共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 843 毫秒
1.
Stratigraphy of the Triassic?Jurassic Boundary Successions of the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin, Northwestern China 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
SHA Jingeng Vivi VAJDA PAN Yanhong Linda LARSSON YAO Xiaogang ZHANG Xiaolin WANG Yaqiong CHENG Xiansheng JIANG Baoyu DENG Shenghui CHEN Siwei PENG Bo 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(2):421-436
The Triassic?Jurassic (Tr?J) boundary marks a major extinction event, which (~200 Ma) resulted in global extinctions of fauna and flora both in the marine and terrestrial realms. There prevail great challenges in determining the exact location of the terrestrial Tr?J boundary, because of endemism of taxa and the scarcity of fossils in terrestrial settings leading to difficulties in linking marine and terrestrial sedimentary successions. Investigation based on palynology and bivalves has been carried out over a 1113 m thick section, which is subdivided into 132 beds, along the Haojiagou valley on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin of the northern Xinjiang, northwestern China. The terrestrial Lower Jurassic is conformably resting on the Upper Triassic strata. The Upper Triassic covers the Huangshanjie Formation overlaid by the Haojiagou Formation, while the Lower Jurassic comprises the Badaowan Formation followed by the Sangonghe Formation. Fifty six pollen and spore taxa and one algal taxon were identified from the sediments. Based on the key-species and abundance of spores and pollen, three zones were erected: the Late Triassic (Rhaetian) Aratrisporites?Alisporites Assemblage, the Early Jurassic (Hettangian) Perinopollenites?Pinuspollenites Assemblage, and the Sinemurian Perinopollenites?Cycadopites Assemblage. The Tr?J boundary is placed between bed 44 and 45 coincident with the boundary between the Haojiagou and Badaowan formations. Beds with Ferganoconcha (?), Unio?Ferganoconcha and Waagenoperna?Yananoconcha bivalve assemblages are recognized. The Ferganoconcha (?) bed is limited to the upper Haojiagou Formation, Unio?Ferganoconcha and Waagenoperna?Yananoconcha assemblages are present in the middle and upper members of the Badaowan Formation. The sedimentary succession is interpreted as terrestrial with two mainly lake deposit intervals within Haojiagou and Badaowan formations, yielding fresh water algae and bivalves. However, the presence of brackish water algae Tasmanites and the marine?littoral facies bivalve Waagenoperna from the Badaowan Formation indicate that the Junggar Basin was influenced by sea water caused by transgressions from the northern Tethys, during the Sinemurian. 相似文献
2.
准噶尔盆地南缘二叠—三叠纪原型盆地性质与沉积环境演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
准噶尔盆地南缘(简称"准南")二叠—三叠纪原型盆地性质与沉积环境演化一直以来备受争议。通过准南6个地层小区18条典型剖面野外实测、岩相和沉积环境分析以及区域地层对比,认为准南西部(88°E以西)和准南东部(88°E以东)二叠—三叠纪在岩石组合、地层序列、沉积特征和沉积环境等方面存在差异:准南西部以碎屑岩、火山岩和火山碎屑岩组合为特征;准南东部以碳酸盐岩、火山岩和碎屑岩组合为特征。准南西部早—中二叠世地层普遍缺失或被埋藏,晚二叠世—早三叠世为陆相冲积扇—扇三角洲的粗碎屑岩沉积,中—晚三叠世发育滨浅湖相细碎屑岩。准南东部晚石炭世发育深水浊流,早—中二叠世以滨浅海相细碎屑岩为主,中二叠世后期以芦草沟组潟湖相油页岩和碳酸盐岩发育为特征;晚二叠世,普遍进入河湖相演化阶段,以细至粗碎屑岩为主;中—晚三叠世发生湖泛,主要发育三角洲和滨浅湖相碎屑岩。研究表明,准南及邻区二叠—三叠纪为裂谷盆地,经历了断陷—坳陷沉积演化阶段,准南西部和东部伸展程度的差异性导致沉积特征的不同。 相似文献
3.
新生代挤压盆地是我国中-西部的重要油气勘探领域。根据挤压盆地的发育部位、盆地基底、充填层序、构造叠加和盆山耦合形式等条件,本文在我国中-西部识别出准(噶尔)西北缘型、四川盆地西缘型、柴(达木)北缘型和准(噶尔)南缘型等4种新生代挤压盆地,前两者发育海西晚期—印支期前陆盆地,后两者具有喜马拉雅造山期的再生前陆盆地特征。对准西北缘、四川盆地西缘、柴北缘和准南缘新生代挤压盆地的对比研究表明,它们在烃源岩、储盖组合等成藏条件上存在明显的差异,而晚期前陆发育对柴北缘型和准南缘型挤压盆地烃源岩演化具有明显的控制作用。在不同新生代挤压盆地典型油气藏解剖研究的基础上,认为燕山期及之前是准西北缘型和四川盆地西缘型挤压盆地主要的成藏期,喜马拉雅造山期则主要表现为准西北缘型挤压盆地的油气藏保存和四川盆地西缘型挤压盆地油气藏的调整和定型;喜马拉雅晚期是柴北缘型挤压盆地最主要的成藏期,而多期前陆盆地的准南缘型挤压盆地具有多期成藏的特征,但喜马拉雅晚期的油气成藏最为重要。 相似文献
4.
中国北方地区二叠纪岩相古地理 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
主要以实地踏勘和测量建立的87个标准剖面及529个辅助剖面为基础，通过对二叠系分布格局、岩石学特征、沉积构造特征、古气候、古生态、古环境等分析，来恢复中国北方地区二叠纪的古地理面貌。早二叠世：主要存在额尔古纳和佳木斯古陆，塔里木-敦煌-祁连-内蒙古古陆；海域主要分布在松辽海相区，华北残留海湾相区，柴西残留海湾相区和南准噶尔-吐哈-北山残留海湾相区；此外还有塔里木西部碳酸盐台地相区和准噶尔腹部河湖相区。中二叠世：早二叠世的古陆依然存在，但华北北部古陆范围明显缩小，而准噶尔南缘-吐哈地区已上升成为陆地；海域只局限在东北和南祁连地区，华北地区-北祁连地区大面积为河湖相发育区；塔里木盆地主要为陆相碎屑岩沉积；准噶尔地区发育河湖相沉积，北山残留海盆火山碎屑岩发育。晚二叠世：仅在南祁连地区有海相沉积，其他地区均为陆相沉积，东北地区陆相和湖泊相沉积占主导地位；华北地区-北祁连地区主体为河湖相沉积；塔里木盆地整体为河湖相沉积；准噶尔-吐哈盆地主体为河湖相沉积。 相似文献
5.
通过对准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系5条剖面的沉积特征对比,结合钻井资料和地震资料,确定了准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗纪盆地边界、沉积相演化及盆地格局。头屯河剖面和后峡剖面的沉积相对比及古流向测量表明二者在早、中侏罗世形成于同一沉积体系。在早、中侏罗世,沉积相逐渐从以辫状河-三角洲-湖泊相为主过渡到以河流相-湖泊相为主,沉积水体逐渐变浅;其中三工河组沉积时期盆地沉积范围达到最大,西山窑组沼泽相发育,车排子-莫索湾凸起自西山窑组沉积时期开始形成;早、中侏罗世的盆地边界至少位于后峡以南附近,此时不存在地理分割明显的天山山脉。晚侏罗世－早白垩世早期,沉积相从辫状河-滨浅湖相为主迅速演变为以辫状河-冲积扇相为主。在此期间盆地边界明显向北迁移,天山山脉明显隆升并造就天山南北沉积环境的巨大差异,博格达山构成盆地南缘的又一重要物源体系。 相似文献
6.
天山南北前陆冲断带具有较强的差异变形特征,滑脱层的差异对前陆冲断带变形特征及圈闭样式的影响较大,对于天山南北油气勘探具有重要意义。以地震资料解释为基础,通过断距测量、缩短量统计及平衡剖面复原等手段,对天山南北前陆冲断带构造变形差异进行研究,取得如下认识:(1)天山南北前陆冲断带滑脱层性质不同,库车前陆冲断带以古近系膏盐岩为滑脱层,分层变形特征显著;准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带深层断层多穿过滑脱层,分层性差;(2)天山南北前陆冲断带新生代构造变形差异明显,库车前陆冲断带在该时期的平均缩短率为12.1%,准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带的平均缩短率为9.93%,库车前陆冲断带的新生代变形强度比准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带更强;(3)受滑脱层差异的影响,库车前陆冲断带滑脱层上下平均断距总体大于准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带,且库车前陆冲断带的缩短量呈现“单段多峰”复杂的变化趋势,这是准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带没有的特点,表明库车前陆冲断带滑脱层塑性和分层能力比准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带强;(4)基于天山南北前陆冲断带断层活动和滑脱层差异的影响,准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带以岩性—构造的复合圈闭为主,而库车前陆冲断带以盐下大型构造圈闭为主,岩性—构造圈闭为辅。准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带深层和库车前陆冲断带的侏罗系—三叠系煤层、泥岩层等滑脱层控制的岩性—构造圈闭是未来油气勘探的有利目标。 相似文献
7.
准噶尔盆地南缘褶皱-冲断带变形特征及成因机制模拟 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
准噶尔盆地南缘褶皱-冲断带发育于北天山和博格达山北侧的准噶尔盆地南部的山前地区,构造变形具有明显的横向分带、纵向分段、垂向分层特征,其主控因素在于挤压应力的作用方式和滑脱层的空间分布规律。西段受北天山斜向挤压应力作用影响,发育北西西向四排雁列式褶皱-冲断带,构造变形样式为基底卷入式厚皮构造和盖层滑脱式薄皮构造,变形过程受侏罗系煤层和白垩系、古近系高塑性泥岩层等多滑脱层控制。滑脱层及其上覆岩层厚度决定变形的强度和应力向前传递的远近程度,厚度越大,褶皱变形强度越大。东段受博格达山正向楔冲挤压应力作用影响,发育近东西向向北凸出的弧形基底卷入式褶皱-冲断带,滑脱构造不发育。根据构造变形特征和相似理论,利用沙箱模拟实验分别对正向挤压和15°、30°、45°等斜向挤压平面变形进行了模拟,结果表明正向挤压和15°斜向挤压是形成东段和西段变形特征的主控应力条件,并设计了斜向和正向挤压组合边界平面模拟实验进行了验证,合理地解释了东、西段构造变形的差异。利用双滑脱层剖面模型实验对西段四排褶皱-冲断带的演化过程进行了模拟再现。 相似文献
8.
针对准噶尔盆地南缘古近系和新近系碎屑岩沉积体,运用野外露头宏观分析与岩心、薄片微观描述来 “定岩相和沉积相”;依据地震相的不同特点及相变的不同位置,刻画湖岸线演化,从而对沉积体“定边界”;根据重矿物组合特征及砂岩等厚图来“定主次物源”的方法,综合研究前陆盆地的沉积相特征。在此基础上,分析了准噶尔盆地南缘湖盆沉积格局与演变,认为准噶尔盆地南缘古近系紫泥泉子组沉积时期,湖平面较低,天山山前带发育4个规模较大的扇三角洲朵状体;至安集海河组沉积时期,湖平面上升,山前带扇三角洲发生退积,仅沉积3个规模变小的朵状体,霍尔果斯地区扇三角洲朵状体不发育。新近系沙湾组沉积时期,由于逆冲推覆构造作用,山前带地形高差大、坡度陡且气候干旱,随着湖平面的迅速下降,山前带发育更大规模进积型扇三角洲沉积。准噶尔盆地南缘古近系—新近系2个主要物源分别是中部东湾—吐谷鲁—玛纳斯背斜、西部西湖—独山子背斜;2个次要物源分别为东部呼图壁背斜和中西部霍尔果斯背斜,此4个物源流向是由南向北。北部卡因迪克地区则是来自前陆隆起区的重要物源。 相似文献
9.
准噶尔盆地南缘新生代地层时代研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对准噶尔盆地南缘金沟河剖面进行了磁性地层学研究,建立了该剖面精细的磁极性年代框架,并探讨了准噶尔盆地南缘新生代地层的年代。金沟河剖面出露的新生代地层厚约4160m,由老到新依次为安集海河组、沙湾组、塔西河组、独山子组和西域组。通过系统热退磁和剩磁测量,1285块样品获得特征剩磁,并由此建立该剖面自出露的安集海河组底部至西域组中部厚约3250m地层的磁极性柱。根据该剖面极性柱的变化特征和剖面中发现的两处脊椎动物化石,与2004年标准磁极性柱进行了对比。结果表明,金沟河剖面研究段地层的年代约为28.0—4.0Ma,其中安集海河组、沙湾组、塔西河组和独山子组的年代分别约为28.0—23.3Ma、23.3—17.5Ma、17.5—13.2Ma和13.2—6.0Ma,根据沉积速率外推得到的西域组的年代约为6.0—1.1Ma。与前人划分的准噶尔盆地南缘新生代地层的年代相比较,金沟河剖面磁性地层学确定的安集海河组、沙湾组和塔西河组的年代与前人的划分基本相符,而独山子组和西域组的年代则明显偏老。 相似文献
10.
本文通过地面地质调查和地震资料的构造解释,研究了准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形特点及变形主控因素。认为准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形具有南北分带、东西分段和上下分层的变形特点,构造样式为逆冲断层相关褶皱,包括断冲褶皱、断展褶皱、滑脱褶皱、断弯褶皱和断束褶皱。构造形成时间主要是在第四纪,其中喜马拉雅运动Ⅲ幕主要影响到变形后缘山前推举带的变形,早更新世末期的新构造运动使准噶尔盆地南缘全面变形,形成现今构造格局。研究证明,在构造变形中起决定作用的是侏罗系煤层,其分布范围决定了变形范围,其厚度决定了变形强度和应力向前传递的远近程度。 相似文献
11.
中国西北部含油气盆地具有四大类型有利油气成藏构造带,包括前陆带、中央隆起带、凹陷背斜带和斜坡构造带。前陆带还可分为前陆隆起带、前陆逆冲断裂带及前陆逆冲前锋带三个亚类。这些构造带控制了油气藏的形成与聚集,构成了在垂向上相互叠置、平面上复合连片,形成不同的复式油气聚集区。前陆带主要分布在塔里木盆地西南缘和北缘、准噶尔盆地西北缘和南缘、吐哈盆地北缘、酒泉盆地南缘以及柴达木盆地北缘;中央隆起带仅在塔里木、准噶尔两个盆地发育;凹陷背斜带的典型实例为塔里木盆地英吉苏凹陷中部的英南构造带,另外还包括塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷哈德逊东河砂岩不整合超覆尖灭带和准噶尔盆地漠区坳陷的莫西断鼻等;斜坡构造带以柴达木盆地红柳泉斜坡构造带为代表,它由地层不整合圈闭和地层超覆圈闭形成复合构造样式。 相似文献
12.
This paper presents the end Late Paleozoic tectonic stress field in the southern edge of Junggar Basin by interpreting stress-response structures(dykes,folds,faults with slickenside and conjugate joints).The direction of the maximum principal stress axes is interpreted to be NW—SE (about 325°),and the accommodated motion among plates is assigned as the driving force of this tectonic stress field.The average value of the stress index R’ is about 2.09,which indicates a variation from strike-slip to compressive tectonic stress regime in the study area during the end Late Paleozoic period.The reconstruction of the tectonic field in the southern edge of Junggar Basin provides insights into the tectonic deformation processes around the southern Junggar Basin and contributes to the further understanding of basin evolution and tectonic settings during the culmination of the Paleozoic. 相似文献
13.
本文通过分析准噶尔盆地南缘野外剖面、部分钻井岩心和天山内部野外剖面的碎屑重矿物及其组合特征,探讨了准噶尔盆地中-新生代物源体系和盆山格局的演化。准噶尔盆地南缘至少存在3个物源体系,各物源体系的重矿物组合、含量及其反映的物源属性均存在较大差异;其中,南部天山物源还存在东、西两部的差异。不同重矿物组合出现和不稳定重矿物的增加显示中-新生代存在3个构造活动相对活跃期,即晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期、晚白垩世和晚新生代。早-中侏罗世天山内部发育多个分隔的小型盆地,盆地南部边界至少位于后峡附近,不存在地理分隔明显的天山;晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期是天山隆升、盆山格局发生转变的时期,博格达山逐渐构成盆地南缘的又一重要物源;白垩纪—古近纪盆山格局变化不大,新近纪以来的强烈挤压构造背景使得天山山脉快速隆升,盆山格局发生重大改变。准噶尔盆地南缘中-新生代构造相对活跃期和盆山格局演变与欧亚板块南缘发生的构造事件具有良好的对应关系。 相似文献
14.
90 ka of the southern and northern Levantine Basin as evident from marine records and speleothems Ahuva Almogi-Labin Miryam Bar-Matthews Dan Shriki Elina Kolosovsky Martine Paterne Bettina Schilman Avner Ayalon Zeev Aizenshtat Alan Matthews 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2009,28(25-26):2882-2896
The influence of the northern Atlantic and tropical monsoonal systems, as recorded by the River Nile, on the climate variability of the southeastern Mediterranean was studied in two cores taken by the R/V Marion Dufresne: one core taken SE of Cyprus representing the northern Levantine Basin (core 9501, 980 m water depth) and the other located ˜380 km further south, represents the southeastern Levantine Basin in an area influenced by the River Nile plume (core 9509, 884 m water depth). The study was performed at relatively high resolution using several proxies: δ18O of Globigerinoides ruber, sediment characteristics and index colour parameters in core sections representing the last 86 ka. A low-resolution alkenone sea surface temperature record was also measured. The time frame in both cores was mostly constrained by ‘wiggle’ matching with the nearby well-dated δ18O and δ13C record of the Soreq Cave, which is mainly influenced by the eastern Mediterranean water vapor. The sedimentary record of the southern core is strongly influenced by the River Nile contribution throughout the last 86 ka, as evidenced by the higher sedimentation rates compared with the northern core (20 cm/ka vs. 5 cm/ka), continuously darker sediment colour, and higher TOC values (0.6–0.9 vs. 0.25 wt% not including sapropels). During sapropels S1 and S3, present in both cores, the influence of the River Nile became more widespread, reaching as far as Cyprus. Yet, the influence of the River Nile remained stronger in the south, as evident by the higher TOC values in the southern core throughout the entire 90 ka period and the longer duration of S1 in the southern core. An anomalous low δ18O interval that is not recorded in western Mediterranean occurred between 58 and 49 ka in the Levantine Basin and is more developed in the northern core. This period correlates with D-O interstadial 14 and maximum northern hemisphere insolation during the lastglacial cycle, suggesting that the warming mainly impacted the northern Levant.The Eastern Mediterranean Sea and land area was considerably warmer than the western Mediterranean throughout the LGM – Holocene transition, and the δ18OG. ruber drop of 4.5‰ is significantly greater than the 3‰ shift found for the western Mediterranean δ18OG. bulloides, both differences reflecting an increased continental effect from the western to eastern Mediterranean. Comparison between the marine and the land δ18O records suggests that the origin of rain over the land is composed of mixed signal from the southern and northern Levantine Basin. The study of Δδ18Osea–land variations demonstrates that various factors have influenced the sea–land relationship during the last 90 ka. The ‘amount effect’ has an important influence on rainfall δ18O during interglacial periods (particularly sapropel periods), whereas during glacial periods, increased land distances and elevation differences arising from decrease in sea level may have brought about decrease in δ18O of rainfall due to Rayleigh distillation processes. These influences were superimposed on those of sea surface water δ18O changes brought about by continental ice melting, and the strong effects felt in the southern Levantine Basin of the high River Nile input during periods of enhanced monsoonal activity. 相似文献
15.
不同沉积矿产的形成经常有不同的古气候背景。石油的生成与炎热气候关系密切。炎热气候和长期稳定的还原环境对油气的形成最有利。新疆北部早石炭世、早二叠世处于炎热气候条件下 ,克拉麦里以南的南准噶尔在晚石炭世也基本处于炎热气候条件下。早石炭世晚期北准噶尔、伊犁地区都有稳定的弱氧化环境下的碳酸盐沉积 ,早石炭世晚期—晚石炭世早期的准噶尔 ,晚石炭世—早二叠世早期准噶尔南缘、西北缘海相沉积都有深水宁静的还原环境。早二叠世晚期准噶尔南缘、东准噶尔、吐鲁番有深水湖泊。上述地区和层位对生油是有利的 相似文献
16.
准噶尔盆地南缘下组合储层是近年来油气勘探的热点,目前南缘下组合储层多处于高温高压条件,但是温压发育特征及成因机理尚不明确。本文基于大量油田钻井实测温度和压力数据,对该区现今地温梯度及温度、压力分布特征进行了系统研究,探讨了温压场分布的控制因素。研究表明,准噶尔盆地南缘地区现今地温梯度普遍在13.2℃/km~23.7℃/km之间,平均为18.2℃/km,地温梯度高值分布于齐古断褶带中部和阜康断裂带西部。大地热流介于26.4 mW/m2~46.0 mW/m2,平均值为36.1 mW/m2,属于准噶尔盆地内地温梯度及热流较低的地区,这主要受到盆地基底格局的控制。南缘西段卡因迪克地区压力系数以常压为主,位于四棵树凹陷的高探1井、独山1井和西湖1井下组合地层在6000 m左右开始发育强超压。南缘东段下组合层系均发育弱超压或强超压,自西向东压力系数逐渐增高。根据声波时差—有效应力关系反映南缘地区下组合地层除不均衡压实作用外,还存在横向构造挤压及有机质生烃的超压机制,喜马拉雅期较强的横向构造挤压是盆地南缘下组合发育异常高压的重要因素之一,有机质生烃是西山窑组—三工河组超压层形成的主要原因。 相似文献
17.
准噶尔盆地南缘山前带油气地质条件良好,但构造变形强烈、地震资料品质差且构造解释多解性强。通过南缘东段野外露头典型构造解析、“地质戴帽”、室内构造物理模拟实验、电法勘探中建场测深线的深度—电阻率反演剖面和地震资料解释,结合钻探结果,构建了南缘东段山前复杂带的构造—地层格架和叠瓦状冲断、多层次逆冲推覆的构造模型,探讨了山前复杂构造区低成像品质地震资料的构造解释模型建立的方法;明确逆冲断裂下盘的掩伏构造是下步勘探首选的目标类型。为南缘山前复杂构造带构造解释提供构造样式和断裂类型的参考,进一步为盆地南缘山前带的油气勘探和井位部署提供依据。该构造模型建立的方法在南缘西段山前复杂构造区的勘探目标评价中取得了良好的应用效果。 相似文献
18.
盆地内大面积砂体分布的一种成因机理--干旱气候下季节性河流沉积 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
我国西部新疆地区侏罗系-下白垩统大面积、厚层状砂岩油气勘探获得了重大发现, 大面积厚层状砂体及泥岩红层沉积的成因机理受到长期关注。结合现今准噶尔南缘多条季节性河流的沉积体系、砂体展布特征分析, 并对比郝家沟-头屯河剖面、玛纳斯河剖面上侏罗统齐古组、喀拉扎组的岩相组合、岩石颜色、砂泥岩沉积构造、沉积序列与古环境分析, 认为干旱气候下头屯河组上部-喀拉扎组的季节性曲流河-季节性辫状河沉积是上侏罗统大面积厚层状砂砾岩体及厚层状泥岩红层沉积的重要成因机理, 进而建立了季节性河流的砂体构型和成因模式。准噶尔盆地南缘季节性河流沉积砂体构型和成因模式的建立, 对进一步认识我国古代季节性河流沉积提供了有益参考。 相似文献
19.
Elizabeth M. Truswell 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3-4):343-356
Fifty‐three sea‐floor samples close to Antarctica collected by Douglas Mawson during the Australasian Antarctic Expedition of 1911–1914 have beeen analysed for recycled palynomorphs. The distribution of the recycled microfossils provides a broad guide to the position of hidden sedimentary sequences on the Antarctic continental margin. The samples were dredged off the East Antarctic coast between 91°E and 146°E. In three distinct ‐areas, concentrations of recycled palynomorphs suggest the presence nearby of eroding sedimentary sequences. Near the western edge of the Shackleton Ice Shelf the recycled suite suggests Early to Late Permian, Late Jurassic to mid‐Cretaceous, and Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary sediments, with evidence for marine influence only in the Tertiary. Samples from the outer edge of the continental shelf and slope east of Cape Carr indicate Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary sequences, and the same age span is suggested by samples from the western side of the Mertz Glacier Tongue; in this area radio echosounding has suggested that inland sedimentary basins intersect the coast. The sedimentary sequence predicted for the Shackleton Ice Shelf area probably faced the open Indian Ocean, at least since the Mesozoic. Cretaceous sequences predicted for the other localities occur at points on the Antarctic coast where they would be expected on the basis of most reconstructions. The area east of Cape Carr has as its conjugate’ coast part of the Great Australian Bight Basin; that off the Mertz Glacier, the area west of the Otway Basin. At both these areas on the southern Australian margin thick Cretaceous rift‐valley sequences occur. 相似文献
20.
为深入研究准噶尔盆地南缘新生界古气候演化过程,采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对准噶尔盆地南缘(准南)新生界地层泥岩、砂岩中粘土矿物成分、坡缕石矿物学特征进行了系统分析。分析结果表明,新生界泥岩中粘土矿物组成主要有蒙脱石、伊利石、坡缕石和绿泥石等;坡缕石是指示干旱-半干旱气候条件的特征矿物,呈纤维状、束状等形态,其形态及与周围矿物的接触关系说明坡缕石为典型自生成因,坡缕石、伊利石、绿泥石构成的粘土矿物组合所反映的干旱气候与地层颜色变化相吻合。 相似文献