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1.
根据21件碎屑岩样品的常量元素和微量元素相关关系、组分含量及某些元素的比值特征,探讨了珠江口盆地惠州凹陷HZ21钻孔的元素地球化学特征与古环境意义。研究表明:Al2O3、Fe2O3、K2O、TiO2、V、Cr、Rb相互间呈明显的正相关关系;SiO2与Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2呈明显负相关,与K2O呈弱相关关系;Sr与CaO呈明显正相关关系;P2O5与Al2O3、Fe2O3、K2O、TiO2呈明显的正相关,与SiO2呈明显的负相关,且与CaO呈弱相关关系。据锶钙比值103(Sr/Ca)和V/Cr值分析,HZ21井珠江组从下往上水体有逐渐加深的趋势,与单井沉积相分析结果一致。据镁铝比值102(MgO/Al2O3)和Sr/Ba值分析,珠江组从下往上沉积环境的水体盐度变化不太大,但到上部略有下降。古气候指示剂Rb/Sr值和MgO/CaO值显示,NSQ1和NSQ2层序时期气候干燥寒冷,而NSQ3和NSQ4这两个层序时期气候湿热。总之,地球化学特征所反映的沉积环境与沉积相分析的结果相一致,说明元素地球化学与沉积环境关系密切,可作为沉积相判别的标志。 相似文献
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上扬子地台北缘发育下寒武统黑色页岩，沉积厚度大、有机碳含量高，是一套重要的烃源岩，具有重要的勘探价值。恢复其发育环境和碎屑物源，对烃源岩分布预测具有重要意义。通过对华南渝东北城口地区野外露头系统取样并开展地球化学测试，研究了黑色页岩的形成环境与物源供应，探讨气候变化与陆源输入对黑色页岩形成的控制作用，重建优质烃源岩的形成过程。分析结果表明，黑色页岩具有高的Al2O3含量（7.38%~13.90%）、K2O含量（1.01%~2.93%）、Na2O含量（1.98%~2.88%）和总Fe2O3含量（2.35%~5.36%），富集V（平均值为242 μg/g）、Cr（平均值为83 μg/g）、Ni（平均值为58 μg/g）等微量元素。CIA、K/Al和Rb/Al指示黑色页岩沉积期气候为温暖湿润，V/Cr、U/Th、Ce/Ce*、MoEF?UEF指沉积水体经历缺氧→次氧化→缺氧→次氧化四个阶段，正Eu/Eu*异常指示早期存在海底热水活动，Th/Sc?Zr/Sc图表明黑色页岩沉积组分未经历再循环过程，可以有效判别源区；Co/Th?La/Sc图和La/Th?Hf图确定黑色页岩存在长英质和铁镁质两种源岩类型，并且汉南古陆是有效物源区。 相似文献
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由于缺少对SSZ型蛇绿岩和洋内弧火成岩的系统研究,制约了古亚洲洋东段古生代洋内俯冲过程的进一步认识。本文报道了内蒙古迪彦庙SSZ型蛇绿岩带北部新发现的巴嘎哈尔早石炭世闪长岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年显示,巴嘎哈尔闪长岩的侵位年龄为324.2±1.8 Ma,其形成时代为早石炭世末期。巴嘎哈尔闪长岩SiO2含量为57.71%～61.24%;高铝(Al2O3含量为15.58%～16.68%);具有相对富钠(Na2O含量为3.29%～4.15%)、低钾(K2O含量为1.05%～1.69%)的特征,Na2O/K2O比值为2.18～3.95;MgO含量较高(3.30%～4.23%),Mg#为47.20～51.82;贫TiO2(0.65%～0.76%)和P2O5(0.14%～0.15%);稀土元素总量(ΣREE为85.19×10-6 相似文献
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镜铁山铁(铜)矿床是我国西北地区发现和勘探最早的大型铁(铜)矿床。对于铁矿床的成因,目前还存在不同的观点。笔者等对镜铁山铁铜矿床赋矿地层开展了岩石学和岩石化学成分分析,结果显示：变质石英砂岩的SiO2平均含量为96.95%、Al2O3平均为1.36%、Fe2O3平均为0.31%,SiO2/Al2O3平均值为73.26,K2O/Na2O平均值为12.54;除Sn以外,其他微量元素平均含量均低于后太古宙澳大利亚页岩(PAAS)值,稀土元素总量显著低于PAAS值,具有弱的Eu正异常,Ce异常不明显;铁碧玉岩SiO2平均含量为85.67%、Fe2O3平均含量为10.19%、SiO2/Al2O3平均为430.47、K2O/Na<... 相似文献
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对东海陆架西湖凹陷区SFK-1孔的岩性、粒度、常量元素以及测年数据的综合分析表明:元素地球化学信息对于地层的划分有良好的指示意义。 SFK-1孔沉积物常量元素质量分数平均值分别为SiO2 65.35%、Al2O3 12.12%、FeO 1.75%、CaO 3.88%、MgO 2.04%、K2O 2.63%、 Na2O 2.04%、 TiO2 0.66%、 P2O5 0.12%、 MnO 0.065%、TFe2O3 4.74%、CaCO3 5.38%,标准差系数较小,反映SFK-1孔常量元素离散程度较小。SFK-1孔沉积物CaCO3/TiO2、CaO/TiO2和P2O5/TiO2反映了化学风化程度的强弱;TiO2/Al2O3可以作为古水流能量的指标,反映当时河流水动力条件的影响强度;而SiO2/TiO2、Na2O/TiO2可以用来反映沉积水动力的强度。依据常量元素质量分数垂直变化特征划分的8个层段分别与沉积物粒度、气候变化地层划分界线吻合。研究区自91 ka BP以来沉积环境经历了剧烈变化,它们分别反映了末次间冰期( 暖期) 晚期以来东海陆架区沉积环境的变化。 相似文献
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沉积盆地中碎屑沉积岩的地球化学特征主要受物源区的制约。对北羌塘盆地三叠系康鲁组碎屑沉积岩进行全岩测试,分析表明,样品的成分变异指数(ICV)和化学蚀变指数(CIA)变化不大,反映其源区物质较新鲜,成熟度相对较低,化学风化作用较弱-中等。岩石SiO2含量普遍较高,TFe2O3+MgO含量相对较高,但K2O/Na2O比值变化较大。微量元素标准化蛛网图与后太古代页岩和上地壳相似,且REE配分模式图显示富集LREE,δEu明显负异常以及δCe呈弱负异常。此外,Th/U、La/Sc、Th/Sc、Ba/Sr等微量元素比值以及TiO2-Ni、La/Th-Hf、Co/Th-La/Sc和Th/Sc-La/Sc判别图表明沉积物物源具有浅源、长英质的特征。沉积岩的SiO2-K2O/Na2O、La-Th、La/Y-Sc/Cr双变量图解和La-Th-Sc、Th-Sc-Zr/10、Th-Co-Zr/10三变量图解,以及Th/U、Rb/Sr等比值特征表明北羌塘三叠系康鲁组沉积砂岩的物源区构造背景以大陆岛弧为主,兼有大洋岛弧和被动大陆边缘构造背景特征。 相似文献
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为探讨下扬子地区下寒武统幕府山组底部富有机质黑色岩系的物源属性及源区构造背景特征，在南京幕府山剖面幕府山组底部系统的采集样品，并对其进行地球化学测试与分析。Th/Sc?Zr/Sc图解表明幕府山组黑色岩系未曾经历沉积再循环；通过分析主量元素比值特征、稀土元素（REE）配分模式、δEu、（La/Yb）N及La/Th?Hf和La/Yb?∑REE判别图解，认为幕府山组黑色岩系源岩主要是花岗岩和富含长英质矿物的沉积岩等上地壳长英质岩石，存在基性岩的混入。从物源属性、地质年代关系、华南大陆构造演化历程等多方面考虑，源岩中花岗岩成分主要为新元古时期岩浆活动形成的岩浆岩，物源区为江南古陆（江南造山带）。通过分析K2O+Na2O?SiO2、K2O/Na2O?SiO2/Al2O3、La?Th?Sc、Th?Co?Zr/10和Th?Sc?Zr/10图解，认为幕府山组黑色岩系源区构造背景为被动大陆边缘。 相似文献
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云南上沧二叠纪枕状玄武岩位于峨眉山大火成岩省内带底部。该玄武岩全岩SiO2含量为49.36%～51.36%,TiO2含量为1.28%～1.91%,MgO含量为6.08%～10.79%,Mg#值为53～69,Al2O3含量为13.91%～16.31%,Na2O含量为1.59%～3.72%,K2O含量较低,为0.18%～0.76%,并且Na2O/K2O比值较高,为4.27～10.48,属拉斑系列玄武岩。具有右倾斜型稀土元素配分模式,重稀土和部分高场强元素与N-MORB接近,轻稀土和部分大离子亲石元素介于N-MORB和上地壳之间。(La/Sm)N比值大多数低于2.0(1.4～2.2),(Ce/Yb)N比值介于2.2～3.4之间,明显低于OIB,不具有OIB的地球化学特征,在Th/Hf-Ta/Hf构造环境判别图解中位于陆缘裂谷玄武岩区域,推测上沧枕状熔岩是古特提斯洋俯冲到扬子板块边缘形成的初始裂谷扩张的产物。 相似文献
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黑龙江省东部那丹哈达增生杂岩主要由晚三叠世-中侏罗世含放射虫硅质岩组成,并夹有镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩和晚古生代浅海沉积岩.对黑龙江省东部石场、勤得利和胜利农场地区硅质岩分析显示,样品Al2O3、TiO2、CaO、Al2O3/（Al2O3+TFe2O3）及ΣREE整体上偏低,具有较高的SiO2含量,为纯硅质岩.结合Al-Fe-Mn三角图和K2O/Na2O值,表明该地区硅质岩的形成过程与海底热液作用无关.元素判别图解及地球化学特征揭示,黑龙江东部三个地区的硅质岩形成于大陆坡及边缘海环境. 相似文献
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The Upper Permian Xuanwei Formation widely occurs in western Guizhou, unconformably overlying the Emeishan basalts, and mainly
consists of black shales. It is ∼170 m thick at Cuyudong Village, Weining County, West Guizhou, China, where the samples of
black shale and sandy shale were collected and analyzed. The shales mainly contain SiO2, 18.9%–44.1%, Al2O3, 14.8%–52.8%, Fe2O3, 1.0%–41.2%, LOI, 3.2%–21.1%, TiO2, 1.0%–6.7%, and MgO, 0.2%–2.5%. The contents of all other major elements are lower than 1.0%. It is shown that the black
shales have higher contents of Fe2O3 and LOI than normal shales. The siderites occurred in the black shales with higher contents of Fe2O3, which may be attributed to hydrothermal activities on seafloor. All analyzed shale samples have extremely high Ga, 47.8×10−6–109.9×10−6 (70.5×10−6 on average), higher than the industrial mining standard of Ga Resource Industry Standard. The total contents of rare-earth
elements (REE) of 9 black shale samples vary from 213×10−6 to 1460×10−6, suggesting that these black shales are enriched in REE. The shale-normalized REE patterns display both positive and negative
Ce anomalies (Ce/Ce* from 0.5 to 1.7), revealing that the Xuanwei shales were precipitated under oxic and anoxic conditions.
The Rb-Sr chronological diagram of 6 shale samples in the Xuanwei Formation shows an age of 255±12 Ma. Strontium isotopic
ratios (87Sr/86Sr)t0 range from 0.70635 to 0.70711, suggesting that these Xuanwei black shales might be derived from chemical weathering of the
Emeishan basalts. 相似文献
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内蒙古东部马鞍山地区发育早石炭世高镁安山岩,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果为346.4±1.4Ma,指示其形成于早石炭世。马鞍山高镁安山岩属于钙碱性岩石系列,SiO_2含量为53.22%~54.22%,MgO为7.21%~10.03%,Al_2O_2为14.37%~15.94%,CaO为4.81%~5.94%,富Na、贫K(Na_2O为3.87%~4.34%、K_2O为0.49%~0.93%)、低TFeO/MgO(1.5)、高Cr(364×10~(-6)~429×10~(-6))、Ni(204×10~(-6)~211×10~(-6))。所有样品均显示轻稀土元素富集,具轻微的负Eu异常,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Ba、Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb、Zr、Ti、Y、Yb、Lu等,地球化学特征与赞岐岩相似。由此可知,马鞍山地区早白垩世高镁安山岩是由地幔橄榄岩与消减洋壳板片部分熔融产生的富Si质熔体平衡反应的产物,暗示其形成于与俯冲消减有关的构造背景,是古亚洲洋闭合过程中洋陆转化的产物。 相似文献
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河南舞阳铁山庙式BIF铁矿的矿物学与地球化学特征及对矿床成因的指示 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
河南舞阳铁矿位于华北克拉通南缘.铁山庙式铁矿是舞阳铁矿的一部分,赋存于新太古界太华杂岩铁山庙组表壳岩中.本文根据铁山庙式铁矿中三种不同类型矿石(条带状石英-辉石-磁铁矿、块状辉石-磁铁矿、块状石英-磁铁矿)中磁铁矿的矿物成分、全岩/矿的主量元素及微量元素特征,探讨铁山庙式铁矿床的成因.磁铁矿单矿物成分分析表明,条带状石英-辉石-磁铁矿矿石中磁铁矿的FeOT含量90.6％ ～93.1％,平均91.8％;块状辉石-磁铁矿矿石中磁铁矿的FeOT含量90.7％～91.2％,平均91.0％;块状石英-磁铁矿矿石中磁铁矿的FeOT含量92.0％～93.0％,平均92.4％.上述平均值均与磁铁矿FeOT的理论值(93.1％)接近.三种类型矿石的其它元素如TiO2、MgO、MnO、CaO、Al2O3 Cr2O3 NiO等含量均＜0.1％,无明显区别,表明该区磁铁矿为含杂质极少的纯磁铁矿,表现出沉积变质成因磁铁矿的特征.矿石中斜方辉石-单斜辉石及近矿围岩紫苏辉石-长石-石英矿物组合,表明铁山庙式矿床经受了高级变质作用,石英、磁铁矿等矿物普遍发生变质重结晶,颗粒粗大,但仍保存原有的地球化学组成.元素地球化学分析显示,三种类型矿石中SiO2 、TiO2 Al2O3、P2O5的含量相近;块状辉石-磁铁矿较其它二者相对贫铁、富钙、镁,这是由于块状辉石-磁铁矿石中富含铁普通辉石和铁次透辉石所致;矿石中TiO2、Al2O3含量都极低,说明该区成岩成矿过程中未受到碎屑物质的混染.三种不同类型矿石的主量元素含量总体上都与世界典型BIF的相近.对于稀土元素,三种类型矿石均具有轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集((La/Yb)PAAS=0.29～0.995＜1),La、Eu、Y的正异常(La/La*=1.10～1.89;Eu/Eu* =1.30～2.23;Y/Y* =1.47～1.84),较高的Y/Ho比值(39.7 ～51.3),具有现代海水及高温热液混合特征.因此,我们认为铁山庙式铁矿三种不同类型的矿石是极少受到陆源碎屑混染的化学沉积成因,虽遭受后期变质作用,但仍属BIF型铁矿. 相似文献
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西天山艾肯达坂二叠纪钾质火山岩的地球化学特征及岩石成因 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
西天山艾肯达坂组中粗安岩和粗面岩富碱(Na2O+K2O8%)、高铝(Al2O313.5%)和低钛(TiO21.31%),具有典型橄榄安粗岩系火山岩的岩石化学特征。两类钾质火山岩的微量元素和同位素地球化学特征差异显著:粗安岩明显富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,具有较高的Sr/Y(29～49)比值和相对较低的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7044～0.7045);而粗面岩大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素的富集程度明显减弱,甚至出现了Sr强烈亏损的现象,它具有较低的Sr/Y(1.74～2.50)比值和相对较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7060～0.7080)。研究结果显示,艾肯达坂组中粗安岩和粗面岩均是后俯冲岩浆作用的产物,但它们分别形成于俯冲演化的不同阶段:粗安岩是后俯冲伸展阶段形成的典型橄榄安粗质碱性基性火山岩,它是富集地幔低程度(熔融程度低于5%)部分熔融的产物,其熔融相以角闪石为主,在残留相中存在着大量的石榴石,因此它具有较高Sr/Y比值;而粗面岩则是后俯冲挤压阶段形成的长英质的碱性火山岩,它是年青下地壳部分熔融的产物,其形成时间早于粗安岩。 相似文献
15.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):239-255
Three types of clinopyroxene megacrysts have been collected from Cenozoic basaltic rocks from Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula in southern China. These megacrysts are dark green, black, and pale green in color, and are classified as Al-augite, Al-rich Fe-Na salite, and endiopside, respectively. Although they have different geochemical compositions, they all exhibit convex-upward, MREE-enriched patterns. The Al-augite megacrysts contain 8.45 to 9.01% Al2O3, 1.26 to 1.59% TiO2, 1.60 to 1.88% Na2O; have Mg# values of 69.5 to 75.4; and possess ΣREE contents of 24.7 to 26.9 ppm. Their LREE contents are enriched relative to the HREE (La/Ybn = 3.05 to 4.09). The Al-rich Fe-Na salite megacrysts have higher FeOT (10.4 to 11.4%) and Na2O (2.07 to 2.78%) contents, and lower Mg' values (54.9 to 59.9), than do the Al-augite megacrysts. They contain high ΣREE contents (29.4 to 41.9 ppm) and have pronounced LREE/HREE enrichment (La/Ybn = 3.86 to 20.6). Their Al2O3 contents (10.1 to 12.2%) are much higher than those of the Al-augite megacrysts (8.45 to 9.01%). One Al-rich Fe-Na salite megacryst has 87Sr/86Sr of 0.702913 ± 25 and 143Nd/144Nd of 0.512939 ± 20. The endiopside megacrysts possess high En and low Fs contents (Mg# values up to 89.3), and are characterized by high Cr2O3 (0.35 to 0.61%) and low Al2O3 (6.38 to 6.98%), TiO2 (0.30 to 0.48%), and ΣREE (7.71 ppm) contents. They have similar values of normalized LREE and HREE (La/Ybn = 1.09). One endiopside megacryst has 87Sr/86Sr of 0.703946 + 40 and 143Nd/144Nd of 0.512816 ± 18. The Al-rich Fe-Na salite megacrysts in this study can be distinguished compositionally from Fe-Na salite megacrysts of previous studies. On the basis of the present study, these megacrysts are considered representative of a distinctive type of megacryst that may have a unique origin. Prior to this, endiopside megacrysts have not been described from alkaline basalts. A total of four types of clinopyroxene megacrysts now can be described from Cenozoic basaltic rocks worldwide—i.e. Al-augite, Fe-Na salite, Al-rich Fe-Na salite, and endiopside. 相似文献
16.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(2):384-398
Geochemical compositions of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shales in the southeastern Yangtze Platform margin were investigated for provenance, tectonic setting, and depositional environment. The shale samples are characterized by higher abundances of large ion lithophile elements (Cs, Ba, and Pb), lower abundances of high field strength elements (Cr, Sc, and Co) and transition elements (Th, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta) relative to average shale. North American shale composition (NASC) -normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns are observed, with negative Ce anomalies, negative Eu anomalies, and positive Y anomalies. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) varies from 68.67–74.93. Alkali and alkaline element contents and CIA values suggest that the source rocks have undergone moderate weathering. The index of compositional variability (ICV), Zr/Sc and Th/Sc ratios vary from 0.53 to 1.07, 5.31 to 8.18 and 0.52–1.02, respectively. ICV values and relationships between Zr/Sc and Th/Sc ratios indicate negligible sedimentary recycling. The Al2O3/TiO2 (14–26) and TiO2/Zr (56–77) ratios imply that the source rocks of the investigated shales had intermediate igneous compositions. However, Cr/V ratios and a La/Th–Hf discrimination diagram suggest that the intermediate compositional signal of the source rocks was derived from a mixture of 75% mafic and 25% felsic igneous rocks rather than intermediate igneous rocks. The major source was the Jiangnan continental island arc with bimodal igneous rocks, lying to the south of the study area, together with a contribution from granites and gneisses uplifted and eroded in the Yangtze Block. Discrimination of tectonic setting using major and trace elements indicates that the source rocks originated in a transitional setting from active continental to passive margin, consistent with the failed intracontinental rift model for the evolution of the South China plate. The Niutitang Formation shales were deposited in a rift basin setting under conditions of anoxic bottom water in a redox-stratified water column, with organic-rich shales prospective for shale-gas production being found in deep-water downslope and basin environments rather than the shallow-water shelf. 相似文献
17.
Mohamed El Mourabet Ahmed Barakat Mohamed Najib Zaghloul Mohamed El Baghdadi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(6):126
This study focuses on the Lower-Middle Miocene syn-orogenic flysch deposits of the Zoumi basin to infer source area paleoclimatic conditions, the intensity of source rocks paleoweathering, and mechanical sorting and recycling effects. The mudrocks are enriched in Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and TiO2 relative to PAAS and depleted in the other mobile major elements. There are high positive correlations between SiO2, Al2O3, and TiO2 and negative correlations between SiO2 and CaO. Geochemically, the mudstones are mainly classified as shales, Fe-shales, and wackes. Various discriminant diagrams were used to reveal the inferred tectonics, source paleoweathering intensity, and paleoclimatic conditions. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) and chemical index of weathering (CIW) values for Lower-Middle Miocene vary from 50 to 80% indicating low to moderate degree of source area weathering compatible with non-steady-state weathering under wet and humid paleoclimatic conditions. Locally (Zoumi mid-section) CIA values are higher (>?80) reflecting intense source area weathering, which may be attributed to high tectonic impulses and more humid conditions during deposition. The combination of ICV-CIA, Al2O3-Zr-TiO2, and Th/Sc-Zr/Sc values suggests the bulk rock is chemically immature and has experienced modest physical sorting and recycling reflecting little transportation until the final deposition. 相似文献
18.
湖南常宁县康家湾铅锌金矿硅化角砾岩岩石地球化学特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
湖南常宁县康家湾铅锌金矿床硅化角砾岩带由未硅化角砾岩—极弱硅化角砾岩—硅化角砾岩—强硅化角砾岩(似硅质岩)组成,产于侏罗系与下伏二叠系间的不整合面附近,角砾成份复杂,充填物和胶结物类型多样。随着硅化程度的加强,硅化角砾岩带SiO2含量变化大,最高可达95.34%,而Al2O3、MgO、FeO、K2O、Na2O、CaO、CO2和P2O5含量特别是MgO、CaO、CO2和P2O5含量明显降低,且K2O>Na2O,TiO2的含量显著偏低。硅化角砾岩带LREE/HREE比值为1.95～4.93,Ce(δCe=0.44～0.81)和Eu(δEu=0.58～0.89)均为弱负异常,属轻稀土富集型,但随硅化程度增高稀土元素含量显著减少:未硅化和弱硅化角砾岩稀土元素总量较高,为(176.82～318.93)×10-10,与当冲组泥质岩配分曲线相似;硅化强烈的角砾岩稀土元素总量低,为(7.71～65.95)×10-10,与下伏栖霞组灰岩稀土元素配分曲线极为相似。结合微量元素F、Ba、Cl、Cr、Ni、Sr、V研究结果及硅化角砾岩带自底部至顶部特有的下粗上细的韵律性层理构造,认为康家湾铅锌金矿床硅化角砾岩带是在地台体制向地洼体制转变期的大地构造环境下,由于地壳快速隆升,二叠纪灰岩、泥质岩、石英砂岩等岩石剥蚀,在古河流环境下搬运、沉积形成的。此 相似文献
19.
对采自北京地区中元古界下马岭组的页岩样品,进行了地球化学研究,结果表明:主量元素Al2O3、Ca O和Na2O含量明显偏低,K2O和Mn O含量稍微偏低,Si O2、Ti O2及Fe2O3T含量同上地壳基本一致。微量元素及其比值特征显示源岩为混合源岩。稀土元素总量较高,轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦,铕明显负异常、铈弱负异常,各样品稀土元素配分模式与大陆上地壳一致,显示了沉积物具有同源性。源岩为来自于内蒙古隆起的花岗岩类、闪长岩类及基性岩的混合。微量元素比值及铈弱负异常的特征表明中元古界下马岭组页岩为覆水较深的还原环境沉积,源区构造背景为大陆岛弧。 相似文献
20.
This paper reports a geochemical study on the major and trace elements and Pb–Sr isotopes of a weathering profile developed in the Lower Cambrian black shales in central Hunan (China). Six weathering horizons were identified and sampled vertically throughout the profile. The chemical composition of the profile consists of variable concentrations of the major elements Fe2O3, FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, and P2O5 and of less variable concentrations of SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, and K2O. The chemical change caused by weathering is estimated by mass-balance calculations, and the results show that the element mobility is characterised by substantial loss of SiO2, FeO, CaO, K2O, Na2O, LOI, Cr, V, Ba, Cs, Rb, Sr, U, and Th, and moderate loss of Al2O3, MgO, Fe2O3, Ni, Cu, Pb, Tl, Sn, Sc, Ge and REE (Y). The high field strength elements TiO2, Sn, Sc, U, Ga, Ge, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta were immobile during weathering. The chemical changes and the Pb–Sr isotopic data suggest that four types of chemical reactions occurred: the oxidation of sulphide minerals (e.g., pyrite) and organic carbon (OS), the dissolution of less resistant clinochlore-Ia, calcite, and P-bearing minerals (DL), the dissolution of detrital albite and microcline (DA), and the transformation of clay (TC) minerals (e.g., muscovite and illite–smectite). These chemical reactions then led to two stages of geochemical processes, an early stage of chemical differentiation and a later stage of chemical homogenisation. The chemical differentiation dominated by the OS, DL, and DA reactions, led to the leaching of mobile elements (e.g., MgO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, Sr, and REE) and the redistribution of some less mobile elements (e.g., SiO2 and Al2O3). In contrast, the chemical homogenisation, which was caused by TC reactions, led to the leaching of both mobile and less mobile elements from the system and ultimately transformed the weathered black shales into soil. Soils derived from black shales in South China might result from the above two geochemical processes. 相似文献