共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
柴北缘都兰高压麻粒岩的变质演化及形成的动力学背景 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
在柴北缘-阿尔金HP/UHP变质带东端,新识别出一个高压麻粒岩单元.高压基性麻粒岩是高压麻粒岩单元的主体,还包括少量高压中酸性麻粒岩.高压基性麻粒岩主要由平衡共生的石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石组成,还含有不等量的蓝晶石、角闪石、石英、金红石、黝帘石/斜黝帘石、钛铁矿、方柱石等矿物.高压长英质麻粒岩主要包括石榴子石、蓝晶石、钾长石、斜长石、石英等矿物,并具有少量的单斜辉石和角闪石.岩石学和矿物学数据显示高压麻粒岩经历了多阶段的变质演化,温压计算获得峰期高压麻粒岩相的变质条件为1.40～1.85GPa和800～925℃.退变质高角闪岩相的变质条件为P=0.80～1.05GPa和T=580～695℃：进一步的退变质作用发生在低角闪岩相/绿片岩相条件下(<0.8GPa和<550℃).岩石学、矿物学及年代学资料研究表明都兰地区的高压麻粒岩具有与相邻榴辉岩不同的变质演化历史,而不是榴辉岩在抬升过程中热松弛作用所致.高压麻粒岩可能形成于与陆壳俯冲相关的造山带增厚的陆壳根部环境,形成的深度为50～70km. 相似文献
2.
西藏拉萨地体北部的前寒武纪高压变质作用及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
高压基性麻粒岩以石榴石-单斜辉石-斜长石-石英共生为特征,是研究大洋或大陆地壳俯冲-碰撞的最好载体之一.西藏拉萨地体北部高压基性麻粒岩以构造块体的形式出现在早古生代沉积岩中.高压麻粒岩的原岩是辉长岩,它经历了四期变质作用,从早到晚分别是:角闪岩相变质(0.9～1.0GPa和710～720℃)、高压麻粒岩相峰期(1.55～1.65GPa和730～740℃)、麻粒岩相(0.82GPa和821℃)和角闪岩相退变质(0.60～0.68GPa和520～540℃)作用.整个变质作用的P-T轨迹是顺时针型的,包括一个近等压降温的早期角闪岩相变质过程,近等温升压的晚期进变质过程,以及加温降压的早期退变质过程和降温降压的晚期退变质过程.这表明,高压基性麻粒岩形成在较高地热梯度条件下,并且经历了加热变质过程.因此,纳木错高压基性麻粒岩并不是形成在典型的洋壳俯冲带构造环境,洋中脊俯冲和地幔柱作用是其成因的可能构造控制因素. 相似文献
3.
山东半岛基性高压麻粒岩的成因矿物学及变质演化 总被引：27，自引：22，他引：5
在山东半岛的平度-莱西-莱阳-烟台一带,广泛出露基性高压麻粒岩,它们呈大小不等的透镜体或不规则脉状体产于TTG片麻岩中,且与超镁铁质岩石密切"伴生"。根据岩相学、矿物相转变、变质反应以及温压条件的系统研究结果,确定山东半岛基性高压麻粒岩经历了四个阶段的变质演化。早期进变质阶段(M1)的标志性矿物组合以石榴石及其内部的细粒单斜辉石+斜长石±石英为特征,记录的温压条件为T=740～770℃、P=0.9～1.0GPa;峰期高压麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)的矿物组合以基质中石榴石(富Ca核部)+单斜辉石(富Al核部)+斜长石(富Na核部)±石英为特征,记录的温压条件为T=850～880℃、P=1.45～1.65GPa;峰后近等温减压(中压)麻粒岩相退变质阶段(M3),以发生一系列典型减压反应和斜方辉石的大量出现为标志,典型的矿物组合为斜方辉石+单斜辉石+斜长石+磁铁矿±角闪石,记录的温压条件为T=780～830℃、P=0.65～0.85GPa;晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段(M4)以石榴石发生降温反应、形成角闪石+斜长石+磁铁矿±石英等退变矿物组合为特征,记录的温压条件为T=590～650℃、P=0.62～0.82GPa。高压基性麻粒岩的变质演化的P-T轨迹具有顺时针型式,先后经历了近等温减压过程(ITD)和近等压降温过程(IBC)变质演化过程,指示研究区基性高压麻粒岩是古老陆块之间在俯冲-碰撞造山过程中加厚下地壳折返地表的产物。该项成果对于重新认识华北克拉通在早前寒武纪古老陆块的碰撞-拼贴及其演化的动力学过程具有重要科学意义。 相似文献
4.
5.
喜马拉雅东构造结高压麻粒岩PT轨迹、锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
喜马拉雅东构造结出露了一套基性高压麻粒岩,其峰期矿物组合为石榴石+单斜辉石+石英+金红石+斜长石,利用相平衡计算其峰期温压条件为904℃、1.37GPa,利用锆石U-Pb定年方法确定其变质年龄为20.7±2.3Ma。角闪斜方辉石麻粒岩为其第一阶段退变产物,其变质矿物组合为斜方辉石+角闪石+斜长石+石英+钛铁矿+磁铁矿,温压条件为压力小于0.6GPa,温度为720~760℃。角闪岩相退变矿物组合为角闪石+斜长石+石英+钛铁矿+磁铁矿,温度小于745℃,压力小于0.6GPa。在角闪斜方辉石麻粒岩中变质锆石获得的定年结果为9.38±0.22M,根据锆石中角闪石+斜长石+石英的矿物包体特征,确定该年龄代表角闪岩相退变质年龄。据此,确定了喜马拉雅东构造结基性高压麻粒岩的PTt轨迹为顺时针2阶段折返过程,即第一阶段发生在20Ma左右的由高压麻粒岩相到角闪岩相退变阶段,第二阶段发生在9Ma左右的从角闪岩相深度折返到地表的阶段,计算得到其折返速率分别为2.4mm/y和2.3mm/y,这2个阶段的折返与目前通常认为的青藏高原2个主要抬升阶段是基本一致的。 相似文献
6.
南阿尔金巴什瓦克石榴橄榄岩的变质演化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
南阿尔金巴什瓦克地区石榴橄榄岩在空间上呈透镜体状与高压基性麻粒岩和含石榴子石长英质片麻岩伴生.基于矿物共生组合关系和变质反应结构特征,并结合矿物化学详细分析以及温压条件的估算,我们将该区石榴橄榄岩的变质演化划分为3个阶段:峰期变质阶段(Ml)、峰后早期退变质阶段(M2)和晚期角闪岩相-绿片岩相退变质阶段(M3).M1阶段的矿物组合为石榴子石(Grt)+橄榄石(O1)+斜方辉石(Opx)+单斜辉石(Cpx),所估算的温压条件为:T=891～ 1054℃、P=17.2 ～24.7kbar; M2阶段以石榴子石周围出现斜方辉石(Opx)+单斜辉石(Cpx)+尖晶石(Spl)的次生边为特征,在P=10kbar时,估算的温度条件为:T=711 ～ 796℃;M3阶段以形成角闪石(Amp)+蛇纹石(Srp)+金云母(Phl)+绿泥石(Chl)+磁铁矿(Mag)±滑石(Tlc)为特征.石榴橄榄岩具有与相邻的长英质麻粒岩和基性麻粒岩类似的P-T演化历史.结合成因矿物学和初步的地球化学特征,我们认为石榴橄榄岩的原岩可能为侵位于大陆地壳的镁铁质-超镁铁质杂岩,并在早古生代与长英质地壳物质一起俯冲,经历高压(超高压?)/高温变质作用以及随后的变质和地球动力学演化. 相似文献
7.
柴北缘都兰高压麻粒岩的锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在柴北缘高压-超高压变质带的东端都兰地区,高压麻粒岩以透镜体的形式存在于石榴白云母片岩、花岗质片麻岩以及斜长角闪岩中。高压麻粒岩的主体为基性麻粒岩,并含少量中酸性麻粒岩。基性麻粒岩主要由石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石和石英等组成,而中酸性麻粒岩峰期矿物组合为:石榴子石+斜长石+钾长石+蓝晶石+石英±单斜辉石。根据显微构造和反应结构特征,主要识别出3期变质作用:①峰期高压麻粒岩相阶段(M1);②退变质高角闪岩相阶段(M2);③绿片岩相/低角闪岩相阶段(M3)。选取典型的中酸性麻粒岩样品进行了锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb原位定年分析,获得加权平均年龄为446.9±6.5Ma,且CL图像显示锆石内部发育石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石等矿物包体,反映锆石可能形成在峰期高压麻粒岩相变质条件下。岩石学和年代学结果显示都兰高压麻粒岩和邻近的榴辉岩同时形成于同一俯冲带的不同热构造环境,高压麻粒岩并非榴辉岩热松弛作用形成的,两者具有各自独立的变质演化历史。 相似文献
8.
新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带低压麻粒岩相变质作用P-T轨迹及其地质意义 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：11
本文首次报道在新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带发现了二辉石麻粒岩和麻粒岩相变质的堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩。二辉石麻粒岩的矿物组合为单斜辉石-斜方辉石-黑云母-角闪石-斜长石-石英。堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩矿物组合为堇青石-矽线石-石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-石英。岩石学和矿物学特征表明它们是典型的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石，其变质作用经历了两期演化：a．峰期麻粒岩相变质，T=681～705℃，P=5．4～5．8kbar；b．峰后角闪岩相退变阶段，T：571～637℃．P=4．7～5．3kbar。其变质作用P-T轨迹具有逆时针近等压降温(IBC)的特点，代表该地区可能为塔里木板块向伊犁．中天山板块俯冲过程中，在陆壳一侧所产生的陆源岩浆弧区域，由于受到下部岩浆热源的影响，在拉伸环境下出现低压麻粒岩相变质。通过分析低压麻粒岩相岩石与其南部高压一超高压变质带的大地构造位置和年代关系，我们认为该地区的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石可能与其南部的西天山高压一超高压变质带组成了双变质带。 相似文献
9.
阿尔泰基性麻粒岩的发现：来自矿物学的证据 总被引：5，自引：10，他引：5
新疆北部阿尔泰造山带富蕴乌恰沟一带首次发现代表中、下地壳深变质作用的基性麻粒岩详细的野外和室内研究表明阿尔泰基性麻粒岩主要由粗粒和细粒的麻粒岩组成(SiO2含量为47．83～53．57％)。两者的矿物组合相近，为斜方辉石 单斜辉石 斜长石 角闪石 黑云母。角闪石和黑云母成分富镁，可能与岩石的成分富镁有关、基性麻粒岩的岩石地球化学成分显示其富Mg/(Mg Fe^2 )和亏损U，Th，K及Rb，而且其原岩为钙碱性玄武岩，是岛弧构造环境下形成的产物。矿物化学特征表明斜方辉石中Mg／(Mg Fe^2 )介于0．65～0．71之间，为紫苏辉石，具高MgO FeO，低Al2O3和Ca／(Ca Mg Fe)，而单斜辉石具低TiO2和Al2O3的特点，说明它们皆为变质成因。部分角闪石和褐色黑云母富钛，指示它们为高温下形成的产物。这些特征证实了上述岩石为基性麻粒岩。角闪石和黑云母氟和氯含量较低以及水速度较高，暗示其流体成分氟和氯在变质作用过程中不起主导作用。根据麻粒岩中矿物共生组合、期次和矿物温压计估算，麻粒岩形成的峰期和退变质温压条件分别为750～780℃，0．6～0．7GPa和590～620℃，0．23～0．37GPa，前者属高温中压条件，阿尔泰地区基性麻粒岩的发现为进一步研究阿尔泰地区深部下地壳的组成和结构以及深化阿尔泰地区、新疆北部甚至中亚地区大陆动力学过程和机制都具有重要意义。 相似文献
10.
《新疆地质》2020,(3)
南阿尔金吐拉地区基性麻粒岩呈透镜体分布于泥质片麻岩中。基性麻粒岩主要矿物组成为石榴子石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石、角闪石、黑云母和斜长石,显示"巴罗式"变质作用(中压麻粒岩相变质作用)特征。目前南阿尔金吐拉地区发育的"巴罗式"变质岩研究相对薄弱,对岩石学特征、变质演化轨迹及"巴罗式"变质作用成因机制亦不明确。传统矿物温压计指示基性麻粒岩的峰期变质温压条件为T=820℃～870℃,P=8.0～8.5 kPa,退变质阶段温压T=700℃～750℃,P=6～7.5 k Pa,为一个降温降压顺时针型的P-T演化轨迹。锆石U-Pb定年加权平均年龄为～450Ma,结合岩相学研究和锆石特征,认为其代表了峰期麻粒岩相变质时代。基性麻粒岩与区域上深熔作用和花岗质岩浆作用变质年龄相似,较南阿尔金UHP榴辉岩和HP麻粒岩的峰期变质时代晚40～50 Ma,与榴辉岩折返过程中麻粒岩相叠加变质作用时代较相似。说明吐拉地区"巴罗式"变质作用及同时代花岗质岩浆作用和混合岩化作用可能是由于俯冲陆壳发生断离并开始折返上升,在伸展环境下由幔源岩浆上涌加热中地壳形成的。 相似文献
11.
12.
Reproductive pentoxylalean material from the Albian Triton Point Formation, Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island, Antarctica is the youngest record of this group globally. Leaves are referred to Taeniopteris daintreei McCoy, ovulate reproductive organs to Carnoconites cranwelli Harris, and stem material to Pentoxylon sp. Occurring in leaf litter layers on palaeosol surfaces the sedimentology suggests that pentoxylalean plants grew upon areas of the floodplain distal to the river channel, where they covered the forest floor in a similar habit to modern brambles. The forest floor was shared with Equisetales and liverworts, an abundance of ferns [Cladophlebis Brongniart, Gleichenites Goeppert, Phyllopteroides Medwell, Sphenopteris (Brongniart) Sternberg], as well as angiosperms. Bennettitales, Ginkgoites Seward and Nilssonia Brongniart were rare within these communities, as were coniferous trees. 相似文献
13.
The occurrence of pyrochlorophyll a and pyrophaeophytins a and b in the bottom sediments of a small eutrophic lake (Priest Pot, Cumbria, U.K.) is reported on the basis of HPLC coinjection with standards. Assignment of pyrophaeophytins a and b was confirmed by FAB mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the isolated components and comparison with standards. The co-occurrence of pyrochlorins with their non-pyro counterparts, even in a surface sediment, shows that decarbomethoxylation can occur at the very earliest stages of the Treibs diagenetic pathway linking the chlorophylls and sedimentary porphyrins. 相似文献
14.
Nadia Curetti Davide Levy Alessandro Pavese Gabriella Ivaldi 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,32(10):670-678
The elastic properties of coexisting natural 3T and 2M
1 phengite samples (Cima Pal, Sesia Zone; Val Savenca; Western Alps, Italy) with similar chemical compositions have been studied by room temperature–high pressure powder diffraction, using synchrotron radiation on the ID9A beam-line at ESRF (Grenoble, France). The P–V curves have been modelled by the Birch–Murnaghan model; a third-order expansion fitted to the experimental data yields for 3T and 2M
1 K
0=60.4(±0.7) GPa, K′=5.79(±0.11) at V
0=703.8851 Å3, and K
0=57.3(±1.0) GPa, K′=6.97(±0.24) at V
0=938.8815 Å3, respectively. The relative stability of 3T vs. 2M
1 has been explored as a function of pressure and temperature in terms of configuration and deformation contributions to the Gibbs energy, using the elastic properties determined here and other thermodynamic parameters from earlier investigations. The results presented agree with the hypothesis of stability of the 3T polytype in the high pressure regime. 相似文献
15.
Scaling variables and interpretation of eigenvalues in principal component analysis of geologic data
A. T. Miesch 《Mathematical Geology》1980,12(6):523-538
The dominant feature distinguishing one method of principal components analysis from another is the manner in which the original data are transformed prior to the other computations. The only other distinguishing feature of any importance is whether the eigenvectors of the inner product-moment of the transformed data matrix are taken directly as the Q-mode scores or scaled by the square roots of their associated eigenvalues and called the R-mode loadings. If the eigenvectors are extracted from the product-moment correlation matrix, the variables, in effect, were transformed by column standardization (zero means and unit variances), and the sum of the p-largest eigenvalues divided by the sum of all the eigenvalues indicates the degree to which a model containing pcomponents will account for the total variance in the original data. However, if the data were transformed in any manner other than column standardization, the eigenvalues cannot be used in this manner, but can only be used to determine the degree to which the model will account for the transformed data. Regardless of the type of principal components analysis that is performed—even whether it is Ror Q-mode—the goodness-of-fit of the model to the original data is given better by the eigenvalues of the correlation matrix than by those of the matrix that was actually factored. 相似文献
16.
Early Maastrichtian larger foraminifera of the Qahlah Formation, United Arab Emirates and Sultanate of Oman border region 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Early Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) Qahlah Formation is the oldest stratigraphical unit lying upon the eroded top of the obducted Semail Ophiolite, of Santonian–Campanian age, in the Northern Oman Mountains. It crops out as a series of low hills on the western flank of the mountains, which are located along the boundary between the United Arab Emirates and the Sultanate of Oman. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the bio- and lithofacies of the Qahlah Formation in the Jabal Huwayyah section (at the boundary between the Al Ain area of the United Arab Emirates and the Buraimi area of Oman). The data collected were used to determine the age and depositional environment of the rock unit studied. In addition, the section is lithostratigraphically correlated with other sections in the study area. Microfossils from Jabal Huwayyah are represented mainly by the larger benthic foraminifera Loftusia elongata, L. morgani, Pseudorbitolina marthae, Orbitoides media, Omphalocyclus macroporus and Lepidorbitoides minor. These foraminifera are reported for the first time from this section. The diversity and abundance of fauna, particularly within the calcareous siltstone bed near the top of the formation (unique to the Huwayyah area), reflect a shallow marine depositional environment. 相似文献
17.
Spatial and seasonal variation of salt ions under the influence of halophytes,in a coastal flat in eastern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yanyou Wu Rongcheng Liu Yuguo Zhao Pingping Li Congqiang Liu 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(7):1501-1508
The high salinity of coastal saline field is a key factor limiting the reclamation. Halophytes have been utilized in the reclamation
of saline land. The study area is in Yancheng, China. An analysis of the concentrations of Rb, Cs, Sr, and Ba, the ratio of
Rb/Cs, and Sr/Ba in soils in autumn shows that the soil of this study area has great homogeneity. Artemisia halodendron, Gossypium hirsutum, and Sesbania cannabina were selected as the reclamation plants in the present study. In order to know the spatial-temporal distribution of soil
salinity, the influence of plant-specific vegetation, and the difference of desalination among these halophytes in coastal
flat, the authors analyze the soil-layers and seasonal variation in salt ions. Sodium chloride was accumulated in 0–5 cm topsoil
with no vegetation during the winter and spring. The effect of desalinization of halophytes is significant. Of the three plant
species, Sesbania cannabina has the greatest desalinization. The difference of ions composition of soils covered with various plant species is significant.
It can be concluded that halophytes have better amelioration of coastal soil salinity. Special attention should be paid to
the selection of plant species and measures to plant and cultivate crops in the reclamation of saline land. 相似文献
18.
In this study we report similar biotic response patterns in planktic foraminiferal assemblages, whether in association with volcanism, impacts or climate change at the end of the Cretaceous and early Tertiary. During and after each type of catastrophe two groups dominate high stress assemblages: (1) the small Guembelitria species, which are interpreted as having thrived in eutrophic surface waters where other species rarely survived; and (2) the low oxygen tolerant small Heterohelix species, which thrived at times of an expanding oxygen minimum zone associated with high nutrients and a stratified water column. The ecosystem collapse appears to be primarily the result of high macro- and micronutrient influx (from impacts, volcanism and erosion) leading to eutrophication and phytoplankton blooms (i.e., primary producers) that result in toxic conditions for foraminifera. Once nutrients decrease due to consumption by phytoplankton, the first opportunistic foraminifera, the Guembelitria, appear and graze on phytoplankton, rapidly reproduce (heterochronic acceleration) and increase populations exponentially. With nutrient depletion Guembelitria populations rapidly decrease leading to ecologic niches for other generalists and ecosystem recovery. Small low O2 tolerant heterohelicid populations mark this second stage, followed by small trochospiral and planispiral species. With further environmental recovery, increasing competition, niche development, and restoration of a well-stratified watermass, oligotrophic conditions are restored opening habitats for large, highly specialized species and a return to normal diverse assemblages. Such highly stressed ecological successions are observed in association with mantle plume volcanism in the Indian Ocean, Andean volcanism in Argentina and shallow inland seas in Egypt and Madagascar during the late Maastrichtian, the K-T impact, volcanism during the early Danian, and intense upwelling and climate extremes. We present a simple model to explain the ecological succession and recovery phases that follow major biotic perturbations. 相似文献
19.
P. Pal Roy 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1995,13(2):79-92
Summary This paper substantiates, through three different case studies, that the breakage assessment of opencast bench blasting can be made scientifically through the analysis of joint set orientations of different exposed benches in association with the corresponding face direction. Joint orientations, dip and strike of bedding planes have a significant influence on rock breakage. They can have decelerating effects on blasting performance, which may be rectified by geological mapping, and subsequently modifying the blast design parameters. 相似文献