首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 531 毫秒
1.
On 21 March 2008, a Ms7.3 earthquake occurred at Quickbird, Yutian County, Xinjiang. We attempt to reveal the features of the causative fault of this shock and its coseismic deformation field. Our work is based on analysis and interpretation to high-resolution satellite images as well as differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) data from the satellite Envisat SAR, coupled with seismicity, focal mechanism solutions and active tectonics in this region. The result shows that the 40?km-long, nearly NS trending surface rupture zone by this event lies on a range-front alluvial platform in Qira County. It is characterized by distinct linear traces and simple structure with 1–3-m-wide individual seams and maximum 6.5?m width of a collapse fracture. Along the rupture zone many secondary fractures and fault-bounded blocks are seen, exhibiting remarkable extension. The coseismic deformation affected a large area 100×100?km2. D-InSAR analysis indicates that the interferometric deformation field is dominated by extensional faulting with a small strike-slip component. Along the causative fault, the western wall fell down and the eastern wall, that is the active unit, rose up, both with westerly vergence. Because of the big deformation gradients near the seismogenic fault, no interference fringes are seen on images, and what can be determined is a vertical displacement 70?cm or more between the two fault walls. According to the epicenter and differential occurrence times from the National Earthquake Information Center, China Earthquake Network Center, Harvard and USGS, it is suggested that the seismic fault ruptured from north to south.  相似文献   

2.
The Bhuj region, Kutch, India, is included in the highly seismic zonation map of India. The Kutch is a rift basin and so far has experienced three major earthquakes that are due to reverse fault mechanism, which in turn have been ascribed to compressive stresses. Origin of these stresses is considered to be due to north–south convergence of the Indian Plate with the Tibetan plate, and this has placed the entire Indian Plate under the compressive stress regime. Analysis of the stress pattern in the Bhuj region, therefore, has been carried out by extracting lineaments with the help of remote sensing data for the pre- and post-earthquake periods of 26 January 2001 earthquake. For this purpose, the area has been segmented into four sectors. The lineament frequency and the percent frequency from each sector and also for the whole area have been worked out. Resolution of stress on the principle of triaxial ellipsoid has been worked out for each sector and also for the whole area. There results a temporal change in the stress pattern in each sector and also for the whole area. However, the direction of horizontal maximum compressive stress for the whole area appears to be in N 10°E in the pre-earthquake period that has changed to N 10°W in the post-earthquake period. Thus, temporal change in the horizontal maximum compressive stress direction as N 23°E, inferred by Gowd et al. (J Geophy Res 97:11879–11888, 1992) to N 10°E prior to and N 10°W in the post-earthquake period, as inferred from lineament analysis and near parallelism of the lineament maxima with that of the North Kathiawar Fault and the Chambal Jamnagar Lineament along with the longer axis of the isoseismals of the Bhuj 2001 earthquake indicates a modification in the structural fabric of the region as well as a possibility of development of a major plane of weakness.  相似文献   

3.
The extent of damage and affected areas in Bhuj earthquake (26th January 2001) has provided a unique opportunity to evaluate a wide range of geotechnical issues. A large area in the Rann of Kutch experienced massive liquefaction resulting in ground subsidence and lateral flow. A large number of dams in the Kutch district suffered moderate to severe damages. Many buildings were damaged and collapsed in the city of Ahmedabad situated on the bank of the Sabarmati River. In this paper, the ground response studies at a site in Ahmedabad City along with observations of geotechnical aspects such as ground cracking, sand volcanoes and liquefaction of soils associated with the Bhuj earthquake are discussed. The ground response studies indicate that the varying degree of damage to multistorey buildings in Ahmedabad in the close proximity of Sabarmati river area was essentially due to the collapse and undesirable settlement of partly saturated silty sand deposits. Large settlements are attributed to amplification of the ground and the near resonance condition. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

4.
极具潜力的空间对地观测新技术——合成孔径雷达干涉   总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33  
“合成孔径雷达干涉(InSAR)”是近十年发展起来的空间对地观测遥感新技术。它具有从覆盖同一地区的星载(或机载)合成孔径雷达复数图像对提取干涉相位图,借助于雷达成像时的姿态数据重建地表三维模型(即数字高程模型)的巨大潜力。尤其是基于多幅雷达复数图像处理的差分干涉技术(D-InSAR)可以用于监测地表形变,精度可达厘米级甚至更高,其监测空间分辨率是前所未有的。介绍了InSAR和D-InSAR的基本原理,对影响干涉结果的一些重要因素做了分析,重点回顾和展望了差分干涉技术在与地表形变有关的地震监测和震后形变测量、地面下沉和山体滑坡、火山运动监测等方面应用的现状和前景。  相似文献   

5.
Several new active fault traces were identified along Katrol Hill Fault (KHF). A new fault (named as Bhuj Fault, BF) that extends into the Bhuj Plain was also identified. These fault traces were identified based on satellite photo interpretation and field survey. Trenches were excavated to identify the paleoseismic events, pattern of faulting and the nature of deformation. New active fault traces were recognized about 1km north of the topographic boundary between the Katrol Hill and the plain area. The fault exposure along the left bank of Khari River with 10m wide shear zone in the Mesozoic rocks and showing displacement of the overlying Quaternary deposits is indicative of continued tectonic activity along the ancient fault. The E-W trending active fault traces along the KHF in the western part changes to NE-SW or ENE-WSW near Wandhay village. Trenching survey across a low scarp near Wandhay village reveals three major fault strands F1, F2, and F3. These fault strands displaced the older terrace deposits comprising Sand, Silt and Gravel units along with overlying younger deposits from units 1 to 5 made of gravel, sand and silt. Stratigraphic relationship indicates at least three large magnitude earthquakes along KHF during Late Holocene or recent historic past.  相似文献   

6.
B.K. Rastogi   《Tectonophysics》2004,390(1-4):85-103
This paper presents a study of the damage due to the Mw 7.6–7.7 intraplate Kutch earthquake of 26 January 2001. It was a powerful earthquake with a high stress drop of about 20 MPa. Aftershocks (up to M 4) have continued for 2.5 years. The distribution of early aftershocks indicates a rupture plane of 20–25 km radius at depths of 10–45 km along an E–W-trending and south-dipping hidden fault situated approximately 25 km north of the Kutch Mainland Fault. The moment tensor solution determined from regional broadband data indicates reverse motion along a south-dipping (by 47°) fault. The earthquake is the largest event in India in the last 50 years and the most destructive in the recorded history in terms of socioeconomic losses with 13,819 deaths (including 14 in Pakistan), collapse/severe damage of over a million houses and US$10 billion economic loss. Surface faulting was not observed. However, intense land deformations have been observed in a 40×20-km meizoseismal area. These include lateral spreading, ground uplifts (about a meter), ground slumping and deep cracks. Liquefaction with ejection of sand and copious water was widespread in the Banni grassland, Rann areas (salt plains), along rivers and also in the coastal areas up to 200 km distance from the epicenter in areas of intensity VII to X+. Stray incidences of liquefaction have occurred up to distances of at least 300 km. For the first time in India, multistory buildings have been destroyed/damaged by an earthquake. The maximum acceleration is inferred to be 700 cm/s2 and intensities are 1–3 units higher in soil-covered areas than expected from the decay rate of acceleration for hard rock.  相似文献   

7.
This paper investigates the provenance of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous sediments in the Kutch Basin, western India, on the basis of mineralogical investigations of sandstones composition(Quartz-Feldspar-Lithic(QFL)fragment), Zircon-Tourmaline-Rutile(ZTR) index, and mineral chemistry of heavy detrital minerals of the framework.The study also examines the compositional variation of the sandstone in relation to the evolution of the Kutch Basin, which originated as a rift basin during the Late Triassic and evolved into a passive margin basin by the end Cretaceous. This study analyzes sandstone samples of Jhumara, Jhuran and Bhuj Formations of Middle Jurassic,Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous, respectively, in the Kutch Mainland. Sandstones record a compositional evolution from arkosic to subarkosic as the feldspar content decreases from 68% in the Jhumara Formation to 27%in the Bhuj Formation with intermediate values in the Jhuran Formation. The QFL modal composition indicates basement uplifted and transitional continental settings at source. Heavy mineral content of these sandstones reveals the occurrence of zircon, tourmaline, rutile, garnet, apatite, monazite and opaque minerals. Sub-rounded to well-rounded zircon grains indicate a polycyclic origin. ZTR indices for samples in Jhumara, Jhuran and Bhuj Formations are 25%, 30% and 50% respectively. Chemistry of opaque minerals reveals the occurrence of detrital varieties such as ilmenite, rutile, hematite/magnetite and pyrite, in a decreasing order of abundances. Chemistry of ilmenites in the Jhumara Formation reveals its derivation from dual felsic igneous and metabasic source, while those in Jhuran and Bhuj Formations indicate a metabasic derivation. Chemistry of garnet reveals predominantly Fe-rich(almandine) variety of metabasic origin. X-ray microscopic study provides the percentage of heavy minerals ranging from 3% to 5.26%. QFL detrital modes reflect the evolution of the basin from an active rift to a passive margin basin during the Mesozoic. Integration of results from QFL modal composition of the sandstones, heavy mineral analysis and mineral chemistry, suggests sediment supply from both northern and eastern highlands during the Middle Jurassic. The uplift along the Kutch Mainland Fault in the Early Cretaceous results in curtailment of sediment input from north.  相似文献   

8.
The 26th January 2001 Bhuj earthquake was followed by intense aftershock activity. Aftershock data from United States Geological Survey (USGS) utilized in this study encompasses three months period from 26th January to 26th April 2001. Epicenters of the aftershock are plotted on a map depicting active faults. All the aftershocks of magnitude > 5 and 70% of those ranging between magnitude 3 and 5 are confined to an area resembling a horseshoe pattern with a pointed end towards NE. The other 20% of magnitude 3 to 5 are enclosed within an almost parallel boundary. Only 10% are found to be beyond this limiting boundary. 50% of the recorded after-shocks took place within the first week of the main event and this study reveals that the basic characteristic pattern of aftershock activity can be determined on the basis of the data of only one week. Four major NW-SE trending active faults are mapped in the Kutch region. They define the western limit of Cambay structure and also mark the western limit of Dharangadhra and Wadhwan basins along the SE continuation in Saurashtra. These faults separate the Kutch region into two geologically different blocks. On the SW side the mapped horseshoe pattern gets characteristically truncated along the western most fault, which is characterized by a strike-slip movement in the south and vertical movement in the north. The present study has revealed that the epicenter of the 26th January earthquake is located in the vicinity of the Bhachau township, close to the intersection with the Kutch mainland fault. Furthermore, it has been noticed that most of the epicenters of the aftershock are confined in the intersectional area of the Kutch mainland fault and the NW-SE faults.  相似文献   

9.
By using the D-InSAR technique,we have acquired the temporal-spatial evolution images of preseismic-cosesimci-postseismic interferometric deformation fields associated with the M 7.9 earthquake of Mani,Tibet on 8 November 1997.The analysis of these images reveals the relationships between the temporal-spatial evolution features of the interferometric deformation fields and locking, rupturing,and elastic restoring of the source rupture plane,which represent the processes of strain accumulation,strain release,and postseismic restoration.The result shows that 10 months prior to the Mani event,a left-lateral shear trend appeared in the seismic area,which was in accordance with the earthquake fault in nature.The quantity of local deformation on the north wall was slightly larger than that on the south wall,and the deformation distribution area of the north wall was relatively large.With the event impending,the deformation of the south wall varied increasingly,and the deformation center shifted eastward.Two and half monthd before the event,the west side of the fault was still locked while the east side began to slide,implying that the whole fault would rupture at any moment.These features can be regarded as short-term precursors to this earthquake.Within the period from 16 April 1996 to two and half months before the earthquake,the most remarkable deformation zones appeared in the north and south walls,which were parallel to and about 40 km apart from the fault,with accumulated local displacements of 344 mm and 251 mm on the north and south walls,respectively.The south wall was the active one with larger displacements.Five months after the earthquake,the distribution feature of interferometric fringes was just opposite to that prior to the event,expressing evident right-lateral shear.The recovered displacements are～179 mm on the north wall and～79 mm on the south wall,close to the east side of the fault.However,in the area of the south wall far from the fault there still existed a trend of sinistral motion.The deformation of the north wall was small but recovered fast in a larger area,while the active south wall began to recover from the east section of the fault toward the WSW.  相似文献   

10.
深圳市南山区后海片区为总部大厦基地,莲花山断裂带和珠江口大断裂带在此交汇,区域内基岩埋藏较深,断层较发育,存在巨厚的风化深槽,地面高层建筑多采用超长桩基础。文中研究采用永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术对深圳市南山区后海片区南部东侧沿海部分的地面和建（构）筑物进行大范围、长时间形变监测。监测结果表明,深槽上建筑物以及其他构筑物沉降相对稳定,目前在后海巨厚深槽上的建筑桩基施工工艺安全有效。沉降量较大的区域为深圳湾公园草地及其周边区域,主要由于填海造陆软土引起形变。经过与传统监测技术的对比,InSAR技术监测精度满足规范要求。在大范围、低成本、高精度、高效率的形变监测需求方面,InSAR技术具有优势。  相似文献   

11.
鲜水河断裂带是青藏高原东部川滇地块的一条重要边界断裂,全新世以来活动强烈,断裂带沿线岩土体结构破碎强烈,在断裂活动诱发地震、断裂蠕滑和强降雨等因素作用下,断裂带沿线滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害发育密度大,危害严重。在前人研究的基础上,采用短基线集(SBAS InSAR)的方法,基于日本对地观测卫星(ALOS 1)所获得的2007—2011年期间15景PALSAR数据,对鲜水河断裂带道孚至炉霍段的活动速率进行分析计算,获取了该段断裂带内蠕滑型滑坡5年间的时间序列形变特征。研究结果表明：鲜水河断裂带道孚至炉霍段近年来以蠕滑滑动为主,蠕滑速率为(94±078) mm/a,断裂的蠕滑作用对区域构造应力场和断裂带内滑坡具有重要的控制作用,表现为距离鲜水河断裂带越近,影像间相干性越强,稳定的相干点越多,干涉效果越好,滑坡滑动累计位移越大。沿鲜水河断裂道孚至炉霍段,共识别出98个蠕滑型滑坡,沿鲜水河断裂带两侧呈线性展布,并分析了典型蠕滑型滑坡的地表形变特征。基于SBAS InSAR的雷达数据处理方法,可以有效地分析地表的缓慢变形以及区域性蠕滑型滑坡的发育发展变化规律,研究结果对于鲜水河断裂带沿线防灾减灾及类似构造活动地区的地质灾害研究具有一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

12.
The San Ramón Fault is an active west-vergent thrust fault system located along the eastern border of the city of Santiago, at the foot of the main Andes Cordillera. This is a kilometric crustal-scale structure recently recognized that represents a potential source for geological hazards. In this work, we provide new seismological evidences and strong ground-motion modeling from hypothetic kinematic rupture scenarios, to improve seismic hazard assessment in the Metropolitan area of Central Chile. Firstly, we focused on the study of crustal seismicity that we relate to brittle deformation associated with different seismogenic fringes in the main Andes in front of Santiago. We used a classical hypocentral location technique with an improved 1D crustal velocity model, to relocate crustal seismicity recorded between 2000 and 2011 by the National Seismological Service, University of Chile. This analysis includes waveform modeling of seismic events from local broadband stations deployed in the main Andean range, such as San José de Maipo, El Yeso, Las Melosas and Farellones. We selected events located near the stations, whose hypocenters were localized under the recording sites, with angles of incidence at the receiver <5° and S–P travel times <2 s. Our results evidence that seismic activity clustered around 10 km depth under San José de Maipo and Farellones stations. Because of their identical waveforms, such events are interpreted like repeating earthquakes or multiplets and therefore providing first evidence for seismic tectonic activity consistent with the crustal-scale structural model proposed for the San Ramón Fault system in the area (Armijo et al. in Tectonics 29(2):TC2007, 2010). We also analyzed the ground-motion variability generated by an M w 6.9 earthquake rupture scenario by using a kinematic fractal k ?2 composite source model. The main goal was to model broadband strong ground motion in the near-fault region and to analyze the variability of ground-motion parameters computed at various receivers. Several kinematic rupture scenarios were computed by changing physical source parameters. The study focused on statistical analysis of horizontal peak ground acceleration (PGAH) and ground velocity (PGVH). We compared the numerically predicted ground-motion parameters with empirical ground-motion predictive relationships from Kanno et al. (Bull Seismol Soc Am 96:879–897, 2006). In general, the synthetic PGAH and PGVH are in good agreement with the ones empirically predicted at various source distances. However, the mean PGAH at intermediate and large distances attenuates faster than the empirical mean curve. The largest mean values for both, PGAH and PGVH, were observed near the SW corner within the area of the fault plane projected to the surface, which coincides rather well with published hanging-wall effects suggesting that ground motions are amplified there.  相似文献   

13.
塔里木盆地东南缘新生代构造变形特征研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
塔里木盆地东南缘新生代变形特征研究对探讨阿尔金构造带新生代的活动特征及阿尔金构造带与西昆仑构造带的相互作用具有重要意义。本文在野外地质调查的基础上,结合地球物理和沉积学资料,探讨了塔里木盆地东南缘的新生代变形及演化特征。塔里木盆地东南缘新生代构造变形受西昆仑构造带、阿尔金构造带和车尔臣断裂带的控制,且变形由西向东减弱。西南部的构造样式主要表现为受西昆仑向北冲断作用控制的冲断构造;东南部为受阿尔金断层走滑作用控制的走滑-冲断构造;而北部则为受车尔臣断层走滑作用控制的基底卷入走滑-冲断构造。中新世,盆地东南缘受西昆仑构造带大规模的冲断活动影响,导致民丰山前盆地挠曲沉降和冲断层发育,而车尔臣断裂仅有微弱活动;上新世开始,构造变形扩展到整个研究区,不仅西昆仑构造带和车尔臣断裂带表现出强烈变形,而且阿尔金断层走滑作用强烈,导致北侧次级断层的强烈走滑冲断作用和若羌山前挤压挠曲盆地的形成。新生代时期,西昆仑构造带北向冲断作用要早于阿尔金构造带的走滑变形,阿尔金构造带的走滑作用对西昆仑构造带北向冲断构造有强烈的改造。  相似文献   

14.
于田地震同震形变场ALOS干涉雷达观测及初步分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
2008年3月21日发生在新疆于田的7.3级地震是继2001年11月昆仑山口西8.1级地震后的最大一次7级以上地震.地震是构造活动的集中反映, 会伴随着较大的地表形变及断裂的明显活动, 能够放大构造正常的活动方式, 同震变形场是这种放大作用在地表的直观反映, 对于认识发震断裂运动性质, 研究邻近构造活动性具有重要意义.青藏高原西北缘自然环境恶劣, 常规方法无法对于田地震开展及时有效的同震形变测量, 凸显出差分干涉雷达(InSAR)技术的优势.在介绍InSAR观测原理基础上, 通过地震前后ALOS干涉雷达观测获取了于田地震的同震变形场, 并结合构造背景揭示出:于田Ms 7.3级地震的宏观震中位于康西瓦断裂东南端的南北2个分支(大红柳滩断裂和慕士山南麓断裂)和阿尔金断裂西南端帚状的3个分支交汇的三角地带; 于田地震引发了阿尔金断裂一近南北向分支断裂的同震地表破裂, 破裂长度为25.6 km; 发震断层为正断层, 倾向西, 上盘的最大运动幅度在200 cm以上; 于田地震所在的两大断裂交汇处的构造应力场以近南北向挤压为主.   相似文献   

15.
Most applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) make only use of the amplitude information in just one image. Interferometric SAR (InSAR) makes use mainly of the phase measurements in two or more SAR images of the same scene, acquired at two different moments and/or at two slightly different locations. By interference of the two images, very small slant-range changes of the same surface can be inferred. These slant-range changes can be related to topography and/or surface deformations. InSAR thus has the potential of mapping centimeter-scale ground displacements over a region many tens of kilometers in size at a resolution of a few meters making it one of the most promising space-geodetic techniques for monitoring Earth's surface deformations. The goal of this paper is to discuss some of the potential new applications of InSAR for the monitoring of deformations, and to show its major limitations. Some potential new applications of InSAR related to surface-change detection including earthquake and crustal studies, the monitoring of volcanoes and anthropogenic effects, and the monitoring of glaciers and ice sheets are presented. The discussion on the limitations of InSAR for surface-change detection focuses on atmospheric perturbations and the problem of temporal decorrelation.  相似文献   

16.
合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量技术(D-InSAR)可监测地球表面的微量形变,包括地震、火山活动、冰川漂移、地面沉降、活动断裂及山体滑坡等引起的地表位移,是近年来发展起来并得到日益重视的新方法,与其他监测方法(如GPS监测等)相比,用D-InSAR进行地面微位移监测具有全天时、全天候、精度高、覆盖范围大且空间连续的巨大优势。采用D-InSAR技术对阿尔金东段构造变形特征进行了研究,结果表明,阿尔金断裂带是青藏高原东北缘地壳变形的重要分界线。界线以北地区变形均匀,而且变形量较小;以南地区变形强烈且不均匀,变形强度的总体趋势为西高东低,中间受北祁连断裂带西段的影响,在断裂带中出现约为1.0cm的变形低值。另外,南区存在N65°W和近NW两个方向的线性强变形带,前者与阿尔金走滑断裂带次一级的压扭面方向一致,后者与北祁连断裂带西段的展布方向一致。  相似文献   

17.
The Kutch region located in northwestern part of India is an ancient rift basin that was active until Cretaceous period. The region falls close to the India–Arabia and the India–Eurasia plate boundaries and has experienced devastating earthquakes in the past, namely the 1819 Allah Bund earthquake, the 1956 Anjar earthquake and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake. To understand the tectonics of this region with respect to the adjacent plate boundaries, we invert seismic waveform data of 11 earthquakes in this region recorded by a network of the Institute of Seismological Research (ISR) during 2007–2009. The study yields focal mechanism solutions of reverse fault and strike-slip type mechanism. The inferred fault planes correlate well with the local trends of the known tectonic faults while the principal stress directions derived from stress inversion based on a linearized least squares approach, trend agreeably with the ambient stress field directions. A consistently right-lateral sense of shear is found on all the local faults as derived from each of the matching planes of the focal mechanism solutions computed in the present study. It is inferred that in the Kutch region a right-lateral strike-slip environment prevails along predominantly EW to NW-SE oriented deep-seated pre-existing faults in an otherwise compressive stress regime. This, in conjunction with the left-lateral movements along the Girnar mountain in southern Saurashtra, inferred from previous studies, indicates a westward escape of the Kutch–Saurashtra block as a consequence of the northward collision of the Indian plate with respect to the Eurasian landmass.  相似文献   

18.
Geological, geomorphological and tectonic element studies of the Kachchh region have been carried out and correlation between them with the seismic data has been attempted. Study and analysis of Bhuj region using various remote sensing techniques including surface temperature changes, InSAR studies and GPS have also been attempted to identify earthquake precursors on different scales and the areas susceptible to damage or disaster on different degrees. The Kachchh region is located in Mesozoic rift environment that was earlier characterized by tensional stresses, but present-day compressive stress regime suggests that this region is undergoing a stage of inversion tectonics. The present work aims at the application of remote sensing techniques in developing a long-term precursor in the form of landscape changes, before the occurrence of a major earthquake as a result of crustal stress accumulation. It is, therefore, necessary to find out with the help of other precursors whether or not the area is accumulating stress. A minute observation of all the acquired multi-temporal imageries could demarcate minute geomorphological changes in this region, for example, shifting of drainage patterns since the development of paleochannels, slow upliftment/depressions, etc. Moreover, a distinct change in temperature (~5 to 6 °C) could be observed on April 6, 2006, and again on April 10, 2006, in the Kachchh region before the occurrence of tremor, particularly along the Kachchh Mainland Fault, indicating that such tremor generates sufficient stress before the earthquake particularly along the fault line. b values study over the region during last 50 years has also clearly indicated the drastic stress changes particularly before the occurrence of a big earthquake. GPS observations have also indicated a major thrust region lying along ENE–WSW with stress alignment along ENE–WSW. The region on the west of the Kachchh Mainland Fault and the South Wagad Fault can be called as seismic gap region as very few major earthquakes have taken place in this region.  相似文献   

19.
Gravity and magnetic data of the Kachchh basin and surrounding regions have delineated major E–W and NW–SE oriented lineaments and faults, which are even extending up to plate boundaries in the north Arabian Sea and western boundary of the Indian plate, respectively. The epicentral zone of Bhuj earthquake and its aftershocks is located over the junction of Rann of Kachchh and median uplifts viz. Kachchh mainland and Wagad uplifts, which are separated by thrust faults. Gravity data with constraints from the results of the seismic studies along a profile suggest that the basement is uplifted towards the north along thrust faults dipping 40–60° south. Similarly gravity and magnetic modeling along a profile across Wagad uplift suggest south dipping (50–60°) basement contacts separating rocks of high susceptibility and density towards the north. One of these contacts coincides with the fault plane of the Bhuj earthquake as inferred from seismological studies and its projection on the surface coincides with the E–W oriented north Wagad thrust fault. A circular gravity high in contact with the fault in northern part of the Wagad uplift along with high amplitude magnetic anomaly suggests plug type mafic intrusive in this region. Several such gravity anomalies are observed over the island belt in the Rann of Kachchh indicating their association with mafic intrusions. The contact of these intrusives with the country rock demarcates shallow crustal inhomogeneities, which provides excellent sites for the accumulation of regional stress. A regional gravity anomaly map based on the concept of isostasy presents two centers of gravity lows of −11 to −13 mGal (10−5 m/s2) representing mass deficiency in the epicentral region. Their best-fit model constrained from the receiver function analysis and seismic refraction studies suggest crustal root of 7–8 km (deep crustal inhomogeneity) under them for a standard density contrast of −400 kg/m3. It is, therefore, suggested that significant amount of stress get concentrated in this region due to (a) buoyant crustal root, (b) regional stress due to plate tectonic forces, and (c) mafic intrusives as stress concentrators and the same might be responsible for the frequent and large magnitude earthquakes in this region including the Bhuj earthquake of January 26, 2001.  相似文献   

20.
Based on the working principle of satellite radars, the earthquake deformation field measured by interferometric synthetic aperture (InSAR) is the projection of ground displacement associated with the seismogenic fault in the line of sight (LOS) of the satellite. However, LOS projections are complex, and are not only related to the ascending/descending modes and incidence angles of SAR data, but also related to the strike and motion senses of the fault. Even for the same earthquake, the LOS deformation derived from different ascending/descending data can be almost identical in one case, but quite different in another case, which makes the interpretation of InSAR seismic deformation and its comparison with field observations difficult. In this study, we undertook a quantitative analysis of the relationships between LOS observation sensitivity of InSAR and fault strike, fault motion sense, and ascending/descending modes, as well as 3D deformation fields. We studied the features and differences of the LOS deformation fields in different types of earthquakes using ascending/descending modes, with a particularly detailed analysis of the relations for a strike-slip type of earthquake. We also summarized the characteristics of LOS deformation fields of faults with different strikes and optimal observational data modes. Taking the strike-slip Yushu earthquake and the normal Gaize event as examples, we used SAR data of the ascending/descending modes to verify the results of quantitative calculations. These analyses will not only provide a more reasonable interpretation of InSAR seismic deformation fields and but also help understand the differences of seismic deformation fields revealed by data with different observational modes, therefore promoting the application of InSAR technology in seismology.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号