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1.
研究了广西柳桥地区东攀剖面有机碳同位素的组成,并和浙江煤山剖面进行了对比。结果表明东攀剖面在1δ3Corg变化趋势上,既具有全球PTB剖面普遍存在的共性,又具有其独特性。在东攀剖面一个显著的1δ3Corg负漂移出现在事件界线(EB)之上和二叠系/三叠系界线(PTB)之下,这与煤山剖面具有相似性。显著的1δ3Corg负漂移指示了P/T之交生物绝灭后海水表层水原始生产率的降低以及大气和海水中CO2含量的增加,并得到放射虫绝灭事件、火山事件和海退事件的响应。煤山剖面1δ3Corg负漂移从第27层就开始向13C富集的方向恢复,而东攀剖面1δ3Corg在下Induan阶仍持续亏损,表明东攀剖面早三叠世的生物复苏明显滞后于煤山剖面的。 相似文献
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二叠纪-三叠纪之交海、陆相地层对比研究对陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的定义以及全面认识该全球性重大生物与环境突变事件具有重要意义,是当前国际古生物学与地层学研究的重点和难点.选择贵州六盘水仲河二叠系-三叠系界线剖面为研究对象,系统研究了该剖面的化石面貌和有机碳同位素演变特征.结合黔西滇东地区二叠纪-三叠纪之交良好的陆相、海陆过渡相和浅海碎屑岩相地层记录,初步搭建了海、陆相生物地层与有机碳同位素地层对比框架.值得关注的是,综合已有研究的陆相和海陆过渡相剖面植物有机碳同位素和海相剖面无机碳同位素数据,发现均存在相同的碳同位素演变特征,且与生物地层对比方案一致.据此,认为高分辨率的有机碳同位素化学地层是实现海-陆相地层对比的有效手段之一. 相似文献
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华南海相二叠系-三叠系界线(PTB)剖面研究相当成熟,且滇东黔西和天山地区的陆相PTB剖面也取得了重大突破,但西藏特提斯域该领域研究相对薄弱。在前人建立完整二叠系-三叠系牙形刺生物地层剖面的基础上开展碳氧同位素分析,研究表明西藏文布当桑PTB剖面附近碳同位素明显负偏,但偏移样式与华南煤山剖面突变模式具有明显差异,表现为随时间推移逐渐变小,且变化连续,类似南阿尔卑斯地区PTB剖面变化样式,通过与中下扬子地区代表碳酸盐岩台地相到下斜坡相沉积环境的典型海相PTB地层剖面对比发现,西藏文布当桑剖面与江苏西山浅水碳酸盐岩台地相剖面碳同位素变化曲线高度一致。此外,西藏文布当桑PTB剖面伴随碳同位素负偏,出现了两次明显的氧同位素波动,氧同位素两次负偏对应着海水温度的增加和盐度的降低。 相似文献
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陆相二叠系-三叠系界线研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
着重介绍了几个目前陆相二叠系—三叠系界线（TPTB）研究的重点剖面及其生物地层学研究进展；分析了陆相二叠系—三叠系界线综合地层学研究现状，包括生物地层学、事件地层学、同位素年代学、磁性地层学和层序地层学等；剖析了陆相二叠系-三叠系界线地层学研究中存在的问题及进一步的研究方向。生物地层方面，陆相二叠系-三叠系界线附近存在晚二叠世与早三叠世生物混生的层位，其中不同类别生物的时间界线常不一致，又由于陆相界线地层中含脊椎动物化石的层位一般较少，以脊椎动物化石（Lystrosaurus）为标准的精确界线常不确定，因而需重新寻找并确定陆相三叠系底界的标准化石。事件地层标志可能会成为连结海、陆相二叠系-三叠系界线地层高精度对比的纽带。 相似文献
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广西东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面基于岩石磁参数的米兰科维奇旋回特征和地层对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
二叠纪-三叠纪之交发生了地质历史上最大的生物集群绝灭。通过对广西东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面不同的磁学数据进行频谱分析,其结果均具一致的功率谱峰,对比煤山剖面的同位素年龄将厚度频率35.7∶15.6∶7.7cm/cycle换算为时间周期95∶41.6∶20.5kyr/cycle,分别与米兰科维奇旋回偏心率、斜度、岁差相当,从而将地层研究的精度提高到万年级,为生物绝灭和众多地质事件提供时间上的约束。不同的磁学参数分别受控于不同的天文周期,磁性矿物种类主要受偏心率旋回控制,同时也受斜度周期的影响,而岁差周期则是促使岩石携磁能力高频变化的原因。不同二叠系—三叠系剖面(集中在界线附近)的磁化率曲线具有一致特征,可作为界线点确定的辅助依据。 相似文献
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湖北黄石二门二叠系/三叠系界线剖面出露完好,原始沉积连续,由乐平统龙潭组保安段灰黑色硅质岩、大隆组黑色硅质岩—硅质泥岩和下三叠统大冶组黑灰色泥岩以及泥岩夹灰岩组成,为介于典型浅水碳酸盐岩型与深海硅质岩型二叠系/三叠系界线剖面之间的半深海剖面。长兴阶可划分为Clarkinasubcarinata—Clarkinawangi及Clarkinachangxingensis两个牙形刺带。后者又可划分为3个亚带,自下而上依次为Clarkinachangxingensischangxingensis—Clarkinadeflecta亚带、Clarkinameishanensis亚带及Waning—Clarkina亚带,完全可以与二叠系/三叠系界线的全球层型剖面与点进行对比。另外,二叠纪末牙形刺的生态演化呈阶段性绝灭模式;有机碳同位素值在二叠纪/三叠系界线处出现明显的负偏移,指示了二叠纪/三叠纪之交生物绝灭后海水表层水原始产率的降低以及大气和海水中CO2含量的增加。 相似文献
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浙江煤山D剖面二叠系长兴组高精度岩石地层 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
基于对浙江煤山D剖面长兴组到下三叠统殷坑组岩石地层单元高精度的测量,选择了Yinetal.(1996)、盛金章等(1987)和赵金科等(1981)的地层资料,对比并修订了早期地层资料中的误差。重点标注了该剖面特殊岩性段,如黏土岩、碳酸盐化流纹质凝灰岩的产出层位,详尽描述了二叠系-三叠系界线附近的微观岩石地层特征,认为Y24e层顶部至Y27层为存在高度凝缩沉积或者沉积缺失的层段。这些高精度岩石地层材料将进一步推动二叠纪-三叠纪过渡期生物灭绝事件的后层型研究。 相似文献
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南非陆相二叠系-三叠系界线研究进展 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
从岩石地层研究着手,介绍了南非卡鲁盆地内综合地层研究的相关成果.在生物地层方面,脊椎动物和植物化石的研究在该区具有传统优势,孢粉化石的研究则是在最近几年才取得较大进展,在陆相界线地层研究中菌孢化石在二叠系-三叠系界线处约1 m厚的地层内的富集事件属首次报道.在地球化学地层方面,南非有机碳同位素在二叠系-三叠系界线附近的变化趋势与海相二叠系-三叠系界线地层存在相似的对应关系,可以作为海、陆相界线地层对比的辅助标志.在磁性地层方面,南非卡鲁盆地内的磁极性存在从反向到正向然后再反转(R-N-R)的变化,二叠系-三叠系界线则位于第一反向极性带的顶部.同时,结合目前全球陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的研究现状及特点,分析了陆相界线地层研究中存在的基本问题,指出华南地区可能为突破传统观念的研究地区,陆地事件地层研究意义重大. 相似文献
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全球二叠系-三叠系界线(PTB)层型及点("金钉子")定位我国浙江省长兴县煤山D剖面,极大地推动了PTB及二叠系和三叠系研究进展。在简要介绍地层单位与全球界线层型与点建立的相关概念、术语和有关规定、地层划分的主要种类及其地层单位术语的基础上,以全球二叠系—三叠系界线层型及点(中国浙江省长兴县煤山D剖面)为研究实例,综述了该金钉子剖面牙形石生物地层和年代地层研究现状。煤山D剖面构建了目前全球最完整的PTB地层牙形石带序列,为研究二叠纪末大灭绝后生物残存和复苏过程提供了重要的时间坐标系,也为相关的地质事件研究奠定了坚实的基础。 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):371-388
ABSTRACTThe bulk composition of silicic igneous rocks hovers directly over the ‘minimum melt’ located on the NaAlSi3O8–KAlSi3O8–SiO2 ternary. It is universally accepted that these rocks are igneous, reflecting the thermodynamic equilibrium between minerals and melt. However, there is a contradiction between the use of this phase diagram and current models of differentiation: fractional crystallization or partial melting (or any mechanical separation process) implies granites were melts extracted from a quartz-bearing residue.Here, I propose that a thermodynamically controlled process, wet thermal migration, provides a more consistent explanation for producing silicic rocks. This process, when coupled with slow incremental emplacement of sills, allows magmatic differentiation to take place without mechanical separation and produces minimum-melt compositions from input magmas not saturated in quartz. Examination of phase equilibria in the SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–K2O–H2O system, as well as assessment of thermodynamic models, provides a template for understanding the wet thermal migration process (diffusion-based differentiation of crystal-mush in a temperature gradient). Phase equilibria in SiO2–Na2O–K2O–Al2O3 indicate a cotectic surface between quartz and alkali feldspar slopes down-temperature as melt peralkalinity increases. Experiments show quartz and two feldspars coexist with a single water-rich (>40 wt.% H2O) melt at 400°C and 0.1 GPa. Modelling suggests that development of water-rich melt at the hot end of a temperature gradient drives the process. Given the propensity of alkalis to rapidly diffuse down-temperature gradients and form these melts, small amounts (<5%) of interconnected melt form, leading to the differentiation of partially molten materials by wet thermal migration.Because the quartz-feldspar cotectic ranges from 650°C to 330°C, granites can reflect formation by a process that never involves the existence of rhyolitic melt. If this is correct, the process has implications for understanding the formation of plutons and batholiths and, therefore, the continental crust. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(6):737-755
ABSTRACTThe petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry of the early Permian volcanic rocks from Houtoumiao area, south Xiwuqi County in central Inner Mongolia of China, are studied to elucidate the early Permian tectonic setting of the region. The volcanic rocks, which are interbedded with sandstone, feature both mafic and felsic compositions and show a bimodal nature. Zircon U–Pb dating reveals that the volcanic rocks formed at 274–278 Ma, similar to the ages of bimodal magmatism in neighbouring areas. The mafic rocks are composed of tholeiitic basalt, basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite, and trachyandesite. They are rich in Th, U, and LILEs, depleted in HFSEs Nb, Ta, and Ti, and have positive εNd(t) values (+3.6 to +7.9). Geochemical analyses indicate that the mafic rocks originated from metasomatized lithospheric mantle. The felsic volcanic rocks are mainly rhyolite, with minor trachyte and dacite. They have different evolutionary tendencies of major elements, chondrite-normalized REE patterns, and isotopic compositions from the mafic volcanic rocks, which preclude formation by fractional crystallization of mafic melts. The εNd(t) values of the felsic rocks are similar to those of the Carboniferous Baolidao arc rocks in the region. It is suggested that Permian felsic melts originated from the partial melting of Carboniferous juvenile arc-related rocks. By comparison with typical Cenozoic bimodal volcanism associated with several tectonic settings, including rift, post-collisional setting, back-arc basin, and the Basin and Range, USA, the bimodal volcanic rocks in central Inner Mongolia display similar petrological and geochemical characteristics to the rocks from back-arc basin and the Basin and Range, USA. Based on the analysis of regional geological data, it is inferred that the early Permian bimodal volcanic rocks in the study area formed on an extensional continental margin of the Siberian palaeoplate after late Carboniferous subduction–accretion. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(4):80-81
THE GEOLOGY OF THE U. S. S. R. VOLUME XXII: THE TURKMEN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC. PART I. GEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION. Luppov, N. P., ed. , Sukocheva, M. P., and Neronova, L. V., assoc. ed: Ministry of Geology and Mineral Conservation, 658 P. , Moscow, 1957. A Review by Mark Burgunker. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(6):533-535
Ornatsky, N. V., MEKHANIKA GRUNTOV (SOIL MECHANICS), Moscow University, 1950, 420 pp. 相似文献
16.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):86-90
Nalivkin, D. V., BRIEF ESSAY ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE U. S. S. R. Gosgeoltekhizdat, Moscow 1957, 144 p. A review by Eugene A. Alexandrov, Columbia University. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):1079-1086
Gubin, Igor' E. Zakonomernosti Seysmicheskikh proyavleniy na territorii Tadzhikistana (Geologiya i seysmichnost') [REGULARITIES OF SEISMIC PHENOMENA IN THE TERRITORY OF TADJIKISTAN (GEOLOGY AND SEISMICITY)]: Moscow, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 464 p., 1960. A Review by Anatol J. Shneiderov. Nalivkin, Dimitri Vasil'evich, STUDY OF FACIES, GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS OF FORMATIONS OF SEDIMENTS1, in two volumes, 1956. A Review by Siemon W. Muller, Stanford University. 相似文献
18.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(8):84-90
Brodsky, A. A., HYDROCHEMICAL PROSPECTING FOR COPPER: State Technical Press for Geology and Conservation of Resources, Moscow, 1956, 84 pp., 42 refs. A Review by W. D. Romey. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):50-81
Teodorovich, G. I., A CONTRIBUTION ON THE ORIGIN OF LIMESTONES AND DOLOMITES1 Transactions of. the Petroleum Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vol. V, 1955 Translated by Mark Burgunker. Strakhov, N. M., Brodskaya, N. G., Knyaseva, L. M., Razzhivina, A. N. Rateev, M. A., Sapozhnikiv, D. G., and E. S. Shishova. FORMATION OF SEDIMENTS IN RECENT BASINS: A symposium, Moscow, 1954. 791pp. A review by George V. Chilingar, University of Southern California. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):629-632
CONTEMPORARY SEDIMENTS OF THE CASPIAN SEA, a Symposium of papers by M. V. Klenova, V. F. Solovyev, N. M. Arutyunova, P. G. Popov, L. A. Yastrebova, V. P. Baturin, and E. K. Kopylova, 302 pp., published by Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, 1956. A Review by Robert L. Folk, University of Texas. V.F. Solovyev, PECULIARITIES OF DIFFERENTIATION OF THE PRESENT CASPIAN SEDIMENTS IN THE REGION OF APSHERON, pp. 118-136, 2 figs., 6 tables, 9 refs. M.V. Klenova, MATTER IN SUSPENSION IN THE KURA RIVER, p. 151-174, 6 figs., 12 tables, 14 refs. N.M. Arutyunova, MINERAL COMPOSITION OF THE BAKU ARCHIPELAGO SEDIMENTS, p. 175-185, 1 fig., 7 tables, 11 refs. P.G. Popov, "STRATIFICATION OF SEDIMENTS IN THE CASPIAN SEA, p. 186-241, 13 figs., 18 tables, 35 refs. M.V. Klenova and L. A. Yastrebova, SEDIMENTS IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE CASPIAN SEA, p. 242-271, 7 figs., 16 tables, 55 refs. 相似文献