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1.
Apatite fission-track (AFT) thermochronological modeling as a diagnostic tool for periods of stability (peneplanation) and tectonic activity (orogeny) has been broadly used in tectonic studies of Central Asia in recent years. We discuss more than 100 AFT ages of samples from the Kyrgyz Tien Shan and Altai and compare them with AFT data from northern Kazakhstan. Geological, geomorphological, and AFT data indicate intense activity in the Late Cenozoic Eurasian continental interior. The impact from the India-Eurasia collision on the northern Tien Shan, Altai, and northern Kazakhstan regions showed up at 11, 5, and 3 Ma, respectively, as a result of stress propagation into the continent, with the ensuing reactivation and mountain growth. We hypothesize that a distant effect of the Late Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision was to rejuvenate Paleozoic fault zones and to deform the Mesozoic sedimentary cover north of the collision front as far as the West Siberian Plate. The reactivation facilitated formation of tectonic oil and gas traps. The activity in northern Central Asia under the effect of the Indian indentation into Eurasia appears to continue and may evolve to include uplift of southern West Siberian plate with uplift. 相似文献
2.
龙门山断裂带走滑方向的反转及其沉积与地貌标志 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据龙门山前陆盆地西缘沉降中心、冲积扇侧向迁移、活动构造地貌和古地磁等标志及龙门山在中生代以来的走滑作用和走滑方向的标定研究,结果表明:龙门山断裂带具有走滑性质,走滑方向曾发生过反转,在反转之前以左行走滑作用为特征,在反转之后以右行走滑作用为特征。根据地层记录和古地磁证据,认为龙门山走滑方向反转的时间应介于43 M a~3.6 M a之间,即由中生代至早新生代时期的左行走滑作用反转为晚新生代时期的右行走滑作用。然对龙门山断裂带走滑方向反转的成因初步分析认为晚新生代龙门山右行走滑作用是印-亚碰撞后构造作用的产物,晚三叠世至早新生代左行走滑作用是青藏高原自晚三叠世以来大陆碰撞作用导致松潘-甘孜褶皱带北东-南西向缩短的产物。 相似文献
3.
郯庐断裂系研究的新进展——兼论东亚北东向走滑断裂系统 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对郯庐断裂系研究的最新进展作了介绍。郯庐断裂是多期活动，性质多次转换的巨型断裂，最初的启动时间在晚三叠世末，与南北大陆的碰撞有着直接的关系，早期以走滑（左行）运动为主，伴随挤压和拉伸，范围限于华北地块内部，断裂纵向伸展的高峰期为白垩纪到早始新世，这一时期也是裂陷作用最强的时期，始新世以来以挤压作用为主，东亚走滑断裂系各组成断裂性质复杂，不能以中生代左行平移运动简单概括，走滑断裂系的发展和演化与同时 相似文献
4.
新生代期间中国西部发生了多次强烈的构造运动, 经历了复杂的构造-地貌演化历史.地质构造背景和地球动力学过程则控制了中国西部大陆新生代期间的构造-地貌演化.盆-山系统是中国西部新生代构造的基本格局, 盆-岭体系是中国西部新生代的主要地貌单元.根据盆地的几何学、动力学与构造演化特征, 中国西部新生代盆地可以划分为压陷盆地、断陷盆地、走滑拉分盆地以及残留海-前陆盆地4类.这些新生代封闭盆地均被造山带所围限, 而盆地与山脉之间由挤压型活动断裂(逆冲断层和走滑断层)所分割.新生代以来印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞以及其后印度板块的向北俯冲挤压, 对中国西部新生代沉积盆地的发育和演化产生了重大影响.中国西部新生代盆地构造岩相古地理演化与板块运动和构造隆升之间存在明显的耦合. 相似文献
5.
《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2007,29(2-3):188-204
During the Mesozoic, the active southern margin of Eurasia was the site of several accretion and collision events that fit into a framework of convergence between Eurasia and advancing (peri-) Gondwanan units. Far-field effects of the Mesozoic Mongol–Okhotsk and Cimmerian orogenies have been recorded deep within the interior of Eurasia. Convergence finally culminated in the massive India–Eurasia continent–continent collision in the Early Cenozoic. This collision, continued convergence between both continents, and resulting ongoing indentation of India into Eurasia have dominated the geological, tectonic and geodynamic evolution of Eurasia. Amongst others, distant effects of these events have reactivated an array of mobile belts in Central Asia. Apatite fission-track dating and thermal history modeling performed on samples from the Kyrgyz Tien Shan and Siberian Altai Mountains record both Mesozoic deformation and Cenozoic reactivation of intracontinental Eurasia. The onset of the building and growth of the modern Tien Shan and Altai orogens is constrained to the Late Miocene and Pliocene, with a likely trend of activity younger towards the north. This would underscore the general model that deformation related to India–Eurasia convergence was progressively propagated northwards through Central Asia via the inherited structural fabric of the Eurasian crust. 相似文献
6.
西秦岭断裂走滑与盆地的耦合——西秦岭—松甘块体新生代向东走滑挤出的证据 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
新生代西秦岭—松甘块体向东挤出是印度—欧亚大陆碰撞后青藏东北部一种主要应变响应形式 ,它构成青藏高原东部走滑调节带的北支 ,并与南部印支挤出构造一起共同调节和吸收大陆碰撞后青藏东部的变形。西秦岭岷县—宕昌断裂的走滑与新生代盆地在时空上的耦合 ,明显展示出西秦岭—松甘块体向东走滑挤出历程并提供了走滑作用的定量标尺。古近纪岷县—宕昌断裂的走滑位移量为 36km ,而新近纪则为 76km ,相应的平均走滑速率分别为 0 .0 86mm/a和 0 .37mm/a ,表明新生代西秦岭—松甘块体向东挤出的幅度至少为 112km。西秦岭新生代幔源岩浆活动是在块体挤出背景下 ,块体旋转停止、断裂面弯曲和走滑加速等诸事件耦合的结果 ,同时也是断裂走滑的物质和时间记录器 ,表明岷县—宕昌断裂新生代的走滑波及到了岩石圈底部 ,记录了青藏东北部变形响应的动力学机制从以块体旋转为主向快速走滑为转变的时间 ,即西秦岭—松甘块体向东快速挤出的可能时间为 2 1.1～ 2 5 .4Ma。 相似文献
7.
对郯庐断裂系研究的最新进展作了介绍。郯庐断裂是多期活动、性质多次转换的巨型断裂。最初的启动时间在晚三叠世末，与南北大陆的碰撞有着直接的关系。早期以走滑（左行）运动为主，伴随挤压和拉伸，范围限于华北地块内部。断裂纵向伸展的高峰期为白垩纪到早始新世，这一时期也是裂陷作用最强的时期。始新世以来以挤压作用为主。东亚走滑断裂系各组成断裂性质复杂，不能以中生代左行平移运动简单概括。走滑断裂系的发展和演化与同时期大陆边缘所处的地球动力学环境，也就是与南北大陆的碰撞和古大洋板块的持续俯冲关系密切。新生代以来的构造事件使中生代的构造发生强烈变形变位改造。 相似文献
8.
柴达木盆地东北部新近纪构造旋转及其意义 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
青藏高原东北缘构造变形的研究是认识高原隆起过程、机制和印度—欧亚板块碰撞远程效应的重要途径。柴达木盆地是印度－欧亚板块碰撞后南北向挤压应力为动力背景的高原东北部内陆盆地,沉积物主要来自于周边山地,完整的保存了新生代以来高原隆升的详细记录。通过柴达木盆地东北部瑙格剖面精细古地磁及构造旋转研究发现,20.1～15.1Ma以及15.1～8.2Ma柴达木盆地分别发生了9.7°±7.4°和6.4°±4.4°的顺时针旋转,约8.2Ma后,柴达木盆地东北部瑙格地区发生了16°±7.5°的逆时针快速旋转。通过分析认为,前两次的顺时针构造旋转事件可能与阿尔金断裂的左旋走滑有关。而约82Ma以来的逆时针旋转事件属于柴达木盆地东北部瑙格地区的局部旋转,可能与温泉断裂的右旋走滑有关,说明青藏高原东北部在昆仑山、阿尔金山和祁连山三条巨型断裂系左旋相对运动的宏观控制下形成的NNW向温泉右旋走滑断裂开始走滑的年代为约8Ma。 相似文献
9.
Wang Xiaofeng Yin An Peter Rumelhart Eric Cowgill Chen Xuanhua Chen Zhengle T.Mark Harrison Zhang Yueqiao Zhang Qing Zhou Xianqiang WT ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)
THE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF ALTYN TAGH FAULT SYSTEM AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE GROWTH OF TIBETAN PLATEAUtheNational(G19980 4 0 80 0 )andthefundofOpeningLaboratoriesofGeomechanics 相似文献
10.
青藏高原东北缘构造变形研究是认识整个青藏高原隆升过程、机制以及印欧板块碰撞远程效应的重要途径。受控于昆仑山断裂、阿尔金断裂、祁连山断裂的柴达木盆地,新生代地层发育,较完整地记录了高原东北缘的构造变形信息。尤其柴达木盆地西部地区,构造变形强烈,晚新生代地层出露完整,是研究其晚新生代构造变形历史及驱动机制的理想地区。文中应用平衡剖面和古地磁构造旋转方法,结合最新的磁性地层年代,定量恢复该地区的构造变形历史。结果表明,在挤压应力的控制下该地区自22 Ma以来,构造变形主要表现为地层缩短与构造旋转,且其强度呈阶段性增长,具体又可划分为3个阶段：22~9.1 Ma构造活动平静期、9.1~2.65 Ma构造变形相对加强期、2.65 Ma以来构造变形顶峰期。研究表明,造成柴西地区地层持续缩短和顺时针旋转的关键推动力是印欧板块晚新生代的持续向北推挤、昆仑山-祁曼塔格山向柴达木盆地强烈挤压推覆以及阿尔金左旋走滑断裂大规模的复活。 相似文献
11.
郯庐断裂带东侧华南地块部分逆时针转动——古地磁新证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对郯庐断裂带东西两侧的莱阳、六安、庐枞和怀宁等中新生代盆地内的中三叠世至早白垩世沉积构造变形进行了古地磁研究。采样区大多数特征磁化方向通过了褶皱检验或反极性检验,从上述地区共获得了10个可靠的中三叠世-早白垩世的古地磁极。该结果与华南地块的视极移曲线对比,可以看出,从中侏罗世以来,郯庐断裂带东西两侧不存在大规模地水平相对位移。但是,断裂带东边的华南地块部分存在15°-25°的逆时针转动。这种转动主要应发生在晚侏罗世,主要与华南、华北地块的碰撞以及太平洋板块的挤压有关。 相似文献
12.
阿尔金断裂带是青藏高原自印度与欧亚大陆碰撞后向北扩展的前缘断裂,其新生代活动性对于研究青藏高原隆升与扩展过程和机制具有重要意义。近些年,运用热年代学、断裂几何学和运动学、沉积学、磁性地层学和地震学等方法对阿尔金断裂带的性质、组成结构、断裂活动时代、走滑断裂运动特征、走滑位移量和走滑速率等进行了细致的研究,而对阿尔金断裂带沿线受其控制的新生代沉积盆地的地层年代、沉积演化特征虽然也有一定研究,但往往仅限于单个盆地,缺乏对沿线盆地整体的对比认识,造成对阿尔金断裂带走滑起始时间及阿尔金山的隆升历史存在不同的认识。本文对近二十年来阿尔金断裂带沿线新生代沉积盆地的磁性地层年代与沉积相演化的研究进展进行综述,建立阿尔金断裂带沿线盆地新生代沉积序列和年代框架;辅助热年代学等资料,提出阿尔金断裂带的三阶段演化模型:始新世-中中新世,阿尔金断裂带以大幅度的走滑运动为主,同时伴随着阿尔金山小范围的隆升;中中新世开始,阿尔金山开始大规模的隆升,伴随着较少量的走滑运动;晚中新世以来,阿尔金断裂带构造活动加强。 相似文献
13.
The Main Recent Fault of the Zagros Orogen is an active major dextral strike-slip fault along the Zagros collision zone, generated by oblique continent–continent collision of the Arabian plate with Iranian micro-continent. Two different fault styles are observed along the Piranshahr fault segment of the Main Recent Fault in NW Iran. The first style is a SW-dipping oblique reverse fault with dextral strike-slip displacement and the second style consists of cross-cutting NE-dipping, oblique normal fault dipping to the NE with the same dextral strike-slip displacement. A fault propagation anticline is generated SW of the oblique reverse fault. An active pull-apart basin has been produced to the NE of the Piranshahr oblique normal fault and is associated with other sub-parallel NE-dipping normal faults cutting the reverse oblique fault. Another cross-cutting set of NE–SW trending normal faults are also exist in the pull-apart area. We conclude that the NE verging major dextral oblique reverse fault initiated as a SW verging thrust system due to dextral transpression tectonic of the Zagros collision zone and later it has been overprinted by the NE-dipping oblique normal fault producing dextral strike-slip displacement reflecting progressive change of transpression into transtension in the collision zone. The active Piranshahr pull-apart basin has been generated due to a releasing damage zone along the NW segment of the Main Recent Fault in this area at an overlap of Piranshahr oblique normal fault segment of the Main Recent Fault and the Serow fault, the continuation of the Main Recent Fault to the N. 相似文献
14.
Zheng Jiandong 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1994,(1)
ＧｅｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆＡｔｉｏｎＴａｇｈＦａｕｌｔ￥ＺｈｅｎｇＪｉａｎｄｏｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｌｏｇｙ，ＳｔａｔｅＳｅｉｅｗｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕｒｅａｕ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１０００２９）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｅＡｌｔｕｎＴａｇｈｆａｕｌｔ... 相似文献
15.
阿尔金断裂新生代大规模走滑起始时间的厘定 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
至今仍在活动的阿尔金左旋走滑断裂构成了青藏高原地质意义上的北界,是世界上规模最大、也是最重要的巨型断裂之一,其新生代的快速走滑是吸收印藏碰撞变形的重要途径.对其新生代大规模走滑的起始时间目前尚无一个统一认识,主要受其本身复杂性的限制,也很难找到一个确切的直接证据来限定其走滑时间.本文从阿尔金断裂走滑作用相关的一系列地质现象入手,从多个角度综合阐述这一科学问题,包括柴达木盆地西缘的物源变化、塔里木盆地东南缘走滑挤压挠曲盆地的形成、青藏高原北缘上地壳强烈的NE-SW向缩短变形、走滑相关盆地的形成以及与走滑断裂相伴生的线性隆起形成等等.结果表明与阿尔金断裂左旋走滑相关的地质现象大量出现在中中新世以后,约束得出阿尔金断裂新生代大规模的走滑始于约15±2Ma.此外还分析了本文结果所得出的阿尔金断裂新生代长期滑移速率与实测第四纪滑移速率相互矛盾的原因,并讨论了阿尔金断裂左旋走滑与阿尔金山的隆升以及青藏高原东北缘在中中新世的构造应力转换之间的关系. 相似文献
16.
L.F. Sarmiento-Rojas J.D. Van Wess S. Cloetingh 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2006,21(4):383
Backstripping analysis and forward modeling of 162 stratigraphic columns and wells of the Eastern Cordillera (EC), Llanos, and Magdalena Valley shows the Mesozoic Colombian Basin is marked by five lithosphere stretching pulses. Three stretching events are suggested during the Triassic–Jurassic, but additional biostratigraphical data are needed to identify them precisely. The spatial distribution of lithosphere stretching values suggests that small, narrow (<150 km), asymmetric graben basins were located on opposite sides of the paleo-Magdalena–La Salina fault system, which probably was active as a master transtensional or strike-slip fault system. Paleomagnetic data suggesting a significant (at least 10°) northward translation of terranes west of the Bucaramanga fault during the Early Jurassic, and the similarity between the early Mesozoic stratigraphy and tectonic setting of the Payandé terrane with the Late Permian transtensional rift of the Eastern Cordillera of Peru and Bolivia indicate that the areas were adjacent in early Mesozoic times. New geochronological, petrological, stratigraphic, and structural research is necessary to test this hypothesis, including additional paleomagnetic investigations to determine the paleolatitudinal position of the Central Cordillera and adjacent tectonic terranes during the Triassic–Jurassic. Two stretching events are suggested for the Cretaceous: Berriasian–Hauterivian (144–127 Ma) and Aptian–Albian (121–102 Ma). During the Early Cretaceous, marine facies accumulated on an extensional basin system. Shallow-marine sedimentation ended at the end of the Cretaceous due to the accretion of oceanic terranes of the Western Cordillera. In Berriasian–Hauterivian subsidence curves, isopach maps and paleomagnetic data imply a (>180 km) wide, asymmetrical, transtensional half-rift basin existed, divided by the Santander Floresta horst or high. The location of small mafic intrusions coincides with areas of thin crust (crustal stretching factors >1.4) and maximum stretching of the subcrustal lithosphere. During the Aptian–early Albian, the basin extended toward the south in the Upper Magdalena Valley. Differences between crustal and subcrustal stretching values suggest some lowermost crustal decoupling between the crust and subcrustal lithosphere or that increased thermal thinning affected the mantle lithosphere. Late Cretaceous subsidence was mainly driven by lithospheric cooling, water loading, and horizontal compressional stresses generated by collision of oceanic terranes in western Colombia. Triassic transtensional basins were narrow and increased in width during the Triassic and Jurassic. Cretaceous transtensional basins were wider than Triassic–Jurassic basins. During the Mesozoic, the strike-slip component gradually decreased at the expense of the increase of the extensional component, as suggested by paleomagnetic data and lithosphere stretching values. During the Berriasian–Hauterivian, the eastern side of the extensional basin may have developed by reactivation of an older Paleozoic rift system associated with the Guaicáramo fault system. The western side probably developed through reactivation of an earlier normal fault system developed during Triassic–Jurassic transtension. Alternatively, the eastern and western margins of the graben may have developed along older strike-slip faults, which were the boundaries of the accretion of terranes west of the Guaicáramo fault during the Late Triassic and Jurassic. The increasing width of the graben system likely was the result of progressive tensional reactivation of preexisting upper crustal weakness zones. Lateral changes in Mesozoic sediment thickness suggest the reverse or thrust faults that now define the eastern and western borders of the EC were originally normal faults with a strike-slip component that inverted during the Cenozoic Andean orogeny. Thus, the Guaicáramo, La Salina, Bitúima, Magdalena, and Boyacá originally were transtensional faults. Their oblique orientation relative to the Mesozoic magmatic arc of the Central Cordillera may be the result of oblique slip extension during the Cretaceous or inherited from the pre-Mesozoic structural grains. However, not all Mesozoic transtensional faults were inverted. 相似文献
17.
花海盆地—北山构造带南部位于青藏高原东北缘以北地区,是特提斯洋和古亚洲洋两大构造域的交接部位,自新元古代晚期以来经历了多期次、多阶段的板块裂解-俯冲-碰撞-拼合的演化历史,尤其是中生代以来的逆冲推覆和走滑作用,以及受新生代以来印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的远程效应影响,导致青藏高原东北缘的向北扩展,形成了现今复杂的地质地貌结构。其地壳结构记录了多期构造作用的叠加,上地壳结构更是促进我们理解青藏高原东北缘向外的扩展机制及其对周缘块体的改造作用的天然记录本。本文利用2018年中国地质科学院在北山构造带南部完成的180 km深反射地震剖面的初至波(Pg震相)数据,通过层析成像反演方法,获得了花海盆地—北山构造带4 km深度范围内的上地壳P波速度结构。其主要特征为:花海盆地、总口子盆地和扎格高脑盆地均表现为较低的速度和较小的垂向速度梯度;研究区内的晚古生代花岗岩体具有明显的高速异常和较大的垂向速度梯度特征;左行走滑的阿尔金断裂带在花海盆地内表现为向北倾的高角度走滑性质,深度至少切穿花海盆地基底;北山南缘断裂带的推测隐伏区呈现速度等值线下凹的低速异常特征。同时,反演揭示的多处低速异常区指示了北山构造带南部的多处断层发育情况。 相似文献
18.
V. P. Utkin 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,467(1):249-254
The main unusual feature of tectogenesis of the Asian–Pacific transition zone in the Mesozoic–Cenozoic consists in the formation of left-lateral strike-slip faults, which form the East Asian global shear zone with paragenesis of its constituent variously oriented fault systems. Paragenetic analysis has revealed that continental blocks of the Asian–Pacific transition zone were displaced along systems of transit left-lateral strike-slip faults of the East Asian global shear zone by hundreds of kilometers in the southerly to southwesterly direction due to tectonic activity of the Asian continent, which drifted southwestward. This process was accompanied by the formation of compression and extension structures. Otherwise, it is difficult to explain the structuring of the overhanging margin of the continent by subduction of oceanic lithospheric plates in the northerly to northwesterly direction opposite relative to the displacement of the continental crust as is usually thought. 相似文献
19.
阿尔金山北段阿克塞—当金山口一带的裂变径迹测年证据表明,该地区于9～7 Ma以来发生过快速抬升和剥蚀,并且一直持续形成了现今所见的阿尔金山。新生代以来至少经历了三次抬升:早期43.6～24.3Ma、中期19.6～13.6 Ma、晚期9～7 Ma。抬升速率先缓慢、后相对快速,9～7 Ma以来的抬升速率为0.94 mm/a。晚期的构造拾升可能与阿尔金断裂带左行走滑活动有关,而与相邻的柴达木盆地北缘地区的构造抬升并不一致。 相似文献
20.
Active faults and magnitudes of left-lateral displacement along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
Guoyu Ding Jie Chen Qinjian Tian Xuhui Shen Chengqi Xing Kaibo Wei 《Tectonophysics》2004,380(3-4):243-260
The northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (NMTP) is a major intracontinental Cenozoic transpressional zone that comprises a series of active strike-slip faults and thrust faults. It is important to document cumulative horizontal displacements along the NMTP in order to understand quantitatively strain partitioning in East Asia since the India–Eurasia collision. Based on an analysis of horizontal slip along major active faults, the total amount of horizontal displacements is estimated up to 700 km between the Tibetan Plateau and the Tarim Basin since the convergence of India and Eurasia. Along the western and middle segment of the Altyn Tagh fault to the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, there are abundant evidence that show that the net displacement is 400 km since 40–35 Ma, and along the Shulenan Shan and southeast of middle Qilian Shan since 25–17 Ma, the amount of offset is 150 km. The largest horizontal slip in Qilian Shan–Hexi Corridor to the northeast of the Altyn Tagh fault is also 150 km since late Oligocene to early Miocene. It decreases to only 60 km along the Haiyuan fault (since late Miocene) and to 25 km along the Zhongwei–Tongxin fault since the Pliocene (about 5.3–3.4 Ma), at the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau. This clearly implies northeastward diminishing of the total horizontal displacement and temporal getting younger of the fault slip along the NMTP. However, this tendency is very complicated at different times and different segments as a result of the uplift, growth and rotation of different segments of the NMTP at different stages during the convergence of India and Eurasia. 相似文献