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1.
王丹  郭敬辉  马旭东 《岩石学报》2021,37(2):341-355
英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩-花岗闪长岩(TTG)是地球早期大陆地壳最重要的组成部分。TTG的Nb/Ta比值变化不仅与它的成因相关,而且与早期构造环境和地壳分异过程关系紧密。本文选择阴山地块出露的TTG片麻岩及下地壳斜长角闪岩/麻粒岩包体作为研究对象,开展了寄主花岗闪长岩和同源镁铁质包体中的角闪石和黑云母的原位微区矿物的微量元素分析工作,以及TTG与非同源斜长角闪岩包体的全岩主微量元素分析工作。矿物化学研究结果表明,花岗闪长岩和同源镁铁质包体的角闪石具有相似的Mg#值,但是两者具有明显不同的Nb/Ta比值。镁铁质包体中的角闪石更富Cr、Ta,Nb/Ta比值为30~50;TTG岩石中的角闪石Cr和Ta含量偏低,但具有更高的Nb/Ta比值(38~70)。TTG和镁铁质包体中的角闪石Cr含量与Nb/Ta具有较好的负相关关系。全岩地球化学分析结果揭示,TTG片麻岩的具有高Nb/Ta比值(13~65,平均值31),斜长角闪岩和麻粒岩包体具有变化的Nb/Ta比值(10~56)。太古宙绿岩带中玄武质岩石的Nb/Ta平均值为~15,阴山地块斜长角闪岩和麻粒岩包体具有高的Nb/Ta比值,反映了这些代表基性下地壳的岩石经历了部分熔融作用或后期的交代作用,使其Nb/Ta比值发生改变。研究区具有高Nb/Ta比值的TTG可能来源于高Nb/Ta比值基性下地壳部分熔融,并继承了源区高Nb/Ta比值的特征。通过本文研究揭示,高Nb/Ta比值的TTG并非一定形成于俯冲带洋壳榴辉岩相部分熔融,下地壳富角闪石和黑云母的岩石部分熔融是形成高Nb/Ta比值TTG的一种重要途径。  相似文献   

2.
在柴北缘东段识别出早古生代埃达克岩-富Nb玄武岩的火山岩组合。埃达克岩富Na2O、贫K2O，K2O/Na2O比值介于0.14~0.43之间；高Sr（614×10-6~1043×10-6），但亏损Y（3.26×10-6~14.1×10-6）和Yb（0.33×10-6~1.46×10-6），具有高的Sr/Y比值（44~282）；富集Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素及Cr、Ni、Co、V等相容元素。富Nb玄武岩富Na2O、贫K2O、高TiO2，其Nb含量较高，介于16.9×10-6~17.9×10-6之间，具有高的Nb/Ta、Nb/U、（Nb/La）N比值，同时富集高场强元素。埃达克岩锆石U-Pb定年得到453±4Ma和457±4Ma的结晶年龄。锆石εHf（t）范围较大，介于3.40~13.23之间，对应的二阶段模式年龄tDM2介于1059~566Ma之间，显示以新生物质为主的特征。综合研究表明柴北缘东段埃达克岩可能为岛弧环境下俯冲的南祁连大洋板片部分熔融的产物。板片来源的埃达克质熔体交代或与上覆地幔楔橄榄岩反应，导致被交代的地幔橄榄岩部分熔融而形成富Nb玄武质岩浆。柴北缘东段埃达克岩-富Nb玄武岩火山岩组合的厘定表明南祁连洋可能直到~455Ma之前并未完全闭合，同时表明俯冲大洋板片的部分熔融可能是柴北缘早古生代地壳增生的一种重要方式。  相似文献   

3.
叶现韬  张传林 《岩石学报》2020,36(11):3397-3413
塔里木克拉通前寒武纪构造演化，特别是早前寒武纪构造演化一直是地质学家讨论的焦点。本文通过对阿尔金北缘新太古代TTG片麻岩进行详细的野外调查、岩相学观察、地球化学分析以及锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年来揭示该岩石的成因以及探讨塔里木克拉通早前寒武纪构造演化。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果显示阿尔金北缘TTG片麻岩的形成年龄为2740±19Ma，而后经历了新太古代（2494±53Ma）混合岩化作用和古元古代（1962±78Ma）麻粒岩相变质作用。阿尔金北缘英云闪长质片麻岩显示低的MgO含量（1.33%~3.08%）和Mg#（37~52），具有高Sr（469×10-6~764×10-6）含量、低Y（4.72×10-6~13.5×10-6）和Yb（0.37×10-6~0.99×10-6）含量的特点，它们的Sr/Y比值可达到41~99。岩石的这些特征与基性下地壳部分熔融形成的TTG相同。并且，该新太古代TTG片麻岩还具有正的εNd（t）值（0.2~3.6）、高的Nd同位素初始值（0.509088~0.509260）和古太古代两阶段模式年龄（3.62~3.70Ga）。因此，阿尔金北缘新太古代TTG片麻岩可能来源于基性下地壳部分熔融，并且岩浆源区有石榴石、角闪石和金红石的残留。综合前人的研究成果，对比相邻区域TTG的形成时代，变质事件的记录以及太古宙地壳增生差异都指示阿尔金北缘和敦煌-库鲁塔格地区可能来源于不同的大陆块体。  相似文献   

4.
许亭花岗岩出露于赞皇杂岩中,位于河北省赞皇县西部山区,呈岩基状侵入新太古代TTG片麻岩和变质地层中,SHRIMP 锆石U-Pb年龄为2090±10Ma。岩体主要由钾长-二长花岗岩组成,无暗色包体,偶见围岩的捕掳体。岩体组成不均匀,局部含石英和少量钾长石斑晶,构成似斑状结构。主要的矿物组合为石英+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+绿帘石±白云母±角闪石,含萤石副矿物。岩石具有高硅(SiO2＞75%)、富碱(ALK=6.90%~8.75%)、低铝(Al2O3 =10.32%~11.64%)、钛(TiO2=0.26%~0.36%)和贫钙(CaO=0.18%~0.48%)、镁(MgO=0.16%~0.40%)、铁(Fe2OT3=2.58%~3.46%)的特征,为偏铝质到弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列。岩石的稀土总量较高(293.8×10-6 ~702.8×10-6),轻稀土相对富集,有明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.1~0.35)。微量元素中,富Zr、Nb和Y,而贫Ba、Sr和P等元素,Rb/Sr比值较高,介于1.45~7.52之间,平均4.31。岩石还具有高的Ga/Al值(3.04×10-6~4.08×10-6),具有A型花岗岩特征。在同位素组成方面,具有较低的εNd(t)值(-14.29~-0.29,平均为-5.58)。许亭花岗岩具有板内花岗岩特征,可能与2.1Ga时岩浆板底垫托,导致新太古代TTG岩石部分熔融,并可能有少量古老地壳物质加入。根据岩体性质及岩石组合等特征推测赞皇、阜平、五台等地区的2.1Ga岩浆活动形成于统一的拉张裂解环境。  相似文献   

5.
张瑞英  张成立  孙勇 《岩石学报》2013,29(7):2265-2280
华北克拉通中部中条山区涑水杂岩是华北克拉通新太古代TTG质片麻岩地体之一。为了探讨华北克拉通新太古代构造-岩浆事件的性质及早前寒武纪地壳的形成和演化,选择涑水杂岩中TTG质岩石进行研究。研究表明这套TTG质岩石富Na、高Al、Sr,低Y、Cr、Ni含量。稀土元素配分曲线右倾,富Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素,强烈亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,这套TTG质片麻岩形成于2553～2561Ma,属新太古代晚期产物。锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果显示εHf(t)为正值,两阶段模式年龄集中在2.7～2.8Ga。结合涑水杂岩中TTG质片麻岩的岩石地球化学特征,认为这套TTG片麻岩可能主要来自2.7～2.8Ga的下地壳镁铁质岩石在新太古代晚期的部分熔融,可能有少量的地幔物质加入。考虑同期发育大量花岗质岩石的事实,说明新太古代晚期在华北克拉通中部并不存在大规模的俯冲作用,华北克拉通在新太古代晚期已经基本成型。结合前人研究成果和本文锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果,提出中条山区～2.5Ga岩浆事件代表一期重要的陆壳再造事件。  相似文献   

6.
昌都微陆块内部发育一套晚三叠世粗安岩.本文基于系统的野外踏勘,对具有代表性的火山岩进行岩石学、地球化学等研究.结果显示该区火山岩的SiO2含量为51.36%~58.04%,全碱含量(Na2O+K2O)为5.03%~7.84%,根据岩石K2O,MgO及K2O/Na2O比值判断,属钾质-超钾质火山岩,具高K、高Al、低Ti的特征.本区岩石强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),Nb、Ta、Ti的负异常明显,整体特征类似于弧火山岩.其稀土总量较高(270×10-6~960×10-6),轻重稀土分馏明显,重稀土分布形态较平缓.岩石具有较高的初始锶同位素比值(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7150~0.7176和较低的初始钕同位素比值(143Nd/144Nd)i=0.51180~0.51184,εNd(t)=-10.9~-10.2,二段Nd模式年龄为t2DM=1.82~1.88Ga.本区岩石的地球化学特征显示其源区是由俯冲板片所产生的流体/熔体交代的岩石圈地幔,源区矿物组成分析结果显示,其源区以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主,含少量石榴石二辉橄榄岩及金云母.本区钾质-超钾质岩石虽然与西藏南部的钾质-超钾质岩石有相似的地球化学特征,但却产于碰撞后的构造背景之下.结合其所具有的弧火山岩特征及时代构造背景判断其为一种"滞后型"弧火山岩,其形成过程可以概括为三个阶段.  相似文献   

7.
满洲里南部白音高老组流纹岩锆石U-Pb定年及岩石成因   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  
满洲里南部白音高老组火山岩主要由流纹岩组成,含少量珍珠岩和流纹质凝灰岩。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,流纹岩形成于141~139Ma的早白垩世早期。岩石地球化学研究表明,火山岩具有高硅富碱、贫钙镁和高FeOT/MgO比值的特征; 稀土丰度总量较高(∑REE介于103×10-6~488×10-6),轻重稀土分馏明显［(La/ Yb)N=4.12~30.94)］,Eu负异常显著(δEu=0.12~0.46); 微量元素以富集Rb、Th、U、K,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti,中等亏损Nb、Ta和高Ga/Al值为特征,与A-型花岗岩特征相似。锆石176Hf/177Hf比值介于0.282785~0.282970之间,εHf(t)值均为正值,介于3.78~9.98之间。流纹岩岩浆来源于斜长石稳定区玄武质下地壳物质的部分熔融,形成于非造山板内伸展构造环境。  相似文献   

8.
辽北清原地区英云闪长岩的岩石化学成分具有富SiO_2、Al_2O_3、Na_2O,Ba、Mg~#,LREE,而贫K_2O、Yb、Y、HREE的特点,显示奥长花岗岩演化趋势,并具有Adakite(埃达克岩)和新太古代富铝型TTG岩石特征。岩石∑REE偏低,稀土元素显示强烈分异,基本无Eu异常,Nb、Ta和Yi负异常,具有低的Nb/Ta、(La/Yb)N比值及其它微量元素特征,表明其与岛弧或大陆边缘弧玄武质岩石特征相似。岩石LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年表明该岩石形成年龄为2 550.2±7.1 Ma,时代为新太古代。地球化学特征指示英云闪长岩可能是在较高温度和压力下由俯冲的含水玄武质洋壳部分熔融形成,残留相中有较多的角闪石和斜长石,较少的石榴石。辽北清原地区英云闪长岩的这种成因机制表明当时陆壳以水平方式增生,华北克拉通2.5 Ga左右可能存在微陆块碰撞拼合事件,碰撞拼合之前不同微陆块之间可能存在一个古大洋。  相似文献   

9.
准噶尔盆地陆东—五彩湾地区石炭系火山岩位于上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组地层中,主要为玄武岩、玄武质安山岩和安山岩,基本属于钙碱性系列。火山岩的Mg#介于38~57之间,全碱含量较高K2O＋Na2O为4.75%~6.16％）,TiO2的含量（0.96%~2.04％）和Na2O/K2O比值（均大于2）较高,轻稀土元素（LREE）相对重稀土元素（HREE）富集（(La/Yb)N=2.4~4.7）,同时显示有轻微的重稀土分馏（(Gd/Yb)N=1.5~1.8）,无明显的Ce异常,大部分样品具有轻微的Eu负异常（δEu＝0.89~1.05）,大离子亲石元素（LILE）相对高场强元素（HFSE）富集,Nb、Ta相对于LREE和LILE明显亏损,La/Nb比值为2.0~2.8,Th/La比值（≈0.1）较低,Zr/Y比值（3.95~7.03）较高。火山岩(87Sr/86Sr) i＝0.70278~0.70365,εNd(t)＝＋5.69 ~ ＋8.24,tDM为0.47~0.67Ga。这些特征连同相关判别图解一起表明,这套火山岩不是形成于典型的板内或岛弧环境,而是形成于后碰撞期伸展背景下,是软流圈物质上涌发生部分熔融、产生的岩浆在上升和侵位的过程中受到了晚石炭世之前弧组分混染的产物。其所携带的弧岩浆特征继承自混染的碰撞前的弧组分。  相似文献   

10.
河北赞皇杂岩中2.7Ga TTG片麻岩的厘定及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
本文对赞皇杂岩中的条带状TTG片麻岩样品进行了岩石化学、锆石U-Pb年龄和锆石Hf同位素研究。其中ZH39-1和ZH39-2的岩性为英云闪长质片麻岩,TZ50-1和TZ50-2为奥长花岗质片麻岩。对岩浆锆石的定年结果显示英云闪长质片麻岩ZH39-1具有2702±13Ma的结晶年龄,奥长花岗质片麻岩TZ50-2具有2690±10Ma的结晶年龄。同时这2个样品均具有新太古代晚期的变质年龄记录,说明岩石受到了新太古代晚期构造-热事件的影响。该片麻岩主量元素均具有高硅(66.4%～74.3%)、高铝(14.0%～15.9%)、富钠(4.13%～5.20%)、贫钾(1.17%～2.54%)和MgO(0.68%～2.12%)、具有低K_2O/Na_2O比值(0.25～0.62)的特征,Mg~#在43.0～47.4之间。微量元素具有富集Ba、Sr、Zr、Hf和Th,亏损Nb、Nd、Ti的特征,稀土元素具有总含量较低为47.6×10~(-6)～120×10~(-6),(La/Yb)_N为16.4～56.5,Eu无异常或较强正异常,这些特征同太古宙高铝TTG岩系一致。英云闪长质片麻岩样品ZH39-1中绝大多数锆石具有ε_(Hf)(t)正值,变化范围是1.52～5.59,该样品锆石两阶段Hf模式年龄为2874Ma,显示新生地壳来自于亏损地幔。在赞皇杂岩不同地点再次发现～2.7Ga的TTG岩石,证明该地区在中太古代晚期和新太古代早期存在大规模陆壳增生事件。  相似文献   

11.
吉南地区太古宙基底中发育大量早前寒武纪基性岩墙群,是陆壳伸展的直接证据。对白山市东部天桥太古宙基底出露区内基性岩墙及其围岩进行了锆石U-Pb定年和地球化学分析,以确定该期伸展事件的形成机制及地质意义。天桥地区基性岩墙岩性为斜长角闪岩,侵位于TTG片麻岩中。英云闪长质片麻岩(TN1)中锆石具核-边结构,岩浆核的LA-ICP-MS测年结果为2500±6Ma,指示其形成于新太古代末期。天桥岩墙(TN3)中的锆石内部结构与TN1相同,酸性岩浆核的SHRIMP测年结果为2490±17Ma,与TN1在误差范围内一致,表明这些锆石不是基性岩墙原生锆石,而是岩墙侵位过程中在围岩中捕获的锆石,但根据岩墙仅侵位在太古宙基底中且变质程度高于周围古元古界老岭群,将其侵位年龄大致限制在新太古代末期-古元古代早期。地球化学特征显示,基性岩墙具有低SiO_2、Na_2O、K_2O含量,高CaO、MgO含量,A/CNK=0.56～0.59,属于准铝质的拉斑玄武岩系列岩石,∑REE低、配分曲线平坦,富集LILE(Rb、Ba和K),亏损HFSE(Th、U、Nb和Ta),具有与原始地幔相同的Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf比值及接近地壳的Nb/U、Ta/U比值,指示其岩浆可能来源于地幔且在上升过程中受到地壳混染,形成于板内伸展环境。TTG片麻岩具有中等的SiO_2和MgO含量,高Al_2O_3和Na_2O含量以及低CaO含量,A/CNK=1.00～1.14,属弱过铝质的钙碱性系列岩石,∑REE低、具有右倾的REE配分曲线,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,富集LILE(Rb、Ba、K和Sr),强烈亏损HFSE(U、Nb、Ta、Sm和Ti),其岩浆可能来源于变质玄武质岩石和极少量沉积岩的部分熔融,结合邻区TTG的研究成果,认为其形成于与俯冲相关的活动大陆边缘环境。前人研究表明,新太古代晚期板块构造体制可能已经启动,结合我们以往研究,认为新太古代晚期华北克拉通东北部可能发生了弧陆碰撞造山运动,天桥岩墙的侵位标志着新太古代末期至古元古代早期之间华北克拉通东北部进入造山后伸展环境,可能是对新太古代造山运动结束的响应。  相似文献   

12.
The Neoarchean Yishui Terrane (YST) is situated in the east of Western Shandong Province (WSP), south-eastern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). The metavolcanic rocks of the YST are fine-grained hornblende plagioclase gneisses (Group #1) and fine-grained amphibolites (Group #2) in the Yangzhuangzhen area and fine- to medium-grained amphibolites (Group #3) in the Leigushan area. The high-K granitoids associated with Groups #1 and 2 are dominated by fine- to medium-grained monzogranitic gneisses. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating reveals that the magmatic precursors of Groups #1 and #2 were formed at 2641 Ma and the magmatic precursors of concomitant monzogranitic gneisses were emplaced from 2615 to 2575 Ma, whereas Group #3 represents a later 2500 Ma volcanic eruption, and all these metamorphic volcanic rocks and monzogranitic gneisses were subjected to subsequent 2470–2460 Ma metamorphism.The metamorphic volcanic rock samples in Group #1 exhibit the chemical compositions of calc-alkaline andesites, showing fractionated chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)N = 10.48–19.30) and negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies ((Nb/La)PM = 0.13–0.22), which are akin to those of typical high-Mg andesites (HMAs) in the subduction-related settings. The magmatic precursors of the Group #1 samples were derived from partial melting of a fluid- or melt-metasomatized depleted mantle wedge at deep levels in the upper mantle. Samples in Group #2 show calc-alkaline chemical compositions with less fractionated chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)N = 2.24–3.34) and negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies ((Nb/La)PM = 0.47–0.76), which are consistent with those of the volcanic rocks in the Aleutian island arc. The magmatic precursors of Group #2 were generated by partial melting of a fluid-metasomatized depleted mantle wedge at shallow levels in the upper mantle. The monzogranitic gneisses exhibit high SiO2 and K2O contents with high-K calc-alkaline affinities and peraluminous characteristics. Based on their distinct HREE contents and chondrite-normalized REE patterns, these granitoid samples are subdivided into low-Yb monzogranitic gneisses (LYMGs) and high-Yb monzogranitic gneisses (HYMGs). The LYMG magma was derived from partial melting of a mixed source of juvenile two-mica pelites and minor basic-intermediate igneous rocks at lower crustal levels with pyroxene + amphibole + garnet as the main residual phases, and the HYMG magma was derived from partial melting of multi-sourced juvenile two-mica pelites at middle to lower crustal levels with pyroxene + amphibole and subordinate plagioclase and garnet as the main residual phases. In addition, Group #3 resembles tholeiitic back-arc basalts in the Okinawa Trough and displays flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)N = 1.22–2.08) and slightly negative Nb and Ta anomalies ((Nb/La)PM = 0.35–0.59). This group was most likely derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle source that had been modified by the addition of subducted slab-derived fluids at shallow levels in the upper mantle. These metavolcanic rocks and concomitant high-K granitoids record important Neoarchean crust-mantle interactions involving the first modification and partial melting of the lithospheric mantle induced by oceanic crust subduction; then, upwelling and underplating of mantle-derived magmas triggered partial melting of the middle to lower crust and mixing between crust- and mantle-derived magmas. These processes imply that Neoarchean crust-mantle interaction played a crucial role in the evolution of the southeastern margin of the NCC.Available whole-rock Sm-Nd and zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data from metamorphic volcanic rocks and plutonic granitoids from this study and previous studies reveal that YST experienced three crucial juvenile crustal growth events from ~2.78–2.69 Ga, ~2.64–2.56 Ga and ~2.54–2.50 Ga.  相似文献   

13.
华北克拉通中部造山带南段崤山地区太华群变质杂岩中的TTG质片麻岩具较宽范围的Si O2(63.00%~73.13%)、Al2O3(14.22%~19.38%)和较低的Mg O(0.42%~1.62%)、Cr(4.7~19.2μg/g)和Ni(2.28~16.3μg/g),显示低Yb(0.54~1.16μg/g)、Y(5.49~11.6μg/g)以及高(La/Yb)N(22.4~47.7)和Sr/Y(12.4~84.3)的特征。其稀土元素配分曲线具明显Eu负异常,在微量元素蛛网图上显示显著的Nb-Ta、Ti负异常。崤山TTG片麻岩的原岩形成于新太古代晚期(~2.52 Ga)的加厚下地壳部分熔融,源区残留石榴子石及角闪石,斜长石结晶分异作用降低了岩浆体系的Sr含量和Sr/Y值。绝大部分继承锆石的形成时代(2544±8 Ma)接近于TTG岩浆结晶年龄,表明加厚下地壳源区物质组成相对较年轻。另外,崤山TTG质片麻岩具有正的岩浆锆石εHf(t)值(0.39~4.76)以及略低的继承锆石εHf(t)值(-1.88~3.05),与登封群新太古代TTG相似,均明显高于鲁山太华群新太古代早期TTG。因此,崤山TTG片麻岩具有明显的新生地壳组分,暗示了显著的地壳生长,可能与华北克拉通中部造山带南段新太古代活动大陆边缘增生造山过程相关。  相似文献   

14.
Geological mapping and zircon U–Pb laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) dating has identified a Mesoarchean (2857 ± 17 Ma) geological unit in the Luanjiajie area of the northern margin of the North China Craton, within the northern part of Liaoning Province, China. This unit is dominated by tonalitic and trondhjemite gneisses that form part of a typical tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) rock assemblage. These Mesoarchean gneisses are enriched in Na and depleted in K, yield K2O/Na2O ratios of 0.34–0.50, have Rittmann index (σ) values of 1.54–3.04, and are calc-alkaline. They have EuN/EuN* values of 0.77–1.20 (average of 1.03), indicating that these samples have negligible Eu anomalies, and yield high LaN/YbN values (4.92–23.12). These characteristics indicate that these Mesoarchean gneisses have fractionated rare earth element (REE) compositions that are enriched in the light REE (LREE) and depleted in the heavy REE (HREE), with steeply dipping chondrite-normalized REE patterns. These gneisses are also enriched in Rb, Th, K, Zr, and Hf, and are relatively depleted in Ta, Nb, P, and Ti. In summary, the magma that formed these tonalitic and trondhjemite gneisses was most likely derived from the partial melting of lower-crustal basaltic rocks during subduction. The timing of formation (2.85 Ga) of the Luanjiajie tonalite and trondhjemite gneisses probably represents the timing of initiation of plate tectonics within the LongGang Block during a SE-directed subduction event. The presence of inherited zircons with ages of >3.0 Ga within the Luanjiajie gneisses suggests that this area may contain as yet undiscovered rocks that formed before 3.0 Ga.  相似文献   

15.
塔里木北部二叠纪长英质火山岩年代学及地球化学特征   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  
大面积分布于塔里木盆地的二叠纪玄武岩构成了面积250000km2的大火成岩省(LIP),长英质火山岩的发现为塔里木二叠纪火山作用的研究打开了新的窗口。本文从塔北地区约5000m深的钻井中收集了4件二叠纪长英质火山岩的样品。通过对其进行锆石U-Pb同位素测试,得出其形成时代为274~282Ma,为塔里木大火成岩省晚期岩浆作用的产物。岩石具有高钾的特征K2O+Na2O=7.29%~8.34%,K2O/Na2O>1,大部分属于高钾钙碱性系列,且属于过铝质(A/CNK=1.32~1.53)。具有富集LREE和Zr、Hf、Y,亏损Sr、P、Ti、Nb、Ta等特征,微量元素分布曲线形态与地壳相近,具有右倾的稀土元素配分曲线,且显示出一定的负铕异常。通过Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的分析得出其源区有大量地壳物质,这与其具有较高的Th、U含量和与地壳平均值相似的Nb/La、Nb/U、Th/Ta相一致。综合年代学、地球化学特征及构造环境的判断,认为塔北地区二叠纪长英质火山岩形成于地幔柱活动背景下的地壳物质的部分熔融。  相似文献   

16.
The thickness and geothermal gradient of Archean continental crust are critical factors for understanding the geodynamic processes in Earth's early continental crust. Archean tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) gneisses provide one of the potential indicators of paleo-crustal thickness and geothermal gradient because crust-derived TTG melts are generally thought to originate from partial melting of mafic rocks at the crustal root. In the Western Shandong Province (WSP) of the North China Craton (NCC), two episodes of Neoarchean TTG magmatism are recognized at ~2.70 Ga and ~2.55 Ga which were sourced from partial melting of juvenile crustal components. The ~2.70 Ga TTG gneisses show highly fractionated rare earth element (REE) patterns (average (La/Yb)N = 39), whereas the ~2.55 Ga TTG gneisses have relatively less fractionated REE patterns (average (La/Yb)N = 18). Petrogenetic evaluation suggest that the magmatic precursors of the TTG gneisses of both episodes originated from partial melting of juvenile crustal materials at different crustal depths with residual mineral phases of Grt, Cpx, Amp, Pl and Ilm. Together with the garnet proportion in the residue, the P–T pseudosections of equilibrium mineral assemblages, and the temperature calculated from Titanium-in-zircon thermometer, we estimate the Neoarchean crustal thicknesses as 44–51 km with geothermal gradients of 17 to 20 °C/km for the ~2.70 Ga TTG gneisses whereas the ~2.55 Ga TTG gneisses show lesser crustal thicknesses of 35–43 km with geothermal gradients of 19 to 26 °C/km, with an approximately 10 km difference in crustal thickness. Our estimates on the thicknesses and geothermal gradients of the Neoarchean crust are similar to those (~41 km, ~20 °C/km) of the modern average continental crust, indicating that a modern-style plate tectonic regime may have played an important role in the formation and evolution of the Neoarchean continental crust in the NCC.  相似文献   

17.
Through detailed studies we have delineated a suite of banded TTG gneisses from the Zanhuang Complex. The protolith of the gneisses, predominantly tonalite, has undergone intensive metamorphism, deformation and anatexis and in a banded structure is intimately associated with melanocratic dioritic gneiss and leucocratic trondhjemitic veins. SHRIMP Zircon U–Pb data show that the tonalite was formed ca. 2692 ± 12 Ma ago. The tonalitic gneiss has the features of high SiO2 (67.76–73.31%), high Al2O3 (14.38–15.83%), rich in Na2O (4.48–5.07%) and poor in K2O (0.77–1.93%). The gneiss is strongly fractioned in REE ((La/Yb)N = 12.02–24.65) and shows a weak positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 1.05–1.64). It has high contents of Ba (199–588 ppm) and Sr (200–408 ppm), low contents of Yb (0.32–1.00 ppm) and Y (3.41–10.3 ppm) with high Sr/Y ratios (21.77–96.77) and depletion in HFSE Nb, Ta and Ti. These characteristics are similar to those of the high-Si adakitic rocks. The melanocratic dioritic gneiss has low SiO2 (59.81%), high MgO (6.34%), high Al2O3 (14.02%) contents, rich in Na2O (3.7%) and poor in K2O (1.79%), with high Mg index (Mg# = 67). REE and trace elements are on the whole similar to that of the tonalitic gneiss, but compatible element abundances V (116 ppm), Cr (249 ppm), Co (37 ppm) and Ni (179 ppm) are higher. The leucocratic felsic bands (approximating trondhjemite in composition) have major oxides similar to that of the TTG gneisses but the REE and compatible elements are extremely low, which are indicative of the products of anatexis. The tonalitic gneiss has positive εNd(t) (2.37–3.29) and low initial Sr (0.69719–0.70068) values with depleted mantle Nd model age of ca. 2.8 Ga, suggesting its generation from partial melting of mantle-derived juvenile crust. The dioritic gneiss was also derived from subduction environment, but has undergone significant metasomatism of mantle wedge. The delineation of the ca. 2.7 Ga TTG gneisses in the Zanhuang Complex further proves that the North China Craton experienced large-scale continental crustal accretion in early Neoarchean, and gives new constraints on the subdivision of the early blocks and greenstone belts of the craton.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT

We present zircon U-Pb crystallization ages combined with bulk rock major and trace element geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb and zircon in-situ Hf isotopic compositions of the Amand and Moro granitoid intrusions in northwest Iran. The Amand and Moro plutons include granite and syeno-diorite with LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages of 367 ± 6.8 Ma and 351 ± 1.3 Ma, respectively, representative of Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous magmatic activity in NW Iran. Geochemical characteristics such as typical enrichments in alkalis, Nb, Zr, Ga and Y, depletion in P and Sr and fractionated REE patterns with high Ga/Al ratios and Eu negative anomalies are consistent with A-type magmatic signatures. The granitoids are classified as A2-type and within-plate granitoids. The bulk rock geochemistry (enrichments in Th, Nb and, high Th/Yb, Zr/Y ratios) along with low variation of 143Nd/144Nd(i) and 87Sr/86Sr(i) ratios and positive zircon εHf(t) support the role of a mantle plume component for the evolution of the Amand and Moro A-type granitoids in an extensional tectonic environment. In fitting with wider regional knowledge, this magmatism occurred during Paleo-Tethys opening in northern Gondwana.  相似文献   

19.
TTGs and adakites: are they both slab melts?   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  
Kent C. Condie   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):33-44
Although both high-Al TTG (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) and adakite show strongly fractionated REE and incompatible element patterns, TTGs have lower Sr, Mg, Ni, Cr, and Nb/Ta than most adakites. These compositional differences cannot be easily related by shallow fractional crystallization. While adakites are probably slab melts, TTGs may be produced by partial melting of hydrous mafic rocks in the lower crust in arc systems or in the Archean, perhaps in the root zones of oceanic plateaus. It is important to emphasize that geochemical data can be used to help constrain tectonic settings, but it cannot be used alone to reconstruct ancient tectonic settings.

Depletion in heavy REE and low Nb/Ta ratios in high-Al TTGs require both garnet and low-Mg amphibole in the restite, whereas moderate to high Sr values allow little, if any, plagioclase in the restite. To meet these requirements requires melting in the hornblende eclogite stability field between 40- and 80-km deep and between 700 and 800 °C.

Some high-Al TTGs produced at 2.7 Ga and perhaps again at about 1.9 Ga show unusually high La/Yb, Sr, Cr, and Ni. These TTGs may reflect catastrophic mantle overturn events at 2.7 and 1.9 Ga, during which a large number of mantle plumes bombarded the base of the lithosphere, producing thick oceanic plateaus that partially melted at depth.  相似文献   


20.
The Boziguoer A-type granitoids in Baicheng County,Xinjiang,belong to the northern margin of the Tarim platform as well as the neighboring EW-oriented alkaline intrusive rocks.The rocks comprise an aegirine or arfvedsonite quartz alkali feldspar syenite,an aegirine or arfvedsonite alkali feldspar granite,and a biotite alkali feldspar syenite.The major rock-forming minerals are albite,K-feldspar,quartz,arfvedsonite,aegirine,and siderophyllite.The accessory minerals are mainly zircon,pyrochlore,thorite,fluorite,monazite,bastnaesite,xenotime,and astrophyllite.The chemical composition of the alkaline granitoids show that SiO2 varies from 64.55％ to 72.29％ with a mean value of 67.32％,Na2O＋K2O is high （9.85％-11.87％） with a mean of 11.14％,K2O is 2.39％-5.47％ （mean =4.73％）,the K2O/Na2O ratios are 0.31-0.96,Al2O3 ranges from 12.58％ to 15.44％,and total FeOT is between 2.35％ and 5.65％.CaO,MgO,MnO,and TiO2 are low.The REE content is high and the total SREE is （263-1219） ppm （mean =776 ppm）,showing LREE enrichment and HREE depletion with strong negative Eu anomalies.In addition,the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the alkaline granitoids belong to the ＂seagull＂ pattern of the right-type.The Zr content is （113-1246） ppm （mean =594 ppm）,Zr＋Nb＋Ce＋Y is between （478-2203） ppm with a mean of 1362 ppm.Furthermore,the alkaline granitoids have high HFSE （Ga,Nb,Ta,Zr,and Hf） content and low LILE （Ba,K,and Sr） content.The Nb/Ta ratio varies from 7.23 to 32.59 （mean =16.59） and the Zr/Hf ratio is 16.69-58.04 （mean =36.80）.The zircons are depleted in LREE and enriched in HREE.The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the zircons are of the ＂seagull＂ pattern of the left-inclined type with strong negative Eu anomaly and without a Ce anomaly.The Boziguoer A-type granitoids share similar features with A1-type granites.The average temperature of the granitic magma was estimated at 832-839℃.The Boziguoer A-type granitoids show crust-mantle mixing and may have formed in an anorogenic intraplate tectonic setting under high-temperature,anhydrous,and low oxygen fugacity conditions.  相似文献   

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