共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
福山铜矿位于山东省烟台市,围岩主要是大理岩,岩溶裂隙水为矿床直接充水水源。在分析研究区水文地质条件、岩溶发育特征和地下水流态的基础上,建立了地下水三维渗流模型,模型考虑了地下水在三个主渗流方向上的各向异性,将疏干巷道概化为排水沟,针对金属矿床开采水位降深大,边界流量随着降深的增大而增加,采用通用水头边界,随着降深的变化边界流入量依据水位值计算得到。利用群孔抽水试验资料和长期观测资料对模型进行识别和验证,最终对矿井疏干排水量和不同年份的正常涌水量进行预报,模拟结果为-80 m、-200 m、-300 m、-400 m和-450 m水平平水年正常涌水量分别为7 500 m3/d、14 060 m3/d、28 070 m3/d、37 200 m3/d和41 600 m3/d。从岩溶发育特征和地下水流动特征看,在这类岩溶地区建立地下水三维渗流模型是可行的。 相似文献
2.
废弃矿井地下水淹没过程的水流与水位数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
定量分析和研究废弃矿井淹没过程的水流特征对于预测和防止废弃矿井地下水淹没过程中诱发的次生灾害具有重要意义。建立了废弃矿井淹没的多种介质水流数学模型,得出了淹没补给水量随时间、矿井内淹没水位和补给水源含水层水位之间的相关关系,建立了淹没补给水量与相关影响因素之间的函数关系式,完成了矿井淹没过程中涌水量实时计算的FEFLOW模块设计和开发。进行了近水平煤层开采后废弃矿井充水淹没水位回弹过程的数值模拟计算,得到了不同充水介质在充水淹没过程中的水流和水位回弹特征。结果显示,FEFLOW二次开发模块运算效果良好,具有实用价值。 相似文献
3.
露天煤矿开采过程中的矿坑疏排水是引起地下水资源流失的重要原因,寻求新的控水方法势在必行。以内蒙古赤峰市元宝山露天煤矿为研究对象,根据研究区水文地质与露天煤矿开发特征,分析了露天开采驱动下帷幕墙体建设对地下水系统控制的基本原理,得出帷幕墙体渗透能力越弱、厚度越大、与补给水体距离越近是帷幕墙减少露天采坑涌水的基本思路。将露天采矿疏排水与地下水系统数值仿真研究结合,对露天煤矿开采与帷幕墙建设对矿坑疏排水强度影响程度进行预测分析,模拟结果显示,采用针对主要涌水段的局部帷幕工程方案,地下水仍然以露天矿采坑为降落漏斗中心,区域流场形态基本未发生重大变化,在未帷幕区段地下水发生了强烈的侧向绕流现象,初期(300 d)矿坑残余涌水量较之现有矿坑排水量最大减幅 37.16%,而残余涌水量随时间增大趋势明显。按准全封闭型帷幕方案建墙后,地下水基本未发生绕流现象,矿井残余涌水量为先减小后增大的趋势,最大减幅达85.79%,且后期涌水量增加幅度不大,可见准封闭型帷幕建设方案较之局部帷幕方案对矿坑整体涌水量的减排作用显著。通过分析露天煤矿开采侧向帷幕控水规律,构建帷幕阻水条件下地下水系统仿真模型,评价帷幕截水减排效果,以期为露天矿区煤–水资源协调开发提供科学依据。 相似文献
4.
钻孔灌注桩后压浆后,与坑外含水层相比,基坑范围内含水层的渗透系数减小,这对基坑降水渗流场具有比较明显的影响。某广场式建筑由五幢塔楼和地下车库组成,采用桩侧后压浆钻孔灌注桩,基坑开挖深度21m,承压含水层组厚10m,透水性较强,采用敞开式完整井降水,井位主要沿基坑周边布置。在对水文地质条件进行概化后,建立了地下水三维非稳定流数值模型,进行了非均质渗流场模拟,并与均质渗流场作比较。结果表明,坑内后压浆区域的渗透系数减小后,坑内水力坡度变陡,单井涌水量减小,井数应相应增加;若模型计算域全部按注浆后的渗透系数考虑,则会严重降低补给强度、低估基坑总涌水量;在相同的降深要求下,坑内后压浆后渗透系数减小、但坑外渗透系数不变,基坑总补给量基本没有变化。现场监测与模拟结果较为一致。研究成果对类似工程地下水控制有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
5.
矿井采煤对地下水环境的影响主要为对具有供水意义的含水层水位及水量产生影响,确定采煤引起地下水水位降及漏失量是煤矿地下水环境影响评价的关键。以纳林河矿区某大型矿井为例,运用Visual MODFLOW建立模拟区地下水流数值模型,利用实测流场和长观孔的动态观测资料识别和验证数值模型,利用模型来预测采煤对第四系-白垩系含水层水位及水量的影响。模拟结果显示:前25年采煤引起地下水最大水位降为3.6 m,引起地下水的漏失量最大为141.87万m^3/a,占矿井涌水量的29.88%;利用矿化度法确定的越流量占矿井涌水量的6.39%~34.89%,模拟结果基本合理,可作为矿井采煤对地下水环境影响的研究依据。 相似文献
6.
为了精确模拟预测松散沉积层中深基坑降水引起的地下水渗流场和地面沉降的变化特征,考虑土体孔隙度、渗透系数、储水率随地下水位下降发生的动态变化,建立了深基坑降水三维变参数非稳定渗流与太沙基一维固结理论的地面沉降耦合模型,并采用有限元数值分析方法对模型进行求解。以南京地铁三号线浦珠路站深基坑降水为例进行模拟计算。结果表明：采用15口坑内抽水井,抽水井过滤器埋深为22.0～37.0 m,基坑围护连续墙底部埋深至41.5 m为最优降水方案;不仅使基坑内地下水位满足开挖要求,又使基坑外地面沉降在控制范围内。经验证,所建立的模型合理,计算结果可靠,研究理论用于模拟预测此类地区深基坑降水引起的地下水流场变化具有较高的可信度。 相似文献
7.
涌漏点的存在使得落底式止水帷幕条件下基坑涌水量的计算成为一个有待解决的技术难题。在承压含水层中开挖落底式深基坑时,针对落底式止水帷幕渗漏的不确定性,建立承压含水层中落底式基坑非完整井降水水文地质模型。基于Theis非完整井非稳定流理论,结合映射原理,推导等效渗透系数计算公式,并提出涌漏系数法用以评价落底式止水帷幕隔渗效果以及计算基坑涌水量。以武汉某深基坑降水工程为例,采用该方法评价止水帷幕的隔渗效果以及对其基坑涌水量进行计算,并与实测结果和传统方法计算结果分别进行对比验证。结果显示涌漏系数法计算误差较小,且计算过程简便,兼具安全性和经济性。研究结果可应用于指导工程设计,具有一定实际应用价值。 相似文献
8.
现有的井群疏干、地下巷道集中排水、地表地下联合疏干方法都已比较成熟有效,但当矿区的地下水系统由非均质各向异性、低渗透性含水介质组成时,井群疏干受到低渗透性含水层和高倾角裂隙的制约,无法达到良好的疏干效果。地下巷道集中排水方法一次性工程投入很大,含水层富水性极度不均时易造成许多不必要的浪费;地表地下联合疏干方法的地面部分对矿坑边坡安全和采场作业都会造成一定的影响。结合马钢集团南山矿业公司高村露天铁矿的地下水疏干技术研究专项,调查分析了矿区地质和水文地质条件,含水介质特点及含水层富水特征,借助GMS软件建立了高村矿区地下水水流模型,提出了辐射井疏干技术的设想,并依据前人提出的＂渗流-管流耦合模型＂模拟辐射井,完成了此类矿山的地下水辐射井疏干方法的初步研究。 相似文献
9.
通过对广西某石灰岩矿区水文地质条件的分析,对该水文地质单元的水文地质模型进行概化,推导出了定水头补给半无限带状含水层中完整井流公式,并运用该公式对开采条件下矿坑涌水量作了评价。最后,运用传统的逐个干扰井叠加法对该公式的评价结果进行验证,结果表明,当映射叠加次数足够多时,其计算结果极为相近。但就其计算方法而言,映射叠加方法较为繁琐,而运用该公式计算则显得较为方便。 相似文献
10.
Assessment of groundwater inflows into Kuteshwar Limestone Mines through flow modeling study, Madhya Pradesh, India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The development of limestone mining activities in Katni, Madhya Pradesh becomes necessary to increase the depth of exploration to produce ore. Increase in the exploration depth means that mining pits were subjected to water inrush. A hydrological and a hydrogeological model for the Katni area have been developed using USGS flow code, MODFLOW 2000. Collected GIS-based information was synthesized in a finite difference numerical model. The regional steady flow was calibrated under pre-development conditions assuming an equivalent porous medium approach. Water budget calculations show that the total groundwater flow into the aquifer system due to interaction with river amounts to 14,783 m3/day. Infiltration from precipitation provides 1,600 m3/day of the groundwater supply, while 1,446 m3/day comes from lateral inflow and the remaining. The inflows into mine pit area amounts to 15,725 m3/day. Although the karstic nature of the limestone aquifer the equivalent porous medium flow model is appropriate to represent hydraulic heads and recharge/discharge relationships on a regional scale. The results of this study can be used to predict the required amounts of pumping and the possible locations to dewater the groundwater in the mining pits. 相似文献
11.
长江三角洲地区深基坑降水复杂,且极易引起地面沉降地质灾害问题,传统的基于地下水动力学原理的解析解模型(Theis公式或Dupuit公式)已难以满足降水设计模拟计算的需要,尤其是无法预测降水引起的地面沉降问题,深基坑降水与地面沉降耦合模型将地下水渗流模型和土体应力-应变模型耦合起来,可根据基坑地下水位的控制要求,同时模拟计算出降水井的布局、各井的开采量和地面沉降量。据此确定出的基坑降水方案既能满足地下水位的控制要求,又能对降水引起的地面沉降进行最优化控制。 相似文献
12.
基坑采用悬挂式帷幕减压降水时,因隔水帷幕局部存在缺陷,而导致坑内承压含水层水头抬升所诱发的基坑底侧突涌事件常有发生。为研究这种现象,以某地铁线风井基坑为范例,建立了三维非稳定流的地下水数值模型,重点考虑了渗透系数的各向异性,对隔水帷幕无缺陷,28~33m、33~38m、38~43m深度的缺陷,加大流量抽取等7种情况,进行了模拟和比较分析。研究结果表明,悬挂式帷幕降水帷幕无缺陷时,帷幕内外的水头差在含水层顶最大,并沿帷幕向下递减;在帷幕缺陷形成的渗流通道附近,渗流场的等势线非常密集,补给的地下水抬升了坑内水头,并加剧了坑外的水头下降;经缺陷处的渗流通道流入坑内的地下水,渗流速度矢量以水平向为主;帷幕缺陷位于渗透系数较大的含水层时,相应补给量也较大;加大流量抽取,可以减小水头抬升的平面范围,但缺陷附近过大的流速也会诱发地层流土;缺陷位置与帷幕底竖向距离越远,坑内水头的抬升率越大,缺陷位置与帷幕底竖向距离越近,抬升率越小。研究成果对分析承压水底侧突涌的致灾机制、预测预警以及基坑动态风险评估等有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
13.
Ye-Shuang Xu Huai-Na Wu Bruce Zhi-Feng Wang Tian-Liang Yang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(9):351
Foundation dewatering has become a major cause of land subsidence in Shanghai. The burial depth of foundations in relation to geotechnical construction works is less than 75 m, and the corresponding groundwater includes phreatic, low-pressure artesian, and the first confined aquifers. Based on the geological and hydrogeological conditions beneath Shanghai, methods of dewatering may be divided into three modes and further five patterns according to the insertion depth of the dewatering-retaining system. The most common dewatering mode aims to reduce the water pressure in the confined aquifer by setting the dewatering wells inside the pit, whilst the retaining walls are buried in the confined aquifer and partially cut off the confined aquifer layer. To predict the settlement due to foundation dewatering, numerical models are generally adopted, which are similar to those used to predict land subsidence induced by regional groundwater withdrawal; however, since foundation dewatering is conducted along with the setting of retaining walls and foundation pit excavation, which differs from regional groundwater withdrawal, interactions between the retaining wall-dewatering well, the dewatering-excavation, and dewatering-recharge are important factors affecting the analytical model. Since the grading of the shallow soil layers is different, stratified settlement characteristics of the shallow soil strata and seepage erosion, which results in additional deformation, need to be given particular consideration. 相似文献
14.
基于信湖煤矿水文地质条件,利用数值法和地下水动力学方法分别进行矿坑涌水量预测,并就预测结果进行对比分析,结果显示:利用数值模拟法预测得到的信湖矿的矿坑涌水量为11 000~3 236 m^3/d,水动力学方法得到的信湖矿的涌水量为13 152 m^3/d,两种预测方法所测算出的结果偏差不大,总体认为数值法的计算结果比较可靠。同时可将水动力学法当做数值法计算矿坑涌水量预测的一种检验印证方法,两种计算方法结合起来会使矿坑涌水量的预测结果更加准确。 相似文献
15.
16.
This study develops a three-dimensional heterogeneous numerical model to simulate the water inrush process and predict the water yield for mineral exploration in Yangzhuang Iron Mine in Anhui Province. To identify the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer in the study area, the model was calibrated and validated using the observed heads through the integrated trial-and-error and automated techniques. Also, the sensitivity analysis of the model was performed to evaluate the uncertainty associated with the calibrated model. According to the mine construction plan at different mining levels of -500 m, -600 m, and -700 m, the calibrated model was then applied to predict the water yields dependent on the different mining levels. As indicated by the prediction results, the numerical simulation model can systematically describe the groundwater system in the mining area and determine the source of water inrush in this iron mine. In conclusion, numerical analyses carried out in this study can provide guidance to decision-makers in balancing the iron ore mining and mine dewatering in the future. 相似文献
17.
S. K. Chaulya M. K. Chakraborty M. Ahmad K. K. K. Singh R. S. Singh B. K. Tewary P. K. Gupta 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(10):1155-1162
A study has been conducted at the Bicholim iron-ore mine, North Goa, India to investigate the hydrogeological continuity
between the mine's open pit and surrounding villages. Water resource accounting by demarcating different watersheds has also
been carried out to analyse the major causes of groundwater scarcity in the region during dry periods. A resistivity survey
and a ground penetrating radar survey were completed around the periphery of open pits, the surrounding village areas and
Mayem Lake. The results of the two independent surveys and other related data confirm that there is no observable hydrogeological
continuity between the pits, nearby villages and Mayem Lake. Hence, there may not be any significant effect on surrounding
water resources due to mining or mine dewatering. Water resource accounting has revealed that only 15–20% of 3500 mm precipitation
per annum becomes part of the groundwater resource. The remainder of the annual precipitation is lost as heavy runoff, evapotranspiration
and subsurface capillary moisture. Closely spaced wells in the region have also aggravated the groundwater scarcity problem
due to draw down effects. Therefore, an effective water resource conservation plan is required for the region to overcome
the problem.
Received: 18 January 1999 · Accepted: 17 May 1999 相似文献
18.
Determining groundwater ages from environmental tracer concentrations measured on samples obtained from open bores or long-screened intervals is fraught with difficulty because the sampled water represents a variety of ages. A multi-tracer technique (Cl, 14C, 3H, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113 and SF6) was used to decipher the groundwater ages sampled from long-screened production bores in a regional aquifer around an open pit mine in the Pilbara region of northwest Australia. The changes in tracer concentrations due to continuous dewatering over 7 years (2008–2014) were examined, and the tracer methods were compared. Tracer concentrations suggest that groundwater samples are a mixture of young and old water; the former is inferred to represent localised recharge from an adjacent creek, and the latter to be diffuse recharge. An increase in 14C activity with time in wells closest to the creek suggests that dewatering of the open pit to achieve dry mining conditions has resulted in change in flow direction, so that localised recharge from the creek now forms a larger proportion of the pumped groundwater. The recharge rate prior to development, calculated from a steady-state Cl mass balance, is 6 mm/y, and is consistent with calculations based on the 14C activity. Changes in CFC-12 concentrations with time may be related to the change in water-table position relative to the depth of the well screen. 相似文献
19.
深基坑降水引起的地面沉降给工程和周边环境带来很大的危害,以天津地铁 XX站深基坑为例,通过使用有限差分模拟软件Processing Modflow建立三维地下水渗流场与地面沉降耦合模型,利用抽水试验数据反演识别场区的水文地质参数,对基坑降水对周边环境的影响进行预测。结合施工要求,本着在规定时间内用最少的抽水量完成降水要求,并对基坑周围造成的环境影响最小的原则,对基坑降水进行优化设计。 相似文献
20.
大面积采动矿区水环境灾害特征及防治措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿山采动前后,相应伴生水系调整和水体污染,产生水环境灾害。以阜新新邱矿区为研究对象,在对环境地质情况调查分析基础上,主要从水资源流失、废旧地下采场和露天矿坑积水、矿区地表和地下水质污染等方面探讨了矿区水环境灾害的形成及特征。大面积的开采,造成矿区水资源流失严重,矿山停采后,地下水位逐渐恢复;废旧地下采场和露天矿坑形成的积水,在入渗过程中,通过运移累积、吸附转化、溶解解析和离子交换等水岩作用对地下水产生污染;矿区矿井抽排水和河流水质污染物不同程度超标。针对矿山水环境灾害,建议采用矿山地质环境治理、修建防排水及净水设施、水环境监测等手段进行防治,以使矿区环境得到根本改善。 相似文献