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1.
Statistical data on major, trace and rare-earth elements in wolframite from the quartz vein-and greisen-type tin deposits in the Dupangling orefield reveal: (1) The components in wolframite can be divided into two relatively independent groups: the WO3-Nb-Ta-Sc-REE group, in which WO3 is negatively correlated with the others and the FeO-MnO-Sn group, in which MnO is negatively correlated with the other two; (2) In general, REE fractionation is not significant, reflected mainly by the separation of Eu from other REE’s. LREE and HREE increase or decrease simultaneously, with HREE being more variable; (3) Nb, Ta, Sc, REE substitute for W, and Sn may enter into wolframite lattice accompanied by Fe-Mn substitution; (4) In contrast to wolframite in quartz veins, which is poor in REE, Nb, Ta and Sc and has highδ Eu values and LREE / HREE and Nb/Ta ratios, wolframite in greisen is rich in REE, Nb, Ta, Sc and has lowδ Eu values and LREE/HREE and Nb/Ta ratios; and (5) The contents and ratios of trace elements and REE partitioning parameters of wolframite can be used as guide for prospecting.  相似文献   

2.
We report new data on the major, minor and trace element compositions of metasedimentary quartzcordierite gneisses (QCG), an important member of the Archaean Malene supracrustal suite found throughout the Godthåbsfjord region of West Greenland. The analyzed QCG contain assemblages of quartz+cordierite+biotite±garnet±anthophyllite/gedrite±staurolite±sillimanite±plagioclase (with abundant accessory zircon, and minor rutile, monazite and allanite), and broadly resemble cordierite-orthoamphibole rocks found in a great number of other metamorphic terrains. Chemically, the QCG are characterized by: (1) high but variable SiO2 (59–87 wt%), relative enrichments in MgO, FeO, and Al2O3 (mg～0.35–0.85), and depletions in Na2O, K2O and especially CaO; (2) low concentrations of Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, and Sr; (3) high concentrations of Y, Nb, Zr, Hf, Ta, Th, U, and REE (rare earth elements)-with prominent negative Eu-anomalies in each case; (5) high concentrations of Ga (18–55 ppm), with variable Ga/Al ratios that are significantly higher than average crustal material. Low Cr and Ni, together with enriched and fractionated REE (displaying negative Eu-anomalies), distinguish the Malene QCG from published accounts of most other Archaean sedimentary rocks. Furthermore, all of the above-mentioned trace element characteristics distinguish the QCG from “ordinary” Malene clastic metasediments (quartzites, psammites, and pelites), suggesting a separate origin for the QCG. These data point towards chemically evolved felsic igneous rocks being the source of the QCG. Consequently, we propose that the Malene QCG represent metamorphosed felsic volcaniclastic sediments that underwent hydrothermal alteration by heated seawater prior to metamorphism, which resulted in gain of Mg (and Fe?), loss of alkalis and lime, and possibly Eu and Sr. The overall trace-element characteristics of the QCG (elevated Ga, Zr, Nb, REE, etc.) are features shared by A-type granites and their volcanic equivalents. Such igneous rocks may represent the ultimate source material for the QCG protolith.  相似文献   

3.
徐家湾二长花岗岩体位于北淮阳构造带内桐柏-桐城与郯城-庐江两大断裂的交汇处,岩体呈岩株状侵入新元古界老变质岩层中。本文利用原子吸收光谱和ICP-MS法测定了岩体主量和微量元素的含量,表明岩体具SiO2和Al2O3较高、富碱、过铝质、Mg#小等特征。大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Ba富集,Sr亏损;高场强元素(HFSE)Y、Th、Nb、Hf、U富集,Ta、P、Ti亏损;岩体整体亏损HFSE,富集LILE;LaN/YbN与LREEs/HREEs值均较大,具较弱的δCe负异常,显示该岩体为过铝质A型花岗。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得徐家湾二长花岗岩侵位年龄在128.0±0.9~129.6±1.4 Ma之间,是早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。研究认为徐家湾二长花岗岩体形成于造山后的伸展环境,形成岩体的岩浆源于岩石圈地幔,并受到地壳物质的混染。  相似文献   

4.
Compared to other mafic and ultramafic rocks from the CCSD main borehole as well as from the outcrops, rocks from the 540-600 m section is extraordinary in terms of its geophysical as well as geochemical properties. It consists of > 70% hematite-ilmenite garnet pyroxenite (HI-GPX) and < 30% intercalated rutile garnet pyroxenite (R-GPX). Whole-rock geochemical data show that HI-GPXs have: (1) relatively high V with an average of 606 ppm, but lower Nb and Ta; (2) highest TFeO, Fe2O3/FeO ratio, and highly variable but strong positive Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu? up to 2.9; (3) anomalously high V/Sc ratios ranging from 8.39 to 43.23, average 15.03; and (4) high amounts of hematite-ilmenite solid solutions with a very fine intergrowth structure down to nanometer scale. V/Sc ratios in the CCSD garnet pyroxenites are correlated negatively with MgO, but positively with Fe2O3/FeO ratios. Both suites of pyroxenites have similar rare earth elements and high field strength elements geochemistry. These features demonstrate that these pyroxenites were formed from metamorphism of high-Fe and/or -Ti gabbroic cumulates. This can account not only for low high field strength elements (HFSE) and rare earth elements (REE) but also low Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios in these rocks. Seemingly negative correlation between Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf in the CCSD metabasites, not significantly affected by UHP metamorphism, is also consistent with the silicate differentiation trend in a basaltic magma chamber.  相似文献   

5.
The main hole (MH) of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project (CCSD) in southern Sulu has penetrated into an ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rock slice which consists of orthogneiss, paragneiss, eclogite, ultramafic rock and minor schist. Recovered eclogites have a UHP metamorphic mineral assemblage of garnet + omphacite + rutile ± phengite ± kyanite ± coesite ± epidote. Ultramafic rocks contain garnet + olivine + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene ± Ti-clinohumite ± phlogopite. Gneisses and schists contain an amphibolite-facies paragenesis, but their zircons have coesite, garnet, omphacite (or jadeite) and phengite inclusions, indicating that eclogites and gneisses have been subjected to in situ UHP metamorphism. Using available geothermobarometers, P–T estimates of 3.1–4.4 GPa and 678–816°C for eclogites were obtained. If surface outcrops and neighboring shallow drill holes are considered together, we suggest that a huge supracrustal rock slab (> 50 km long × 100 km wide × 5 km deep) was subducted to a depth > 100 km and then exhumed to the surface. The depth interval (0–2,050 m) of the CCSD-MH can be divided into six lithological units. Unit 1 consists of alternating layers of quartz-rich and rutile-rich eclogites, with thin interlayers of gneiss and schist. Eclogites of unit 1 are characterized by Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti depletions, low Mg number and general LREE enrichment. Unit 2 comprises rutile- and ilmenite-rich eclogite and minor “normal” eclogite and is characterized by high TiO2, total Fe, V, Co and Sr, and very low SiO2, alkali, Zr, Ba, Nb, Ta and total REE contents, and LREE-depleted REE patterns with slightly positive Eu anomalies. Unit 3 contains ultramafic rock and minor MgO-rich eclogite. Protoliths of UHP rocks from units 1, 2 and 3 represent a layered mafic to ultramafic intrusion at crustal depth. Units 4 and 6 consist of interlayered eclogite and paragneiss; the eclogites are characterized by Th, U, Nb, Ta and Ti depletion and K enrichment and LREE-enriched REE patterns. Paragneisses show Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti depletions and LREE-enriched REE patterns occasionally with slightly negative Eu anomalies, indicating that their protoliths represent metamorphic supracrustal series. Unit 5 consists mainly of orthogneisses, showing distinct Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti depletions, and LREE-enriched REE patterns with pronounced negative Eu anomalies, suggesting granitic protoliths. In conclusion it is proposed that the southern Sulu UHP belt consists of a series of meta-supracrustal rocks, a layered mafic–ultramafic complex and granites.  相似文献   

6.
胶东北部碱性超基性脉岩地球化学特征及环境和成因探讨   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  
胶东地区脉岩属碱性超基性岩系(Na2O+K2O=4.67%～5.43%;SiO2=36.70%～39.99%),岩性为单一的橄榄辉石岩。从主量元素(包括CIPW标准矿物组成)和过渡元素组成来看,该岩系近似原始岩浆组成。电子探针结果显示:橄榄石为富镁质橄榄石(贵橄榄石)(Fo=71～90),单斜辉石为透辉石(次透辉石为主)。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Sr、Th和Ba),但不具有高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf)的亏损,表明岩石形成于大陆板内环境,为地幔橄榄岩低度部分熔融(3.4%)的产物。同时,它具有大陆边缘弧的特性,暗示其为一种滞后型弧岩浆作用的产物。稀土元素特征显示,岩石强烈富集LREE,而相对亏损HREE,暗示了源区的富集特性。Eu/Eu*=0.89～1.00,总体不表现明显的负Eu异常,暗示斜长石不是主要的分馏矿物相。结合板内碱性岩石的矿物结晶顺序认为,本区岩浆分馏以较弱的橄榄石分馏为主。  相似文献   

7.
The middle segment of the northern margin of the North China Craton （NCC） consists mainly of metamorphosed Archean Dantazi Complex, Paleoproterozoic Hongqiyingzi Complex and unmetamorphosed gabbro-anorthosite-meta-alkaline granite, as well as metamorphosed Late Paleozoic mafic to granitoid rocks in the Damiao-Changshaoying area. The -2.49 Ga Dantazi Complex comprises dioritic-trondhjemitic-granodoritic-monzogranitic gneisses metamorphosed in amphibolite to granulite facies. Petrochemical characteristics reveal that most of the rocks belong to a medium- to high-potassium calc-alkaline series, and display Mg^# less than 40, right-declined REE patterns with no to obviously positive Eu anomalies, evidently negative Th, Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies in primitive mantlenormalized spider diagrams, εNd（t）=＋0.65 to -0.03, and depleted mantle model ages TDM=2.78-2.71 Ga. Study in petrogenesis indicates that the rocks were formed from magmatic mixing between mafic magma from the depleted mantle and granitoid magma from partial melting of recycled crustal mafic rocks in a continental margin setting. The 2.44-2.41 Ga Hongqiyingzi Complex is dominated by metamorphic mafic-granodioritic-monzogranitic gneisses, displaying similar petrochemical features to the Dantazi Complex, namely medium to high potassium calc-alkaline series, and the mafic rocks show evident change in LILEs, negative Th, Nb, Ta, Zr anomalies and positive P anomalies. And the other granitiod samples also exhibit negative Th, Nb, Ta, P and Ti anomalies. All rocks in the Hongqiyingzi Complex show right-declined REE patterns without Eu anomaly. The metamorphic mafic rocks with εNd（t） = -1.64 may not be an identical magmatic evolution series with granitoids that have εNd（t） values of ＋3.19 to ＋1.94 and TDM ages of 2.55-2.52 Ga. These granitic rocks originated from hybrid between mafic magma from the depleted mantle and magma from partial melting of juvenile crustal mafic rocks in an island arc setting. All the -311 Ma Late Paleozoic metamorphic mafic rocks and related granitic rocks show a medium-potassium calc-alkaline magmatic evolution series, characterized by high Mg^#, obviously negative Th, Nb, Ta anomalies and positive Sr anomalies, from no to strongly negative Ti anomalies and flat REE patterns with εNd（t） = ＋8.42, implying that the maflc magma was derived from the depleted mantle. However the other granitic rocks are characterized by right-declined REE patterns with no to evidently positive Eu anomalies, significantly low εNd（t） = -13.37 to -14.04, and TDM=1.97-1.96 Ga, revealing that the granitoid magma was derived from hybrid between maflc magma that came from -311 Ma depleted mantle and granitoid magma from Archean to Early Paleoproterozoic ancient crustal recycling. The geochemistry and Nd isotopic characteristics as well as the above geological and geochronological results indicate that the middle segment of the northern margin of the NCC mainly experienced four crustal growth episodes from Archean to Late Paleozoic, which were dominated by three continental marginal arc accretions （-2.49, -2.44 and 311 Ma）, except the 1.76-1.68 Ga episode related to post-collisional extension, revealing that the crustal accretion of this segment was chiefly generated from arc accretion and amalgamation to the NCC continental block.  相似文献   

8.
本文在研究西藏北拉萨块体中段桑心日岩体中的暗色包体时发现了一种具有特殊岩石成因的暗色包体。暗色包体呈椭球状,在暗色包体和寄主岩的接触面上通常形成一个明显的可能由风化作用造成的间隙面。暗色包体为二长玢岩-花岗闪长玢岩,寄主岩为花岗岩,暗色包体明显较寄主岩更基性,更富Na_2O、CaO、MgO和Fe_2O_3~T。暗色包体和寄主岩具有明显不同的稀土元素特征,暗色包体的稀土元素含量变化较大,最基性样品具有最高的稀土含量,随着基性程度的降低稀土元素含量明显下降。随着岩浆的进一步演化,岩浆向花岗岩方向演化,稀土含量又逐步升高。寄主岩和暗色包体具有基本一致的微量元素组成,具有典型的弧岩浆岩的特征,富集Rb、Cs、K等大离子亲石元素和Th、U,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素。此外,暗色包体和寄主岩具有明显的Ba、Sr的负异常。暗色包体成岩年龄为75. 6±1. 2Ma,寄主岩的成岩年龄为71. 8±0. 6Ma,暗色包体成岩年龄较寄主岩早约4Myr。两者具有一致的锆石原位Lu-Hf同位素特征。综合以上岩相学、年代学、元素地球化学和同位素地球化学证据,我们认为桑心日暗色包体和寄主岩来源于同源母岩浆,初始岩浆在母岩浆房中经历了不同程度的含钾角闪石结晶分离作用,并沿早期较弱的构造裂隙侵入到地壳的某一层位,随着构造活动进一步加剧,经过进一步分异母岩浆大规模上侵,并将早先侵位处于半塑性状态的暗色包体侵吞、裹挟至近地表。桑心日暗色包体最可能的成因模式可以解释为同源岩浆不同期次间的物理混合。  相似文献   

9.
The geochemistry of sediments is primarily controlled by their provenances, and different tectonic settings have distinctive provenance characteristics and sedimentary processes. So, it is possible to discriminate provenances, depositional environments and tectonic settings in the development of a sedimentary basin with the geochemistry of the clastic rocks. The analytical results of the present paper demonstrate that sediments in the Songliao prototype basin are enriched in silica (SiO2=66.48-80.51 %), and their ΣREE are 30-130 dmes of that of chondrite with remarkable Eu anomalies. In discriminating diagrams of Eu/Eu vs eeeeeREE and (La/Yb)N vs ΣREE, most samples locate above the line Eu/ Eu=l, on the right of the line Eu/Eu/ΣREE=1 and under the line La/Yb)N/eeeeeREE=1/8, which indicates that the depositional environment of sediments in the basin was oxidizing. In addition, variations of MgO, TiO2, A12O3, FeO+Fe2O3, Na2O and CaO vs SiO2 reflect a tendency of increasing mineral maturity of sediments  相似文献   

10.
The Jinshajiang–Red River alkaline igneous belt in the eastern Indian–Asian collision zone, of southwestern China, hosts abundant, economically important Cu–Mo–Au mineralization of Cenozoic age. Major- and trace-element compositions of titanites from representative Cu-mineralized intrusions determined by LA-ICP-MS show higher values for Fe2O3/Al2O3, ΣREE?+?Y, LREE/HREE, Ce/Ce*, (Ce/Ce*)/(Eu/Eu*), U, Th, Ta, Nb and Ga, and lower values for Al2O3, CaO, Eu/Eu*, Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta and Sr than those for titanites from barren intrusions. Different ΣREE?+?Y, LREE/HREE, U, Th, Ta and Nb values of titanites between Cu-mineralized and barren intrusions were controlled mainly by the coexisting melt compositions. However, different Sr concentrations and negative Eu anomalies of titanites between Cu-mineralized and barren intrusions were most probably caused by different degrees of crystallization of feldspar from melts. In addition, different Ga concentrations and positive Ce anomalies of titanites between Cu-mineralized and barren intrusions were most likely caused by different magmatic fO2 conditions. Pronounced compositional differences of titanites between Cu-mineralized and barren intrusions can provide a useful tool to help discriminate between ore-bearing and barren intrusions at an early stage of exploration, and, thus, have a potential application in exploration for porphyry Cu deposits in the Jinshajiang – Red River alkaline igneous belt, and to other areas.  相似文献   

11.
新疆伊宁地块晚泥盆世火山岩的确认及其地质意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
最新发现的泥盆纪火山岩位于西天山伊犁地块北缘,主要岩石组成为流纹岩,英安岩夹少量安山岩。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,尼勒克北流纹岩类的形成时代一致,分别为369.7±4.9Ma,363.4±2.5Ma,均为晚泥盆世。岩石SiO2含量较高且变化范围较宽,Al2O3含量较高,富碱,贫镁和钙,高FeOT/MgO+FeOT比值,低TiO2,里特曼指数δ较小(1.09~2.88),A/CNK值变化较大(0.8~1.46),属于钙碱性过铝-准铝质低钛流纹岩类。稀土元素总量(∑REE)变化较大(80.66×10-6~241.8×10-6),稀土配分模式为轻稀土富集右倾((La/Yb)N=5.96~7.82),铕负异常明显(Eu/Eu*=0.47~0.86),相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,较高的Rb/Sr、Nb/Ta和Th/Ta比值(分别为0.18~5.15,11.18~13.96,3.54~9.5),较低的Ti/Zr、Ti/Y及Ta/Yb比值(分别为4.95~25.79,43.7~295.5,0.45~1.29),这些地球化学特征表明其可能为上地壳部分熔融的产物,源区残留物组成可能为斜长石和角闪石,同时显示其具有大陆边缘弧亲缘性,这与西天山在早石炭世处于岛弧环境相匹配,即在晚泥盆世-早石炭世期间,准噶尔洋向伊犁-中天山地块之下发生俯冲,形成了伊犁地块北缘的大陆边缘弧岩浆带。尼勒克北晚泥盆世流纹岩类成岩时代的确定及构造环境分析为进一步认识伊犁地块北缘地区的构造演化提供了新的证据。  相似文献   

12.
The Boziguoer A-type granitoids in Baicheng County,Xinjiang,belong to the northern margin of the Tarim platform as well as the neighboring EW-oriented alkaline intrusive rocks.The rocks comprise an aegirine or arfvedsonite quartz alkali feldspar syenite,an aegirine or arfvedsonite alkali feldspar granite,and a biotite alkali feldspar syenite.The major rock-forming minerals are albite,K-feldspar,quartz,arfvedsonite,aegirine,and siderophyllite.The accessory minerals are mainly zircon,pyrochlore,thorite,fluorite,monazite,bastnaesite,xenotime,and astrophyllite.The chemical composition of the alkaline granitoids show that SiO2 varies from 64.55％ to 72.29％ with a mean value of 67.32％,Na2O＋K2O is high （9.85％-11.87％） with a mean of 11.14％,K2O is 2.39％-5.47％ （mean =4.73％）,the K2O/Na2O ratios are 0.31-0.96,Al2O3 ranges from 12.58％ to 15.44％,and total FeOT is between 2.35％ and 5.65％.CaO,MgO,MnO,and TiO2 are low.The REE content is high and the total SREE is （263-1219） ppm （mean =776 ppm）,showing LREE enrichment and HREE depletion with strong negative Eu anomalies.In addition,the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the alkaline granitoids belong to the ＂seagull＂ pattern of the right-type.The Zr content is （113-1246） ppm （mean =594 ppm）,Zr＋Nb＋Ce＋Y is between （478-2203） ppm with a mean of 1362 ppm.Furthermore,the alkaline granitoids have high HFSE （Ga,Nb,Ta,Zr,and Hf） content and low LILE （Ba,K,and Sr） content.The Nb/Ta ratio varies from 7.23 to 32.59 （mean =16.59） and the Zr/Hf ratio is 16.69-58.04 （mean =36.80）.The zircons are depleted in LREE and enriched in HREE.The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the zircons are of the ＂seagull＂ pattern of the left-inclined type with strong negative Eu anomaly and without a Ce anomaly.The Boziguoer A-type granitoids share similar features with A1-type granites.The average temperature of the granitic magma was estimated at 832-839℃.The Boziguoer A-type granitoids show crust-mantle mixing and may have formed in an anorogenic intraplate tectonic setting under high-temperature,anhydrous,and low oxygen fugacity conditions.  相似文献   

13.
对大兴安岭北段图里河地区满克头鄂博组火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学研究,以便对其岩石成因和构造背景给予制约。流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该地区满克头鄂博组火山岩形成时代为晚侏罗世(157±1Ma)。该组火山岩具有高硅(Si O2=69.09%~75.92%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.04%~9.23%),贫镁、铁、钙的特征,属高钾钙碱性、偏铝质-弱过铝质岩石;稀土元素配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾形式,(La/Yb)N=5.85~13.53,无铕异常或具有较弱的铕负异常;火山岩样品富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素。Mg#值为12.14~31.01,平均值22,Nb/Ta值(6.67~27.17,平均值12.23),Rb/Sr值(0.35~3.63,平均值1.58),显示火山岩岩浆源区为下地壳。依据岩石地球化学特征、构造判别图解,结合区域构造演化特征,认为满克头鄂博组火山岩形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合的造山后伸展背景。  相似文献   

14.
The late Archean (~3.0–2.5 Ga) was a key period of continental growth globally, which is widely considered to reflect the onset of vigorous plate tectonic activity, although related continental growth modes remain contentious. Here we investigate a suite of late Neoarchean metavolcanic rocks from the southwest Qixia area of the Jiaobei terrane in the North China Craton. The rocks in this suite include amphibolites, clinopyroxene amphibolites, and hornblende plagioclase gneisses. We present zircon U-Pb isotopic data which indicate that the protoliths of these rocks formed during ~2549–2511 Ma.The (clinopyroxene) amphibolites correspond to meta-basaltic rocks, with some containing high modal content of titanite. These rocks show moderate to high FeOT (8.96–13.62 wt.%) and TiO2 (0.59–1.59 wt.%), flat to less fractionated REE patterns, and mildly negative Th, Nb, and Ta anomalies, resembling those of Fe-tholeiites. In addition, they display positive zircon ?Hf(t) values (+2.6 to +8.7), and are devoid of crustal contamination or fractional crystallization. Combined with the low Nb/Yb (mostly < 1.60) and (Hf/Sm)N (mostly < 0.95), low to moderate Th/Yb (0.08–0.54), and low V/Sc (5.53–9.19) ratios, these basaltic rocks are interpreted to have been derived from a relatively reduced and depleted mantle source that was mildly metasomatized by hydrous fluids. The hornblende plagioclase gneisses are meta-andesitic rocks, and occur interlayered with the basaltic rocks. They are transitional between tholeiitic and calc-alkaline rock series, and show fractionated REE patterns with evidently negative Th, Nb, and Ta anomalies. The depleted zircon ?Hf(t) values (+2.4 to +8.4) and quantitative chemical modeling suggest that the andesitic rocks were most likely generated by injection and mixing of juvenile felsic magmas with the tholeiitic basaltic magmas.In general, the chemical features and genesis of late Neoarchean meta-basaltic rocks in our study area resemble those of Mariana back-arc basin basalts. Combined with regional geological data, it is proposed that the Jiaobei terrane witnessed late Neoarchean crustal growth under a paired continental arc-back arc setting. On a regional context, we propose two distinct geodynamic mode of late Neoarchean continental growth across North China Craton (particularly the Eastern Block), i.e., (1) arc-continent accretion along northwestern part of the Eastern Block; and (2) paired continental arc-back arc system surrounding the ~3.8–2.7 Ga continental nuclei to the southeast.  相似文献   

15.
Sandstones and shales from the Upper Neoproterozoic (UN) succession in the Central Iberian Zone (CIZ) show parallel REE patterns and relatively restricted and similar ranges and average values of some element ratios such as Al2O3/TiO2, Ti/Nb, Eu/Eu*, (La/Yb)n, (Gd/Yb)n and Th/U. This remarkable geochemical homogeneity for related medium- and fine-grained rocks is unusual, and strongly suggests a recycled source area. However, the Lower Cambrian (LC) equivalent rocks are, in general terms, geochemically less mature, more heterogeneous and more fractionated. Their average REE patterns are practically coincident, probably as a consequence of REE redistribution related to the reworking of sediments during a stage of sea level fall in Lower Cambrian times. Ti and Zr abundances, chemical index of alteration (CIA) values and element ratios such as Al2O3/TiO2, K/Rb, Ti/Nb and Rb/Zr can be used for discriminating purposes between the UN and LC siliciclastic rocks. Detrital zircons from a UN and a LC sandstone display morphological differences. However, U-Pb data are discordant and cannot be interpreted in a straightforward manner. Nevertheless, age data are compatible with a model in which the continent of Gondwana would have supplied zircons, showing a bimodal age distribution, in variable proportions to the respective sandstone units.  相似文献   

16.
Rare earth elements (REE) from La to Ho were mobile and enriched in hydrothermally altered rocks below the Archean Phelps Dodge Cu-Zn volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit in northwestern Quebec. Largest net enrichment was in the moderately altered quartz-chlorite zone where La concentration increased six-fold and LaNYbN steepened from 1.9 to 13.0; the intensely altered chloritite zone had both minor net REE enrichment and depletion. Yb and Lu were immobile throughout both zones. The mobile REE were added and subtracted in constant chondrite-normalized inter-REE proportions: 1.0 La, 0.79 Ce, 0.57 Nd, 0.49 Sm, 0.01 Eu, 0.10 Tb and 0.02 Hb. Small additions of Eu relative to generally larger additions of LREE and Tb produced enhanced negative Eu-anomalies. The REE were mobilized at the hot (>300 C) core of the alteration system and deposited at the cooler periphery. Other sites of intense alteration and water/rock interaction display similar REE changes, indicating that selective REE enrichment at constant inter-REE ratios is a widespread phenomenon.  相似文献   

17.
刘加强 《地质与勘探》2012,48(3):508-517
[摘 要] 滇东南地区上二叠统吴家坪阶下部铝土矿不整合于峨眉山玄武岩或灰岩之上,查明其物质来源对铝土矿勘探具有重要意义。对铝土矿及峨眉山大火成岩省玄武岩、花岗岩及下伏灰岩的地球化学指标进行研究,结果表明:滇东南铝土矿常量元素主要由SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3、TiO2 和FeO 组成;铝土矿中富集Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 元素,表明Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 等高场强元素在滇东南地区铝土矿矿化过程中较为稳定,且Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 表现出良好的相关性;铝土矿球粒陨石标准化曲线与峨眉山玄武岩配分曲线趋势一致,均富集轻稀土元素,而与下伏灰岩差异较大,且Zr-Hf、Nb-Ta 图解与峨眉山玄武岩呈线性关系,而与矮郎河过铝质花岗岩的相关性不强。据此推断滇东南地区上二叠统吴家坪阶下部铝土矿主要物质来源为峨眉山玄武岩。  相似文献   

18.
This study shows that the intrusive rocks distributed in the Aoyiqieke-Tamuqi area on the southern margin of the Tarim Block are composed of gabbro, diorite, granodiorite and granite, which constitute regionally a nearly EW-trending tectono-magmatic belt. Petrochemically the diorite, granodiorite and granite belong to the calc-alkaline, high-K series, with Na2O/K2O ratios varying between 0.83 and 2.63. M/F ratios in the diorite are within the range of 0.44–0.70 and those of the granodiorite ( granite) are 0.45–0.87. Petrochemistry data show that the intrusive complexes are of the I type and their ΣREE is slightly variable, within the range of 178.31–229.01 × 10−6. The LREE/HREE ratios of the diorite and granite are 3.78–5.13 and 6.69–7.66, respectively. The plutons usually show moderate negative Eu anomalies with δEu values ranging from 0.53 to 0.82, showing almost no difference among different rocks. The (La/Yb)N values of diorite and granite are 12.39−14.86 and 22.07−26.03, respectively. The diorite and granite possess very similar REE distribution patterns, indicating that they were both derived from the same source. As for their trace element ratios, the diorite has higher Nb/Ta ratios than the granite, which are 15.73−17.16 and 12.03−15.01, respectively. It can be seen that the Nb/Ta ratios of the diorite are much closer to the average mantle (17.5). Their Zr/Hf ratios are very close to each other, within the range of 29−34. Th/Y ratios in the diorite are 0.42−0.80 (all less than unity) while those of the granite are 1.02−2.04. Some difference is also noticed in Ti/V between the diorite and the granite (52.6−54.2 for the former and 52.6−54.2 for the latter). As compared with ocean ridge granites, both diorite and granite are characterized by remarkable LILE enrichment, as well as by moderate negative Ba and postive Ce anomalies. The contents of Nb and Ta in the diorite and granite are equivalent to those of the ocean ridge granites, but the contents of Zr, Hf, Sm, Y, and Yb are all lower than those of the ocean ridge granites, indicating that these granites are similar to the island-arc granites of Chile. From their geochemical characteristics, it is considered that the intrusive rocks in the area studied were formed in an island-arc environment at the continental margin.  相似文献   

19.
Five Devonian plutons (West Charleston, Echo Pond, Nulhegan, Derby, and Willoughby) that constitute the Northeast Kingdom batholith in Vermont show wide ranges in elemental abundances and ratios consistent with major crustal contributions during their evolution. The batholith consists of metaluminous quartz gabbro, diorite and quartz monzodiorite, peraluminous granodiorite and granite, and strongly peraluminous leucogranite. Contents of major elements vary systematically with increasingSiO<2 (48 to 77 wt.%). The batholith has calc-alkaline features, for example a Peacock index of 57, and values for K<2O/Na2O (<1), K/Rb (60–350), Zr/Hf (30–50), Nb/Ta (2–22), Hf/Ta (up to 10), and Rb/Zr (<2) in the range of plutonic rocks found in continental magmatic ares. Wide diversity and high values of minor- and trace-element ratios, including Th/Ta (0.5–22), Th/Yb (0–27), Ba/La (0–80), etc., are attributed to intracrustal contributions. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of metaluminous and relatively mafic intrusives have slightly negative slopes (La/Ybcn<10) and negative Eu anomalies are small orabsent. The metaluminous to peraluminous inter-mediate plutons are relatively enriched in the light REE (La/Ybcn>40) and have small negative Eu anomalies. The strongly peraluminous Willoughby leucogranite has unique trace-element abundances and ratios relative to the rest of the batholith, including low contents of Hf, Zr, Sr, and Ba, low values of K/Rb (80–164), Th/Ta (<9), Rb/Cs (7–40), K/Cs (0.1–0.5), Ce/Pb (0.5–4), high values of Rb/Sr (1–18) low to moderate REE contents and light-REE enriched patterns (with small negative Eu anomalies). Flat REE patterns (with large negative Eu anomalies) are found in a small, hydrothermally-altered area characterized by high abundances of Sn (up to 26 ppm), Rb (up to 670 ppm), Li (up to 310 ppm), Ta (up to 13.1 ppm), and U (up to 10 ppm). There is no single mixing trend, fractional crystallization assemblage, or assimilationscheme that accounts for all trace elementvariations from quartz gabbro to granite in the Northeast Kingdom batholith. The plutons originated by mixing mantle-derived components and crustal melts generated at different levels in the heterogeneous lithosphere in a continental collisional environment. Hybrid rocks in the batholith evolved by fractional crystallization and assimilation of country rocks (<50% by mass), and some of the leucogranitic rocks were subsequently disturbed by a mild hydrothermal event that resulted in the deposition of small amounts of sulfide minerals.  相似文献   

20.
陕西省西南部铧厂沟火山岩以英安岩为主(～ 90vol％),夹玄武岩构造透镜体(～ 10vol％).玄武岩SiO2含量为43.6％ ～ 54.7％,具有低K、Ti,高Na、Mg的特征;稀土总量为24×10-6 ～29×10-6,中稀土轻微富集,Eu、Sr轻微正异常;具有正Rb、Ba异常及负Nb、Zr异常,LaN/YbN值为1.81 ～2.87,Th/Yb值为0.19 ～0.23,Th/Nb值为0.11 ～0.20,Nb/La值为0.26～0.70,Hf/Th值为0.50 ～ 0.67,显示亚碱性弧玄武岩的特征.英安岩SiO2含量为59.5％～ 72.3％,稀土总量较低(116×10-6～187 × 10-6),为右倾式配分模式,Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、Th、K等),亏损高场强元素(如Nb、P、Ti、Ta等),显示弧火山岩地球化学特征.获得玄武岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为801.7±4.7Ma (MSWD=1.18;n=12),英安岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为802.1±5.3Ma (MSWD=1.02;n=19),二者在误差范.内一致.因此,铧厂沟火山岩是一套火山弧环境的亚碱性玄武质-英安质火山岩组合,表明新元古代曾有大洋板块向南俯冲到扬子古板块北缘之下;这套火山岩裹挟于泥盆系沉积地层中,与泥盆系地层一起,共同组成了一套由晚古生代-三叠纪勉略洋闭合所致的构造混杂岩带.  相似文献   

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