共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
T.M. Parfenova A.E. Kontorovich L.S. Borisova V.N. Melenevskii 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(3):277-285
Kerogens from the Lower and Middle Cambrian deposits of the Kuonamka Formation in the northeastern Siberian Platform have been analyzed by modern methods. We have determined the pyrolytic characteristics of insoluble organic matter and the contents of C, H, S, N, O, and the stable C isotope. The type and catagenesis of organic matter have been estimated, as well as the generating potential of oil source rocks. It has been found that the composition of kerogens taken from the Molodo River outcrops was affected by supergene processes and that the degree of their alteration is related to the organic content of rocks and their structure. 相似文献
2.
为评价新疆北部吉木乃坳陷页岩气勘探潜力,通过对吉木乃坳陷下二叠统卡拉岗组暗色页岩段有机地球化学以及储层特征分析,初步探讨其页岩气地质特征。卡拉岗组下段暗色页岩段烃源岩以碳质泥页岩为主,TOC最小值为0.3%,最大值为4.32%,平均值为1.01%。有机质丰度中等,有机质类型为Ⅲ型,Ro值介于1.43%~2.87%之间,平均值为2.12%。热演化程度为成熟-过成熟度阶段,具较好天然气生成能力。暗色页岩矿物成分以石英、长石等脆性矿物为主,粘土质矿物次之,具较好可裂性及吸附性。页岩孔隙以宏孔、细小孔以及小孔为主,储集空间主要为粒内及粒间溶孔、矿物间的微孔隙与微缝隙、矿物微裂缝。孔隙度为0.97%~1.52%,平均为1.36%。渗透率为0.0097~0.0197m D,平均为0.0139m D,具较好天然气储集能力。 相似文献
3.
黔南坳陷下寒武统烃源岩地球化学特征及成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为明确黔南坳陷下寒武统烃源岩地球化学特征及成因,采用岩石热解、GC、GC-MS等方法对3个典型剖面样品进行了系统分析。结果表明:黔南坳陷下寒武统黑色岩系为一套区域性海相优质烃源岩,厚约50~150 m;烃源岩TOC值为0.13%～15.40%,平均3.31%(n=169);烃源岩干酪根δ13C值为-35.79‰～-29.88‰,平均-32.85‰(n=35),显微组分主要为腐泥组;烃源岩干酪根海相镜质体反射率值为1.95%～3.96%,其等效镜质体反射率值为2.02%～3.47%;烃源岩饱和烃正构烷烃分布多为单峰形,主峰碳多为C22,C30藿烷和C27规则甾烷含量高,规则甾烷多为C27>C29>C28,Pr/Ph值为0.27～0.62,具较高的伽马蜡烷和硫芴含量,OEP值为0.82~1.11,C31升藿烷22S/(22S+22R)值为0.56~0.63,平均0.59;烃源岩总体具有富集轻稀土元素,Ba、Mo、V、U等元素含量高,具较强Ce负异常、Eu正异常和较高U/Th值等特征。总之,黔南坳陷下寒武统海相烃源岩分布广,厚度较大,有机质丰度高,类型好,热演化程度高,是高古生产力和缺氧环境共同作用的产物,可为黔南坳陷油气生成提供雄厚的成烃物质。 相似文献
4.
本文应用元素、碳同位素和红外光谱分析,研究了长北地区生油岩干酪根的地球化学特征,结果表明该地区生油岩为陆相淡水湖相沉积,干酪根类型主要为腐殖型。随着埋深增加,同类型干酪根的成熟度增大。 相似文献
5.
本文根据高分辨电镜观察结果,描述了若干前寒武纪干酪根的微结构,讨论了干酪根微结构与母岩变质作用的关系。发现,在变生和变质过程中,干酪根微结构的变化趋势是不同的;层间距(d_(002))不是H/C比值的线性函数;干酪根的微结构可以指示母岩的变质程度。 相似文献
6.
Francis P. Miknis Arthur W. Lindner A. John Gannon Mark F. Davis Gary E. Maciel 《Organic Geochemistry》1984,7(3-4)
Solid state 13C NMR techniques of cross polarization with magic-angle spinning, and interrupted decoupling have been employed to examine the nature of the organic matter in eight kerogen concentrates representing five Tertiary deposits in Queensland, Australia. The NMR results show that five of the kerogens have high proportions of aliphatic carbon in their organic matter and correspond to Type I–II algal kerogens. Three of the kerogens, derived from carbonaceous shales, have a high proportion of aromatic carbon in their organic matter and correspond to Type III kerogens. The fractions of aliphatic carbon in all the kerogens, regardless of type, are shown to correlate with the conversion characteristics of the corresponding raw shales during Fischer assay. Interrupted decoupling NMR results show the presence of more oxygen-substituted carbon in the carbonaceous shales, which may account for the greater CO2 evolution and phenolic materials found in the pyrolysis products of the carbonaceous shales. 相似文献
7.
Young kerogens isolated from seven freshwater lakes, six river mouths and four marine surface sediments were subjected to pyrolysis in vacuo. Their pyrolysates were trapped and separated subsequently for determination of hydrocarbons, fatty acids and alcohols. The abundances, carbon number distributions of long (C12) polymethylene chain lipid compounds and relative abundances of pristenes are proposed as possible indices applicable to discrimination between young kerogens from freshwater lacustrine and marine sediments. Some oil-shale kerogens of Eocene and Permian age were pyrolyzed in the same way, where the chain-length distributions of the pyrolysis products showed similar trends as those observed for the pyrolysis of young kerogens. 相似文献
8.
Noriyuki Suzuki 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(2):243-249
A preliminary attempt to fractionate amorphous kerogens from terrigenous bulk kerogen by a benzene-water two phase partition method under acidic condition was made. Microscopic observation revealed that amorphous kerogens and structured kerogens were fractionated effectively by this method. Characteristics of the amorphous and structured kerogens fractionated by this method were examined by some chemical analyses and compared with those of the bulk kerogen and humic acid isolated from the same rock sample (Haizume Formation, Pleistocene, Japan). The elemental and infrared (IR) analyses showed that the amorphous kerogen fraction had the highest atomic ratio and the lowest atomic ratio and was the richest in aliphatic structures and carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Quantities of fatty acids from the saponification products of each geopolymer were in agreement with the results of elemental and IR analyses. Distribution of the fatty acids was suggestive that more animal lipids participate in the formation of amorphous kerogens because of the abundance of relatively lower molecular weight fatty acids (such as C16 and C18 acids) in saponification products of amorphous kerogens. On the other hand, although the amorphous kerogen fraction tends to be rich in aliphatic structures compared with bulk kerogen of the same rock samples, van Krevelen plots of elemental compositions of kerogens from the core samples (Nishiyama Oil Field, Tertiary, Japan) reveal that the amorphous kerogen fraction is not necessarily characterized by markedly high atomic ratio. This was attributed to the oxic environment of deposition and the abundance of biodegraded terrestrial amorphous organic matter in the amorphous kerogen fraction used in this work. 相似文献
9.
Dik van de Meent Stephen C. Brown R.Paul Philp Bernd R.T. Simoneit 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1980,44(7):999-1013
A series of kerogens and kerogen precursors isolated from DSDP samples, oil shales and Recent algal mats have been examined by Curie point pyrolysis-high resolution gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This study has shown that the three main types of kerogens (marine, terrestrial and mixtures of both) can be characterized using these techniques. The marine (algal) kerogens yield principally aliphatic products and the terrestrial kerogens yield more aromatic and phenolic products with some n-alkanes and n-alkenes. The yields of n-alkanes and n-alkenes increase and phenols decrease with increasing geologic age, however, pyrolysis-GC cannot be used to characterize the influence of short term diagenesis on the kerogen structure. 相似文献
10.
选取了红外光谱中2750～3000cm-1C-H振动峰面积作为反映干酪根中脂肪链含量的特征参数,并以完全饱和脂肪链的微晶石蜡为基准,建立了对干酪根中脂肪链含量进行测定的实验方法,同时讨论了实验条件、无机矿物、干酪根样品加入量等因素的影响。并通过对东营地区不同类型干酪根的低熟烃源岩样品进行的高压热模拟实验,研究了干酪根中脂肪链的百分含量与成熟度、沥青转化率及干酪根原素组成之间的关系。结果表明干酪根中脂肪链含量不仅与干酪根的类型有关,而且随成熟作用增加明显降低,其与热模拟生油量的关系和烃源岩的产烃率曲线相似,在脂肪链含量由15%降至5%时出现一个生油高峰。所以,脂肪链百分含量这一参数有可能成为烃源岩的判别及评价的一个新的重要指标。 相似文献
11.
绥滨坳陷是位于三江盆地西部的次一级构造单元,并且作为中国东北部地区唯一的中生界具有海相和海陆交互相沉积的、未获得常规油气突破的坳陷,对其进行非常规油气地质研究显得意义重大。其中中生界下白垩统穆棱组和城子河组的陆相富有机质含煤泥页岩是该地区最重要的两套主力烃源岩层系。通过分析绥滨坳陷下白垩统暗色泥页岩的分布情况、地球化学指标、页岩储层及含气性特征等因素,认为下白垩统两套富有机质泥页岩的分布面积较广泛(＞2 000 km2)、累积厚度大(＞1 000 m)、TOC含量高(＞1.3%)、受局部火山活动的影响,成熟度以成熟-过成熟为主(平均1.19%),有机质类型以Ⅲ和Ⅱ2为主,有利于生气,且储层中石英、长石及碳酸盐等脆性矿物含量较高,易于后期压裂改造的实施。另外,多段泥页岩层段气测显示异常,表明了其良好的页岩气勘探潜力。并与美国和国内海、陆相产气页岩层的主要参数指标相比较,初步认为普阳-南大林子凹陷的北部及南部的东荣集贤一带为页岩气勘探的有利地区且以城子河组为最有利层段,而穆棱组次之,页岩油气资源潜力巨大。 相似文献
12.
Kinetic parameters were determined for the first time, via open-system pyrolyses, on algaenans (highly resistant biomacromolecules that are selectively preserved during kerogen formation) isolated from extant microalgae. Parallel studies were also carried out on 10 kerogens exhibiting, with one exception, a low level of maturity. These kerogens included samples chiefly derived from the selective preservation of the above algaenans and samples mainly, or almost exclusively, derived from the “natural vulcanization” pathway. Important differences in activation energy (Ea) distributions were observed between the four algaenans investigated and correlated with their chemical structures. The kerogens predominantly derived from algaenan-selective preservation (Pula alginite, NE 70 and BJ 248 Torbanites, Rundle Oil Shale) also exhibited pronounced differences in Ea distributions. These distributions provided: (i) information on the diversity of the source materials; and (ii) reflected the occurrence of important differences in chemical structures and thermal behaviour between three of the tested kerogens, even though they are all classified as low maturity type I. The Kimmeridge Clay samples and the Lorca Oil Shale showed broad Ea distributions shifted to low energies when compared with the above algaenans and kerogens. Such shifts reflect an important (or even almost exclusive for some of these kerogens) contribution of materials originating from sulphur incorporation into various lipids during early diagenesis. Finally, the kinetic data derived for the nine low maturity fossil samples were extrapolated to a very low, geological heating rate of 3°C Ma−1 and the generation rate curves and cumulative yield curves thus obtained were compared. 相似文献
13.
The effect of mineral matter on the laboratory pyrolysis of sediments, kerogens and coals, and of coal macerals mixed with either alumina, bentonite, kaolinite, or calcium carbonate has been investigated. Some minerals are more active than others in effecting changes in the composition of the pyrolysate. The relative content of low molecular weight pyrolysis products is higher for kerogens pyrolyzed in a mineral matrix than for isolated kerogens. Our limited data suggests that this is due to both condensation and gasification of higher molecular weight constituents in the ‘primary’ pyrolysate. Differences in the content of aromatic versus aliphatic compounds have been noted when pyrograms from coal macerals are compared with pyrograms from coal maceral-mineral mixtures. We conclude that mineralogy is important in controlling the composition of kerogen pyrolysis products. 相似文献
14.
A series of six fossil resins and four modern resins have been analysed using microscope-based spectral fluorescence methods, in addition to a preliminary study of the chemical composition of these samples using infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography. This study illustrates problems encountered during the measurement of spectral fluorescence of resins and resinite kerogens using conventional microscopy methods. Most notable, alteration of fluorescence significantly influences spectral measurements. Further, fossilized resins within rocks are complex mixtures of resinite and bitumen. Pre-extraction of resinites prior to petrographic analysis resulted in somewhat more uniform spectral fluorescence results.Spectral fluorescence of recent resins used in this study could be used to distinguish angiosperm from gymnosperm derived resinite kerogens. Distinction of plant class source of resinite kerogens, however, is more difficult using this method and is considered genarally unreliable. 相似文献
15.
Yuhong Liao Ansong Geng Yongqiang Xiong Dehan Liu Jialan Lu Jinzhong Liu Haizu Zhang Xinhua Geng 《Organic Geochemistry》2004,35(11-12):1479
Expulsion of petroleum from source rock is a complex part of the entire migration process. There exist fractional effects on chemical compositions in hydrocarbon expulsion. Does the carbon isotopic fractionation occur during expulsion and to what extent? Here the influence of hydrocarbon expulsion on carbon isotopic compositions of individual n-alkanes from pyrolysates of selected terrestrial kerogens from Tuha basin and Fushun, Liaoning Province of China has been experimentally studied. The pyrogeneration-expulsion experiments were carried out under semi-closed system. The carbon isotopic compositions of individual n-alkanes were measured by GC-IRMS. The main conclusions are as follows. First, there is carbon isotopic fractionation associated with hydrocarbon expulsion from Type III kerogens in Tuha Basin. There exist differences of carbon isotopic compositions between the unexpelled n-alkanes and expelled n-alkanes from Tuha desmocollinite and Tuha mudstone. Second, there is almost no carbon isotopic fractionation associated with hydrocarbon expulsion from Type II kerogens in Fushun and Liaohe Basin. Third, carbon isotopic fractionation in hydrocarbon expulsion should be considered in making oil-source correlation of Type III kerogens at least in the Tuha Basin. Further studies need to be carried out to determine whether this is true in other basins. Fourth, oil and source at different maturity levels cannot be correlated directly for Type III kerogens since the carbon isotopic compositions of expelled hydrocarbons at different temperatures are different. The expelled hydrocarbons are usually lighter (depleted in 13C) than the hydrocarbons remaining in the source rock at the same maturity. 相似文献
16.
Optical examinations, elemental analysis, i.r. spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis have been used to characterize the kerogens from the Logbaba (Upper Cretaceous) cores from the Douala Basin (Cameroon). It is shown that those kerogens are derived from the same type of organic matter, having mainly a land-plant origin. This conclusion fits very well that obtained from the examination of the soluble organic matter (see Part I). Thus the evolution of the properties of kerogens during burial is not due to a change in the nature of organic matter and can be related mainly to catagenesis. Owing to the existence of a high geothermal gradient in the basin and a sampling along a 4000 m thick sedimentary column, this evolution can be followed over a large range and correlated to the formation of petroleum and gas. 相似文献
17.
Pyrolysis kinetics are determined for a series of asphaltene samples associated with different types of kerogens. The activation energy distributions obtained for asphaltenes related to type I kerogens cover a wide range, with significant hydrocarbon generation with activation energies above 350 kJ/mol. The ranges of activation energy distributions are relatively narrow for asphaltenes associated with type II and III kerogens, with little hydrocarbons generated with activation energies above 350 kJ/mol. If the type of associated kerogen can be reasonably constrained, the pyrolysis kinetics of the asphaltenes is potentially a very useful tool for assessing the maturity levels of reservoired oils. The results of pyrolysis kinetics indicate that there is still significant potential for asphaltenes to regenerate hydrocarbons. 相似文献
18.
Ryoshi Ishiwatari Shigeo Morinaga Bernd R.T. Simoneit 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1985,49(8):1825-1835
Potassium permanganate oxidative degradations were conducted for kerogens isolated from Cretaceous black shales (DSDP Leg 41, Site 368), thermally altered during the Miocene by diabase intrusions and from unaltered samples heated under laboratory conditions (250–500°C).Degradation products of less altered kerogens are dominated by normal C4–C15 α,ω-dicarboxylic acids, with lesser amounts of n-C16 and n-C18 monocarboxylic acids, and benzene mono-to-tetracarboxylic acids. On the other hand, thermally altered kerogens show benzene di-to-tetracarboxylic acids as dominant degradation products, with lesser or no amounts (variable depending on the degree of thermal alteration) of α,ω-dicarboxylic acids. Essentially no differences between the oxidative degradation products of naturally- and artificially-altered kerogens are observed.As a result of this study, five indices of aromatization (total aromatic acids/kerogen; apparent aromaticity; benzenetetracarboxylic acids/total aromatic acids; benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid/benzenedicarboxylic acids; benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid/benzenetricarboxylic acids) and two indices of aliphatic character (Total aliphatic acids/kerogen; Aliphaticity) are proposed to characterize the degree of thermal alteration of kerogens.Furthermore, a good correlation is observed between apparent aromaticity estimated by the present KMnO4 oxidation method and that from the 13C NMR method (DENNIS et al., 1982). 相似文献
19.
Jian-bing Xu Bin Cheng Qian Deng Yun-gan Liang Oluwabamise Lekan Faboya Ze-wen Liao 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(6):886-900
There is a dearth of information about the distribution of trace elements in kerogen from shale rocks despite several reports on trace element composition in many shale samples. In this study, trace elements in shale rocks and their residual kerogens were determined by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. The results from this study show redox-sensitive elements relatively concentrated in the kerogens as compared to the shales. This may be primarily due to the adsorption and complexation ability of kerogen, which enables enrichment in Ni, Co, Cu, and Zn. For the rare earth elements (REEs), distinct distribution characteristics were observed for shales dominated by terrigenous minerals and their kerogen counterparts. However, shales with less input of terrigenous minerals showed similar REE distribution patterns to their residual kerogen. It is speculated that the distribution patterns of the REEs in shales and kerogens may be source-related. 相似文献
20.
A detailed investigation of kerogen oxidation products remaining in aqueous solutions after the usual isolation of degradation products by extraction with ether or precipitation, was carried out for the first time in kerogen structural studies. Three shale samples were investigated: Green River shale (type I kerogen), Toarcian shale, Paris Basin (type II), and Mannville shale, Canada (type III). The yields of acids from aqueous solutions were noticeable: 12.98, 15.32 and 22.32%, respectively, based on initial kerogens. Qualitative and quantitative capillary GC/MS analysis showed that the ratios of different kinds of identified acids depended much on the type of precursor kerogen. Some of the acids identified in aqueous solutions have not been found earlier among the degradation products of the same kerogen samples, or were obtained in different ranges and yields. Consequently, slight modifications were suggested of the image on the nature of various types of kerogens based on examination of ether-soluble acids only. Namely, slightly higher proportions of aromatic and alkane-polycarboxylic acids in the total oxidation products of both type I and type II kerogens indicated larger participation of aromatic and alicyclic and/or heterocyclic structures in these two kerogens. On the other hand, for type III Mannville shale kerogen, a somewhat larger share of aliphatic type structures was demonstrated. 相似文献