共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 458 毫秒
1.
基坑开挖过程中,土体应力路径、卸载回弹再压缩特性与简单加载或卸载不同,采用常规的理想弹塑性模型模拟基坑开挖,得到的围护墙位移、坑内土体回弹以及坑外沉降较大。分析了基坑开挖不同区域土体的性状,采用土体硬化模型模拟基坑开挖的卸载与土体硬化行为,结合工程算例,对比土体硬化模型和理想弹塑性模拟以及实测的围护结构土压力、围护墙水平位移和坑外土体沉降,并利用强度折减法分析基坑的稳定性。计算结果表明,考虑土体硬化的HS模型有限元方法能体现土体卸载再加载与开挖的特性,所得土压力、围护结构水平位移以及基坑抗隆起稳定性符合软土地区基坑工程的实践。 相似文献
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Fusao Oka Naoki Takada Kazuyuki Shimono Yosuke Higo Sayuri Kimoto 《Acta Geotechnica》2016,11(3):625-642
In the present study, the large-scale excavation in the construction is numerically back-analyzed using a soil–water-coupled finite element method with an elasto-viscoplastic model which considers the strain-induced degradation. The measurements of the deformation have been performed during the construction of a new railway station in Osaka, Japan, in which a large and deep excavation has been successfully carried out using a special deep mixing type of soil improvement method with earth retaining walls through the thick Holocene Osaka Umeda clay deposit. A comparison between the numerical results and the measurements of the excavation at Osaka shows that the simulation method can reproduce the overall deformation of the soft ground and the earth retaining walls including the time-dependent behaviour during the excavation and a deep mixing soil improvement method as an additional technique for stability are effective. 相似文献
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软土基坑开挖引起的坑外地表沉降预测数值分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对基坑开挖过程的有限元数值模拟可知,当围护结构发生正向、反向转动及挠曲等3种基本变形模式时,坑外地表沉降分布具有较为明显的规律,均可采用统一格式的指数曲线进行模拟,即可得到坑外地表沉降曲线的经验公式。利用正向、反向转动及挠曲等3种基本变形模式对围护结构的任意变形模式进行拟合,求得3种基本模式的最大位移值,然后根据3种基本模式所对应的坑外地表沉降经验公式,求得每一基本模式所对应的坑外地表沉降分量,并进行叠加,从而求得坑外地表沉降分布曲线。 相似文献
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在深厚软土地基上修筑无砟轨道高速铁路低矮路基,需要重点解决好软土地基工后沉降和长期动力稳定性问题.软土地基具有高压缩性,路堤荷载作用下会产生较大的残余沉降;同时,线路运营后,地基土在高速列车长期循环动荷载作用下易产生较大的塑性变形,二者耦合将严重影响到无砟轨道的几何状态和线路运营安全.基于此,在京沪高速铁路上海虹桥深厚软土地区低矮路基中,首次采用了桩基-连续薄板梁结构型式,并进行了系统的静动态监测、测试.结果表明,该结构工后沉降控制效果良好、长期循环荷载作用下性能稳定,可以满足高速铁路铺设无砟轨道和高速列车长期平顺运行的要求. 相似文献
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不同开挖宽度与深度比条件下基坑围护结构与周围土体的变形特性将发生变化。采用二维有限元方法分析了不同开挖宽度与深度比（L/D）条件下无支撑悬臂开挖基坑的变形性状,详细探讨了开挖宽度与深度比对地表沉降、地表水平位移、坑底隆起、坑底水平位移及围护结构侧向变形的影响。计算结果表明：在基坑开挖深度不变的条件下,地表沉降量、坑底隆起量及坑底水平位移量均随L/D的增加呈非线性增长,开始增长迅速,当L/D达一定值后,数值几乎不再变化;地表水平位移量随L/D的增加先减小后增大;围护结构侧向变形随L/D的增加逐步由顶端内倾型过渡到整体向坑内移动的顶端外倾型。L/D越大,围护结构的整体侧向位移越大。 相似文献
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现有基坑相关研究主要关注土方开挖过程引起的变形,认为围护结构变形起点是土方第1次开挖。然而,一些工程实测表明,基坑开挖前降水阶段即可引起围护结构及周边地层发生厘米级的变形。显然,未考虑开挖前变形的基坑监测数据将低估基坑施工的环境效应。为了研究基坑开挖前降水引发基坑变形的机制,开展了室内模型试验,对基坑开挖前降水过程进行了缩尺精细化模拟。通过微型降水井的设置与调控,模型试验真实再现了实际基坑降水过程中井流效应对围护结构受力变形的影响。试验过程中发现,随着降水的进行,坑外降水漏斗不断扩展,围护结构悬臂式侧移及坑外拱肩式地面沉降也随之产生。另外,降水导致墙前水压力明显减小,并诱发墙前侧向总压力重分布（以减小为主）,围护结构为此发生指向坑内的悬臂式运动以寻求新的受力平衡,并通过墙后土体损失诱发坑外地层变形。 相似文献
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具有内支撑结构的围护系统在基坑边角处具有更大的系统刚度,使得基坑边角附近处土体的位移小于距离边角较远处土体的位移,即基坑的变形问题表现出空间特性。为了更好地研究L/He（L为沿基坑纵向方向上的距离;He为开挖深度）、开挖深度等因素对空间效应的影响,量测了两个狭长形地铁车站深基坑不同位置处土体的侧向位移、土体沉降等。通过对现场监测资料的分析发现,边角效应能够减小侧向位移的平面应变比,灌注桩围护结构、SMW工法桩围护结构和地下连续墙在边角附近处的平面应变比(PSR)分别为0.50、0.61和0.72。当平面应变比(PSR)接近于1.00时,对应的L/He值分别为2.50、6.00和4.00。随着L/He值的增大,土体的纵向最大沉降呈先增大后保持稳定的趋势。随开挖深度的增加,边角效应的影响范围呈增大的趋势。在基坑纵向沉降的空间效应中,灌注桩围护结构、SMW工法桩围护结构的土体最大沉降值达到稳定时对应的L/He值分别为2.50和5.20。土体沉降和侧向位移的空间效应有一定的相关性。 相似文献
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影响基坑变形的实质性状态变量分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
深基坑变形控制设计中,要考虑影响基坑变形的因素非常多,各因素又很复杂。用非线性数值分析方法进行基坑变形分析的工作量相当大,时间很长。为了快速准确地分析基坑变形的规律,必须筛选 出主要的因素。为此视基坑数值分析范围为一个系统,基坑周边沉降、支护结构位移和坑底隆起为系统输出量,降水、开挖和支护施工各工况中变化的因素为系统输入量。通过多个基坑实测沉降、位移、隆起量时序数据的关联维数和实质性状态变量个数即 相似文献
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面板对路堤式加筋土挡墙力学特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加筋土挡墙作为一种新型的轻型支挡结构,广泛应用于公路、铁路、港口等工程中。随着加筋土挡墙技术的发展,面板的类型也越来越丰富。利用Plaxis有限元软件,对路堤式加筋土挡墙进行了二维有限元计算分析。针对墙背水平土压力、垂直土压力、挡墙侧向位移、筋材应变和挡墙稳定系数等计算结果的分析,探讨了3种类型面板（返包式面板、整体式面板和拼装式面板）对路堤式加筋土挡墙力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,垂直和水平土压力的数值计算结果均小于理论值;相比较与其他两种面板的加筋土挡墙,返包式面板加筋土挡墙筋材的应变最大;面板类型对于加筋土挡墙的整体稳定性几乎没有影响。研究成果为实际工程的应用提供了理论指导。 相似文献
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掌握高速铁路陡坡地基条件下路肩桩板墙力学特性是路堤侧向变形控制的关键。以贵广高速铁路某陡坡地基路肩桩板墙为试验工点,对墙背土压力、桩身内力与变形进行了900余天现场长期观测,讨论了墙后路堤分层填筑引起的墙土侧向变形形态差异及机械碾压残余应力对土压力分布的影响。结果表明：适应高速铁路小变形要求的强约束、深锚固路肩桩板墙能有效控制陡坡地基路堤侧向变形,桩体仅呈0.94‰的近似刚性转动,填筑完成后变形约占30%,且1.0～1.5 a趋于稳定;经碾压密实的墙后粗粒土填料,即使在小变形下依然能达到主动土压力状态;分层填筑引起墙后填土侧向变形呈现的“上小下大”分布形态与墙体位移相反,是墙背土压力呈现出中部大、两端小抛物线分布模式的重要因素;基于适筋梁受力状态及平截面假定,分别结合实测钢筋应力与混凝土应变换算得到的桩身弯矩具有良好的一致性,与极限地基反力法的理论计算吻合。 相似文献
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本文以南宁轨道交通1号线广西大学站深基坑为工程背景,对圆砾地层深基坑工程进行离心机模型试验,并采用Plaxis数值模拟进行对比分析,分别获取了围护墙体变形、侧向土压力数据。基于以上数据,根据基坑弹性地基反力法基本原理,进一步对圆砾地层深基坑围护结构弹性地基主动区、被动区的计算模式进行了分析研究,结果表明:圆砾地层深基坑墙后土压力大小与墙体位移有关,达到主动土压力状态所需的墙体位移量S/h约为0.1%;主动区土压力分布形态为开挖面以上三角形、开挖面以下矩形,符合弹性地基反力法计算模式;被动区地基水平基床系数K随深度近似呈线性增长关系,即弹性地基模式符合m法的分布形态。 相似文献
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This paper presents a numerical analysis of the influence of initial stress state on the response of deep excavation supported by retaining wall. Indeed, the influence of diaphragm wall installation prior to excavation works may affect the soil response and lateral wall deflection induced by excavation process. The first part of this paper gives a short review of the numerical methods aimed to reproduce the retaining wall installation. Numerical analysis of a deep excavation in two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional conditions is then performed according to the methods previously presented. In three‐dimensional conditions, diaphragm wall installation is performed considering a sequence of panels, described by their number and length. Results of three‐dimensional calculations confirm that stress state is disturbed by wall installation, which has a sensitive effect on the ground response induced by soil excavation. It is also noted that these results are not easily reproduced in two‐dimensional conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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分别开展砂土和粉质黏土两种典型土质条件下基坑悬臂式开挖离心模型试验,详细叙述试验过程中所要解决的关键问题,并提出合理的解决方案。通过对比分析两组试验结果,得到以下结论：非饱和土地基制备中参数控制困难,分层夯实法有待进一步改进,而砂雨法制备的砂土地基参数可控性更好;两组试验的结果有差异,砂土地基试验所呈现的土压力、地基变形、支护弯矩的变化规律更好,因此,岩土离心试验可适当考虑以砂土代替非饱和土;对于采用悬臂式支护结构的基坑,开挖引起的地表沉降曲线在砂土中呈指数型,而在粉质黏土中呈直线型;开挖引起的粉质黏土地基土体位移范围较砂土地基更大;开挖引起的砂土中挡墙弯矩较粉质黏土更大,砂土和粉质黏土中最大弯矩位置都随开挖逐渐下移;在砂土试验中开挖引起主动区土压力各处均减小,而在粉质黏土试验中开挖引起土压力在挡墙底有增大趋势。该基坑工程离心模型试验过程及数据处理方法可为进一步试验提供参考。 相似文献
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The deformation of a deep foundation pit in Ulanqab city was analyzed by in situ monitoring and numerical simulation data. First, a limit equilibrium method was used to evaluate the stability of foundation pit under non-supporting and ribbed plate anchored retaining wall support. The results show that the ribbed plate anchored retaining wall support could control the soil deformation effectively in deep foundation pit. Additionally, a three-dimensional finite difference model of excavation zone and reinforcement structure was established using FLAC3D software to simulate the excavation of deep foundation pit. The simulation results were verified by monitoring field data. The simulation results show that all the bolts are in the tension state, and the maximum axial force is located at the end of the bolt, with a value of 46.4 kN. Foundation pit excavation is a continuous stress release process, making the rock and soil of side wall of foundation pit slide towards the free surface. The largest deformation is 4.0 mm, near the side wall of foundation pit, consistent with the deformation monitoring results.
相似文献15.
A series of three-dimensional finite element analyses of deep excavations with the integrated system between buttress walls and diaphragm walls was conducted to investigate the effect of the buttress wall intervals, treatments, locations, height, and thickness on limiting deformations induced by deep excavation. The integrated retaining system was formed by maintaining buttress walls when soil was excavated. The wall deflection control mechanism of the integrated retaining system mainly came from the combined stiffness between the buttress wall and the diaphragm wall. In addition, the ground settlement control mechanism came from the combined stiffness between the buttress wall and the diaphragm wall, and the frictional resistance between the buttress wall and the surrounding soil. For achieving 50% reduction in the wall deflection and the ground surface settlement, the length and intervals of buttress walls that were applied to the integrated retaining system were at least 4 and 8 m, respectively. When the deflection at the diaphragm wall head was well restrained, for example, by the floor slab, the position of the buttress wall head could be located at a depth the diaphragm wall starts to bulge out. In such a case, the performance between the full height and limited height of buttress walls was quite close. Furthermore, a new well-documented excavation project was analyzed to verify the performance of the integrated retaining system. Results showed that the integrated retaining system worked excellently if the joints between buttress walls and diaphragm walls were constructed properly. 相似文献
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深基坑支护结构的实用计算方法及其应用 总被引：23，自引：6，他引：17
对深基坑支护结构的受力和变形计算提出了一套系统的实用计算方法,较好地解决了基坑支护结构设计、计算的关键问题,并在广州地铁和许多重大基坑工程应用中取得了较好的效果。该方法把支护结构简化为一竖放的弹性地基梁,支撑、锚杆及岩土体用弹簧系统来代替,岩土的弹簧刚度可用岩土的变形模量来计算, 针对基坑工程施工和结构的动态特点,提出了一套系统的计算方法,其中包括考虑施工过程的增量计算法、合理确定支护结构入土深度的计算法、支撑加预应力及支撑拆除的计算方法等,并应用提出的增量法,首次较完整地对国际上著名的支护土压力Terzaghi-Peck表观土压力给出了理论解释,对岩土的变形模量提出采用承载力反算的经验方法,为岩土参数的确定提供了更简便的方法。这一系列的研究成果为深基坑支护结构的设计提供了一套新颖的实用计算方法,较好地解决了基坑支护结构中的一系列设计计算难题,已在工程实践中成功应用。 相似文献
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Conventional numerical predictions of deep excavations normally neglect the construction process of the retaining structure and choose the earth pressure at rest as initial condition at the beginning of the simulation. The presented results of simulation and measurements during the construction process of the Taipei National Enterprise Center show, that such an assumption leads to an underestimation of the horizontal wall deflection, the surface ground settlements as well as the loading of the struts in case of normally to slightly over‐consolidated clayey soil deposits. The stepwise installation process of the individual diaphragm wall panels results in a substantial modification of the lateral effective stresses in the adjacent ground. Especially the pouring process of the panel and the fresh concrete pressure causes a partial mobilization of the passive earth pressure and a distinct stress level increase in the upper half of the wall. As a consequence of the increased stresses prior to the pit excavation, up to 15% greater ground and wall movements are predicted. Moreover, the increased stress level due to the installation process of the diaphragm wall leads to substantial higher strut loadings during the excavation of the pit. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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考虑基坑卸载影响的改进弹性抗力法及其应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
弹性抗力法是目前实际工程中基坑支护结构变形内力计算的一种主要方法,该方法借鉴的是计算水平荷载作用下竖直放置弹性桩的地基反力系数法,但没有考虑开挖卸载对土抗力系数和坑内土体的变形影响,因而导致变形计算值通常小于实测值。首先在开挖面施加反向自重应力模拟基坑的开挖卸荷,利用Mindlin解得到坑内土体的卸荷应力分布;在前人的实验研究基础上,推导了不同卸荷比下考虑卸荷影响的土体水平抗力系数;将支护结构的变形分解为开挖瞬时的卸载作用和基坑内外水土压力差作用2个阶段,考虑卸载应力路径对坑内土体水平抗力系数以及开挖瞬时变形的影响,对传统的弹性抗力法进行了改进,最后将该方法应用于典型三维基坑算例。研究发现,改进法得到的支护结构水平变形大于传统方法,而对内力结果影响不大;基坑平面尺寸越大,两者的变形结果差别越明显,改进法更能反映平面尺寸对基坑变形的影响 相似文献