共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
通过对四川省沐川县北部土地质量地球化学调查,查明了工作区土壤Se的地球化学特征,并对其成因进行了初步研究。结果表明,工作区土壤Se含量范围为0.06×10-6~1.49×10-6,平均值为0.41×10-6,主要以富硒土壤为主,满足富硒土壤条件的土壤面积占工作区总面积的60%。不同成土母岩中土壤Se含量差异较大,趋于表层富集,成土母岩为香溪群的土壤中Se含量较高,且重金属含量低;不同土地利用类型中,林地土壤Se含量最高;不同土壤类型中Se含量差异较小。相关分析表明,土壤Se含量与有机质、Pb、As、Cd等呈显著正相关,不同成土母岩对Se含量与pH值的相关性影响较大,表明成土母岩、有机质、重金属元素是影响该区土壤中Se含量的主要因素。 相似文献
2.
不同球粒陨石群的物理和岩石学性质,包括球粒的平均大小、球粒结构类型、复合球粒、带火成边球粒及含硫化物的比例、化学组成及矿物学特征等可用以划分球粒陨石的化学-岩石类型和小行星类型,这些性质提供了不同球粒陨石群有用的分类参数及其形成环境的信息.由于不同球粒陨石群的△17O与日心距离存在有相关关系,因此,依据不同球粒陨石群形... 相似文献
3.
运用文化理论和模糊网络分析评价黑河中游最优水资源管理风格 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
管理者的管理风格与环境相匹配是有效管理的关键. 采用模糊网络分析法和文化理论方法评价了黑河中游张掖市最优水资源管理风格. 以文化理论为基础, 采用理论分析法和频度分析法, 建立水资源管理风格评价指标体系. 运用网络层次分析法确定各项指标的权重; 基于网络层次分析法的计算结果, 运用模糊综合评价法对文化理论中提出的个人主义者、 宿命论者、 等级主义者和平均主义者4种风格进行实例研究, 依据分值大小进行排序. 结果表明: 等级主义者得分最高, 即为最优的管理风格. 因此, 在黑河中游水资源管理的过程中应主要实行等级主义者管理风格, 可为水资源管理部门分配人员、 选聘人才、 培训方向提供理论依据, 有助于提高水资源管理效率. 相似文献
4.
将2000、2005、2010和2013年的土地利用类型数据与GIS技术结合,获取了甘肃省敦煌市近年来土地利用类型动态变化特征,并结合该地区的2000年以来社会经济和自然环境的资料,分析土地利用类型变化的驱动因素.结果表明：在2000-2013年期间,敦煌市城市化发展迅速,耕地、建设用地和水域面积明显增加,2000-2013年的14建分别增长了10.0%、42.2%和2.5%;草地和未利用土地面积呈减少趋势,分别减少了2.1%和0.1%;林地、沙地变化程度较小. 7种土地利用类型之间相互转换,主要的转移方向为草地、未利用土地向耕地转移,未利用土地向建设用地和水域转变.对影响土地利用变化的而主要驱动因素进行主成分分析,结果显示经济发展、国家政策等人类活动为主要的影响因素,自然因素为辅. 相似文献
5.
采用单位土壤碳量计算方法,分别对韶关市不同母质类型、地貌类型、土地利用类型以及土壤类型中有机碳储量及平均碳密度等参数进行统计,初步探讨了广东韶关地区土壤有机碳储量特征及其影响因素.结果表明,调查区表层土壤(0-20 cm)有机碳平均碳密度和储量分别为3.62 kg/m2和5.45×107 t;中层土壤(0-100 cm)有机碳平均碳密度和储量分别为11.64 kg/m2和1.75×108 t;深层土壤(0-180 cm)有机碳平均碳密度和储量分别为15.63 kg/m2和2.35×108 t.从地貌上看,有机碳储量低值区主要为盆地(如南雄盆地、翁源盆地、乐昌盆地)、平原等地势较低处,高值区主要分布在中低山区域;其次,花岗岩出露地区表层有机碳含量较高.研究发现,近34年来调查区表层土壤有机碳储量总体呈下降趋势.影响土壤有机碳分布特征的因素主要为土壤类型、地貌类型、成土母质类型、土地利用类型等;其次,气候条件、植被状况、海拔高度等因素也是影响有机碳分布的重要因子. 相似文献
6.
通过对甘州区自然地理状况和气候因素、降水量的阐述,并分析了甘州区2012年—2016年地下水位的动态变化特征,得出甘州区林草地面积减少、水土流失严重、林农争水矛盾突出等地下水资源变化对生态环境的影响,为相关水资源管理部门保护生态环境提供了重要参考。 相似文献
7.
通过对新疆伊犁阿希—塔吾尔别克—阿庇因迪成矿区成矿地质背景和不同矿床类型地质特征的野外地质调查和研究,认为阿希—塔吾尔别克—阿庇因迪地区的火山活动存在早期中心式喷发和晚期裂隙式喷发两种形式,形成了一系列与火山期后热液有关的矿床类型.通过对不同矿床类型地质特征的总结,利用成矿系列的结构分析方法,初步阐述了成矿系列的物质结构和时空结构特征,并建立了与火山岩系有关的金-铅锌热液矿床成矿系列和成矿模型. 相似文献
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柳林地区是我国煤层气勘探开发的热点地区之一,初步实现了煤层气商业化开发。根据柳林地区煤层气井生产数据,对气井产气动态进行了分析,按产量大小进行了气井统计,中产气井比例较高,为42.9%,高产气井占28.6%,低和极低产气井比例为28.5%。分析煤层气井排采曲线特征,总结归纳气井的产气模式有单峰式、高峰-稳定式和低峰-高峰-稳定式三类。从影响煤层气产能的构造、气含量、渗透率、煤层厚度、煤层埋深、水文地质条件等地质因素入手,分析了各地质因素对气井产能的影响,并建立各类因素与煤层气井产能的关系。研究认为:柳林地区煤层气井的高产条件并非受单一因素的控制,而是主要取决于多种有利地质主控因素的有机匹配、共同作用的结果。 相似文献
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11.
Grid-group cultural theory: an introduction 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Virginie Mamadouh 《GeoJournal》1999,47(3):395-409
This article offers an introduction to grid-group cultural theory (also known as grid-group analysis, Cultural Theory or theory
of socio-cultural viability), an approach that has been developed over the past thirty years in the work of the British anthropologists
Mary Douglas and Michael Thompson, the American political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, and many others. This assessment begins
with a presentation of the main claims of the theory, distinguishing two characteristic breads of grid-group cultural theory,
in the one it is conceived as a heuristic device, in the other it is seen as a full explanatory theory. This brief is followed
by a discussion of the typology generated by the theory. This includes a presentation of the two dimensions of sociality it
posits, the cultural map they produce, as well as the four (or five) cultural types derived from them and their designations.
The article proceeds with a discussion of key issues including the incorporation of other typologies (such as the one developed
to analyse myths of nature), the relations between cultures or rationalities and several methodological issues. Finally the
article introduces the contributions to this special issue of the GeoJournal.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
Perception of earthquake risk: a study of the earthquake insurance pilot area in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
In 2014, China will pilot its first earthquake insurance program, and the inhabitants’ perception of earthquake risk in the pilot area is significant for the implementation of this plan. In this study, the authors conducted a field survey in four districts in the insurance pilot area to investigate the factors affecting the earthquakes risk perception of residents. The survey concentrates on the factors of hazard experience and residents’ house type and shows that people who have experienced more earthquakes tend to have a lower risk perception while people who have suffered serious earthquake loss tend to have a higher risk perception. For the house type factor, the author finds that house type is correlated with the risk perception from an earthquake. The effect on risk perception is significantly reduced when people enhance their house type with brick walls, concrete beams, and column. Furthermore, gender, income, and education level also have direct effects on how residents perceive of the risk from an earthquake. 相似文献
13.
贵州喀斯特聚落文化类型及其特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从喀斯特环境人地关系的角度出发,探讨贵州喀斯特聚落文化的组成因子和文化层;依据地域分异规律、相似性原则、综合分析原则,将贵州喀斯特聚落文化分为谷地聚落、半坡村聚落、溪边村聚落、丘原区聚落、洞穴聚落和屯堡聚落六种主要类型。谷地聚落因峰丛洼地环境容量小,形成散珠状小聚居的形态和独特的垦殖文化景观;半坡村聚落因喀斯特山地环境的影响,形成依山而建、聚族而居、典型的吊脚楼民居建筑等特征;溪边村聚落因峰林坝地环境容量较大,沿河形成串珠状聚族而居的形态;丘原区聚落因丘原盆地环境容量大、地域环境开放,形成多民族杂居、村寨密集分布、文化交融强等特征;洞穴聚落因岩洞环境的特殊性,形成依洞而建的小聚居形态;屯堡聚落因喀斯特环境和历史的影响,形成典型的集聚型村落,将石文化、江南文化、军事文化有机结合。通过探讨各类型聚落文化在聚落规模、聚落布局、聚落环境、建筑、生活习俗等方面的特征,可为合理开发贵州喀斯特聚落文化提供依据。 相似文献
14.
Tekeli-Yeşil Sıdıka Dedeoğlu Necati Braun-Fahrlaender Charlotte Tanner Marcel 《Natural Hazards》2011,59(1):427-446
Awareness and perception of risk are among the most crucial steps in the process of taking precautions at individual level
for various hazards. In this study, we investigated the factors affecting better knowledge and greater risk perception about
earthquakes among residents of Istanbul. A field survey was carried out, and a total of 1,123 people were interviewed in two
districts of Istanbul with different seismic risk levels and from three (low, moderate and high) socio-economic levels (SEL).
The findings showed that although the level of knowledge regarding earthquakes and preparedness for them was promising, it
could be improved. The results indicated that future preparedness programmes should target people with lower educational and
socio-economic levels. The media were the leading source of information among the respondents. Location of the home was a
strong influence on individuals having above average earthquake knowledge and even more on high risk perception. Socio-economic
parameters (educational level, economic status, SEL of the sub-district and tenure of the home), gender and attitude score
were other factors influencing greater risk perception with regard to earthquakes. 相似文献
15.
This paper aims to assess the risk of natural and anthropogenic hazards for cultural heritage in Cyprus by integrating multi-temporal GIS and earth observation analysis, in the area of Paphos District. The work presented here attends to re-evaluate previous results from earth observations and GIS analysis and go a step forward targeting more reliable outcomes for cultural heritage management. The scope of the paper was to develop a more accurate methodology for risk assessment against natural and anthropogenic hazards (e.g., soil erosion; urban expansion), based on homogeneous clustering of the monuments under consideration. The accomplished assessment approach, being lopsided and generic, cannot be applied across the board and undistractedly for cultural heritage management of all types of monuments of the district. Instead, the proposed clustering of monuments based on a variety of parameters is taking into consideration characteristics of their immediate environment, resulting rational local-based outcomes more useful for monuments and sites safeguarding and for prevention measurements. For each one of the five clusters of monuments located in the Paphos District, an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was followed in order to address the individual and unique characteristics of the monuments and sites within the same cluster area. Subsequently, the weight factors from these clusters were interpolated to the whole district, prior to the application of the overall AHP risk assessment. Ultimately, the results were compared with the overall AHP method applied for the entire Paphos District, indicating that the proposed methodology can be more accurate and realistic for the different groups of the monuments. 相似文献
16.
Eli Borukhov 《GeoJournal》1991,2(1):71-80
Residential density (dwelling units per area) affects the quality of life in urban environments in many direct and indirect ways. Determining the optimal level of density requires in each case, balancing all the relevant factors and influences, and should depend on the preferences of the potential residents and their financial resources.A residential neighborhood has many characteristics. Usually people trade off one characteristic against another. For instance: people can trade off density against cost or accessibility against space. The aim of good planning is to find the combination of characteristics that will give maximum level of satisfaction to the residents of a neighbourhood subject to the limitations of their budgets. Density standards should, therefore, be adapted to the preferences of the potential residents and their preferred compromise between the various attributes of their environment.To make things more complicated, the concept of density has many definitions, and different definitions are relevant when analysing the various effects of density. It seems that people do not perceive the gross residential density as it is measured, but are influenced by variables such as set-back distances, the percentage of building coverage and the like.Evidence is cited from an investigation in Kiryat-Gat which suggests that the perception of density is affected by other factors except the density itself.If people do not perceive the density as such but are affected by other factors, then modification of these factors is very important. If planners are to design neighborhoods according to the residents' preferences, they should have quantitative estimates of the residents' relative evaluation of these characteristics, including possible savings in the price of housing. The problems of investigating residential preferences are discussed, and examples of studies addressed to these questions are described. 相似文献
17.
收集和整理上海地区各类古海面标志的地质意义及~(14)C测年资料,建立了上海地区全新世海面变化曲线。并结合上海地区地层建造、微古化石、孢粉及古人类遗址的发掘资料,探讨了上海地区全新世的环境演化,及环境变化对古人类活动的影响。 相似文献
18.
基于多层次多目标模糊优选法的流域初始水权分配——以张掖市甘临高地区为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
水权初始分配, 是水权制度建设中不可或缺的一部分, 它既可以有效地达到明晰水权的目的, 也为水权交易的发展提供基础和条件.以黑河流域中游张掖市甘临高地区作为研究区, 基于初始水权分配原则的指标体系, 选用2020年作为规划水平年, 采用多层次多目标模糊优选法分配流域区域初始水权, 并以2009年作为参照年, 通过对比参照年内不同的水权分配模式来验证该分配模型的合理性.结果表明: 在该分配模式下, 2020年甘州区初始水权的分配比例为35.8%, 临泽县的分配比例为30%, 高台县的分配比例为34.2%.另外, 通过合理性检验可知, 基于原则的综合分配模式, 相较于其他的分配模式, 更具现实性、 公平性、 高效性、 可持续性及政策性. 相似文献
19.
The Three River Headwaters Region is the pioneer of China’s ecological civilization construction and pilot of the national park system. It is also a unique plateau with complex man-land relationship, long-standing history and diverse civilizations. For thousands of years, the relationship between the people and the land has gone through primitive harmony, tension and conflict, and gradually tends to balance and coordinate. The whole process concentrates on the game of natural forces, historical evolution and regional culture. As the elements of human settlements in the region tend to become more complex, the relationship between human and land continues to develop in breadth and depth, and it is necessary to combine dynamic analysis of time and space. From the perspective of people, events, time and space, the research progress and interaction mechanism in the interest of subjects, conflicts, background, and human settlements in the Three River Headwaters Region were summarized. Its population distribution, production, life and culture feature a typical ethnic ecological yet poverty area. The harmonious development of man-land relationship is restricted by the conflicts between human activity and ecological environment as well as cultural environment. The historical evolution progress is largely influenced by factors such as government policies and political regimes, regional trading, herders’ migration and settlement. The human living space is deeply affected by geographical environment, animal husbandry and regional culture. Furthermore, the linkage mechanism among natural element, human element, time element and space element in man-land relationship system was also analyzed. Based on these, the author proposed that future research on man-land relationship in the Three River Headwaters Region should concentrate on fields such as government policies, cultural evaluation and human settlement improvement. To be more specific, further research was suggested to be carried out from the following three aspects：quantitative research, comparative research and objective evaluation of the internal mechanism of human intervention. 相似文献
20.
Dr. Eli Borukhov 《GeoJournal》1978,2(1):71-80
Residential density (dwelling units per area) affects the quality of life in urban environments in many direct and indirect ways. Determining the optimal level of density requires in each case, balancing all the relevant factors and influences, and should depend on the preferences of the potential residents and their financial resources. A residential neighborhood has many characteristics. Usually people trade off one characteristic against another. For instance: people can trade off density against cost or accessibility against space. The aim of good planning is to find the combination of characteristics that will give maximum level of satisfaction to the residents of a neighbourhood subject to the limitations of their budgets. Density standards should, therefore, be adapted to the preferences of the potential residents and their preferred compromise between the various attributes of their environment. To make things more complicated, the concept of density has many definitions, and different definitions are relevant when analysing the various effects of density. It seems that people do not perceive the gross residential density as it is measured, but are influenced by variables such as set-back distances, the percentage of building coverage and the like. Evidence is cited from an investigation in Kiryat-Gat which suggests that the perception of density is affected by other factors except the density itself. If people do not perceive the density as such but are affected by other factors, then modification of these factors is very important. If planners are to design neighborhoods according to the residents' preferences, they should have quantitative estimates of the residents' relative evaluation of these characteristics, including possible savings in the price of housing. The problems of investigating residential preferences are discussed, and examples of studies addressed to these questions are described. 相似文献