共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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芳基双希夫碱在低温稠油水热催化裂解中的室内研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
研制了一种低温水热催化裂解降黏剂--芳基双希夫碱,并用该降黏剂对南阳油田的稠油进行了室内试验.在反应温度为200°C,催化剂质量分数为0.08%,pH值为12的条件下,原油的降黏率达到91.34%.用棒色谱对反应前后的族组成进行了测定,发现反应后重质组分有所减少;采用气相色谱对反应前后饱和烃变化的测定结果表明,反应后饱和烃增多;用红外光谱对反应前后胶质、沥青质的结构进行了测定,反应后稠油重质组分的结构发生了变化,导致稠油黏度降低,在一定程度上改变了稠油的品质. 相似文献
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中东YD油田为海相碳酸盐岩地层,Kazh地层分布着活跃的非均质沥青质稠油,高压并含有酸性气体,为非目的层,需要钻穿并封隔该层后对下部产层进行开发。由于沥青质稠油层分布不均,孔隙压力不确定,对钻井工程造成了极大的挑战。在一期施工中,3口井由于沥青质稠油的侵入被迫工程弃井,未能实现工程目的。针对此世界性难点问题,开展了沥青质稠油侵入机理实验研究、固化剂研制、控压钻井技术应用等一系列配套工艺技术研究,提出了复杂沥青质稠油层安全钻井技术对策,现场应用取得较好的效果。 相似文献
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稠油微生物开采在新疆油田的现场应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了提高原油采收率,提高稠油油藏开发效益,与新疆油田合作开展了稠油微生物开采的现场试验.试验优选了混源采油菌组合,采用单井吞吐的生产方式,分两批对21口稠油开发井进行了微生物开采现场试验.经采油菌作用,作业区的稠油粘度大幅度降低,在停止注蒸汽的情况下,大多数试验井都能达到经济产能,试验得到了较高的投资回报率.结果表明,所选用的采油菌组合对胶质、沥青质含量高的稠油作用效果显著,所以说稠油微生物开采技术值得在新疆油田的稠油开发中推广应用. 相似文献
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本文运用热解技术对采自准噶尔盆地风城地区6个重度生物降解稠油进行沥青质热解实验。通过分析沥青质热解产物中生物标志化合物组成和单体正构烷烃碳同位素组成,探索其在降解稠油油源研究中的应用。研究结果显示,沥青质热解产物中生物标志化合物组成特征易受热解温度的影响,指示母质沉积水体环境的参数 Pr/Ph比值随热解温度升高逐渐增大,在较高的温度下,高碳数、高环数的生物标志化合物易裂解生成低碳数、低环数的化合物,导致C20三环萜烷/C30 藿烷和孕甾烷/αααC29R甾烷两个参数的比值随热解温度升高逐渐增大,表明利用沥青质热解产物生物标志化合物组成进行降解稠油油源判识易出现偏差。而沥青质热解产物单体正构烷烃碳同位素组成随热解温度升高并没有明显的变化, 6个降解稠油沥青质热解产物单体正构烷烃碳同位素分布曲线呈水平分布,与来自风城组烃源岩的典型原油基本相似,说明沥青质热解产物中单体烃碳同位素组成特征可用于重度降解稠油油源分析。另外,通过对比稠油与其沥青质热解产物中单体正构烷烃单体碳同位素组成差异,可用于研究多油源以及后期混入的问题。 相似文献
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松辽盆地西部斜坡带原油物性随着深度的增加逐渐变好,从盆地中心向盆地边缘原油的密度和粘度系统增加,并逐渐过渡为重质稠油。成分上受控于原油胶质的含量,而沥青质的影响不明显。文章通过地层水化学特征、天然气特殊组分(氮气)和流体动力场的综合分析有效地区分了不同区带稠油的形成机理,认为在超压过渡带之上(埋深<1000m)稠油成因以大气降水下渗所导致的水洗作用为主,伴随着生物降解作用和氧化作用;超压过渡带之下(埋藏深度>1350m)原油物性受控于生物降解作用;超压过渡带内降解和未降解稠油共存,暗示该带有可能存在物性良好的油气资源。因此,深入了解稠油稠化的原因对勘探实践具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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沥青质傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT IR)分析及其在有机地球化学研究中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
沥青质傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT－IR）分析可以反映出其分子结构上的特征，红外吸收因子Z[I(1380cm^-1)/I(720cm^-1）]能指示不同来源沥青质的母质类型；吸收因子Y[I(1600cm^-1)/I(1450cm^-1)]可以较好地讨论沥青质的成熟度演化状况；沥青质的红外研究认为，所有的沥青质都具有较好的再生烃潜力，其中Ⅲ型母质来源的沥青质具有较好的再生气潜力。而Ⅰ和Ⅱ型母质来源的沥青质具有高的再生油潜力。 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地乌夏地区稠油油藏主要分布在乌夏断裂带附近及上盘构造高部位.通过对稠油物理及地球化学性质分析,发现该区稠油具高密度、高粘度、高酸值、低蜡、低硫特点,正构烷烃损失严重,胡萝卜烷缺失,藿烷、甾烷和重排甾烷等都有不同程度损失,三环萜烷、妊甾烷和高妊甾烷含量高,非烃+沥青质含量低.结合正常原油、稠油和油砂在平面和剖面上分布特征,认为乌夏地区稠油是次生成因.次生蚀变作用主要包括生物降解作用、氧化作用、水洗作用和扩散作用等,其中以生物降解作用和氧化作用为主.建立了稠油成藏模式,为预测该区稠油油藏分布提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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塔里木轮南地区原油沥青质的分子结构及其初步应用:热解、甲基化-热解和RICO研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
利用瞬间热解、甲基化-热解和钌离子催化氧化(RICO)降解技术研究了塔里木盆地轮南地区原油沥青质的分子结构,并对其在石油地球化学研究中的指示意义进行了讨论.轮南地区原油沥青质分子中的取代官能团以烷基侧链为主,烷基桥次之,另外还有少量的烷基-环己烷、支链烷烃和苯系物,这些化合物可能大都以C-C键结合到缩合芳环体系上;沥青质分子中的芳环体系大多数可能是萘或菲类型的芳香结构,高度缩合的芳香结构可能较少.轮南地区不同构造带原油沥青质热解产物的一致性指示它们可能来自沉积环境相同的母源.沥青质的分子结构表明,其母源可能主要来自浮游藻类的类脂物.热解产物中较高含量的1,2,3,4-四甲基-苯和2,6-二甲基、2,6,10-三甲基烷烃类化合物的检出表明其母质可能形成于较强的还原环境.沥青质热解产物中姥鲛-1-烯的相对含量较低,RICO产物中一元脂肪酸远高于二元脂肪酸,指示该区原油具有较高的成熟度.部分脂肪酸类化合物通过酯键连接在沥青质分子中,可能反映了原油在储层中经历了生物降解等后生作用. 相似文献
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Based on the experimentally measured parameters of elemental composition, average molecular masses, and PRM spectrometry data, we calculated the average structural parameters of resin and asphaltene molecules in Paleozoic crude oil of some oilfields in the Timan–Pechora petroliferous basin. The values of the structural parameters of cyclic and aliphatic fragments in the molecules of resin–asphaltene components of the crudes studied here are within the ranges established earlier for high-molecular compounds of crudes from other petroliferous basins. The average structural-group characteristics of resins in crudes from carbonate reservoirs vary over narrow ranges of values independently of the age and depth of occurrence of the reservoir. The resinous fractions of crudes from terrigenous horizons show symbatic enrichment with paraffin fragments and depletion with naphthene fragments of molecules with depth. This points to the presence of a paragenesis of petroleum hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds in the Earth’s interior. 相似文献
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组织坏死后矿（钙）化是甲状腺癌病灶中普遍存在的钙化形式之一,与病变关系密切。利用光学显微镜、环境扫描电镜、高分辨透射电镜及显微红外光谱研究了6例甲状腺乳头状癌中的组织坏死后矿化特征。结果表明,组织坏死后矿化往往发生在胶原纤维丰富的位置,与胶原关系密切。矿化表现出2种形态,矿（钙）化灶内为较为致密的隐晶集合体,其表面及其附近的胶原上沉淀有许多微米级矿化小球,离矿化灶较远的胶原纤维上也散布有矿化小球。一些矿化小球边缘还发育絮状矿化物质,使之形成绒球状外貌。矿化物质结晶程度均较差,由纳米多晶组成。钙化灶中央较致密部分的n（Ca）/n（P）比较高,接近羟基磷灰石的理论比值,而其边缘以及矿化小球的n（Ca）/n（P）比均较低,可能含有磷酸八钙等低n（Ca）/n（P）磷酸钙系列矿物。矿化初期形成纳米多晶组成的微米级矿化小球,矿化小球逐渐聚集形成大面积的矿化灶。 相似文献
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The sulfur, paraffin, resin and asphaltene contents of some 6570 Cenozoic, Mesozoic and Paleozoic Eurasian oils were analysed statistically in terms of reservoir age and depth. The database includes all principal oil-bearing basins from 60 Eurasian countries. The results of the studies of the relationships between the distribution of oils with different sulfur, paraffin, resin and asphaltene contents and the reservoir age and depth are presented. Predictive trends are established allowing polynomial predictions of average properties. 相似文献
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Sk. Md. Equeenuddin S. Tripathy P. K. Sahoo M. K. Panigrahi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(4):723-731
The deposition of ochreous is common by a consequence of acid mine drainage (AMD). The ochreous precipitated from the AMD
sites around Tertiary coalfield of Assam, India were collected and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fe to S molar
ratio, ammonium oxalate acid (pH 3.0) extraction, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning
electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The ochreous mainly
consists of goethite, schwertmannite, ferrihydrite and jarosite. Mineralogy of ochreous was controlled by the pH whereas formation
of ferrihydrite was favored at high organic carbon content. Role of bacteria for the formation of secondary minerals was observed.
Mobility of metals was controlled by the ochreous, and they were also retained during the process of phase transformation
of poorly ordered iron-oxyhydroxysulfates into the stable forms. 相似文献
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为了查明地气微粒特征与隐伏矿体的关系,对贵州关岭丙坝铜矿床进行地气微粒采样,并用透射电子显微镜进行分析。研究结果表明:地气微粒存在形式有微粒聚合体和单个微粒,以微粒聚合体为主。单个微粒形态各异,有球状、板状、立方状、椭球状、条状、不规则状等,粒度一般在几纳米到300nm之间;微粒聚合体多呈链状、浑圆状、不规则状。微粒的元素组成与地下隐伏矿体具有较好的相关性,且发现较多微粒中含有高浓度的Fe、Mn、Pb、Zn等元素,这无疑对该矿区今后的地质找矿具有指导意义。此外,通过对比不同矿床的地气微粒特征,发现矿床类型不同,微粒的种类、成分、形态等特征有差异,但相同类型的矿床却具有较大相似性。矿床地气微粒特征与地下隐伏矿床具有较好相关性,在相似地质环境下形成的矿床微粒元素组成、大小大体上具有相似性,但其间的微粒组合、形态等仍会存在一定的差异性。因此,可以通过对隐伏金属矿床地气微粒特征的研究,建立不同矿床类型地气微粒特征模型。 相似文献
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上海市区浅层土粘土矿物、微结构与地面沉降 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文从微观角度出发,以X—光衍射为主,配合差热、红外光谱、透射电镜和扫描电镜手段,对上海市区浅层粘性土进行了岩矿鉴定和微结构分析,探讨了粘土矿物、微结构与地面沉降的关系。 相似文献
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Uniform and dispersed halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were obtained using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to disperse the halloysite suspension. The dispersed HNTs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectrometry, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry and zeta potential. The results indicated that SDS was adsorbed and scattered on the HNTs, which could enhance the stability and dispersibility of suspension by the electrostatic effect. The zeta potential of dispersed HNTs became larger than that of the raw within the pH ranging from 2.5 to 11.9, which reached ?31 mV at pH around 8 when the concentration of SDS was 1.22 g/L. The diameter of dispersed HNTs ranged from 0.6 to 1.2 μm. A corresponding dispersive mechanism was investigated. 相似文献
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Introducing a Novel Approach for Oil-Oil Correlation based on Asphaltene Structure:X-ray Diffraction
Zahra SADEGHTABAGHI Ahmad Reza RABBANI Abdolhossein HEMMATI-SARAPARDEH 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(6):2100-2119
Asphaltenes have always been an attractive subject for researchers. However, the application of this fraction of the geochemical field has only been studied in a limited way. In other words, despite many studies on asphaltene structure, the application of asphaltene structures in organic geochemistry has not so far been assessed. Oil-oil correlation is a well-known concept in geochemical studies and plays a vital role in basin modeling and the reconstruction of the burial history of basin sediments, as well as accurate characterization of the relevant petroleum system. This study aims to propose the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique as a novel method for oil-oil correlation and investigate its reliability and accuracy for different crude oils. To this end, 13 crude oil samples from the Iranian sector of the Persian Gulf region, which had previously been correlated by traditional geochemical tools such as biomarker ratios and isotope values, in four distinct genetic groups, were selected and their asphaltene fractions analyzed by two prevalent methods of XRD and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For oil-oil correlation assessment, various cross-plots, as well as principal component analysis (PCA), were conducted, based on the structural parameters of the studied asphaltenes. The results indicate that asphaltene structural parameters can also be used for oil-oil correlation purposes, their results being completely in accord with the previous classifications. The average values of distance between saturated portions (dr) and the distance between two aromatic layers (dm) of asphaltene molecules belonging to the studied oil samples are 4.69? and 3.54?, respectively. Furthermore, the average diameter of the aromatic sheets (La), the height of the clusters (Lc), the number of carbons per aromatic unit (Cau), the number of aromatic rings per layer (Ra), the number of sheets in the cluster (Me) and aromaticity (fa) values of these asphaltene samples are 10.09?, 34.04?, 17.42?, 3.78?, 10.61? and 0.26?, respectively. The results of XRD parameters indicate that plots of dr vs. dm, dr vs. Me, dr vs. fa, dm vs. Lc, Lc vs. La, and fa vs. La perform appropriately for distinguishing genetic groups. A comparison between XRD and FTIR results indicated that the XRD method is more accurate for this purpose. In addition, decision tree classification, one of the most efficacious approaches of machine learning, was employed for the geochemical groups of this study for the first time. This tree, which was constructed using XRD data, can distinguish genetic groups accurately and can also determine the characteristics of each geochemical group. In conclusion, the obtaining of structural parameters for asphaltene by the XRD technique is a novel, precise and inexpensive method, which can be deployed as a new approach for oil-oil correlation goals. The findings of this study can help in the prompt determination of genetic groups as a screening method and can also be useful for assessing oil samples affected by secondary processes. 相似文献