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作者首次使用激光微区质谱技术分析了煤中有机显微组分，描述了其谱图特征，发现不同地区煤样和同一地区煤样的不同显微组分其激光微区质谱（LAMMS）特征不同，反映了它们化学成分和结构上的差异。作者还将激光微区质谱技术（LAMMS）与飞行时间二次离子质谱（TOFSIMS）技术的优缺点作了初步对比，认为TOFSIMS／LAMMS两种技术结合起来是煤的微区分析较好的选择。 相似文献
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激光剥蚀等离子质谱微区分析在固体地球科学中的应用进展 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
当前分析化学技术正向着痕量微区方向发展。这使得我们能够用更小更少的样品直接得到更多的地球化学信息。在诸多微区测试技术中,激光剥蚀等离子质谱（LA-ICPMS）技术发展最快。其地质应用较广,激光探针等离子体质谱能够进行固体样品的微区微量元素和同位素的分析,具有灵敏度高、简便、快速的特点,同样具有在同位素定年上的潜力。近年来又研制出激光剥蚀多道接收等离子质谱（LA-MC-ICPMS）仪,使得微区同位素分析开始了新的革命。而多种微区技术综合应用为近几年分析地球化学新的趋势。 相似文献
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4.
微区原位普通铅同位素分析技术及其地质应用进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用激光剥蚀-多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-MC-ICP-MS)和二次离子质谱(SIMS)等分析技术进行微区原位普通Pb同位素分析是微区地球化学研究的重要内容之一.综述了矿物、熔体包裹体和沉积结核的微区原位普通Pb同位素分析技术及其地质应用的新进展.这些研究资料表明该分析技术在岩浆岩成因、沉积物物源示踪、地幔地球化学、古海洋学以及矿床学等的研究中提供了常规的全岩Pb同位素分析方法难以获得的重要信息,充分展示了该分析技术在地球科学研究中的应用前景. 相似文献
5.
塔里木盆地海相烃源岩显微组分的分类及其岩石学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对塔里木盆地海相烃源岩所作的详细有机岩石学研究，提出了适合该盆地的以全岩及干酷根为基础的海相烃源岩显微组分分类方案系统地阐述了各微组分光性，成因及岩石学特征。在该盆地早古代源岩中发现藻类型沥青、动物型沥青、镜状体及海相惰性体等几种显微组分。 相似文献
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皖北新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩石学特征及沉积环境探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
臼齿构造是一种发育在元古代碳酸盐岩中的特殊类型的沉积构造。通过对皖北新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩旋回层序和岩石学特征研究，探讨了臼齿构造形成的环境。以旋回层序和海平面变化为基础，将皖北新元古界地层划分为上、下两个旋回层序组，臼齿构造在各旋回层序中广泛发育，主要分布在泥晶灰岩、泥灰岩、粉屑灰岩中，在粗颗粒的碳酸盐岩中很少出现。研究发现，臼齿构造具有两个标志性特点：其一是臼齿构造在结构上与基质有明显区别，它是由均一的、等轴的、多边形的微亮晶方解石组成，个体为3～10μm；其二是臼齿构造比基质具有先固结，快速石化作用的特点，臼齿构造的^87Sr／^86Sr比值明显低于基质。臼齿碳酸盐岩的岩石学特征指示其形成并发育在稳定克拉通缓坡沉积体系中，是潮下浅水环境的标志。根据臼齿构造类型在各级旋回层序微相单元中的分布关系，将臼齿构造划分为垂直、斜交、杂乱、平行层面四种主要类型和六种组合类型，这种划分方案具有环境指示意义，不同的臼齿构造类型反映了不同的沉积环境，建立了臼齿构造碳酸盐岩微相环境模式。 相似文献
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现代地球科学研究的重大突破在很大程度上取决于观测和分析技术的创新。新世纪以来,我国地球科学领域引进了一批高性能新型微束分析仪器设备,建立了一批高规格的实验室。本文回顾了近十年来微束分析技术与方法的主要进展及其在地球科学研究中的应用实例,包括电子探针、扫描电镜、透射电镜、大型离子探针、纳米离子探针、飞行时间二次离子质谱、激光剥蚀等离子体质谱、激光诱导原子探针、原子探针技术、显微红外光谱、同步辐射等,这些分析技术的进步和广泛应用极大地提高了我们对地球和行星演化历史及许多地质过程的理解。今后,应加快微束分析的新技术、新方法和新标准的开发,特别是高水平人才队伍建设,提高创新能力并在国际学术舞台上发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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沉积有机质激光热裂解色谱质谱探针分析技术的尝试及其前景探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
激光热裂解－色谱－质谱分析方法具有从技术层面上融合分子地球化学方法和有机岩石学方法的潜能。通过抚顺煤镜质组分和树脂体的研究实例，介绍了激光热裂解－色谱－质谱探针分析的基本原理及测试方法。抚顺煤显微组分的微区热裂解产物特征中，镜质组和树脂体热解产物的正烷烃、烷基萘和四氢化萘的总体面貌相似，但树脂体中正烷烃含量较低，而烷基四氢化萘明显较高，这可能反映显微组分形成过程中发生过低分子烃类在各显微组分之间的混合作用。除此之外，还把激光热裂解－色谱－质谱探针技术与传统的分子地球化学方法、有机岩石学方法进行比较。探讨了激光热裂解－色谱－质谱探针技术的应用前景以及尚待解决的技术问题。落射到样品表面的激光束能量（温度）和控制和激光辐射时间的，激光束斑大小、热解产物量、色谱－质谱检验灵敏度极限三者关系等，都是限制新技术应用的技术问题。 相似文献
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基于24口井岩心铸体、岩石薄片的测试数据及砂岩微观结构的观察，分析了溱潼凹陷北坡阜三段碎屑岩储层的岩石学特征、不同沉积微相砂岩的物性特征、储集空间特征、成岩作用及成岩演化特征。研究结果表明本区东西部阜三段储层在沉积微相、岩石学特征、储集空间、成岩特征等方面都存在着一定的差异。指出较好的储层位于本区莫庄北部的上下砂组及茅山北部、叶甸—边城西北部的上砂组中；同时认为次生孔隙在纵向上具有一定的分带性，其主要分布在埋深2350m～2880m。最后对本区储层进行了评价和预测． 相似文献
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同位素地质科学技术的新进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文论述了同位素地质科学技术近年来所取得的一系列新进展,主要表现在:1.激光共振离子化质谱技术(RIMS);2.二次离子化质谱技术(SIMS);3.热离子化质谱技术(TIMS);4.同位素比值鉴测质谱技术(Irm-MS);5.流体包裹体~10Ar/~39Ar、Rb/Sr、Sm/Nd年龄测定及稳定同位素测定技术.对某些方法进行了离子分离和气体收集等方面的改进,如Pb的逐步蒸发技术,镭的化学分离和质谱测气.由于离子探针和激光技术的引进,使同位素测试可以在单个矿物的微区以及单个包裹体上进行.同位素地质科学技术的发展和它在现在及未来的应用可能性、它对地质科学及环境科学所产生的巨大影响,使我们面临新的严峻挑战. 相似文献
11.
Thomas J. Zega Conel M. O’D. Alexander Larry R. Nittler Rhonda M. Stroud 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2010,74(20):5966-5983
We report a coordinated analytical study of matrix material in the Tagish Lake carbonaceous chondrite in which the same small (?20 μm) fragments were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). SIMS analysis reveals H and N isotopic anomalies (hotspots), ranging from hundreds to thousands of nanometers in size, which are present throughout the fragments. Although the differences in spatial resolution of the SIMS techniques we have used introduce some uncertainty into the exact location of the hotspots, in general, the H and N isotopic anomalies are spatially correlated with C enrichments, suggesting an organic carrier. TEM analysis, enabled by site-specific extraction using a focused-ion-beam scanning-electron microscope, shows that the hotspots contain an amorphous component, Fe-Ni sulfides, serpentine, and mixed-cation carbonates. TEM imaging reveals that the amorphous component occurs in solid and porous forms, EDS indicates that it contains abundant C, and EELS and XANES at the C K edge reveal that it is largely aromatic. This amorphous component is probably macromolecular C, likely the carrier of the isotopic anomalies, and similar to the material extracted from bulk samples as insoluble organic matter. However, given the large sizes of some of the hotspots, the disparity in spatial resolution among the various techniques employed in our study, and the phases with which they are associated, we cannot entirely rule out that some of the isotopic anomalies are carried by inorganic material, e.g., sheet silicates. The isotopic composition of the organic matter points to an initially primitive origin, quite possibly within cold interstellar clouds or the outer reaches of the solar protoplanetary disk. The association of organic material with secondary phases, e.g., serpentine and carbonates, suggests that the organic matter was susceptible to parent-body processing, and thus, isotopic dilution. 相似文献
12.
I.E. Vasil’eva E.V. Shabanova E.M. Goryacheva O.T. Sotskaya V.A. Labusov O.A. Nekludov A.A. Dzyuba 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(8):997-1009
Scintillation arc atomic-emission spectrometry (SAES) is used to study noble metals (NM), including Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Ir, Os, Rh, and Ru, in black shales of the Sukhoi Log gold deposit (Irkutsk Region, Russia), with a focus on NM total contents in samples and on the compositions and sizes of NM-bearing particles. The estimated sizes of gold particles and their distribution are confirmed by results of scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX). The SAES results are in satisfactory agreement with earlier SEM-EDX data on NM species but reveal a much greater number and diversity of element associations. 相似文献
13.
矿物包裹体的化学成分研究在地质学、矿床学和油气勘探等方面具有重要意义。目前对包裹体化学成分分析的主要分析方法有激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)、电子探针(EPMA)、显微激光拉曼光谱(LRS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、质子诱发X射线光谱分析(PIXE)、同步辐射X射线荧光光谱(SXRF)和(传统的)二次离子质谱分析(SIMS)等。本文在对上述方法的分析特点进行简单介绍的基础上,重点阐述了对于矿床学样品表征具有广泛应用潜力的飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)的原理、特点和技术优势,总结了国内外学者应用TOF-SIMS对矿物包裹体化学成分分析的研究进展与存在问题,并做了相关领域的展望。 相似文献
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Further Characterisation of the 91500 Zircon Crystal 总被引：28，自引：2，他引：28
Michael Wiedenbeck John M. Hanchar William H. Peck Paul Sylvester John Valley Martin Whitehouse reas Kronz Yuichi Morishita Lutz Nasdala J. Fiebig I. Franchi J.-P. Girard R.C. Greenwood R. Hinton N. Kita P.R.D. Mason M. Norman M. Ogasawara P.M. Piccoli D. Rhede H. Satoh B. Schulz-Dobrick O. Skår MJ. Spicuzza K. Terada A. Tindle S. Togashi T. Vennemann Q. Xie Y.-F. Zheng 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2004,28(1):9-39
This paper reports the results from a second characterisation of the 91500 zircon, including data from electron probe microanalysis, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser fluorination analyses. The focus of this initiative was to establish the suitability of this large single zircon crystal for calibrating in situ analyses of the rare earth elements and oxygen isotopes, as well as to provide working values for key geochemical systems. In addition to extensive testing of the chemical and structural homogeneity of this sample, the occurrence of banding in 91500 in both backscattered electron and cathodoluminescence images is described in detail. Blind intercomparison data reported by both LA-ICP-MS and SIMS laboratories indicate that only small systematic differences exist between the data sets provided by these two techniques. Furthermore, the use of NIST SRM 610 glass as the calibrant for SIMS analyses was found to introduce little or no systematic error into the results for zircon. Based on both laser fluorination and SIMS data, zircon 91500 seems to be very well suited for calibrating in situ oxygen isotopic analyses. 相似文献
15.
笔石组成与结构的微区分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用显微傅立叶红外光谱（Micro－FT－IR）和装有液体金属离子枪的高分辨飞行时间二次离子质谱仪（TOF－SIMS）首次研究了笔石的化学组成与结构。Micro－FT－IR谱图在1680～1740cm－1和1000～1320cm－1范围内吸收强度高，而1600cm－1处吸收强度低．表明笔石是由含N、O等杂质原子基团的高分子聚合物组成，且该笔石热演化程度不高；TOF－SIMS谱图表明，笔石的二次离子峰主要集中在较低质量数处，在高质量数峰强度低，且M／Z43，105，135等峰强度高，亦证实笔石的上述组成特点。研究结果表明Micro－FT－IR和TOF－SIMS技术是煤及源岩显微组分微区成分分析的有力工具。 相似文献
16.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(3):101367
New samples returned by China Chang’e-5 (CE-5) mission offer an opportunity for studying the lunar geologic longevity, space weathering, and regolith evolution. The age determination of the CE-5 samples was among the first scientific questions to be answered. However, the precious samples, most in the micrometer size range, challenge many traditional analyses on large single crystals of zircon developed for massive bulk samples. Here, we developed a non-destructive rapid screening of individual zirconium-containing particle for isotope geochronology based on a Micro X-ray fluorescence analysis (µXRF). The selected particles were verified via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM), and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) techniques, which showed that zirconium-bearing minerals with several microns were precisely positioned and readily suitable for site-specific isotopic dating by second ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Such protocol could be also applicable in non-destructively screening other types of particles for different scientific purposes. We therefore proposed a correlative workflow for comprehensively studying the CE-5 lunar samples from single particles on nanometer to atomic scales. Linking various microscopic and spectromicroscopic instruments together, this workflow consists of six steps: (1) single-particle selection with non-destructive µXRF technique, (2) 2D/3D morphological and structural characterization with a correlative submicron 3D XRM and nanoscale resolution FIB-SEM imaging methods, (3) SEM analysis of the surface morphology and chemistry of the selected particle, (4) a series of microscopic and microbeam analyses (e.g., SEM, electron probe microanalysis, and SIMS) on the cross-section of the selected particle to obtain structural, mineralogical, chemical, and isotopic features from the micron to nanometer scale, (5) advanced 2D/3D characterization and site-specific sample preparation of thin foil/tip specimens on a microregion of interest in the selected particle with FIB-SEM technique, and (6) comprehensive analyses on the FIB-milled specimens at nanometer to atomic scale with synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, analytic transmission electron microscopy, and atom probe tomography. Following this technical roadmap, one can integrate multiple modalities into a uniform frame of multimodal and multiscale correlated datasets to acquire high-throughput information on the limited or precious terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples. 相似文献
17.
Etienne Deloule 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2006,30(3):175-182
This review of the literature from 2004 and 2005 concerning secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) highlights the contribution the technique has made in the fields of petrology, geochronology, cosmochemistry and material sciences. In petrology, much research was devoted to the measurement of stable isotopes and trace elements by developments in multicollection acquisition, with emphasis on low atomic mass number elements. Elements studied in particular were S (in sulfides), O (in garnets), C (in sedimentary organic matter), Cl (in glasses) and Si. Novel applications of SIMS to geochronology have included the measurement of young zircon grains by the U-Pb and U-Th decay methods. An increasing number of studies have combined U-Pb geochronology with the measurement of trace elements or stable isotopes in zircon. 相似文献
18.
To increase the understanding of uranium transport in the environment and in the presence of steel corrosion products, the interaction of U(VI) with natural magnetite has been studied. Sorption studies have been carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The XPS results clearly indicate the reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) on the surface of magnetite facilitated by electron transfer between the Fe and U, leading to a coupled oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III). 相似文献
19.
贵州中北部燃煤型砷中毒地区煤中砷的赋存状态研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
贵州中北部存在着高砷煤并引起环境和健康问题,对这些地区的煤进行了中子活化分析(INAA)、电子探针(EMPA)、能谱扫描电子显微镜(SEM-EDX)、低温灰化(LTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X光吸收精细结构(XAFS)和连续淋滤实验分析,综合研究了这些煤中砷的赋存状态。结果表明不同煤中砷具有不同的赋存状态。在部分样品中砷主要以无机砷的形式存在,而在其它样品中砷主要以有机砷的形式存在。除了黄铁矿和毒砂外,SEM-EDX结合LTA和XRD发现硫酸盐、粘土也不同程度含有砷。XAFS显示煤中的砷主要以As5+的形式存在。连续淋滤实验表明在样品ZJ-1中超过50%的砷不能被淋滤出来,而在另外两个样品(ZJ-8和RH-5B)中绝大部分的砷被淋滤出来。综合分析表明一些煤中以+5价存在的砷主要与有机质结合。煤中如此高的砷及其主要与有机质结合的现象是很罕见。 相似文献
20.
高精度第四纪年代学是第四纪研究的基础,对了解地球演化和发展非常关键。大型二次离子质谱(SIMS)锆石U-Th-Pb定年方法,集高空间分辨率、高精度、高效率和近无损分析等优势于一体,可以提取矿物微区中记录的丰富地质信息,在第四纪年代学研究中具有很大的应用潜力。文中对SIMS第四纪锆石原位微区年龄测定的基本原理、分析校正方法进行介绍,并报道我们测定台湾第四纪金瓜石英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄的结果((1.166±0.020)Ma)。 相似文献