共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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以北江流域石角站53年的实测月径流资料为基础,研究了流域内径流年内分配特征及其变异性。计算了径流年内分配不均匀性、集中程度、变化幅度等指标。发现各年代和多年平均相比,20世纪50、60年代的径流年内分配较不均匀,70年代以后,径流年内分配逐渐趋于均匀,集中期和极小比的变化表现为具有波动性。从各指标的变化趋势看,不均匀系数、调节系数和极大比在1967、1975、1999年发生了变化,集中度在1999年发生了变化,集中期在1984、1999年发生了变化,极小比在1975、1983、1991、1999年发生了变化。径流年内分配特征的趋势变化和降雨不一致,主要表现在径流的年内分配不均匀性趋势较降雨降低,径流对降水的滞后时间延长,径流极大比变化趋势较降雨下降,极小比变化较降雨平稳。说明北江流域径流年内分配特征发生了变异。对流域内水利工程设施的修建、植被条件、城市化发展情况进行了分析,认为北江流域径流年内分配特征发生变异,主要是受到了上述人类活动的综合影响。 相似文献
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白龙江流域上游径流年内分配变化规律分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在气候变化与人类活动双重影响下,河川径流的年内分配特征随着发生变化。本文根据白龙江上游4个站点的实测月径流量资料,分析了年内分配不均匀性,集中程度与变化幅度等指标。结果表明:在1965~1969年、1971~1984年和2002~2006年,径流年内分配不均匀性较强;白龙江上游集中度较小,集中度随时间的增加均呈现降低趋势。流域自上游向下游,在不同年代集中期均表现为逐渐缩短的变化趋势。Cm、Cm-max和ΔR随时间增加而减小,Cm-min随时间增加而增大。总体上看,随着时间的推移,白龙江上游径流年内分配不均匀性越来越低,逐渐由不均匀向相对均匀转变。 相似文献
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黑河径流年内分配格局变化趋势研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
通过黑河出山口控制站莺落峡65年的月年实测径流资料,从径流年内各月(阶段)占年径流的百分比、年内不均匀系数、集中度(期)以及变化幅度等不同指标,具体分析研究了黑河径流年内分配的变化规律。研究表明:(1)黑河径流年内分配不均匀性减小,集中度降低,绝对变幅基本稳定,相对变幅有所减小,非汛期水量所占比重增大,径流年内分配渐趋均匀。(2)莺落峡年径流量集中期的长期变化呈逐年推后趋势,60多年间,黑河径流重心向后移动,集中期滞后4d左右。 相似文献
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采用不同方法对黄河中游典型风沙滩河流海流兔河19572007年的径流资料进行了分析。采用年内分配不均匀系数法分析表明,海流兔流域径流年内分配均匀,集中度低。应用Mann-Kendall秩次检验法,证明年径流序列存在明显下降趋势。而同时期的降雨量不存在显著的趋势,且降水年内分配十分不均,主要集中在夏季的79月,冬季少雨。利用情势变化指数法（RSI）分析得到海流兔河年径流变化的几个阶段分别为19571967年、19681988年、19892000年、20012007年。通过对比降水资料和径流资料的变化趋势和年内分配,发现降水对径流变化的影响不明显。 相似文献
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根据嫩江主要代表水文站石灰窑、同盟、江桥、大赉1956-2006年51年的径流资料,应用数理统计、累积滤波器、Mann-Kendall秩相关法及小波分析法等多种方法,分析了嫩江径流年内、年际变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:嫩江径流年内分配不均匀,主要集中在7、8、9月份。嫩江年径流量在1963年左右发生了一次全流域的减少突变,80年代径流有所增加,90年代中后期又发生了一次减少突变。嫩江径流主要存在8年的年际周期,20年及大于40年的年代际周期。径流变化的主要气候影响因素是降水,人类活动通过土地覆被变化及水利工程等对径流也有重大影响。 相似文献
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基于赣江外洲站近49年（19602008）月径流量及42年（19662007）月输沙量实测资料,采用年内分配不均匀系数、完全调节系数、集中度（期）、肯德尔秩次相关检验法对赣江水沙年内分配变化进行分析。结果表明:①外洲站除80和90年代输沙量呈"双峰型"分布以外,其余各年代径流量、输沙量年内分配均呈明显的"单峰型"分布,6月到达峰值。②赣江径流量和输沙量的集中度与不均匀程度变化呈逐年代递减趋势,表明径流量和输沙量年内分配都趋于均匀态势。集中度、不均匀程度逐年下降与水库兴修、水土保持、人工采砂等因素有关。③赣江外洲站汛期与非汛期径流量变化趋势平稳,输沙量呈下降趋势,汛期径流量、输沙量波动幅度明显大于非汛期。 相似文献
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以大凌河流域3个水文站的径流资料和15个雨量站的降水资料为基础,利用多指标、多方法分析了近50年大凌河流域径流的年内和年际变化特征。结果表明:大凌河流域径流年内分配不均匀,主要集中在7、8月份;径流年际变化大。近50年来,大凌河流域年径流量呈显著减少趋势,流域径流量在1981年出现明显的减少突变,自然因素和人类活动特别是大量水利工程的修建是造成径流变化的重要因素。 相似文献
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土地利用与气候变化对密云水库来水量变化的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综合应用多种方法,评估了土地利用与气候变化对密云水库来水量变化的影响。应用MannKendall全时段趋势检验方法检验不同时段降水与径流的变化趋势;结合水量平衡方法分析气候与土地利用变化对流域径流的影响;利用双累积曲线方法检测了流域降水-径流关系的突变点,并探讨其原因。结果表明,1960~2016年,密云水库来水量整体呈显著的减少趋势;1980s以后,土地利用变化、人类活动用水量剧增是引起径流减少的重要因素,其中土地利用变化导致蒸散发减少,对径流变化的贡献率达60%。 相似文献
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Amir Asadi Vaighan Nasser Talebbeydokhti Alireza Massah Bavani 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(15):543
This research addressed the separate and combined impacts of climate and land use change on streamflow, suspended sediment and water quality in the Kor River Basin, Southwest of Iran, using (BASINS–WinHSPF) model. The model was calibrated and validated for hydrology, sediment and water quality for the period 2003–2012. The model was run under two climate changes, two land use changes and four combined change scenarios for near-future period (2020–2049). The results revealed that projected climate change impacts include an increase in streamflow (maximum increases of 52% under RCP 2.6 in December and 170% under RCP 8.5). Projected sediment concentrations under climate change scenarios showed a monthly average decrease of 10%. For land use change scenarios, agricultural development scenario indicated an opposite direction of changes in orthophosphate (increases in all months with an average increase of 6% under agricultural development scenario), leading to the conclusion that land use change is the dominant factor in nutrient concentration changes. Combined impacts results indicated that streamflows in late fall and winter months increased while in summer and early fall decreased. Suspended sediment and orthophosphate concentrations were decreased in all months except for increases in suspended sediment concentrations in September and October and orthophosphate concentrations in late winter and early spring due to the impact of land use change scenarios. 相似文献
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新疆阿克苏河流域昆马力克河积雪消融规律对气候变化的响应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
作为气候变化产物及气候变化敏感指示器的积雪, 对干旱区的区域社会经济的发展、 生态环境的改善起着极其重要的作用. 为能够更好的指导环境变化下积雪水资源的合理开发利用, 基于2001-2010年MODIS积雪数据、 2005年MODIS土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)数据及阿克苏气象站气象数据, 对昆马力克河流域积雪消融规律对气候变化的响应进行分析. 结果表明: 研究区气温自1997年后快速升高, 尤其以冬季和春节较明显; 年际、 年内及时段积雪消融规律对气候变化有较好的响应关系; 不同覆被下除农用地所在区域积雪覆盖率与气温变化服从线性变化外, 其他覆被下均服从抛物线型变化. 积雪覆盖率对气温变化的敏感程度有一定的差异, 以林地所在区域最敏感, 变化较快, 其次依次为灌丛、 草地和稳定雪/冰所在区域. 相似文献
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Urbanisation and climate change can have adverse effects on the streamflow and water balance components in river basins. This study focuses on the understanding of different hydrologic responses to climate change between urban and rural basins. The comprehensive semi-distributed hydrologic model, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), is used to evaluate how the streamflow and water balance components vary under future climate change on Bharalu (urban basin) and Basistha (rural basin) River basins near the Brahmaputra River in India based on precipitation, temperature and geospatial data. Based on data collected in 1990–2012, it is found that 98.78% of the water yield generated for the urban Bharalu River basin is by surface runoff, comparing to 75% of that for the rural Basistha basin. Comparison of various hydrologic processes (e.g. precipitation, discharge, water yield, surface runoff, actual evapotranspiration and potential evapotranspiration) based on predicted climate change scenarios is evaluated. The urban Bharalu basin shows a decrease in streamflow, water yield, surface runoff, actual evapotranspiration in contrast to the rural Basistha basin, for the 2050s and 2090s decades. The average annual discharge will increase a maximum 1.43 and 2.20 m3/s from the base period for representative concentration pathways (RCPs) such as 2.6 and 8.5 pathways in Basistha River and it will decrease a maximum 0.67 and 0.46 m3/s for Bharalu River, respectively. This paper also discusses the influence of sensitive parameters on hydrologic processes, future issues and challenges in the rural and urban basins. 相似文献
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Assessing climate change impacts on water balance in the Mount Makiling forest, Philippines 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A statistical downscaling known for producing station-scale climate information from GCM output was preferred to evaluate the impacts of climate change within the Mount Makiling forest watershed, Philippines. The lumped hydrologic BROOK90 model was utilized for the water balance assessment of climate change impacts based on two scenarios (A1B and A2) from CGCM3 experiment. The annual precipitation change was estimated to be 0.1–9.3% increase for A1B scenario, and ?3.3 to 3.3% decrease/increase for the A2 scenario. Difference in the mean temperature between the present and the 2080s were predicted to be 0.6–2.2°C and 0.6–3.0°C under A1B and A2 scenarios, respectively. The water balance showed that 42% of precipitation is converted into evaporation, 48% into streamflow, and 10% into deep seepage loss. The impacts of climate change on water balance reflected dramatic fluctuations in hydrologic events leading to high evaporation losses, and decrease in streamflow, while groundwater flow appeared unaffected. A study on the changes in monthly water balance provided insights into the hydrologic changes within the forest watershed system which can be used in mitigating the effects of climate change. 相似文献
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Modeling and assessing land-use and hydrological processes to future land-use and climate change scenarios in watershed land-use planning 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effective information regarding environmental responses to future land-use and climate change scenarios provides useful support
for decision making in land use planning, management and policies. This study developed an approach for modeling and examining
the impacts of future land-use and climate change scenarios on streamflow, surface runoff and groundwater discharge using
an empirical land-use change model, a watershed hydrological model based on various land use policies and climate change scenarios
in an urbanizing watershed in Taiwan. The results of the study indicated that various demand and conversion policies had different
levels of impact on hydrological components in all land-use scenarios in the study watershed. Climate changes were projected
to have a greater impact in increasing surface runoff and reducing groundwater discharge than are land use changes. Additionally,
the spatial distributions of land-use changes also influenced hydrological processes in both downstream and upstream areas,
particularly in the downstream watershed. The impacts on hydrological components when considering both land use and climate
changes exceeded those when only considering land use changes or climate changes, particularly on surface runoff and groundwater
discharge. However, the proposed approach provided a useful source of information for assessing the responses of land use
and hydrological processes to future land use and climate changes. 相似文献
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The electricity generation capacity in the Limay River basin is approximately 26% of the total electrical power generation
in Argentina. Assessing the potential effects of climate change on the hydrological regime of this basin is an important issue
for water resources management. This study explores the presence of trends in streamflow series, evaluates climate sensitivity
and studies the effects on the flow regime of predicted changes in precipitation in the basin. In order to identify and quantify
changes in observed streamflow series, the Mann–Kendall test, with a modification for autocorrelated data, and an estimator
of the magnitude of the trend are applied. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of streamflow to changes in climate, the concept
of elasticity is used. Precipitation elasticity of streamflow is used to quantify the sensitivity of streamflow to changes
in precipitation and is estimated using a power law model and a linear statistical model in two sub-basins, Aluminé and Nahuel
Huapi. The effects on flow regime of the predicted changes in precipitation under different scenarios are studied. Climatic
results for different scenarios of growth in greenhouse gases from some General Circulation Models are used as inputs into
the proposed models. The analysis identifies decreasing trends in mean and minimum annual flows and in the low flow season.
The estimates of the precipitation elasticity imply that changes in precipitation produce similar changes in streamflow and
the climatic results for different scenarios show that the variations are moderate. 相似文献
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In this study, the effects of changes in historical and projected land use land cover (LULC) on monthly streamflow and sediment yield for the Netravati river basin in the Western Ghats of India are explored using land use maps from six time periods (1972, 1979, 1991, 2000, 2012, and 2030) and the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). The LULC for 2030 is projected using the land change modeller with the assumption of normal growth. The sensitivity analysis, model calibration, and validation indicated that the SWAT model could reasonably simulate streamflow and sediment yield in the river basin. The results showed that the spatial extent of the LULC classes of urban (1.80–9.96%), agriculture (31.38–55.75%), and water bodies (1.48–2.66%) increased, whereas that of forest (53.04–27.03%), grassland (11.17–4.41%), and bare land (1.09–0.16%) decreased from 1972 to 2030. The streamflow increased steadily (7.88%) with changes in LULC, whereas the average annual sediment yield decreased (0.028%) between 1972 and 1991 and increased later (0.029%) until 2012. However, it may increase by 0.43% from 2012 to 2030. The results indicate that LULC changes in urbanization and agricultural intensification have contributed to the increase in runoff, amounting to 428.65 and 58.67 mm, respectively, and sediment yield, amounting to 348 and 43 ton/km2, respectively, in the catchment area from 1972 to 2030. The proposed methodology can be applied to other river basins for which temporal digital LULC maps are available for better water resource management plans. 相似文献
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淮河流域作为我国重要的粮食产地,其水资源利用情况具有很高的研究价值。利用MODIS蒸散发数据产品（MOD16/ET）、降水和气温时序数据以及土地利用数据,探讨了淮河流域2000—2014年蒸散量时空变化特征及其对气候变化、土地利用的响应。结果表明:淮河流域蒸散量在空间上表现为南高北低,蒸散量多年均值为589.1 mm,夏季最高,冬季最低。整体而言,淮河流域15年间蒸散量具有先增加后减少的趋势;趋势分析结果显示,31.4%的地区蒸散量呈显著或极显著减少趋势,5.4%的地区蒸散量呈显著或极显著增加趋势,63.2%的地区蒸散量无显著变化。从蒸散量的气候因子分区看,52.0%的区域表现为非气候因子驱动型,44.1%的地区为降水驱动型,双因子驱动型和气温驱动型范围很小,面积占比分别为2.4%、1.5%,表明人类活动对蒸散发的影响巨大。四种植被覆盖土地利用蒸散量均值表现为林地>水田>旱地>草地。根据2000—2014年土地利用转变引起蒸散量变化的统计结果,草地转变为水田时蒸散量明显增加,旱地转变为草地、林地转变为旱地后蒸散量明显减少。 相似文献
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The streamflow trend in Tangwang River basin in northeast China and its difference response to climate and land use change in sub-basins 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Wenbin Liu Tijiu Cai Guobin Fu Aijing Zhang Changming Liu Hongzhou Yu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(1):51-62
In this study, the hydro-climatic trends (1964–2006) of Tangwang River basin (TRB) were examined using the Kendall’s test. Moreover, the impacts of climate variability and land use change on streamflow in each sub-basin were assessed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model. The results indicated that annual mean flow and peak flow showed insignificant decreasing trends (?0.14 m3 s?1 year?1, 1 %; ?8.67 m3 s?1 year?1, 40 %), while annual low flow exhibited a slightly increasing trend (0.02 m3 s?1 year?1, 11 %). Correspondingly, the annual precipitation for the entire basin decreased by 0.02 mm year?2, while the annual means of daily mean, maximum and minimum temperature increased significantly by 0.07, 0.10 and 0.02 °C year?1, respectively. On the other hand, with the implementation of “Natural Forest Protection Project” and “Grain for Green Project”, the forests in TRB totally increased by 744.5 km2 (4.00 %) from 1980 to 2000. Meanwhile, the grasslands and the farmlands decreased by 378.0 km2 (?1.98 %) and 311.9 km2 (?1.63 %), respectively. Overall, land use changes played a more important role for the streamflow reduction than climate change for SUB1, SUB2 and SUB3, in which the primary conversions were from grassland, farmland and bare land to forests. Conversely, in SUB4, the influence of climate variability was predominant. The results obtained could be a reference for water resources planning and management under changing environment. 相似文献