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东海盆地石油地质研究在近二十年里主要取得五方面的进展:证明了盆地是由一组大陆边缘新生界由西向东逐个变新的“盆地群体“组成,建立了陆架地区以组为单位的整个新生代地层单元,详细划分了西湖凹陷的内部地质结构,认定了煤和煤系沉积是东海陆架区的主力油气源岩,通过大量钻井验证了盆地中三类不同成因的圈闭.从环西太平洋盆地形成的地球动力学背景看,西太平洋是一个自北而南的沟-弧-盆(陆缘海)系统;大体以台湾海峡为界,东海盆地是一个由转换或被动边缘演化而来的聚敛边缘,而南海属于由活动或聚敛边缘转化而来的被动边缘.东海盆地与菲律宾海盆地具有相似的时空演化特征,由此论证了东海新生代盆地属于残余弧后向洋后退盆地. 相似文献
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从东海石油地质重要进展看西太平洋大陆边缘新生代盆地的构造演化--一种海沟向洋后退的残余弧后盆地演化模式 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
东海盆地石油地质研究在近二十年里主要取得五方面的进展：证明了盆地是由一组大陆边缘新生界由西向东逐个变新的“盆地群体”组成，建立了陆架地区以组为单位的整个新生代地层单元，详细划分了西湖凹陷的内部地质结构，认定了煤和煤系沉积是东海陆架区的主力油气源岩，通过大量钻井验证了盆地中三类不同成因的圈闭。从环西太平洋盆地形成的地球动力学背景看，西太平洋是一个自北而南的沟-弧-盆(陆缘海)系统；大体以台湾海峡为界，东海盆地是一个由转换或被动边缘演化而来的聚敛边缘，而南海属于由活动或聚敛边缘转化而来的被动边缘。东海盆地与菲律宾海盆地具有相似的时空演化特征，由此论证了东海新生代盆地属于残余弧后向洋后退盆地。 相似文献
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东海盆地处于西太平洋俯冲带前缘,是发育在华南克拉通基底之上的,以晚白垩世-新生代沉积为主的新生代盆地.东海盆地性质是在活动大陆边缘减薄陆壳之上的,由于洋-陆俯冲消减所引起的张裂、拉伸作用而形成的弧后裂谷型盆地,是西太平洋众多“沟-弧-盆”体系的一部分.东海盆地陆架外缘隆起控制着东海盆地的演化过程,该地质单元形成于晚白垩世,是陆缘隆起和增生楔的复合体,中新世后由于菲律宾海板块的活动而解体为现今的钓鱼岛隆褶带和琉球隆起.结合对陆架外缘隆起的研究后认为,东海盆地晚白垩世以来的演化历程具有3大构造阶段,即:第一阶段,古新世-中始新世西部坳陷形成发展期;第二阶段,中始新世-渐新世东部坳陷形成发展期,其中,中晚始新世太平洋板块的转向是东、西部坳陷构造迁移的分界点;第三阶段,中新世-全新世,东海盆地进入到菲律宾板块影响时期,原先的构造格局开始分解. 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地处于欧亚板块东南缘,其构造演化、动力学机制转换同太平洋板块与欧亚板块碰撞及印度-澳大利亚板块远程推挤效应有关。中生代以来,该盆地形成和演化过程受到古太平洋板块多期俯冲及多构造体系的叠加改造,地质构造和地球物理场复杂,盆地演化及动力学过程等一直是争论的焦点。本文利用最新调查资料,通过构造物理模拟实验、构造解析和平衡地质复原剖面等方法,结合区域构造背景,系统分析了东海陆架盆地中生代演化过程,探讨了其构造动力学转换过程。研究认为东海陆架盆地自中生代以来经历了晚三叠世前的被动大陆边缘和晚三叠世-中侏罗世活动大陆边缘挤压坳陷型盆地阶段,挤压应力来源于伊泽奈崎板块向欧亚大陆板块的低角度俯冲;早白垩世晚期-晚白垩世活动陆缘伸展断陷型盆地阶段,应力来源于太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲后撤导致的岩石圈减薄作用;古近纪为弧后伸展断陷型盆地阶段。同时认为东海陆架盆地古特提斯构造域向古太平洋构造域转换的时间应该发生在中三叠世末期,古太平洋板块低角度俯冲和俯冲后撤代表华南中生代深部地质过程。 相似文献
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比如盆地位于西藏冈底斯-念青唐古拉地体东北部,是在前震旦系变质结晶基底和古生界褶皱基底上发展起来的一个中新生代海相盆地。比如盆地经历了被动边缘盆地演化阶段(T3-J1-2)、复合弧后盆地演化阶段(J2-K1)和高原隆升盆地消亡(K2-Q)三个阶段。本文通过分析盆地内地层及其沉积环境,稀土元素、硅质岩、碎屑模型、火山岩等特征,详细讨论了目前存在争议的被动边缘演化阶段,认为比如盆地存在被动大陆边缘演化阶段,但其沉降期短,没有大陆斜坡沉积。 相似文献
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位于西藏冈底斯带的甲马弧内盆地是随着甲马岛弧的发育而产生的，沉积了一套演浅海相活动大陆边缘的沉积物，主要由碎屑岩与海绵礁灰岩构成，在盆地内的上侏罗统至白垩系中，共识别出七个3级层序，包括1个I类层序和6个Ⅱ类层序，重新建立了该区层序地层年代格架，层序地层的研究表明，盆地的演化可划分为具深切谷的碎屑陆架阶段，碳酸盐台地与海绵礁形成阶段，滞流的碎屑陆架阶段，无障壁海岸的碎屑陆架阶段和具障壁海岸的碎屑陆架5个阶段。 相似文献
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中国近海新生代盆地构造差异性演化及油气勘探方向 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国近海处于欧亚、印度-澳大利亚及太平洋三大板块的交汇地带,其盆地形成与演化受控于洋、陆板块的相互作用,区域构造背景对盆地形成和演化起到了重要的作用,并由此导致了中国近海盆地显著的分段性和差异性演化特征。渤海海域、北黄海至南黄海盆地属于陆内裂陷型盆地;东海海域为活动大陆边缘弧后裂陷型盆地;珠江口盆地和琼东南盆地为被动大陆边缘型盆地;莺歌海海域为转换大陆边缘型盆地。受此影响,油气分布有明显的分段分区性,渤海—南黄海陆内盆地以成油为主,东海弧后盆地以成气为主,南海北部大陆边缘北部成油、南部成气,莺歌海转换盆地以成气为主。中国近海未来的找油领域主要在渤海、珠江口盆地北部和北部湾盆地;找气领域主要在东海盆地、南海北部深水区和莺歌海盆地6大领域。 相似文献
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兰坪中新生代沉积盆地演化 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
兰坪中新生代沉积盆地形成和演化与金沙江洋的俯消减及洋陆转换过程密切相关,记录了其盆－山转换过程,早二叠世晚期－晚二叠世时期,由于金沙江洋的俯冲消减,形成了金沙江弧－盆系的空间配置,兰坪地区成为弧后盆地,早中三叠世,金沙江弧－盆系及东西两侧的昌都－兰坪陆块和中咱－中甸陆块的构造沉积式样发生大的转米,开始了兰坪中新生代盆－山转换历史,由于弧陆碰撞作用,使得兰坪分国地由弧后盆地转化成弧后前陆舅地,盆地中 相似文献
10.
西藏羌塘盆地的构造沉积特征及演化 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
西藏羌塘盆地是特提斯构造域内晚古生代—中生代海相复合盆地。经历了晚古生代板块构造演化阶段、中生代板块构造演化阶段和新生代抬升剥蚀阶段 ,形成了晚古生代大陆边缘盆地、中生代南羌塘被动大陆边缘和北羌塘弧后盆地以及晚侏罗世之后的构造地貌盆地。受多期构造运动作用 ,盆地从北向南形成了北缘冲褶带、北羌塘变形带、中央碰撞隆起带、南羌塘变形带和南缘冲断带五个构造单元。变形由坳陷边缘到中心逐渐减弱 ,侏罗山式褶皱样式 ,反映出盖层浅层滑脱的变形特征 相似文献
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中国近海海域发育了渤海湾、东海和南海等10多个新生代富油气沉积盆地,其发育演化过程及动力学背景的异同需要在统一的研究思路和方法下进行系统的总结.以海域盆地油气勘探开发中积累的丰富的地质地球物理资料为基础,详细解释和分析了渤海、东海和南海三大海域新生代盆地的构造地层格架,进一步明确了渤海湾盆地斜向拉分盆地的演化阶段,证实了区域走滑断裂体系对盆地发育的重要控制作用;在东海陆架盆地划分出弧后前陆盆地的演化阶段,认识到区域挤压作用对该盆地的演化过程的重要性;在南海北部深水区发现了大型拆离断层及其所控制的拆离盆地,提出大型拆离断层作用是地壳薄化、地幔剥露和陆缘深水盆地形成演化的主要机制.研究揭示出中国近海海域盆地新生代期间在经历了古新世-中始新世期间分布全区的均一断陷作用之后,从晚始新世开始进入到区域构造的差异性演化阶段,其中渤海湾盆地进入斜向走滑拉分阶段,并持续到渐新世末期,随后是中新世的热沉降和上新世以来的加速沉降过程;东海陆架盆地则进入长期的弧后前陆盆地演化阶段,直到上新世开始才进入区域性的沉降过程;而南海则持续伸展形成深水拆离盆地,并最终在渐新世初期（32 Ma）发生岩石圈裂解,南海洋盆开始扩张,陆缘则进入被动大陆边缘演化阶段.区域板块运动学分析表明,晚始新世发生的全球板块运动重组事件导致了中国近海海域盆地构造的差异性演化.该事件发生之前,中国东部处于欧亚板块和太平洋板块相互作用构建的"双板块"动力体制之下,太平洋板块的俯冲后退作用导致了陆缘弧后伸展,形成了广布中国东部大陆边缘的盆岭式断陷盆地系.该事件之后,中国大陆处于印度板块、欧亚板块、太平洋板块和菲律宾海板块等构建的"多板块体制"之下,印度-欧亚大陆的碰撞、太平洋板块俯冲方向的转变、古南海的俯冲碰撞、菲律宾海板块的楔入及其与太平洋板块向西运移俯冲等产生了更为复杂的板块运动过程和多期次的运动重组事件导致了中国海域盆地成因类型的多样性和构造演化过程的差异性.海域盆地是我国重要的油气生产基地,本文的研究不仅进一步深化了中国海域盆地的形成演化过程和动力机制的认识,而且对于该区的油气勘探和开发也具有重要的实际应用价值. 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地类型及其形成的动力学环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东海陆架盆地位于欧亚板块东南缘,处于华南陆块(包括西部的扬子地块和东部的华夏地块)之上.其基底是华夏地块在东海陆架的延伸,也是西太平洋大陆边缘构造域的重要组成部分.从全球板块构造格局分析,东海陆架盆地处于西太平洋三角带区域,是印度-澳大利亚板块和太平洋板块与欧亚板块巨型汇聚的地带,也是全球汇聚中心,其东西两侧分别与特提斯和西太平洋构造域演化息息相关.总体来说,东海陆架盆地是“欧亚板块与太平洋板块之间的碰撞、俯冲、弧后扩张,印度-澳大利亚板块与欧亚板块之间的汇聚、碰撞、楔入的远程效应,以及地球深部动力学作用”共同叠加、复合作用形成的弧后盆地.其形成机制符合被动扩张模式,向东的地幔流和软流圈下降流是导致弧后扩张的主要地球深部动力来源. 相似文献
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Tectonic migration is a common geological process of basin formation and evolution. However, little is known about tectonic migration in the western Pacific margins. This paper focuses on the representative Cenozoic basins of East China and its surrounding seas in the western Pacific domain to discuss the phenomenon of tectonic jumping in Cenozoic basins, based on structural data from the Bohai Bay Basin, the South Yellow Sea Basin, the East China Sea Shelf Basin, and the South China Sea Continental Shelf Basin. The western Pacific active continental margin is the eastern margin of a global convergent system involving the Eurasian Plate, the Pacific Plate, and the Indian Plate. Under the combined effects of the India-Eurasia collision and retrogressive or roll-back subduction of the Pacific Plate, the western Pacific active continental margin had a wide basin-arc-trench system which migrated or ‘jumped’ eastward and further oceanward. This migration and jumping is characterized by progressive eastward younging of faulting, sedimentation, and subsidence within the basins. Owing to the tectonic migration, the geological conditions associated with hydrocarbon and gashydrate accumulation in the Cenozoic basins of East China and its adjacent seas also become progressively younger from west to east, showing eastward younging in the generation time of reservoirs, seals, traps, accumulations and preservation of hydrocarbon and gashydrate. Such a spatio-temporal distribution of Cenozoic hydrocarbon and gashydrate is significant for the oil, gas and gashydrate exploration in the East Asian Continental Margin. Finally, this study discusses the mechanism of Cenozoic intrabasinal and interbasinal tectonic migration in terms of interplate, intraplate and underplating processes. The migration or jumping regimes of three separate or interrelated events: (1) tectonism-magmatism, (2) basin formation, and (3) hydrocarbon-gashydrate accumulation are the combined effects of the Late Mesozoic extrusion tectonics, the Cenozoic NW-directed crustal extension, and the regional far-field eastward flow of the western asthenosphere due to the India-Eurasia plate collision, accompanied by eastward jumping and roll-back of subduction zones of the Pacific Plate. 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地位于欧亚板块的东南缘和西太平洋活动大陆边缘,本文选取了东海陆架盆地主要凹陷的17条地震剖面,采用平衡剖面技术,计算了主要凹陷新生代不同演化阶段的伸展率和压缩率。分析表明,东海陆架盆地构造演化总体由西向东跃迁。晚白垩世至晚古新世东海陆架盆地裂陷中心在西部坳陷带,始新世东迁至东部坳陷带,上新世东迁至东海陆架盆地东侧的冲绳海槽盆地。古新世中后期东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带北侧昆山凹陷反转;中新世东部坳陷带的西湖凹陷反转。东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带与东部坳陷带构造演化不同,证明了东海陆架盆地的东西分带。西部坳陷带北部的长江坳陷和南部的台北坳陷构造演化不同,东部坳陷带北部的西湖凹陷和南部的钓北凹陷构造演化不同,证明了东海陆架盆地的南北分块。 相似文献
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东亚及其大陆边缘新生代构造迁移与盆地演化 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
构造迁移是盆地发展演化过程中十分普遍的地质现象,但西太平洋地区相关研究程度较低,本文基于近10年来对中国东部海域渤海湾盆地、南黄海盆地、东海陆架盆地和南海盆地等所开展的大量研究工作,并综合前人研究成果,对西太平洋地区中最具有代表性的中国东部及邻近海域的新生代构造迁移特征进行了系统讨论.西太平洋活动大陆边缘位于欧亚、太平洋和印度三大板块的交汇处,占据了全球板块汇聚中心的独特位置,并同时受到印度板块的挤入、太平洋板块的后退式俯冲、台湾造山带的楔入的联合作用,自新生代以来,形成了宽阔的自西向东后退式的沟弧盆体系.中国东部及邻区作为西太平活动大陆边缘的重要组成部分,在这个大地构造背景下,新生代的构造特征总体也表现出自西向东的迁移规律,具体表现在盆地的断裂活动性、沉积作用、断陷的萎缩与消亡等自西向东变新逐步演化,新生代的生、储、盖、圈、运、保六大油气成藏要素也表现出西早东晚、自西向东迁移的特征.这种成藏规律的识别对于中国东部油气、天然气水合物勘探具有非常重要的指导意义.最后,从板缘、板内和板下过程和机制,探讨了盆内和盆间的新生代构造迁移机制,这种构造-岩浆-成盆-成藏等的向洋变新迁移和跃迁是晚中生代以来挤出构造和新生代北西向壳内伸展、印度和欧亚板块碰撞诱发的软流圈向东流动的远程效应及太平洋俯冲带的跃迁式东撤的联合效应. 相似文献
16.
Y. H. Suo S. Z. Li S. J. Zhao I. D. Somerville S. Yu L. M. Dai L. Q. Xu X. Z. Cao P. C. Wang 《Geological Journal》2015,50(2):139-156
The East China Sea basins, located in the West Pacific Continental Margin (WPCM) since the late Mesozoic, mainly include the East China Sea Shelf Basin (ECSSB) and the Okinawa Trough (OT). The WPCM and its adjacent seas can be tectonically divided into five units from west to east, including the Min‐Zhe Uplift, ECSSB, the Taiwan–Sinzi Belt, OT, and the Ryukyu Island Arc, which record regional tectonic evolution and geodynamics. Among those tectonic units, the ECSSB and the OT are important composite sedimentary pull‐apart basins, which experienced two stages of strike‐slip pull‐apart processes. In seismic profiles, the ECSSB and the OT show a double‐layer architecture with an upper half‐graben overlapping on a lower graben. In planar view, the ECSSB and the OT are characterized by faulted blocks from south to north in the early Cenozoic and by a zonation from west to east in the late Cenozoic. The faulted blocks with planar zonation and two‐layer vertical architecture entirely jumped eastward from the Min‐Zhe Uplift to the OT during the late Cenozoic. In addition, the whole palaeogeomorphology of the ECSSB changed notably, from pre‐Cenozoic highland or mountain into a Late Eocene continental margin with east‐tilting topography caused by the eastward tectonic jumping. The OT opened to develop into a back‐arc basin until the Miocene. Synthetic surface geological studies in the China mainland reveal that the Mesozoic tectonic setting of the WPCM is an Andean‐type continental margin developing many sinistral strike‐slip faults and pull‐apart basins and the Cenozoic tectonic setting of the WPCM is a Japanese‐type continental margin developing dextral strike‐slip faults and pull‐apart basins. Thus, the WPCM underwent a transition from Andean‐type to Japanese‐type continental margins at about 80 Ma (Late Cretaceous) and a transition in topography from a Mesozoic highland to a Cenozoic lowland, and then to below sea‐level basins. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
东海陆架盆地是位于中国大陆东部边缘大陆地壳之上的边缘海盆地。盆地新生代构造演化经历了断陷(初始沉降)和坳陷(热控沉降)两个阶段。本文利用钻井及地震反射剖面资料,通过钻井古地层剥蚀量和剥蚀时间的恢复,应用Mckenzie(1978)的均一拉伸模式和Sclater(1985)的双层拉伸模式对陆架盆地,主要是浙东坳陷的西湖凹陷进行了基底沉降和地壳岩石圈扩张率的定量估算。计算结果表明东海陆架盆地沉降速率早期较快,后期变慢。西湖凹陷新生代以来地壳岩石圈扩张率,在凹陷北部(D800测线)为40%-50%,中部(D688测线)为100%-140%,南部(G455测线)为60%-120%。 相似文献
18.
The East China Sea Shelf Basin is an important oil- and gas-bearing basin in the West Pacific continental margin. This region was affected by subduction of the Pacific Plate and the Philippine Plate in Cenozoic and experienced multi-stage tectonic inversions. This paper presents results from a numerical simulation by finite element method to the Xihu Sag in the East China Sea Shelf Basin and neighboring areas in an attempt to evaluate the WNW-directed compression on the sag during Late Miocene. Based on comprehensive structural analysis of a large number of seismic profiles, we determine the structural geometry of the sag, including the basement of the basin, the sedimentary cover, and 29 major faults in the Xihu Sag. Simulation results show that under continuous WNW-directed compression, tectonic inversion occurred firstly in the Longjing and Yuquan tectonic zones in the sag. Based on quantitative analysis of vertical displacement field of the Xihu Sag and peripheral areas and its stress intensity evolution, we identify a compressional regime in the Longjing Anticline Zone with a gradually propagated uplifting from south to north; whereas the propagation of uplifting in the Yuquan Anticline Zone is from north to south. The inversion intensity decreases from north to south. The formation of the tectonic inversion zone in the Xihu Sag is not only correlated to the direction of compression and fault patterns in the basin, but also closely related to the spatial configuration of fault surfaces of the Xihu–Jilong Fault in the Xihu Sag. 相似文献
19.
南海北部陆缘位于大华南地块洋陆过渡带南段的关键核心段落,曾处于特提斯洋构造域与（古）太平洋构造域交接地带,是印度洋构造动力系统与太平洋构造动力系统波及的共同地区。然而,以往研究和勘探程度较低,特提斯构造域与太平洋构造域交接转换区域的大地构造背景、过程、机制始终不够明确。基于南海北部陆缘地震剖面,不仅关注该区新生代盆地结构构造,以服务该区油气精准勘探,并且试图以此解剖、揭示该区中生代基底结构特征,进而探索新生代南海海盆打开、扩张、停滞到消亡过程的前生今世。对珠江口盆地地震剖面解析和华南陆缘野外构造研究表明:华南地块洋陆过渡带先后经历了中生代印支期碰撞造山、燕山早期增生造山、燕山晚期压扭造山三个过程;随后进入新生代,又经历了早期北东东—南西西走向正断层主控下的弥散性裂解成盆、中期北东—北北东走向张扭断裂主控下的右行走滑拉分成盆、晚期北西—北西西向张扭断裂主控下的左行走滑拉分成盆三期伸展构造叠加。总体上,该区特提斯洋构造体系向太平洋构造体系的转换过程经历了四个阶段:古特提斯洋构造体系向新特提斯洋构造体系转换、新特提斯洋构造体系向古太平洋构造体系转换、新特提斯洋构造体系向太平洋构造体系转换及古太平洋构造体系向太平洋构造体系的转换。东亚洋陆过渡带的构造转换折射出地球深浅部动力系统驱动“东亚大汇聚”的长期机制,即东南亚环形俯冲驱动体系、太平洋LLSVP和非洲LLSVP的深部动力系统（统称为海底“三极”）的重要性,其中,东南亚环形俯冲驱动体系是地球板块运动的重要动力引擎之一。 相似文献
20.
To reveal the causes of differences in the hydrocarbon accumulation in continental marginal basins in the centralsouthern South China Sea,we used gravity-magnetic,seismic,drilling,and outcrop data to investigate the tectonic histories of the basins and explore how these tectonic events controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in these basins.During the subduction of the Cenozoic proto-South China Sea and the expansion of the new South China Sea,the continental margin basins in the central-southern South China Sea could be classified as one of three types of epicontinental basins:southern extensional-foreland basins,western extensional-strike slip basins,and central extensional-drift basins.Because these basins have different tectonic and sedimentary histories,they also differ in their accumulated hydrocarbon resources.During the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the southern South China Sea generally progressed through three stages:faulting and subsidence from the late Eocene to the early Miocene,inversion and uplift in the middle Miocene,and subsidence since the late Miocene.Hydrocarbon source rocks with marine-continental transitional facies dominated byⅡ-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in extremely thick Miocene sedimentary series with the filling characteristics being mainly deep-water deposits in the early stage and shallow water deposits in the late stage.With well-developed sandstone and carbonate reservoirs,this stratum has a strong hydrocarbon generation potential.During the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the western South China Sea also progressed through the three developmental stages discussed previously.Hydrocarbon source rocks with lacustrine facies,marine-continental transitional facies,and terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅡ2-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in the relatively thick stratum with the filling characteristics being mainly lacustrine deposits in the early stage and marine deposits in the late stage.As a reservoir comprised of self-generated and self-stored sandstone,this unit also has a high hydrocarbon generation potential.Throughout those same three developmental stages,the basin groups in the central South China Sea generated hydrocarbon source rocks with terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅢkerogen that have developed in a stratum with medium thicknesses with the filling characteristics being mainly sandstone in the early stage and carbonate in the late stage.This reservoir,which is dominated by lower-generation and upper-storage carbonate rocks,also has a high hydrocarbon generation potential. 相似文献