浩特一线向北俯冲的产物,岩体形成于俯冲作用的初始阶段,源区为受到俯冲物质交代的地幔楔,交代物质以板片熔体为主,流体交代为辅,无明显沉积物加入,后期由于弧后拉张、贺根山洋盆打开与主体岛弧带脱离,最终形成了与俯冲带彼此分隔的格局。 相似文献
4.
东准噶尔地区石炭纪巴塔玛依内山组火山岩-次火山侵入岩发育。本文以卡拉麦里构造带东南部松喀尔苏地区次火山侵入岩——花岗闪长斑岩为研究对象,通过岩石学、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和Sr-Nd同位素方面的研究发现,所有锆石都具岩浆成因,锆石U-Pb年龄可分为多组,其中最小的一组年龄为305.5~316.3 Ma,代表岩体的形成时间,其他年龄多与准噶尔地区产出的具洋壳和岛弧性质的岩浆岩时代一致。岩石具正的εNd(t)(3.0~15.1),中等的87Sr/86Sr初始值(0.703 861~0.713 151),较小的T2DM(412~839)。反映了东准噶尔地区基底可能由底侵幔源物质和奠基于有限前寒武纪结晶基底之上的古生代残余洋壳、岛弧体系组成,花岗闪长斑岩是新生地壳物质和少量幔源岩浆共同作用的产物,其形成可能与晚古生代古亚洲洋持续的向哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块俯冲消减诱发卡拉麦里地区弧后扩张有关。 相似文献
5.
内蒙古吉尔嘎郎图早古生代岩体成因——年代学、地球化学及Nd-Hf同位素制约 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
兴蒙造山带北缘断续分布的早古生代岩浆岩带,对古生代构造格局恢复及造山带演化研究具有重要意义。阿巴嘎旗北部吉尔嘎郎图岩体位于该岩浆岩带中段,为带内最大的早古生代复式侵入体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,吉尔嘎郎图岩体早期花岗闪长岩单元成岩年龄为455.0~495.6Ma。在主量元素组成上,岩体SiO_2含量中等(59.49%~68.22%),贫铁、镁,K_2O/Na_2O值(0.64~0.85)小于1,A/CNK=0.96~1.09,整体具有亚碱、弱过铝特征。稀土及微量元素方面,岩体富Cs、Rb、Th、U、Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、P及高场强元素Nb、Ta等,稀土元素总量中等,具有弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.52~0.82)。Sr-Nd-Hf同位素分析结果显示,岩体具有亏损的同位素组成,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i=0.7053~0.7034,ε_(Nd)(t)=0.39~4.29,2件Hf同位素样品ε_(Hf)(t)均为正值,分别为ε_(Hf)(t)=7.6~10.8和ε_(Hf)(t)=3.7~7.9。岩石地球化学、年代学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素综合分析表明,吉尔嘎郎图岩体是早古生代古亚洲洋沿苏左旗—锡林浩特一线向北俯冲背景下,遭受了俯冲板片析出流体交代作用影响的新生下地壳部分熔融的产物,后期由于弧后拉张、贺根山洋盆打开与主体岛弧带分离,最终随着古亚洲洋的整体闭合,形成了与俯冲带彼此分隔的格局。 相似文献
6.
东准噶尔地区石炭系巴塔玛依内山组火山岩分布广泛,规模巨大,目前对其形成时代及构造背景的认识还存在着较大的争议。以火山岩中的玄武岩、玄武安山岩为研究对象,进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学和Sm-Nd同位素地球化学方面的研究。结果表明,该套火山岩属高钾钙碱性火山岩系,微量元素和稀土元素特征相似,(143Nd/144Nd)i变化幅度小,εNd(t)和T2DM近乎相同,具同源岩浆演化特征和良好的封闭条件。利用Sm-Nd等时线定年方法获得的玄武岩全岩等时线年龄为(319.7±5.9)Ma,(143Nd/144Nd)i=0.512414±0.000006,MSWD=0.34,与区域地质构造背景和已有化石证据基本吻合,代表了火山岩的形成时代。准噶尔地区晚古生代区域构造背景复杂。位于西伯利亚板块和哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块之间的古亚洲洋存在双向俯冲消减过程。南向俯冲带位于扎河坝-克拉玛依一线,俯冲作用至少延续至(319.7±5.9)Ma。持续的南向俯冲造就了东准噶尔地区扎河坝下泥盆统托让格库都克组火山岩代表的岛弧和卡拉麦里蛇绿岩代表的卡拉麦里不成熟弧后盆地的形成。东准噶尔地区石炭系巴塔玛依内山组火山岩就是该过程中不成熟弧后盆地的产物,成岩过程可能是:古亚洲洋持续南向俯冲,导致卡拉麦里地区幔源物质大量上隆并引起弧后扩张,并在消减沉积物和(或)俯冲洋壳脱水产生的流体作用下发生部分熔融,形成的玄武质岩浆不断底侵至壳幔边界,引起少量主体由古生代残余洋壳和岛弧体系组成的年轻下地壳物质部分熔融生成岩浆,并发生相互较完全的混合,而后随着混合岩浆的不断聚集和构造伸展作用的进一步持续,岩浆沿构造薄弱带快速上升至地表,喷发成岩。319.7~311 Ma左右的中亚造山带持续南向增生导致了卡拉麦里弧盆北侧古亚洲洋的消亡,并最终迫使卡拉麦里弧盆北向俯冲消减而闭合。 相似文献
7.
大陆地壳的总体成分是闪长质的,闪长岩的成因是理解大陆地壳形成的关键。发育在青藏高原南部的冈底斯岩基,其总体成分是闪长质的,但是前人的研究主要集中在讨论镁铁质和长英质岩石的成因,很少涉及闪长岩。本工作选取冈底斯岩基中部东嘎闪长质岩体作为研究对象,以揭示冈底斯带闪长岩的成因及其与地壳生长的关系。锆石U-Pb定年显示东嘎闪长岩形成于(176.5±1.2)Ma,并且有(191.3±1.2)Ma的继承锆石,指示有早期地壳组分的加入。这些闪长岩具有相对较高的Mg~#(0.40~0.44),亏损的Sr((~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.703570~0.703595)、Nd(ε_(Nd)(t)=+6.1~+6.5)和锆石Hf(ε_(Hf)(t)=+12.0~+14.7)同位素组成,以及较高的~(147)Sm/~(144)Nd值,表明岩浆源区有地幔物质贡献。岩相学上,闪长岩中镁铁质聚晶团块附近的针状磷灰石,以及东嘎岩体中广泛发育的镁铁质包体,暗示闪长岩为岩浆混合成因。岩浆混合的地球化学检验,也证实东嘎闪长岩是由幔源和壳源岩浆混合形成。东嘎闪长岩的壳幔混合成因表明在早侏罗世新特提斯洋俯冲过程中发生了垂向大陆地壳生长。 相似文献
8.
岩浆弧火成岩构造组合与洋陆转换 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本文从岩浆弧的火成岩构造组合、主要地质特征和弧地壳成熟度几个方面,讨论洋陆转换作用及其过程。表征洋俯冲环境的火成岩构造组合主要有英云闪长岩—奥长花岗岩—花岗闪长岩(TTG)组合,高镁安山岩组合,镁安山岩组合,Adakite组合(即高锶低钇中酸性岩)与富铌弧玄武岩组合等。基于火成岩构造组合的配置,讨论了4种可能的洋俯冲壳的壳幔结构:(1)热的年轻的俯冲洋壳与上覆冷的幔楔岩石圈;(2)冷的老的俯冲洋壳与冷的幔楔岩石圈;(3)冷的老的洋壳与热的幔楔软流圈;(4)热的年轻的俯冲洋壳与上覆幔楔软流圈。讨论了弧岩浆前锋作为结构标志以及空间组成极性的构造意义;讨论了弧火山作用的时间极性与弧成熟度及其地壳厚度之间的正相关关系,提出岩浆弧地壳双层结构的模型,下地壳主要为玄武质的基性麻粒岩和角闪岩,上地壳为长英质的TTG片麻岩,相当于大陆壳形成的第一阶段,即新生陆壳。岩浆弧及其洋—陆过渡性的弧地壳是洋俯冲作用形成的洋陆转换带(或增生造山带)的最重要的记录。 相似文献
9.
《地质科技情报》2017,(2)
新疆哈尔里克造山带广泛分布着古生代的侵入岩体,其成因对正确认识该区岩浆的动力学背景具有重要意义。对位于哈尔里克造山带中段东部的沁城天生圈岩体进行了岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学研究,探讨其岩石成因及构造属性,以期为解决哈尔里克造山带的地质构造演化提供依据。沁城天生圈岩体岩性为石英闪长岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,石英闪长岩形成时代为(446.1±3.3)Ma(晚奥陶世),属加里东期构造岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,其w(SiO2)介于57.74%~62.34%之间,中钾-高钾(1.71%~3.01%),富CaO(4.01%~8.45%)、贫Al2O3(15.03%~16.89%),w(MgO)介于1.85%~3.97%之间,Mg#值为37.15~48.29,铝饱和指数值A/CNK为0.78~0.99,属准铝质中钾—高钾钙碱性岩石系列;且岩石稀土元素质量分数较低(59.74×10-6~205.53×10-6),轻稀土元素分馏较重稀土元素明显,富集Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和活泼的不相容元素(Th、U),相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素(HFSE),显示出与典型岛弧型岩浆岩相似的特征。有关微量元素、稀土元素的相关图解以及宏观地质特征指示,沁城天生圈岩体石英闪长岩的形成受俯冲作用影响,其岩浆源区应为增厚大陆下地壳物质部分熔融的产物,并可能含有幔源基性岩浆的加入。此外,综合区域地质资料分析,认为早古生代期间(中奥陶世-早志留世),哈尔里克造山带存在大面积的与真正岛弧演化有关的加里东期岩浆活动,哈尔里克早古生代岛弧的形成可能与东准噶尔南部克拉麦里洋向南俯冲作用有关。 相似文献
10.
在大陆碰撞造山带中寻找消失的古洋壳再循环及其壳幔相互作用的证据,对理解从洋壳俯冲到陆壳俯冲化学地球动力学过程的转变,以及板块构造理论的发展具有重要意义.通过对桐柏-红安造山带晚古生代和晚中生代镁铁质岩浆岩的岩石地球化学特征进行总结,可以识别出俯冲古洋壳再循环的岩石学和地球化学记录.晚古生代岛弧型镁铁质岩石具有弧型微量元素特征和相对亏损的放射成因同位素组成,记录了俯冲古洋壳在弧下深度（80~160 km）的流体交代作用;而晚中生代洋岛型镁铁质岩石OIB型微量元素特征和亏损-弱富集的放射成因同位素组成,记录了俯冲古洋壳在弧后深度（>200 km）的熔体交代作用.这一定性的解释也进一步得到了定量计算的证实,其结果表明镁铁质岩浆岩中的不相容元素的含量以及放射性成因同位素的富集程度,主要受控于地幔源区中所加入的地壳组分的性质和比例.因此,碰撞造山带中的岛弧型和洋岛型镁铁质岩浆岩,分别记录了弧下和弧后深度的俯冲古洋壳物质再循环. 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
15.
扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
16.
Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献
17.
18.
V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献
19.
山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
20.
海南大坡岩体位于五指山褶皱带内,主要受昌江—琼海构造带、琼西构造带与潭爷断陷构造带控制.岩石地球化学及岩石学研究表明,大坡岩体形成于海西-印支晚期,岩性单一,主要为中细粒似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩.岩体显示为Ⅰ型花岗岩与S型花岗岩的混合,主体以地壳物质部分熔融为主,形成过程有少量地幔物质加入.元素对的比值及稀土元素配分特征说明岩体钨锡等多金属含矿性可能较差. 相似文献