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1.
湖南新田富锶地下水水化学特征与成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究湖南新田富锶地下水水化学特征及成因,为富锶地下水的可持续利用与开发提供理论依据。对研究区21个下降泉、30个机井富锶地下水样品的水化学类型、化学成分含量特征、成分间相关性以及离子比值的研究。结果表明：下降泉水化学类型全部为HCO3-Ca型,机井水化学类型以HCO3-Ca、HCO3-Ca·Mg型为主。相关分析表明,下降泉和机井中SO42-与Ca2+、Mg2+均表现显著相关或极显著相关,HCO3-与Ca2+、SO42-与NO3-在下降泉与机井中的相关性具有差异,下降泉、机井Sr与Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3-均表现为极显著相关。Gibbs图表明下降泉和机井的水化学组成主要受水-岩相互作用的控制,下降泉、机井c(Ca2+)/c(Mg2+)、c(HCO3-)/c(SO42-+Cl-)、c(Na+)/c(Cl-)、c(Cl-)/c(Ca2+)系数比值具有差异。结果表明富Sr地下水的形成受碳酸盐岩成分影响显著,赋存条件的差异导致富锶地下水在下降泉、机井中的水化学特征、相关性以及离子系数比值的差异。 相似文献
2.
济南泉水众多闻名于世,人类活动造成泉水断流。为恢复名泉,多年来一直实施地下水自备井限采、集中开采的水源地禁采、回灌补源等措施,但保泉效果并不明显。根据泉水位观测、示踪试验、水质指标测试、岩溶发育程度分析、数理统计等方法,研究泉水补给来源的混合比例。研究结果表明：泉水位及泉水电导率动态变化特征揭示泉水补给来源存在季节性差异,丰水期泉水以东南方向管道流补给为主,枯水期泉水以西南方向裂隙流补给为主;岩溶水系统排泄区的水位动态与泉水位具有明显的相关性,奥陶系灰岩补给区地下水位与泉水位的相关性高于张夏组岩溶水水位与泉水位的相关性,枯水期在张夏组灰岩含水层进行回灌补源并不能遏制泉水位下降的势态;根据42组水质资料计算,泉水的Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO2-4、总硬度等常规离子组分含量介于寒武系张夏组岩溶水和奥陶系岩溶水之间,四大泉群流量中,来自于张夏组含水层的补给比例占11%~32%,凤山组-奥陶系含水层的补给比例占24%~60%,历阳湖占5%~10%,兴济河占0~6%,玉符河占1%~8%,市区回灌对五龙潭的流量有重要影响。可见,北方岩溶发育极其不均,泉水动态变化反映出北方岩溶的管道流与裂隙流并存,济南保泉回灌补源地点宜选择在奥陶系灰岩分布区。 相似文献
3.
汤古乡黄牛厂泉因其独特的医药功能而著称。分析讨论温泉的天然特征,通过对泉点所处位置的地层岩性、地质构造、水文地质条件调查及对泉水水样进行饮用天然矿泉水水质检验。结果表明,该泉属于流量相对稳定的接触带泉;泉水中Li、Sr等多项指标符合界限指标要求,但锰及硼酸盐超过饮用矿泉水限量标准;泉水有一定的理疗功效,具有较高的开发价值。 相似文献
4.
为掌握湖南省新田县富锶地下水的动态特点,在2017年1-12月对两处富锶地下水进行了一年定期采样分析。结果表明:S045下降泉Sr2+含量在丰水期、平水期、枯水期基本保持稳定,其值分别为0.27 mg·kg-1、0.25 mg·kg-1、0.26 mg·kg-1,S045下降泉Sr2+含量全年保持相对稳定的主要原因是水文地质特点决定了降雨对S045富锶下降泉Sr2+含量的稀释效应有限;ZK1机井Sr2+含量表现为丰水期>平水期>枯水期,其值分别为0.73 mg·kg-1、0.68 mg·kg-1、0.52 mg·kg-1,水循环条件的差异引起水位的变化导致高锶潜流带水与低锶浅潜流带水混合比例不同,使ZK1机井中锶含量与大气降雨具有正相关性。而离子比值法表明:S045下降泉的γ(Na+)/γ(Cl-)比值在丰水期、平水期、枯水期分别为0.78、0.44、0.49,γ(HCO3-+SO42-)/γ(Ca2++Mg2+)比值在丰水期、平水期、枯水期分别为0.99、0.98、0.96;ZK1机井的γ(Na+)/γ(Cl-)比值在丰水期、平水期、枯水期分别为75.24、71.34、126.08,γ(HCO3-+SO42-)/γ(Ca2++Mg2+)比值在丰水期、平水期、枯水期分别为37.13、30.54、44.89,这说明ZK1机井中地下水发生了阳离子交换。S045下降泉的γ(Cl-)/γ(Ca2+)比值在丰水期、平水期、枯水期平均值分别为1.09×10-2、1.06×10-2、1.05×10-2,ZK1机井的γ(Cl-)/γ(Ca2+)比值在丰水期、平水期、枯水期平均值分别为1.29、0.98、0.94,ZK1机井γ(Cl-)/γ(Ca2+)显著高于S045下降泉,表明ZK1机井水水动力条件弱于S045下降泉,这是机井中Sr2+高于下降泉的重要因素。 相似文献
5.
应用地下水模拟软件GMS建立山东济南明水泉域的三维地下水流数值模拟模型,对泉域内岩溶地下水进行数值模拟和水平衡分析,评价了泉域岩溶地下水资源总量和在保持泉水常年喷涌条件下的岩溶地下水可采资源量。在此基础上,应用时间序列分析法对泉水水位动态进行了预测。结果表明:明水泉域多年（2003-2014年）地下水补给量为1.23×108 m3·a-1,排泄量为1.36×108 m3·a-1,均衡差为-1.30×108 m3·a-1;模型预测未来20年泉水最低水位为55.65 m,最高水位为68.72 m,平均泉流量为34.6×104 m3·d-1。 相似文献
6.
岩溶泉泉水的水质主要受控于地下水化学场经历的地球化学过程，同时也反映了不同水文质单元地下水径流场的条件。作者利用８个岩溶泉的水化学资料，用灰色关联度作相似的统计量，对岩溶泉群进行聚类分析，其目的是通过泉水水化学微观特征，探讨泉的相似性及差异性，从而提高勘察成果质量。 相似文献
7.
洪山泉流量动态及影响因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以39年洪水泉流量观测资料为基础，对泉水稳定性、变化特征及影响因素进行了探讨分析，结果表明洪水泉39年的泉水流量动态曲线出现了4个高峰、4个低谷，峰谷交替时间间隔周期为8年左右。大气降水是洪水泉水的主要补给来源，对泉水补给存在着8年的滞后期，是控制着泉水的流量的主要因素，随着多年降雨量的减少泉水流量呈下降趋势，采煤及地下水超采改变了地下水的补经排条件，影响了洪水泉水量水质，也是洪水泉流量减少的重要原因，今后应加强洪水泉的保护，进行合理开发以达到可持续利用的目的。 相似文献
8.
以太行山北段金龙洞岩溶泉为研究对象,通过数理统计.、离子比值及饱和指数等方法,分析泉水水化学和同位素动态特征、水中主要离子来源及演化、水-岩相互作用过程等内容。结果显示:(1)金龙洞泉补给来源为大气降水,泉流量对其响应程度高,泉流量较小时,水中主要离子含量相对高,水化学类型为HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg型,泉流量大时,水中离子含量低,水化学类型为HCO3-Ca、HCO3·SO4-Ca型,泉流量增加引起的稀释作用对离子含量影响明显;(2)控制泉水水化学特征的主要因素为溶滤作用和稀释作用,且Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3-主要来源于碳酸盐岩溶解,SO42-、Na+、K+、Sr主要来源于安山岩中长石、黄铁矿等矿物的风化溶解,NO3-则来源于人类活动;(3)降水集中期,泉... 相似文献
9.
河北平原地下水锶同位素形成机理 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为了研究河北平原地下水锶同位素的来源与形成机理, 对所采水样进行了分析.研究了87Sr/86Sr比值“时间积累效应”: 随着地下水年龄和埋深的增大而增大; 与地下水中过剩4Heexc呈正相关关系, 与δ18O和δD呈负相关关系.探讨了Sr2+与87Sr/86Sr比值的关系, 将地下水分为3类: (1) 中等Sr2+含量与高87Sr/86Sr比值水(Ⅰ类水); (2) 低Sr2+含量与高87Sr/86Sr比值水(Ⅱ类水); (3) 高Sr2+含量与低87Sr/86Sr比值水(Ⅲ类水), 即热水.通过综合分析认为: (1) 河北平原第四系地下水中的放射成因Sr是由富含Na和Rb的硅酸盐矿物风化作用提供的, 主要矿物为斜长石; (2) 黄骅港热水中的放射成因Sr是由碳酸盐溶解形成的, 87Sr/86Sr比值低, Sr/Na比值大; (3) 补给区地下水是由流经火成岩和变质岩区地下水的侧向补给的, 87Sr/86Sr比值中等.第三系地下水放射成因Sr的来源及形成机理尚须进一步研究. 相似文献
10.
泉水是洪家渡盆地居民的重要饮用水源,近些年随着人类活动的增强,泉水水质呈恶化趋势。为查明泉水中污染物来源及其地球化学过程,采集15组具有代表性的水样分析水化学、溶解无机碳（dissolved inorganic carbon,DIC）碳同位素(δ13CDIC)特征。结果显示泉水组分以Ca2+、Mg2+和HCO-3为主,富集SO2-4,硫酸、硝酸与碳酸共同参与了研究区碳酸盐岩风化。泉水Na+、Cl-、K+和NO-3主要来源于肥料（如化肥、粪肥）和污水,SO2-4主要来源于煤层中硫化物氧化、雨水和污水。S01和S09泉因NO-3超标已不可直接饮用。泉水δ13CDIC值主要受碳酸盐岩溶解和土壤CO2的控制,但硫酸、硝酸参与碳酸盐岩风化使泉水δ13CDIC值偏正,且SO2-4、NO-3浓度上升;而硫酸盐细菌还原作用和反硝化作用及人为输入污染物中有机质的降解导致泉水δ13CDIC值偏负。诸多因素导致泉水δ13CDIC值在-17.72‰~-8.74‰之间,平均值为-11.58‰。研究证实δ13CDIC与水化学相结合是探讨碳的生物地球化学过程及示踪岩溶区地下水污染物来源行之有效的方法。 相似文献
11.
Mustafa Afsin Diana M. Allen Dirk Kirste U. Gokcen Durukan Ali Gurel Ozcan Oruc 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(1):7-23
Mixing is a dominant hydrogeological process in the hydrothermal spring system in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. All springs emerge along faults, which have the potential to transmit waters rapidly from great depths. However, mixing with shallow meteoric waters within the flow system results in uncertainty in the interpretation of geochemical results. The chemical compositions of cold and warm springs and geothermal waters are varied, but overall there is a trend from Ca–HCO3 dominated to Na–Cl dominated. There is little difference in the seasonal ionic compositions of the hot springs, suggesting the waters are sourced from a well-mixed reservoir. Based on δ18O and δ2H concentrations, all waters are of meteoric origin with evidence of temperature equilibration with carbonate rocks and evaporation. Seasonal isotopic variability indicates that only a small proportion of late spring and summer precipitation forms recharge and that fresh meteoric waters move rapidly into the flow system and mix with thermal waters at depth. 3H and percent modern carbon (pmC) values reflect progressively longer groundwater pathways from cold to geothermal waters; however, mixing processes and the very high dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the water samples preclude the use of either isotope to gain any insight on actual groundwater ages. 相似文献
12.
泉按照出露原因通常可以分为侵蚀泉、接触泉、溢流泉（溢出泉）和断层泉等。根据泉眼和地下水循环深度（或径流位置）的相对关系,泉可以分为表层泉、浅循环泉和深循环泉。地下水在地下流动(循环)的最深处仍然高于泉口,这类泉称为浅循环泉。浅循环泉出露的位置并不在地形最低处,其补给来源主要是大气降水入渗,地下水受到重力作用自高处往低处流动,在地下径流的途径短、时间短,流量一般不大。浅循环泉通常是常温泉、淡水泉（也有咸泉和盐泉）,多是常年性泉,也有部分是季节性泉或暂时性泉。广西北竂岭北坡泉和云南顺荡井盐泉是典型的浅循环泉。 相似文献
13.
以湖南新田县大型富锶矿泉为研究对象,通过采样、水化学组分分析,运用ArcGIS、AquaChem软件揭示富锶地下水水化学组分、水化学类型及水平和垂向分带特征。结果表明:下降泉中锶元素含量具有很好的分带特征,但机井中锶的分带性较差,TDS与锶元素含量变化基本一致。下降泉、机井中离子的变异系数具有较好的一致性,Ca2+、HCO3 - 含量较为稳定,而Sr2+、Mg2+、Na+、SO4 2-、Cl-质量浓度变化较大,下降泉和机井的水动力环境均有较大变化,或含水岩组的差异性较明显。下降泉、机井中主要离子毫克当量数所占百分比排次相同,但其垂向变化范围较大,机井水化学组分受含水岩组和人类活动等因素影响较大,水化学类型也由下降泉单一的HCO3-Ca型水演变为HCO3-Ca型、HCO3-Ca·Mg型、HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca型等复杂水化学类型,表现出垂向上正向的地球化学分带特征。锶元素在垂向上的分带呈现出异常,在50~80 m深度达到最大值。 相似文献
14.
泉和泉群是川西南乡村居民首要的生活水源,对本区泉水水文地球化学特征及成因的研究具有重要的科学价值和指导意义。以尔乌泉域泉水和地表水为研究对象,通过分析泉水和地表水常规水化学组分、氢氧同位素和氚同位素,探讨了该泉域泉水水文地球化学特征及成因。结果显示:尔乌泉域泉水为中偏碱性低矿化水,其水化学类型为HCO3—Ca·Mg和HCO3·SO4—Ca·Mg型水。地表水因受泉水补给影响具有与泉水相似的组分特征。氢氧同位素分析显示尔乌泉水和地表水补给来源为大气降水,且未发生氧同位素漂移。氚同位素进一步确定泉水为非现代水,地下水经历较长的径流时间。受断裂带和褶皱构造的影响,入渗补给的大气降水与碎屑岩中碳酸盐岩、石膏等矿物发生水岩相互作用,后与第四系黏土物质发生阳离子交换反应,致使泉水水化学组分以Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO-3和SO2-4为主。此外,居民生活污水的排放和化学肥料的施用也对泉水中Na+和SO2-4组分产生影响。 相似文献
15.
《Applied Geochemistry》2006,21(2):289-304
Mineral springs from Daylesford, Australia discharge at ambient temperatures, have high CO2 contents, and effervesce naturally. Mineral waters have high HCO3 and Na concentrations (up to 4110 and 750 mg/L, respectively) and CO2 concentrations of 620–2520 mg/L. Calcium and Mg concentrations are 61–250 and 44–215 mg/L, respectively, and Si, Sr, Ba, and Li are the most abundant minor and trace elements. The high PCO2 of these waters promotes mineral dissolution, while maintaining low pH values, and geochemical modelling indicates that the CO2-rich mineral water must have interacted with both sediments and basalts. Amorphous silica concentrations and silica geothermometry indicate that these waters are unlikely to have been heated above ambient temperatures and therefore reflect shallow circulation on the order of several hundreds of metres. Variations in minor and trace element composition from closely adjacent spring discharges indicate that groundwater flows within relatively isolated fracture networks. The chemical consistency of individual spring discharges over at least 20 a indicates that flow within these fracture networks has remained isolated over long periods. The mineral water resource is at risk from mixing with potentially contaminated surface water and shallow groundwater in the discharge areas. Increased δ2H values and Cl concentrations, and lower Na concentrations indicate those springs that are most at risk from surface contamination and overpumping. Elevated NO3 concentrations in a few springs indicate that these springs have already been contaminated during discharge. 相似文献
16.
重庆市统景温泉水化学特征及混合作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探讨温泉水的热储温度、深部热水与冷水的混合作用,以期为勘探、评价和合理开发利用温泉资源提供科学依据,文章对重庆统景温泉、岩溶地下水和地表水物理化学指标进行监测和分析。结果表明:（1）温泉水化学类型为SO4-Ca·Mg型,浅层岩溶水为HCO3-Ca·Mg型,温塘河为HCO3-Ca型;温泉水TDS、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-、Si、B、Sr高于岩溶地下水和地表水,主要与温泉水流经碳酸盐岩热储层并发生强烈的水岩作用有关。（2）不同地热温标法的对比应用发现,阳离子和玉髓地热温标法不适用,而无蒸汽损失石英和修正后的SiO2地热温标法更适于计算统景温泉热储的温度,利用这两种方法算出来的热储平均温度为86 ℃。（3）通过Na-K-Mg三角图判断出岩溶地下水在深部含水层与地下热水发生混合。利用混合模型和硅-焓图解法估算出鸳鸯泉中冷水的混入比例分别为89%、86%;2号井中冷水的混入比例分别为80%、79%。2号井冷水混入比例比鸳鸯泉低,可能受2号井周围水泥护壁的影响。 相似文献
17.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2015,75(3):365-374
In this study, the chemical and Sr isotopic compositions of shallow groundwater and rainwater in the Ordos Desert Plateau, North China, and river water from the nearby Yellow River, are investigated to determine the dissolved Sr source and water–rock interactions, and quantify the relative Sr contribution from each end-member. Three groundwater systems have been identified, namely, GWS-1, GWS-2 and GWS-3 according to the watershed distribution in the Ordos Desert Plateau. Ca2+ and Mg2+ are the most dominant cations in GWS-1, while Na+ is dominant in GWS-3. In addition, there is more SO42− and less Cl− in GWS-1 than in GWS-3. The shallow groundwater in GWS-2 seems to be geochemically between that in GWS-1 and GWS-3. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the shallow groundwater are high in GWS-1 and GWS-2 and are low in GWS-3. By geochemically comparing the nearby Yellow River, local precipitation and deep groundwater, the shallow groundwater is recharged only by local precipitation. The ionic and isotopic ratios indicate that carbonate dissolution is an important process controlling the chemistry of the shallow groundwater. The intensity of the water–rock interactions varies among the three groundwater systems and even within each groundwater system. Three end-members controlling the groundwater chemistry are isotopically identified: (1) precipitation infiltration, (2) carbonate dissolution and (3) silicate weathering. The relative Sr contributions of the three end-members show that precipitation infiltration and carbonate dissolution are the primary sources of the shallow groundwater Sr in GWS-3 whereas only carbonate dissolution is responsible for the shallow groundwater Sr in GWS-1 and GWS-2. Silicate weathering seems insignificant towards the shallow groundwater's chemistry in the Ordos Desert Plateau. This study is helpful for understanding groundwater chemistry and managing water resources. 相似文献
18.
The composition of waters from 10 thermal springs located in western Virginia near the 38th parallel lineament have been analysed for major dissolved components and for Sr, Fe, Cu, Zn and Cd; from these analyses, free ion activities have been calculated. The temperatures of the springs range from 17° to 39°C, the heat apparently being derived simply from deep circulation along synclinal, Middle Ordovician limestones. More than 95 per cent of the dissolved solids consist of Ca2+, Mg2+ HCO3?, and SO42?. The concentrations of these components, as well as the spring temperatures, have not changed appreciably in 140 yr in some springs. The waters that have temperatures below 25° are all undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite, possibly because they have been contaminated by shallow ground waters. The waters with temperatures above 25° are in equilibrium with calcite and dolomite. Furthermore, in this latter group, the calcium-sulfate activity product and the sulfate-carbonate activity ratio are nearly constant, even though the waters are under saturated with respect to gypsum, anhydrite, celestite and strontianite. This can be explained if CaSO4 is coprecipitated in a mineral such as aragonite. The waters have absorbed some dissolved oxygen near the surface, but at depth they may be anoxic with Eh controlled by the oxidation of pyrite to goethite. The extremely low chloride concentrations of these waters clearly distinguish them from the brines which deposited Mississippi Valley and Appalachian type epithermal ore deposits. 相似文献
19.
Anselm Loges Thomas Wagner Thomas Kirnbauer Susanne Göb Michael Bau Zsolt Berner Gregor Markl 《Applied Geochemistry》2012
Thermal water samples and related young and fossil mineralization from a geothermal system at the northern margin of the Upper Rhine Graben have been investigated by combining hydrochemistry with stable and Sr isotope geochemistry. Actively discharging thermal springs and mineralization are present in a structural zone that extends over at least 60 km along strike, with two of the main centers of hydrothermal activity being Wiesbaden and Bad Nauheim. This setting provides the rare opportunity to link the chemistry and isotopic signatures of modern thermal waters directly with fossil mineralization dating back to at least 500–800 ka. The fossil thermal spring mineralization can be classified into two major types: barite-(pyrite) fracture filling associated with laterally-extensive silicification; and barite, goethite and silica impregnation mineralization in Tertiary sediments. Additionally, carbonatic sinters occur around active springs. Strontium isotope and trace element data suggest that mixing of a hot (>100 °C), deep-sourced thermal water with cooler groundwater from shallow aquifers is responsible for present-day thermal spring discharge and fossil mineralization. The correlation between both Sr and S isotope ratios and the elevation of the barite mineralization relative to the present-day water table in Wiesbaden is explained by mixing of deep-sourced thermal water having high 87Sr/86Sr and low δ34S with shallow groundwater of lower 87Sr/86Sr and higher δ34S. The Sr isotope data demonstrate that the hot thermal waters originate from an aquifer in the Variscan crystalline basement at depths of 3–5 km. The S isotope data show that impregnation-type mineralization is strongly influenced by mixing with SO4 that has high δ34S values. The fracture style mineralization formed by cooling of the thermal waters, whereas impregnation-type mineralization precipitated by mixing with SO4-rich groundwater percolating through the sediments. 相似文献