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试论煤田(矿)水文地质问题及勘探技术方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
"西部水荒,东部水害"是我国煤炭资源开发的两大水文地质问题,目前煤田(矿)水文地质工作主要问题有煤矿建设水资源保障能力不足、矿井水害威胁影响煤矿安全生产和服务年限、矿区水环境问题突出等.相应的研究内容为合理开发利用矿区供水水源、矿井防治水技术研究和水环境影响及防治措施研究.现行的勘探技术方法有综合物探技术方法、地下水化学及同位素研究和模型技术等. 相似文献
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煤矿水的防治，一直是矿区生产中遇到的一大难题。随着重力勘探精度的不断提高及方法本身的特点，在解决这类地质问题上具有较好的地质效果和应用前景，本文以重力勘探的原理出发，进行了深入的论证，并通过大量实例说明了这一点。 相似文献
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在分析深部煤矿床就位机制和理清影响深部矿井安全高效开采各种地质因素的基础上,将深部煤矿床勘查类型划分为2类5型12亚类,讨论了不同勘查类型的地质保障任务、勘查方略与技术保障体系:新区和老矿区的深部煤炭资源勘查采取"快速扫面、筛选靶区、地面物探先行、深钻验证"方略;生产矿井深部资源勘查采取"物探先行、井下钻探验证";采区地质条件探测实施"物探先行、长钻验证";工作面地质条件探测实行"井下物探先行、长钻验证、短钻保证、巷探跟踪"。采取地面与井下结合的立体式勘查模式,优化配套勘查技术开展综合勘探,通过多手段相互补充与多成果互相验证,为深部矿井生产建设提供可靠的地质保障,是解决"有煤难采"问题的关键。 相似文献
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无线电波透视技术是煤矿工作面采前预测的有效物探手段之一。该技术通过在鹤壁矿区的实际应用，在探测工作面内小断层、薄煤带及陷落柱等地质异常方面取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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本文依据现场实地调查资料，采用物探手段，综合考虑该矿区的地质环境背景和人类开采活动，阐述了依兰煤矿二矿矿坑突水的灾害现状，初步进行了成因机制的探讨，同时提出了进一步工作的建议。 相似文献
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煤矿地震数据管理系统是针对煤矿生产实际需求而开发的一套地质保障软件,是利用煤矿三维地震的数据体信息来实现地质保障功能的.它除了具有常规的三维地震资料解释功能外,还具有相干技术、方差技术、小波变换技术和提取21个属性参数等多种解决煤矿地质问题的手段.此系统在许厂煤矿430采区的实际应用中取得了良好的效果. 相似文献
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为了保障煤矿生产的安全,三维地震勘探在煤田采区主要解决构造问题,因各地区地质情况的复杂程度不同,解释的准确度也有不同。随着计算机和物探技术方法的发展,煤田采区三维地震勘探资料的高信噪比、高分辨率为地震资料的精细解释提供了可能。笔者利用小波分析技术、方差体技术、图象处理等多种方法,结合已知采区的实例,对小断层做了精细构造解释,提高了三维地震资料的构造解释的精度。 相似文献
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蒲白矿区的南桥井田，断裂构造十分发育，成为影响煤矿安全、高效生产的一个主要地质因素。本文通过大量实际资料，分析了断裂构造的发育及组合规律，并对其成因进行了初步探讨。其结论对煤矿生产有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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新疆晚奥陶世床板珊瑚、日射珊瑚及其生物地层学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新疆晚奥世床板珊瑚、日射珊瑚化石现已发现44属.152种.本文建立了三个床板珊瑚组合(Catenipora-Eofletcheria组合,Agetolites-Rhabdotetradium组合,Procatenipora-Para-tetradium组合)和二个日射珊瑚组合(Fuyunolites组合,Plasmoporella组合).根据珊瑚的分布规律,推测晚奥陶世新疆存在环准噶尔海和环塔里木海两个海区,并推测现北纬20°—80°为当时热带和亚热带气候区,古赤道位于现北纬50°位置.新疆当时处于赤道以南热带和亚热带范围,致使床板珊瑚、日射珊瑚空前繁盛. 相似文献
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应用扫描电子显微镜对白山地区新厂期上斜正笔石式树形笔石的体壁进行了能谱分析，测出了笔石体壁中的Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ａｌ、Ｆｅ、Ｓｉ、Ｓ、Ｋ７种元素的含量，其中Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｆｅ、Ｓｉ、Ｓ、Ｋ６种元素含量稳定，含量从高到低依次为Ｆｅ，Ｓｉ、Ａｌ、Ｓ、Ｍｇ、Ｋ。这６种元素可能是构成笔石体壁原始化学成分中的重要元素。 相似文献
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报道了甘肃礼县鲁班石地区石炭纪地层中新获得牙形刺化石14属26种，其中12属22种为新发现，包括：Declinognathodus laterahs, D. noduliferus noduliferus, Gnathodus bilineatus costiformis, G. bilineatus bilineatus,Gondolella gymna, G. xinjiangensis, Neognathodus bassleri, Neoprioniodus barbatus, ldiognathodus claviformis, I.delicatus, I. klapperi, ldiognathoides sinuatus, I. sulcatus, Lochriea commutata, Ligonodina typa, Lonchodina tarimensis, L. bischoffi, Lonchodus simplex, Streptognathodus expansus, S. parvus, S. suberectus, Ozarkodina hindei。其中Streptognathodus , Declinognathodus , Neognathodus ,Idiognathodus和Idiognathoides5属是上石炭统下部的代表分子,Streptognathodus gracilis和Gondolella属是上石炭统上部的代表分子。 相似文献
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《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2016,76(4):501-518
The old Senhora das Fontes uranium mine, located in central Portugal, was closed down in 1971. The treatment of ores from this mine and other mines by heap-leach ended in 1982. Seven dumps partially covered by vegetation were left in the area. Soil and stream sediment samples were collected in December 2009. The remediation was carried out from May 2010 to January 2011. Stream sediment samples were collected again in October 2013. Before the remediation, soils from inside the mine influence area have higher Al, As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sr, Th, U and Zn concentrations than soils from outside this area, due to radionuclides, metals and metalloid released from the mine dumps. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows a distinction between soils from inside and outside the mine influence area. The U(VI), As(V) and metals from soils can be adsorbed to Fe-oxyhydroxides and the humic acid can increase the U uptake. Soils must not be used for public or private green and residential areas, because they are contaminated in U, As, Co, Cd and Ni. Before the remediation, downstream sediments have higher Al, As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, U and Zn than upstream sediments, due to erosion and percolation of water through the mine dumps. The PCA shows a distinction between downstream and upstream sediments. The U(VI), Th and As(V) can be adsorbed to Fe-oxyhydroxides. The stream sediments are contaminated in As, Mn, Th and U. Downstream sediments are the most contaminated in U and As. After the remediation, upstream and downstream sediments have generally higher Al, Fe, As, Cr, Ni, Th, U and Zn concentrations than before the remediation, attributed to the relocation of dumps. Radionuclides, metals and metalloids were transported by surface water. Consequently downstream sediments have higher Al, As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Th, U and Zn concentrations than upstream sediments. The U(VI), Th and As(V) can be adsorbed to Fe-oxyhydroxides. Stream sediments became more contaminated in U, Th and As than before the remediation, but more intensively downstream. 相似文献
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Yongbei Zhang Shihua Sun Chengyan Xu Hao Wang Chongsun Zhao Zhihua Zhu 《Resource Geology》2003,53(4):261-272
Abstract. The Kunyang rift on western margin of Yangtze Platform is a continental rift, and also a rare Precambrian Fe-Cu mineralization zone in China. The Wuding-Lufeng mineralization area in the middle section of the rift is an important part of the zone, and an elliptic-shaped volcanic collapsed basin, controlled by a ring fracture system with carbonatitic volcanic rocks mainly occurring along the northwestern edge of the basin. The Hetaoqing Fe-Cu ore deposit at the western side of the basin is hosted in carbonatitic volcanic rocks and pyroclastic sedimentary rocks. The original ore bodies occur as layers, bands and lenses conformable to the host carbonatitic rocks. The ores usually appear as massive, impregnated and granular in carbonatitic rocks, and as brecciform and sandy in pyroclastic sedimentary rocks. Ore-forming minerals are magnetite, hematite, chalcopy-rite, bornite, pyrite, carrollite, molybdenite, cobaltite and skinnerite, and secondary minerals limonite, chalcocite, azurite, malachite and tenorite. Gangue minerals are calcite, dolomite, ankerite, common hornblende, arfvedsonite, augite, aegirine-augite, albite, phlogopite, biotite, chlorite and apatite. Evidences of mineral chemistry, trace elements and isotopic ratios of ores, as well as geological features, suggest that the original ores are igneous in origin. Chemical features of magnetites in the deposit belong to carbonatite type, and are similar to those from the Bayan Obo carbonatites. The ores are rich in iron, titanium, rare earth elements, niobium, tantalum, gold, silver, phosphor and sulfur. These features indicate that the Fe-Cu deposit associated with volcanic activity in the Wuding-Lufeng basin is alkali-carbonatite volcanic type. 相似文献
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Bhaskar Chandra ACHARYA Prasanta Kumar PANIGRAHY Binod Bihari NAYAK Rama Krishna SAHOO 《Resource Geology》1998,48(2):125-136
Abstract: Ilmenite, hematite, garnet, monazite, zircon, rutile, magnetite, sillimanite, pyroxene and amphibole from the beach sands of Ekakula, Gahiramatha coast, Orissa, India are reported here for the first time. Their total concentration varies from 26. 4 to 100%. Ilmenite, monazite and zircon are between 100 and 300 um in size and are well rounded in shape. Ilmenite-hematite intergrowth is common. Ilmenite has 50. 02–54. 73% TiO2 , 42. 42–46. 90% FeO (total Fe) and small amounts of Al, Mn, Mg, Ca, Ba, Si, V, Cr, and Zn. The bulk samples contain 10. 63–41. 42 % TiO2 , 6. 15–26. 07 % FeO, 5. 86–16. 75 % Fe2 O3 , 7. 41–61. 74 % SiO2 , 1. 39–12. 83% A12 O3 , 0. 32–4. 97% CaO, 0. 53–4. 24% P2 O5 , 0. 17–3. 27% MgO, 0. 15–2. 97% Na2 O, 0. 07–2. 34% K2 O, and 0. 05–0. 71% V2 O5 together with appreciable amounts of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Y, U, Th, Zr, and trace amounts of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, and Cr. Khondalite, charnockite, calc-silicate granulite, leptynite, migmatite, gneiss, basic granulite and pegmatite of the Eastern Ghats appear to be the major source for the above heavy mineral assemblages. The samples are amenable to gravity and magnetic methods of beneficiation. 相似文献
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中国地质灾害类型及其特征--基于全国县市地质灾害调查成果分析 总被引：34，自引：0，他引：34
我国是世界上地质灾害最严重的国家之一。为了全面查清我国地质灾害的发育分布规律，国土资源部从1999年开始，在地质灾害严重的县(市)，陆续部署开展了县市地质灾害调查与区划工作。论文在290个县、市地质灾害调查成果的基础上，分析统计了我国主要地质灾害的规模、诱发因素、发育分布等特征，并以县、市为基本单元，利用地质灾害点密度、体积密度和面密度3个指标，对已调查县、市进行了地质灾害发育程度的评价。评价结果分为4个等级，其中地质灾害高发育县市30个，集中分布在重庆、贵州、湖北、甘肃、四川和云南等省；地质灾害较高发育县市107个，集中分布在湖南、江西、陕西、四川、贵州、湖北、云南和重庆等省市；地质灾害中等发育县市90个，集中分布在河北、四川、浙江和福建等省；地质灾害轻微发育县市62个，集中分布在河北、广西、新疆和山西等省。 相似文献
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通过薄片、扫描电镜、阴极发光、岩心物性及测井曲线对老君庙油田古近系M层进行了储层特征与形成机理研究, 包括沉积储层基本特征、成岩作用及孔隙演化分析等。结果表明,M层为快速堆积下的沉积物,分选差,杂基含量高,总 体属于相对细粒的冲积扇相沉积;主要储集空间为粒间孔,为中孔低渗储层;成岩作用类型主要有压实、胶结和溶解作用 等。沉积作用控制了储层的原始孔隙度,杂基含量高,分选较差的储层原始物性差,主要分布在扇根片流带片流砂坝和扇 中漫流带;相比而言,低杂基含量,分选相对较好的辫流带砂岩受到碳酸盐胶结物的影响大,胶结作用进一步降低了这类 储层物性,使储层整体物性表现为低渗透。杂基含量和碳酸盐胶结是导致储层为低渗透的主要因素。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地盒8段发现并探明了一批目前中国内陆最大的致密砂岩气田（藏）,该致密砂岩气田的储层岩性主要为 一套“低长石、低杂基、高成分成熟度”的石英砂岩,储集空间类型以多类型的次生溶蚀孔隙为主。针对盒8段致密砂岩 次生孔隙的成因机理,本文在大量薄片观察、扫描电镜、场发射、CT扫描分析的基础上,开展了高温高压条件下真实岩心 的酸溶模拟实验,实验样品为鄂尔多斯盆地石盒子组绿灰色中粗粒含凝灰质长石石英砂岩、绿灰色中粗粒含凝灰质长石岩 屑砂岩、灰色中粗粒含凝灰质岩屑石英砂岩和灰色中粗粒含凝灰质石英砂岩等4种不同类型的砂岩岩心,采用地层水中普 遍存在的乙酸配置成0.5mol/L的反应介质,选用2mL/min流速,动态溶蚀100h后,不同类型砂岩的次生孔隙显著增加, 物性明显改善,通过对不同岩性实验前后样品的同位扫描、水-岩反应速度、离子浓度等测定分析,发现盒8段致密砂岩储 层次生孔隙的成因主要为凝灰质、长石等铝硅酸矿物和碳酸盐矿物的溶蚀,探讨了实验样品中不同矿物的溶蚀序列,凝灰 质、碳酸盐矿物主要在低温条件下发生溶蚀蚀变,高温条件下主要为长石的溶蚀。揭示凝灰质、碳酸盐岩、长石等矿物溶 蚀、次生孔隙形成、新生矿物的发育机理,结合埋藏史、热史分析,建立了盒8段致密砂岩储层埋藏-成岩-孔隙演化模 式,明确了鄂尔多斯盆地盒8段石英砂岩次生孔隙的成因机理。 相似文献
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Borehole image analysis of the Nankai Accretionary Wedge, ODP Leg 196: Structural and stress studies 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Masanori Ienaga Lisa C. McNeill Hitoshi Mikada Saneatsu Saito David Goldberg J. Casey Moore 《Tectonophysics》2006,426(1-2):207
Electrical images recorded with Resistivity-At-Bit (RAB) from two sites drilled during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 196 were analyzed to study the effects of subduction at the Nankai margin. For the first time in the history of scientific deep-sea drilling in ODP, in situ complete borehole images of the décollement zone were obtained. Analyses of all drilling-induced fracture data indicated that the maximum horizontal compressive stress (SHmax) axes have an azimuth of 303°, and analyses of breakout data from RAB images indicated an azimuth of 310°. These azimuths approximate the convergence direction of the Philippine Sea plate towards the Eurasian plate. The frontal thrust at Site 808 was encountered at about 389 mbsf. Density, porosity, resistivity, and gamma ray data change across the frontal thrust. The décollement zone at the deformation front was identified between 937 and 965 mbsf. The base of the décollement is sharply defined as the maximum extent of conductive fracturing and is marked by abrupt changes in physical properties [Mikada, H., Becker, K., Moore, J.C., Klaus, A., Austin, G.L., Bangs, N.L., Bourlange, S., Broilliard, J., Brückmann, W., Corn, E.R., Davis, E.E., Flemings, P.B., Goldberg, D.B., Gulick, S.S., Hansen, M.B., Hayward, N., Hills, D.J., Hunze, S., Ienaga, M., Ishiguro, H., Kinoshita, M., Macdonald, R.D., McNeill, L., Obana, S., Hong, O.S., Peacock, S., Pettigrew, T.L., Saito, S., Sawa, T., Thaiprasert, N., Tobin, H.J., Tsurumi, H., 2002. Proc. ODP, Initial Rep., 196, College Station, TX, (Ocean Drilling Program)]. The upper boundary of the décollement is marked by several sets of conductive fractures and by high variability in physical properties. The décollement zone is characterized by intense brittle fracturing. These fractures are considered to be the consequence of cyclic stresses and high fluid pressures in this zone. We analyzed fracture dips and their orientations at both sites and found that they are all consistent with a unique stress field model surrounding the two sites. 相似文献