共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
中-新元古界标准剖面蓟县系首获高精度年龄制约——蓟县剖面雾迷山组和铁岭组斑脱岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb同位素定年研究 总被引：13，自引：9，他引：4
近期在蓟县中-新元古界标准剖面铁岭组和雾迷山组首次发现斑脱岩、并测得其锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年龄为~1440Ma(1439±14Ma)和~1485Ma(1483±13Ma和1487±16Ma),这标志着这条传统的标准剖面上以碳酸盐岩为主体的蓟县系上部的两个重要组,从此也获得了直接的、高精度的锆石U-Pb同位素年龄约束。这是华北中-新元古界标准剖面蓟县系相关地层单位首次获得直接而精确的锆石U-Pb同位素年龄约束,也是在整个华北北缘燕山地区雾迷山组内部首次获得精确的直接定年。这一进展为闻名中外的天津蓟县剖面中-新元古界年代地层格架的正确厘定、以及今后继续作为华北该阶段的标准剖面,并与国内外其他地区相关地层的正确对比等,提供了新的、精确的年代学"锚点",因而具有重要的科学和实际意义。 相似文献
2.
北京延庆高于庄组凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb定年研究及其对华北北部中元古界划分新方案的进一步约束 总被引：63，自引：39，他引：24
作者最近在北京延庆高于庄组张家峪亚组上部发现了凝灰岩,并测得了该凝灰岩中锆石1559±12Ma的SHRIMPU-Pb年龄和1560±5Ma的LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb年龄。这一新的高精度定年结果表明,华北北部高于庄组形成于中元古代初期的盖层纪(Calymmian Period,1600~1400Ma)早期。结合早先大红峪组火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄(1622~1625Ma),现在可以确切地将高于庄组的底界年龄限定在1600Ma左右。结合最近在铁岭组斑脱岩获得的锆石U-Pb年龄(~1440Ma),本文再次建议,应将华北中元古界蓟县系的底界下拉到高于庄组底界,自该组底部(1600Ma)到铁岭组顶部(1400Ma)的巨厚碳酸盐岩序列都属于新定义的蓟县系,并对应于国际中元古界的盖层系,高于庄组与大红峪组之间的界线则可作为蓟县系与长城系的分界标志。高于庄组凝灰岩锆石的精确定年,为华北北部中元古界年代地层划分等研究,提供了直接的年代学约束。 相似文献
3.
中扬子宜昌黄花场地区上奥陶统五峰组内出露多层钾质斑脱岩,斑脱岩以伊蒙混层黏土矿物为主,同时含六方双锥石英、锆石、磷灰石及铁质微球粒等,地球化学成分具有高钾、岛弧火山岩的特征。五峰组底部第一层斑脱岩ε_(Nd)(t)为-3.83,锆石U-Pb年龄445.4±2.0Ma,锆石ε_(Hf)(t)介于2.7～7.3之间,加权平均值为4.67±0.89,t_(DM2)值965～1249Ma,加权平均为1127±55Ma。五峰组中第八层斑脱岩ε_(Nd)(t)为-7.92,锆石U-Pb年龄444.1±2.2Ma,锆石ε_(Hf)(t)介于-6.6～-11.2之间,加权平均值为-8.74±0.88,t_(DM2)值1840～2130Ma,加权平均为1973±55Ma。斑脱岩的矿物成分、地球化学元素特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征表明其可能来自于早古生代扬子北缘秦岭地区的火山爆发,同时也限定了临湘组和五峰组界限年龄为(445.4±2.0)Ma,这些斑脱岩的频繁出现预示着晚奥陶世生物灭绝更替等重大地质事件的开端。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘奥陶纪火山活动记录:来自陕甘地区平凉组钾质斑脱岩地球化学和锆石年代学的信息 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘多个奥陶系剖面中出露多层粘土岩。研究表明,这些粘土岩层多为钾质斑脱岩,是火山喷发的凝灰质物质在海相环境下沉积、蚀变的产物,其研究对鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系年代地层格架的重新厘定和周缘火山-岩浆活动事件的确定具有重要意义。本文报道了鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘陕西泾阳西陵沟剖面和甘肃平凉银洞官庄剖面奥陶系平凉组钾质斑脱岩的地球化学特征和锆石U-Pb年龄。主量元素表明其源岩为中酸性岩浆,且所有样品K2O含量大于Na2O含量,显示了富钾质特征;Nb-Zr图解中样品大多落在高钾、亚碱性岩浆范围内。利用在风化过程中不活动元素对钾质斑脱岩的原岩进行了恢复,结果表明其原始岩浆为高钾亚碱性流纹英安岩和粗面安山岩。微量元素特征显示多数样品具有典型的岛弧火山岩的特征。分别对上述二个剖面的4个和2个钾质斑脱岩样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得了变化于449±3Ma~457±3Ma范围的6组谐和年龄,据此将平凉组的沉积时代厘定为晚奥陶世桑比期-凯迪期(Sandbian-Katian)。根据钾质斑脱岩区域分布判断其源于南部北秦岭地区或/和西南部北祁连地区的火山喷发。 相似文献
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南大巴山东段上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组钾质斑脱岩锆石U- Pb年龄及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
奥陶系-志留系之交的钾质斑脱岩分布范围广,发育层位多,是研究该时期地层年代学、事件地层对比、生物大灭绝和冰期事件及源区构造背景分析的理想对象。本文对南大巴山东段鄂渝交界上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组地层中的斑脱岩开展了锆石U-Pb测年,栗子坪剖面(LZP)黑色泥岩中钾质斑脱岩获得了447.9±2.9Ma年龄,燕子剖面(YZ)黑色硅质岩中钾质斑脱岩年龄为450.9±1.6Ma,间接地限定和约束了地层的沉积年龄。岩石地球化学特征显示,燕子剖面斑脱岩SiO_2为53.61%～56.34%,而栗子坪剖面SiO_2为35.56%～43.81%,其低值可能与高铁含量和高烧失量有关;K_2O含量为5.61%～5.47%,且K_2ONa_2O,属钾质斑脱岩。燕子剖面和栗子坪剖面钾质斑脱岩稀土元素含量变化较大,前者ΣREE为46.48×10~(-6)～73.70×10~(-6),平均值63.08×10~(-6),后者ΣREE介于113.34×10~(-6)～356.98×10~(-6)之间,平均值164.08×10~(-6),LREE/HREE和La_N/Yb_N均显示轻、重稀土元素分异不太明显,轻稀土轻微富集的特点;两者均具有明显的Eu负异常,Ba、U、Nb和Ti微量元素分异明显,前者微量元素明显亏损Nb、Ta和Ti(TNT异常)。原岩恢复结果表明LZP钾质斑脱岩的原始岩浆为过碱性粗面安山岩,YZ钾质斑脱岩为高钾碱性流纹岩,表明两者可能属不同期次或不同来源的岩浆岩。构造背景判别图解显示,LZP样品主要落入板内花岗岩内;YZ样品落在火山弧花岗岩/同碰撞花岗岩内。结合大巴山区域地质构造背景,笔者认为～450.9Ma钾质斑脱岩可能与古秦岭洋壳向北的俯冲有关,其火山凝灰质可能源自沿古秦岭洋盆北缘的火山弧喷发;～447.9Ma钾质斑脱岩与板内拉张有关,火山物质可能主要以板内火山喷发为主。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地西北缘奥陶纪凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鄂尔多斯盆地西缘北段奥陶纪剖面中出露有火山凝灰岩夹层,它们是火山喷发的凝灰物质沉积的产物,其研究对于鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶纪年代地层格架的厘定和构造背景的确定有重要意义。本文报道了鄂尔多斯盆地西缘北段乌海地区哈图克沟剖面乌拉力克组顶部火山凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征。锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为454.9±3.4Ma,SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为456.4±4.2Ma,结合古生物地层学,将乌拉力克组的沉积时代厘定为中奥陶世达瑞威尔阶晚期—晚奥陶世桑比阶。锆石原位微区Hf同位素εHf(t)=+4.02~+10.98,n(176Hf)/n(177Hf)值变化范围为0.282 619~0.282 963之间,二阶段模式年龄变化范围为729~1178Ma。根据凝灰岩与研究区周缘造山带的锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征对比判断火山凝灰岩物质应主要来自于其西南方向的北祁连造山带和/或北秦岭造山带。鄂尔多斯盆地西缘和南缘广泛分布的火山凝灰岩具有一致的就位时间和物源,表明盆地西缘和南缘都受到了中—晚奥陶世北祁连和/或北秦岭洋壳俯冲引起的火山弧喷发的影响。 相似文献
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《沉积与特提斯地质》2015,(4)
采用LA-ICP-MS方法,首次对四川西部新元古界苏雄组层型剖面底部豆状熔结凝灰岩进行了锆石U-Th-Pb同位素测定,获得了两组谐和度极高的年龄数据:805.9±4.4 Ma(N=11,MSWD=0.58)和849.4±6.2 Ma(N=6,MSWD=0.34)。其中,805.9±4.4 Ma代表凝灰岩沉积年龄,与前人报道的苏雄组流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄(803±12 Ma)高度一致,进一步约束了苏雄组底部火山喷发的起始年代。构造岩浆热事件分析表明,805.9±4.4Ma代表了华南扬子古大陆800 Ma左右的火山喷发事件;而849.4±6.2 Ma则与Rodinia超大陆初始裂解(~850Ma)的同裂谷岩浆活动相对应。 相似文献
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赣南地区(华夏陆块西缘)早南华世上施组中含多层乳白色、黄绿色凝灰质黏土岩。化学成分分析结果显示富K2O,属钾质斑脱岩;微量元素分析结果显示其源岩为中酸性岩体,源于火山岛弧构造环境。应用LA-ICP-MS对其中的锆石进行U-Pb测年,得到(756.0±7.5)、(774.3±8.5)、(774.1±8.8)Ma 3组谐合年龄。锆石Hf同位素分析显示εHf(t)为-20.1～5.8(正值较少且多出现在774 Ma),其t_(DM2)为130 6～3 030 Ma,表明早期岩浆(774 Ma)具有少量的地幔物质贡献,而晚期岩浆(756 Ma)几乎完全是壳源物质局部熔融的结果。综合构造背景及时限性,认为774～756 Ma间华夏内部还存在洋壳俯冲形成的火山弧岩浆活动,进一步证实扬子与华夏在早南华世还未发生碰撞拼贴。 相似文献
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浙江安吉上奥陶统钾质斑脱岩特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在浙江安吉杭垓地区的上奥陶统黄泥岗组和长坞组分别发现42层和5层钾质斑脱岩夹层,对其中部分斑脱岩开展的X衍射分析显示,其主要成分为石英、伊利石、蒙脱石、高岭石和极少量钠长石;该套斑脱岩具有高钾特征,为钾玄岩系列;稀土元素成分分析显示具有高∑REE含量,轻、重稀土分异明显,具较强负铕异常,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分曲线具有右倾的特征;富集Rb、Th、U、K,亏损Ba、Sr、P等。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年值为453±4~444.7±3.3 Ma。成因地球化学分析显示,这些斑脱岩主要形成于板内构造环境,为晚奥陶世凯迪期广西运动构造—岩浆事件的产物。 相似文献
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黔东南—桂北地区四堡群凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地层学意义 总被引：18，自引：4，他引：14
首次获得黔桂地区晚前寒武纪四堡群凝灰岩(斑脱岩)锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄,结合新获得的侵位于四堡群的花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄,将四堡群明确定位于新元古界。"江南造山带"普遍发育的新元古代四堡群(梵净山群、冷家溪群、双桥山群)和上覆的丹州群(下江群、板溪群、河上镇群)均为低变质绿片岩系,构成了江南古陆的变质基底。多年来四堡群一直划归中元古界,并且构成"四堡运动"的主体,其时代的定位一直影响着整个江南古陆变质基底的地层划分和对比,也制约着中国地质学家对江南造山带的地质背景和成矿条件解疑。通过对四堡群及其上覆地层中斑脱岩锆石的研究,精确地测定并获得了四堡群斑脱岩锆石的年龄841.7Ma±5.9Ma和黔东南摩天岭地区侵入四堡群的花岗岩锆石的年龄826.8Ma±5.9Ma。 相似文献
11.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
12.
山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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14.
扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
15.
16.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
17.
I. A. Tararin V. M. Chubarov E. K. Ignat’ev S. V. Moskaleva 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2007,1(1):82-97
The geology and mineralogy of host metamorphic rocks, the mineralogy of sulfide ores, and the distribution of PGE mineralization were studied in detail for the Kvinum-1 and Kvinum-2 copper-nickel occurrences of the Kvinum ore field, which are the most promising targets for the copper-nickel-PGE mineralization of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka. It was established that stringer-disseminated and massive copper-nickel ores are localized in amphibole peridotites, cortlandites, and form ore bodies varying from tens of centimeters to 5–20 m thick among the layered cortlandite-gabbroid massifs. The massive sulfide ores were found only at the bottom of cortlandite bodies and upsection grade into stringer-disseminated and disseminated ores. Pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and pentlandite are the major ore minerals with a sharply subordinate amount of pyrite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, and löllingite. Besides pentlandite, the Ni-bearing minerals include sulforasenides (gersdorffite), arsenides (nickeline), and tellurides (melonite) of nickel. It was found that PGE mineralization represented by antimonides (sudburyite) and tellurobismuthides (michenerite) of Pd with sharply subordinate platinum arsenide (sperrylite) is confined to the apical parts of massive sulfide zones and the transition zone to the stringer-disseminated ores. Ore intervals enriched in arsenides and tellurides of Ni, Pd, and Bi contain high-purity gold. In the central parts of the orebodies, the contents of PGE and native gold are insignificant. It is suggested that the contents of major sulfide minerals and the productivity of PGE mineralization in the cortlandites are defined by combined differentiation and sulfurization of ultramafic derivatives under the effect of fluids, which are accumulated at the crystallization front and cause layering of parental magmas with different sulfur contents. The fluid-assisted layering of mafic-ultramafic massifs resulted in the contrasting distribution of PGM in response to uneven distribution of sulfur (as well as As, Te, and Bi) during liquid immiscibility. The productivity of PGE mineralization significantly increases with increasing contents of S, As, Te, and Bi (elements to which Pt and, especially, Pd have high affinity) in fluids. 相似文献
18.
以出露在西藏南木林县秦马弄地区二长花岗岩体为研究对象,从野外地质调查、岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、元素和Lu-Hf同位素地球化学等方面对其进行了分析研究。结果显示：秦马弄地区二长花岗岩体类似于A型花岗岩,形成于古近纪(E1),其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(62.0±0.5)~(63.0±0.5) Ma;岩体形成的温度较高(锆石饱和温度为745~805 ℃,平均766 ℃);岩石富SiO2(72.6%~75.0%)、Na2O(2.86%~3.59%)和K2O(4.12%~5.25%),贫CaO(0.72%~1.39%)和MgO(0.26%~0.36%),高FeOT/MgO值(7.26~10.3),属高钾钙碱性系列,弱过铝质;岩石具明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.40~0.70),普遍表现出Ba、Sr、P、Ti元素的亏损和Rb、Th、K、Zr、Hf元素的富集。εHf(t)值为-4.7~-1.8,其两阶段地壳Hf模式年龄tDM2为(1.1~1.3) Ga。秦马弄A型花岗岩体是冈底斯基底地壳物质部分熔融的岩浆产物,形成于古近纪印度板块与欧亚板块俯冲碰撞引起的总体为岛弧背景下的局部拉张构造环境。 相似文献
19.
A geophysical survey was conducted to determine the depth of the base of the water-table aquifer in the southern part of
Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA. Audio-magnetotellurics (AMT) measurements at 77 sites in the study area yielded electrical-resistivity
logs of the subsurface, and these were used to infer lithologic changes with depth. A 100–600 ohm-m geoelectric layer, designated
the Jackson aquifer, was used to represent surficial saturated, unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age. The median depth
of the base of the Jackson aquifer is estimated to be 200 ft (61 m), based on 62 sites that had sufficient resistivity data.
AMT-measured values were kriged to predict the depth to the base of the aquifer throughout the southern part of Jackson Hole.
Contour maps of the kriging predictions indicate that the depth of the base of the Jackson aquifer is shallow in the central
part of the study area near the East and West Gros Ventre Buttes, deeper in the west near the Teton fault system, and shallow
at the southern edge of Jackson Hole. Predicted, contoured depths range from 100 ft (30 m) in the south, near the confluences
of Spring Creek and Flat Creek with the Snake River, to 700 ft (210 m) in the west, near the town of Wilson, Wyoming.
Received, May 1997 · Revised, February 1998 · Accepted, April 1998 相似文献
20.
对巴颜喀拉山年宝玉则花岗岩岩体样品的锆石、磷灰石进行了裂变径迹（FT）分析。结果显示该区的隆升可以分为三大阶段：①从低绿片岩相到锆石时钟启动：从200MaBP到105．57MaBP,去顶量约为2km,样品埋深上升到距地表约6km深度。去顶速率约为0．02mm／a;②从锆石时钟启动到磷灰石时钟启动：由于磷灰石在此时已抬升到距地表约6km的深度。由此到达时钟启动需距地表约3km时,去顶量应为3km,此阶段的持续时间为101．53MaBP,去顶速率约为0．03mm／a：③从磷灰石时钟启动至达到地表（至今）：由于磷灰石在前一阶段也已抬升到距地表约3km的深度。即去顶量为3km。此阶段的持续时间为4．04MaBP,去顶速率约为0．74mm／a。 相似文献