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1.
内蒙古敖包吐铅锌矿床花岗岩类年代学及其地球化学特征   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
内蒙古敖包吐铅锌矿是大兴安岭南段成矿带上新发现的矿床,成矿与花岗闪长斑岩关系密切。对矿区内花岗闪长斑岩和花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,形成年龄分别为(140.0±0.5)Ma(MSWD=1.3)和(151.6±0.4)Ma(MSWD=1.2),为晚侏罗世—早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学测试结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩具有高硅(w(SiO2)=65.51%~67.85%),富碱(w(Na2O+K2O)=6.86%~7.81%),贫P2O5的特征,A/CNK在0.95~1.02之间,富集微量元素K、Rb、Nd,亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti,为I型花岗岩。花岗岩的A/CNK值为1.58,属强过铝质岩石。Rb/Sr比值大于0.9,为S型花岗岩。敖包吐花岗岩的全岩Pb同位素组成显示,其206Pb/204Pb为18.398~18.755,207Pb/204Pb为15.534~15.541,208Pb/204Pb为38.386~38.542,铅具有混合来源特征。岩浆很可能来源于岩石圈地幔,并受到一定程度的混染。敖包吐花岗岩类可能与兴蒙造山带东段的后碰撞环境有关,并受到与古太平洋板块俯冲有关的弧后伸展影响。  相似文献   

2.
本文对湘南宝山铅锌多金属矿区花岗闪长斑岩及其暗色包体进行了系统的锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究,探讨其岩石成因和构造意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,宝山花岗闪长斑岩成岩年龄为156~158Ma,暗色包体的形成年龄为155.2±1.4Ma,与寄主岩的成岩年龄一致。宝山花岗闪长斑岩为准铝质花岗岩,富集K、Rb、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等元素,Nb/Ta平均比值为11.3,(87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.7095~0.7115,εNdt)值为-7.3~-5.0,t2DM(Nd)值为1.35~1.54Ga,锆石εHft)值为-14.0~-9.0。暗色包体呈细粒结构,具浑圆的外形,与寄主花岗闪长斑岩接触界线清晰,具暗色的冷凝边,常见针状磷灰石。暗色包体具较低的SiO2含量(55.46%~57.30%),较高的K2O含量(5.86%~6.90%),富集Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等元素,Nb/Ta平均比值为15.3,(87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.7062~0.7063,εNdt)值为-2.1~-1.9,锆石εHft)值为-12.1~-4.7。与寄主花岗闪长斑岩相比,暗色包体含有较高的Fe、Mg、V、Cr等相容元素。主微量元素和同位素特征表明,宝山花岗闪长斑岩是由来自经俯冲沉积物熔体交代过的富集岩石圈地幔且富水富钾的底侵基性岩浆与由其引起的下地壳部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆发生混合形成,暗色包体则是来自该底侵基性岩浆与少量长英质岩浆发生混合形成。Sr-Nd同位素模拟表明,宝山花岗闪长质岩浆由大约20%~30%的富集地幔物质和70%~80%的地壳物质组成。892±20Ma继承锆石核的εHft)值为+6.0,tDM(Hf)年龄为1.21Ga,与江南造山带东段新元古代岛弧岩浆的Hf同位素特征一致,推断在花岗闪长斑岩的源岩部分熔融过程中有新元古代岛弧岩浆岩物质的加入,新元古代岛弧岩浆带及扬子与华夏陆块弧陆碰撞带从萍乡向南延伸部分可能与郴州-临武断裂相接。在燕山早期(190~150Ma),受古太平洋板块俯冲作用影响,南岭地区处于岩石圈伸展-减薄的构造环境,由于地幔玄武质岩浆底侵至古老地壳源区,诱发地壳发生部分熔融作用,伴随着壳幔岩浆混合作用,形成了该区众多花岗质岩石。  相似文献   

3.
马坑铁矿是一个大型层控矽卡岩型矿床,大洋、莒舟花岗岩分布于铁矿东西两侧,与铁矿关系密切。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法测得莒舟花岗岩年龄为129.6±0.8Ma,MSWD=2.3,利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年法测得大洋花岗岩年龄为132.6±1.3Ma,MSWD=1.3,它们都形成于早白垩世,与马坑铁矿辉钼矿Re-Os年龄(130~133Ma)一致。大洋-莒舟花岗岩具高硅、富碱、贫钙镁和高分异指数等特点,属弱过铝或准铝质花岗岩;岩石稀土元素含量较高,配分模式呈轻稀土富集并缓向右倾斜,呈明显铕负异常的"V"型展布;微量元素具有Rb、U、Th、La等元素强烈富集而Ba、Sr、P、Ti 等元素相对亏损的特点;大洋岩体的(87Sr/86Sr)值变化于0.70878~0.71349之间;εNd(t)值变化于-7.2~-8.6之间,fSm/Nd=-0.27~0.16,t2DM =1511~1637Ma,(206Pb/204Pb)i=18.588~18.955,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.660~15.682,(208Pb/204Pb)i=38.935~39.168,μ值介于9.54~9.59,ω值介于36. 77~38.13。岩石地球化学和同位素组成特征表明大洋-莒舟花岗岩属于高分异壳源型花岗岩,形成于岩石圈减薄的背景下。花岗岩主要来源于元古代地壳物质,有EMⅡ型富集地幔组分的参与,使花岗岩的地壳留存年龄的降低(1.51~1.63Ga)。  相似文献   

4.
河南嵩县庙岭金矿区地处华北陆块南缘熊耳山-外方山地区,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,庙岭金矿区花岗斑岩的成岩年龄为157Ma左右。岩石地球化学数据显示岩石具有高硅,富钾、铝而贫钠,低铁、镁、钙的特征,SiO2含量为75.06%~77.66%,全碱含量(Na2O+K2O)为7.05%~7.39%;稀土元素总量较低,ΣREE=25.74×10-6~32.63×10-6,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,LREE/HREE=6.74~9.53,Eu具有中等的负异常;微量元素富集Rb、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素和Th、U,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素和Ba、Sr。Pb同位素分析结果显示庙岭金矿区花岗斑岩的Pb主要来自于下地壳;全岩的(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.706207~0.711774,εNd(t)值变化于-19.0~-17.8之间,tDM2=2.39~2.49Ga。岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征显示庙岭金矿区花岗斑岩的源区物质主要来自于古老下地壳,可能为太古宙太华群。  相似文献   

5.
西藏申扎早白垩世花岗岩类:板片断离的证据   总被引:15,自引:10,他引:5  
拉萨地块中北部地区在~113Ma发生的带状岩浆大爆发事件被认为是南向俯冲的班公湖-怒江洋壳岩石圈板片断离的结果,但缺乏更多的地球化学数据。本文报道的拉萨地块中部申扎地区花岗岩类地球化学数据为这一模型提供了可靠的地球化学证据。申扎花岗岩类包括寄主花岗闪长岩(113Ma),辉长质包体和闪长质包体(111Ma)。申扎早白垩世花岗岩中的寄主岩石与镁铁质包体均属于偏铝质中-高钾钙碱性系列,所有样品均富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、U和Th)、亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti和Zr)。花岗闪长质寄主岩和闪长质包体具有高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7121~0.7133),负的εNd(t)值(-10.2~-9.1)及古老的Nd同位素模式年龄(1.90~1.55Ga);辉长质包体具偏低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7067和0.7108),较高的全岩εNd(t)(-2.1和-4.1)值,Nd同位素模式年龄为1.33Ga和1.32Ga。申扎花岗岩类中的辉长质包体具有板内玄武岩亲缘性,这一特征与班公湖-怒江洋壳岩石圈南向俯冲板片在~113Ma左右发生的板片断离有关。申扎花岗岩类是在板片断离背景下,主要由来源于古老拉萨基底物质重熔的熔体与上涌的软流圈地幔物质发生岩浆混合产生的。  相似文献   

6.
西秦岭夏河花岗岩的地球化学、年代学及地质意义   总被引:13,自引:8,他引:5  
韦萍  莫宣学  喻学惠  黄雄飞  丁一  李小伟 《岩石学报》2013,29(11):3981-3992
甘肃西秦岭夏河花岗岩主要由二长花岗岩及花岗闪长岩组成,岩体内发育较多暗色微粒包体。全岩地球化学分析结果表明,二长花岗岩SiO2和全碱含量(分别为66.07%~69.18%、7.18%~7.69%)高于花岗闪长岩的平均值(分别为60.18%~66.22%、4.73%~6.72%),而 Al2O3 和CaO含量(分别为15.21%~16.37%、2.23%~3.04%)则低于花岗闪长岩的平均值(分别为16.60%~17.39%、3.54%~5.86%),两类岩石的K2O/Na2O比值均大于1,Mg#偏高(平均为55),铝饱和指数A/CNK介于1.0~1.1,属于弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩类。夏河花岗岩类富集轻稀土而亏损重稀土,(La/Yb)N比值介于8.97~33.48,无或弱负Eu异常,以富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K并相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Zr为特征。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果确定夏河岩体的侵位年龄为244~248Ma,属印支早期。夏河花岗岩类具有较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.70714~0.70743)、较低的εNd(t)(-6.21~-8.36)和高放射性成因Pb(206Pb/204Pb=17.850~18.003,207Pb/204Pb=15.489~15.510,208Pb/204Pb=37.815~37.931)同位素组成,表明该花岗岩主要来自中元古代下地壳变基性岩的部分熔融,且幔源岩浆的参与可能对该岩体的形成具有重要作用。综合该区已有研究成果,本文提出夏河岩体形成于大陆边缘弧构造环境,推测西秦岭地区阿尼玛卿-勉略洋盆的闭合时间晚于244Ma。  相似文献   

7.
蔡杨  陆建军  马东升  黄卉  张怀峰 《岩石学报》2013,29(12):4215-4231
邓阜仙花岗岩体位于湖南省东部,是印支期-燕山期多期次多阶段侵入的复式岩体。本文对邓阜仙岩体中部的两件二云母花岗岩样品进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,得到的锆石U-Pb年龄为222.9±1.6Ma和224.3±2.4Ma,首次证实了邓阜仙岩体存在有印支晚期二云母花岗岩。印支晚期二云母花岗岩具有高硅、高碱、强过铝质的特征,富集Cs、Rb、U、Pb而亏损Ba、Sr、Ti等元素,与华南己发现的其他印支期强过铝质花岗岩类似。花岗岩较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.721463~0.728115)、较低的εNdt)值(-11.68~-11.33)以及1.92~1.95Ga的Nd模式年龄说明其主要起源于区内古元古代地壳的部分熔融。邓阜仙印支晚期二云母花岗岩与华南印支期强过铝质花岗岩的成岩时间一致,根据区域地质特征及花岗岩地球化学特征,认为其形成于后造山伸展的构造环境。邓阜仙钨矿与区内燕山期花岗岩有密切的成因联系。印支晚期二云母花岗岩具有较高的钨含量,属于富钨岩体,可能为燕山期的钨成矿作用提供了物质基础。  相似文献   

8.
从滹沱群底部四集庄组不同的分布区选择了1件正长花岗斑岩、1件似斑状二长花岗岩砾石及1件侵入于蒋村四集庄组的正长花岗斑岩,进行了锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素分析。获得正长花岗斑岩和似斑状二长花岗岩砾石的锆石207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为2 507±14 Ma和2 519±35 Ma,推断花岗岩砾石的物源可能为五台新太古代晚期峨口花岗岩和兰芝山花岗岩;侵入于四集庄组的正长花岗斑岩锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄为2 157±15 Ma。结合四集庄组、五台地区高凡群火山岩年龄结果和华北克拉通2.2~2.0 Ga地质事件的性质,认为滹沱群底界可能为2.2~2.18 Ga,顶界时代约为2.0 Ga,其沉积对应一期强烈的陆内裂谷伸展过程。新太古代花岗岩砾石和古元古代花岗岩锆石Hf同位素结果指示,五台地区新太古代早期出现明显的地壳生长,新太古代晚期也存在地壳增长。  相似文献   

9.
粤西高枨铅锌银矿区黑云母花岗岩的年代学及岩石成因   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
粤西高枨大型铅锌银矿赋存在黑云母花岗岩中,本文采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得黑云母花岗岩的结晶年龄为429±13Ma,为早志留世,属于加里东期岩浆活动的产物。详细的地球化学分析显示岩石的SiO2含量为(64.33%~74.54%,平均为68.67%),Al2O3含量偏高(13.88%~16.61%),碱质含量高(K2O+Na2O=5.31%~7.89%),低P2O5(<0.25%)含量,强过铝质(A/CNK=1.07~1.32)。岩石富集LREE和Rb、K、U、Pb,贫Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti元素,铕呈负异常(Eu/Eu*=0.38~0.90)。以上特征表明该岩体属于钙碱性强过铝质花岗岩。经年龄校正后的206Pb/204Pb,207Pb/204Pb 和208Pb/204Pb值分别为17.458~18.131、15.563~15.638和37.547~38.406。Sr初始值变化范围较大((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7091~0.7259),但εNd(429Ma) 值相对较低 (-8.9~-6.1),暗示岩体来源于元古代(t2DM=1.67~1.83Ga)的地壳组分,其源岩主要为含少量泥质的砂岩质组成。结合区域地质背景的综合分析,认为高枨黑云母花岗岩与华夏板块与扬子板块发生板内碰撞-拼合事件有关,由元古代地壳物质重熔形成的形成的S型花岗岩。  相似文献   

10.
江西大湖塘富钨花岗斑岩年代学、地球化学特征及成因研究   总被引:28,自引:14,他引:14  
黄兰椿  蒋少涌 《岩石学报》2013,29(12):4323-4335
在江西大湖塘地区发现具有高钨含量的花岗斑岩体,钨含量是普通花岗岩的几十甚至上百倍。本文对该富钨花岗斑岩进行了详细的锆石U-Pb年代学、主量元素、微量元素以及Nd-Hf同位素研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法测得大湖塘花岗斑岩成岩年龄为134.6±1.2Ma。岩相学和岩石地球化学研究表明这种花岗斑岩属于高分异的S型花岗岩,具有高硅,富碱,过铝质,较高的Ga/Al值,锆饱和温度低,轻重稀土分馏明显,Eu负异常明显的特点。大湖塘富钨花岗斑岩的εNdt)值和锆石εHft)值分别变化于-7.45~-8.20,-2.43~-8.23之间,两阶段Nd 和Hf模式年龄分别为tDMC(Nd)=1534~1595Ma,tDMC(Hf)=1312~1677Ma。结合其CaO/Na2O值都小于0.3,本文认为它的源区很可能来源于双桥山群的泥质变质沉积岩。这种富钨花岗斑岩有富Li、Rb,贫Ba、Zr,ΣREE含量低,GCI值大于零的特征。Ba/Rb<0.6,Rb/Zr>6可作为富钨花岗岩的判别标志而与贫钨的花岗岩区分开来。富钨的双桥山群泥质变质岩部分熔融可初步形成富钨的花岗岩浆,岩浆在高度结晶分异过程中则可使得钨进一步富集在花岗斑岩岩浆热液中并进一步形成了超大型的大湖塘钨矿床。  相似文献   

11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.  相似文献   

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14.
Humboldt, Arago, and the temperature of groundwater   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
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15.
Mercury contamination in aquatic environments is of worldwide concern because of its high biomagnification factor in food chains and long-range transport. The rivers, estuary and the bay along the northwestern Bohai Sea coast, northeastern China have been heavily contaminated by Hg due to long-term Zn smelting and chlor-alkali production. This work investigated the distributions of total Hg (THg) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) in the water, sediment and hydrophytes from this area. Concentrations of THg in sediment (0.5–64 mg kg−1) and water (39–2700 ng L−1) were elevated by 1–3 orders of magnitude compared to background concentrations, which induced high concentrations of MMHg in these media. The highest concentration of MMHg in sediment reached 35 μg kg−1, which was comparable to that in the Hg mining area, Wanshan, China, and the highest MMHg concentration of 3.0 ng L−1 in the water sample exceeded the MMHg Chinese drinking water guideline of 1.0 ng L−1. Concentrations of THg in a sediment profile from Jinzhou Bay were found to be consistent with annual Hg emission flux from a local Zn smelter (r = 0.74, p < 0.01), indicating that Hg contamination was mainly caused by Zn smelting locally. For some freshwater hydrophytes, concentrations of THg and MMHg ranged from 5.2 to 100 μg kg−1 and 0.15 to 12 μg kg−1, respectively. Compared to sediment, concentrations of THg in hydrophytes were 2–3 orders of magnitude lower but MMHg was comparable or higher, indicating that the bioaccumulation in plants was distinct for the two Hg species studied. The data suggest that a significant load of Hg has been released into the northwestern coastal region of the Bohai Sea.  相似文献   

16.
Average concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and other metals, as well as S and As, were calculated for the Aue granitic cupola, the contact aureole of which hosts the large vein-type uranium deposit of Schlema-Alberoda and the Schneeberg uranium-base metal deposit (Erzgebirge, Germany). The cupola was exposed by mine workings and boreholes, which provided an opportunity to evaluate variations in the abundances of metals in the granites over a vertical interval of more than 2.5 km and estimate their losses in the upper oxidized part of the investigated volume of the cupola (coefficient of iron oxidation, KO Fe, increases in the granites from bottom to top from 7 to 70%) compared with the lower unaltered and unoxidized part (with a KO Fe plateau at about 5%). The average concentrations of metals in the upper part of the cupola are lower than those in the lower part by a factor of 2.5 for Pb, 1.56 for Zn, 1.45 for Cu, 1.3 for Co, etc. A similar decrease in the abundances of ore elements along the vertical section associating with the relative epigenetic alteration and oxidation of the granite was previously described by us for U and Th and for the components of high-temperature ores, W, Sn, and Mo. The removal of ore elements from the granite was accompanied by a decrease in the bulk contents of sulfur and arsenic by a factor of 1.35 and 1.65, respectively. The leaching of trace metals from the granites of the upper part of the Aue cupola was followed by their partial redeposition above the cupola in the ore veins of the Schlema and Schneeberg deposits. Original Russian Text ? Vikt. L. Barsukov, N.T. Sokolova, O.M. Ivanitskii, 2006, published in Geokhimiya, 2006, No. 9, pp. 967–982.  相似文献   

17.
The behavior of trace elements under conditions of partial melting of granitoid rocks has been studied. The element’s partition coefficients between minerals and the melt Dimin/melt depends, in the first place, on the composition of the primary melt. In biotite the HREE Di are a little below 1, while those of LREE, especially Di for Ce, are 1–3 orders of magnitude less. This leads to an efficient differentiation of REEs in anatexic melts especially when biotite is the main mineral phase of restite. On the contrary, there are feldspars, the Di of which cannot provide such a magnitude of differentiation. Unlike garnets and pyroxenes, whose stability in restite permits enrichment of anatexic melts produced in migmatization zones with Nb, Ti, and Cr, the presence of biotite in restite causes depletion of melts with those elements as well as with Rb. Feldspars, under conditions of their fractional crystallization or during differentiation of an anatexic melt, deplete the latter with Sr, Ba, and Rb, but enrich it with Nb, Ti, Cr, Y, Zr, and V.  相似文献   

18.
Text, talk, things, and the subpolitics of performing place   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This article tells the story of how a group of Dutch and Belgian citizens organized themselves to promote an area that they valued, to put it on the map, to raise awareness about its qualities, and to protect it from urban and industrial development. Our theoretical perspective focuses on the performative and political aspects of this place-making process and the discursive and material practices involved. We connect this to Beck’s concept of subpolitics.Our findings show how the group performed this place not only through text and talk - giving the area a name, using their knowledge and expertise to raise awareness about its values, lobbying and cooperating with decision-makers -, but also through things - installing art objects and information signs that articulate certain characteristics and values of the area. Our findings demonstrate the struggles involved in these performances. The group involved multiple perspectives on what the important values and characteristics of the area are and on what strategies would work best in trying to influence decision-making and protect the area. However, the use of expertise as the main strategy to gain influence excluded the more critical and activist strategies and privileging archaeological and historical values and characteristics came at the expense of attention on agricultural and natural values.Our findings make clear that performing place cannot be taken to be homogeneous and that it inevitably involves multiple perspectives and demands. The struggles, power relations and dynamics of inclusion and exclusion that this multiplicity implicates reveal a form of sub-politics that involves both politicization and depoliticization. Also, it is a form of subpolitics that is more diverse and ambiguous than Beck’s conceptualization presupposes by its emphasis on the role of outsiders as a homogeneous group.  相似文献   

19.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

20.
The dielectric constants and dielectric loss values of 4 Ca-containing minerals were determined at 1 MHz using a two-terminal method and empirically determined edge corrections. The results are: vesuvianitel κ′ a=9.93 tan δ=0.006 κ′ c=9.79 tan δ=0.005 vesuvianitel κ′ a=10.02 tan δ=0.002 κ′ c=9.85 tan δ=0.003 zoisite1 κ′ a =10.49 tan δ=0.0006 κ′ b =15.31 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c=9.51 tan δ=0.0008 zoisite2 κ′ a =10.55 tan δ=0.0011 κ′ b =15.45 tan δ=0.0013 κ′ c=9.39 tan δ=0.0008 epidote κ′ 11= 9.52 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ 22=17.1 tan δ=0.0009 κ′ 33= 9.37 tan δ=0.0006 fluorapatite1 κ′ a =10.48 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c = 8.72 tan δ=0.0114 fluorapatite2 κ′ a =10.40 tan δ=0.0010 κ′ c=8.26 tan δ=0.0178 The deviation (δ) between measured dielectric polarizabilities as determined from the Clausius-Mosotti equation and those calculated from the sum of oxide polarizabilities according to α D (mineral)=∑ α D (oxides) for vesuvianite is ~ 0.5%. The large deviations of epidote and zoisite from the additivity rule with Δ=+ 10.1 and + 11.7%, respectively, are attributed to “rattling” Ca ions. The combined effects of both a large F thermal parameter and possible F-ion conductivity in fluorapatite are believed to be responsible for Δ=+2–3%. Although variation of oxygen polarizability with oxygen molar volume (Vo) is believed to affect the total polarizabilities, the variation of Vo in these Ca minerals is too small to observe the effect.  相似文献   

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