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1.
青藏高原东缘中新生代龙门山前陆盆地动力学及其与大陆碰撞作用的耦合关系 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
位于青藏高原东缘的龙门山前陆盆地是中国典型的前陆盆地之一。自晚三叠世以来,该盆地充填了厚度大于1万余米的海相至陆相沉积物,以不整合面为界可将其划分为6个构造层序,根据几何形态将构造层序区分为两种类型,即楔状构造层序和板状构造层序,其中晚三叠世、晚侏罗世、晚白垩世—古近纪构造层序为楔状构造层序,其余为板状构造层序。研究结果表明楔状构造层序为逆冲构造负载的产物,板状构造层序为走滑剥蚀卸载的产物。本次以晚三叠世前陆盆地为典型的楔状前陆盆地开展了逆冲构造负载系统的弹性挠曲动力学模拟,以晚新生代龙门山前陆盆地为典型的板状前陆盆地开展了与走滑剥蚀卸载系统的弹性挠曲动力学模拟,并计算了龙门山构造负载系统向扬子克拉通的推进速率,结果表明龙门山造山楔的推进速率在早期较快(如晚三叠世最大推进速率达15mm/a),晚期较慢(如晚侏罗世、晚白垩世—古近纪最大推进速率仅为6.7mm/a)。进而推测龙门山幕式逆冲作用的构造驱动力来自于青藏高原中生代以来的基麦里大陆加积碰撞和印度与亚洲板块碰撞作用,其中晚三叠世楔状构造层序是羌塘板块与亚洲大陆碰撞的产物,晚侏罗世楔状构造层序是拉萨板块与亚洲大陆碰撞的产物,晚白垩世—古近纪楔状构造层序是科希斯坦板块、印度板块与亚洲大陆碰撞的产物。 相似文献
2.
鄂尔多斯盆地西南部中奥陶统马家沟组灰岩内部发育多条辉绿岩脉。辉绿岩富集高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr、Hf等,具有板内拉斑玄武岩的地球化学特征,其地球化学数据显示原始岩浆经历过比较强烈的结晶分异演化。对辉绿岩的锆石进行U-Pb LA-ICP-MS测年获得的206Pb/238U年龄为750~195 Ma。根据峰值年龄并结合区域地质资料,本文把辉绿岩的形成年龄确定为224 Ma(晚三叠世)。辉绿岩反映鄂尔多斯盆地西南部在晚三叠世处于类似大陆裂谷的伸展构造环境,晚三叠世西邻陇山地区发生的强烈碰撞后伸展作用也可能有助于进一步强化鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的伸展构造环境。当时该地区岩石圈的稳定性相对较弱,为该地区后续的早侏罗世和早白垩世岩浆活动提供了物质基础。晚三叠世及后期的岩浆活动提高了鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的地温梯度并加快了该地区烃源岩的热演化进程,可能对该地区的油气成藏条件造成潜在影响。 相似文献
3.
南盘江盆地是华南板块西南缘最大的沉积盆地之一。它的构造属性、形成时间及机制长期存在争议,影响着对华南印支造山过程的准确理解。南盘江盆地内除三叠系填充物外,断续出露着古生代碳酸盐岩。这些古生代碳酸盐岩实为三叠纪盆地下伏地层在盆地伸展张开过程中形成的断隆,在这些断隆周边发育有似层状或脉状辉绿岩,记录了南盘江盆地发育初期或早期的地质演化信息。本文用CamecaIMS1280二次离子质谱仪对南盘江盆地东南部八渡辉绿岩中的斜锆石和锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测试,分别获得206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值(269.3±4.2)Ma(95%置信度,N=15,MSWD=0.27)和(265.0±2.9)Ma(95%置信度,N=8,MSWD=0.02),表明八渡辉绿岩侵位于中二叠世沃德期(Wordian;265.1～268.8Ma),指示了南盘江盆地在此时处于伸展构造体制。这与南盘江盆地内广泛发育晚二叠世—早三叠世(258～248 Ma)基性岩浆活动,以及南盘江盆地晚二叠世—早三叠世时期沉积环境由碳酸盐岩台地相沉积快速转变为以浊积扇相为主的深水沉积等地质事实,共同表明南盘江盆地在中二叠世—早三叠世处于伸展构造体制。 相似文献
4.
青藏高原北部可可西里盆地是高原腹地最大的第三纪沉积盆地，分布着厚度达5737.5m的新生代沉积。本文根据遍布整个盆地的野外实测剖面和地质观察点资料，采有典型剖面精确古地磁测年为基础的时间框架，开展沉积层序、岩笥特征、沉环境和古水流变化综合对比研究，将可可西里盆地新生代（约56Ma至约16Ma）划分为7个演化阶段，其中在30Ma至约23Ma期间盆地经历抬升变形，没有沉积作用发生。结果显示，前6个阶段（约56Ma至30Ma），盆地沉积中心逐渐向北、向东迁移，盆地南缘和西缘的构造逆冲作用逐步加强，而且在晚渐新世发生强烈南北向地壳缩短，反映青藏高原腹地早期隆升过程中依靠南北向地壳缩短和北东向逆冲扩展作用来实现的。在早中新世（约23Ma至约16Ma），盆地沉积物遭受低度变形，表明此期间高原以差异隆升为主。 相似文献
5.
蒲圻凤凰山、荆泉山两地晚二叠世晚期至早三叠世地层划分为三个层序：晚二叠世晚期至早三叠世早期的Ⅱ型层序、早三叠世中期的Ⅰ型层序和早三叠世晚期的Ⅱ型层序，该层序划分可与Ｍａｒｚｏｌｆ（１９９３）在ｄｏｌｏｒａｄｏ Ｇｒｅａｔ Ｂａｓｉｎ同期地层的层序划分对比相当。还讨论了副层序组合堆积型式、Ⅰ型或Ⅱ型层序界面及凝缩段的概念理解和实践操作等问题。 相似文献
6.
采用沉降分析的"反剥法",建立了三叠纪右江盆地的构造沉降曲线.该曲线具有4个较清楚的代表沉降加速的坡折,这说明在三叠纪华南板块南缘上曾发生过4次明显的构造负荷的叠加过程,这些坡折之间的构造沉降曲线较平缓,说明主要是热沉降造成.通过对盆地沉降史的定量分析和沉积特征研究,认为华南板块南缘在晚二叠世末期开始由离散边缘转为汇聚边缘,右江盆地也随之从裂谷盆地转为前陆盆地.前陆盆地的构造-沉积演化分为三个阶段(1)早期阶段(晚二叠世长兴末期-中三叠世安尼初期,即251～239 Ma)为初始沉降和非补偿充填阶段;中期阶段(中三叠世安尼早期-晚三叠世卡尼早期,即239～225.5 Ma)主要以浊流沉积充填为特征,并伴有盆缘隆起的形成,且从早到晚盆地沉降中心自南向北推进,而盆缘隆起则由北往南位移;晚期阶段(晚三叠世卡尼晚期-瑞替期,即225.5～210 Ma)盆地由深变浅,并最终被陆相磨拉石沉积覆盖. 相似文献
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8.
鄂东南地区早三叠世大冶群为一套以碳酸岩为主的地层。在发育较全的阳新龙港新屋铺剖面可以划分出10个岩性段。本文着重探讨早三叠世中、晚期的沉积相特征。早三叠世鄂东南地区为下扬子海域的一部分,推测早三叠世早期奉区与赣西北为统一的开放海,可能与分隔华北和扬子大陆的秦岭-大别山海域相连。沉积物以深水盆地相和陆棚相泥质页岩和灰岩为主,夹风暴成因的砾屑灰岩和重力流成因的碎屑灰岩。早三叠世中期,大别山、九岭山古陆成为局限盆地,发育潮坪、渴湖、障壁丘和鲕粒滩;晚期因周期性的海平面变化导致形成局限浅水盆地、蒸发岩沉积和深水盆地泥岩和重力流沉积。这些变化与Haq等人(1988)提出的全球海平面变化曲线相吻合。 相似文献
9.
四川盆地上三叠统构造层序划分及盆地演化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
晚三叠世是四川盆地演化的重要时期。根据野外露头、钻井和地震资料,运用构造层序地层学的思路和方法,对四川盆地上三叠统层序界面、层序划分和层序特征进行深入研究,并建立层序地层格架。研究表明,四川盆地上三叠统可识别出4个层序界面:1)上三叠统与中、下三叠统之间的区域性构造不整合面;2)须二段与小塘子组的分界面;3)须三段与须四段之间的次级构造不整合面;4)三叠系与侏罗系之间的区域性构造不整合面。根据层序界面的发育情况,将研究区划分为3个构造层序,每个层序以最大湖泛面为界,划分为盆地扩张体系域(BE)和盆地收缩体系域(BW)2个体系域。晚三叠世四川盆地的演化主要是川西前陆盆地的演化,其中TS1为边缘前陆盆地演化阶段;TS2为川西前陆盆地形成阶段,龙门山逆冲推覆体开始逆冲推覆;TS3为川西前陆盆地发展阶段,受安县运动的影响,龙门山逆冲褶皱成山,使得整个四川盆地进入了陆相沉积环境。构造运动是控制晚三叠世四川盆地演化的重要因素。 相似文献
10.
蒲圻凤凰山、荆泉山两地晚二叠世晚期至早三叠世地层划分为三个层序：晚二叠世晚期至早三叠世早期的Ⅱ型层序、早三叠世中期的Ｉ型层序和早三叠世晚期的Ⅲ型层序。该层序划分可与Ｍａｒｚｏｌｆ（１９９３）在ｃｏｌｏｒａｄｏＧｒｅａｔＢａｓｉｎ同期地层的层序划分对比相当。还讨论了副层序组合堆积型式、Ｉ型或Ⅱ型层序界面及凝缩段的概念理解和实践操作等问题。 相似文献
11.
Triassic Sequence Stratigraphy and Sea-Level Changes in Qomolongma Area, Southern Tibet,China: From Epicontinental Sea to Rift Basin 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Shi Xiaoying Faculty of Earth Sciences Land Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)
INTRODUCTIONThe Qomolongm a area was paleogeographically situatedon the northern margin of the Indian plate and was part of theGondwana continent in the Mesozoic.In the latest MiddlePermian(late Capitanian) due to the formation of the Pangeasupercontinent,the area was uplifted significantly,resultingin an overall regression and an eminentdisconformity atca2 5 8Ma.During mosttim e of the L ate Perm ian,the Qomolongm aarea was subject to erosion and free of deposit (Shi et al.,1996 ;L … 相似文献
12.
关于创口海百合(Traumatocrinus)的分类、分布及古生态 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在中国贵州关岭地区晚三叠世(卡尼期)小凹组(=瓦窑组)海生爬行动物和海百合化石库中产有大量完好保存的创口海百合(Traumatocrinus)(棘皮动物门,海百合纲)化石。根据对此类海百合分类、分布和形态构造及古生态的研究,特别是大量完好保存、且附着在漂浮木头上的群体化石标本的发现,进一步证明这种外形似海百合花的创口海百合营假浮游的生活方式。这类特化的海百合分枝起源于另一类底栖中三叠世石莲海百合科,很快占领了卡尼期初期的生态境,至卡尼期末创口海百合衰退以后,它的生态境在诺利期时为形态发生的趋同变异的链海百合(Seirocrinus)和五角海百合(Pentacrinites)所占领。 相似文献
13.
昌都地区三叠纪岩相古地理演化可划分为5个阶段,各阶段的古构造与古地理格架既有继承性,又有差异性。早三叠世承袭了晚二叠世末期的古地理,古陆面积扩大,海域沉积只占据狭窄部分,并且从这个时期起,已展现出弧－盆体系中的岛、海格架雏形;中三叠世沿袭了早三叠世弧－盆体系,弧内盆地发生强烈拗陷,堆积了巨厚的多物源浊积岩与幕式弧火山岩;晚三叠世卡尼早期因东侧金沙江洋的消亡,发育磨拉石沉积,仅在局部地区表现为陆棚→斜坡→盆地沉积;晚三叠世诺利早期,全区范围内发生一次规模空前的海侵,碳酸盐沉积向东西两侧古陆超覆,弧－盆区岛海格局从此消失;晚三叠世诺利晚期以后,海水自东向西退出,海陆过渡相与滨岸陆屑沉积广泛覆盖全区。研究表明,三叠纪时昌都地区曾经存在着一个类似于现今印度尼西亚岛、海的古地理格局。 相似文献
14.
In South-East Asia, sedimentary basins displaying continental Permian and Triassic deposits have been poorly studied. Among these, the Luang Prabang Basin (North Laos) represents a potential key target to constrain the stratigraphic and structural evolutions of South-East Asia. A combined approach involving sedimentology, palaeontology, geochronology and structural analysis, was thus implemented to study the basin. It resulted in a new geological map, in defining new formations, and in proposing a complete revision of the Late Permian to Triassic stratigraphic succession as well as of the structural organization of the basin. Radiometric ages are used to discuss the synchronism of volcanic activity and sedimentation.The Luang Prabang Basin consists of an asymmetric NE-SW syncline with NE-SW thrusts, located at the contact between Late Permian and Late Triassic deposits. The potential stratigraphic gap at the Permian–Triassic boundary is therefore masked by deformation in the basin. The Late Triassic volcaniclastic continental deposits are representative of alluvial plain and fluvial environments. The basin was fed by several sources, varying from volcanic, carbonated to silicic (non-volcanic). U–Pb dating of euhedral zircon grains provided maximum sedimentation ages. The stratigraphic vertical succession of these ages, from ca. 225, ca. 220 to ca. 216 Ma, indicates that a long lasting volcanism was active during sedimentation and illustrates significant variations in sediment preservation rates in continental environments (from ∼100 m/Ma to ∼3 m/Ma). Anhedral inherited zircon grains gave older ages. A large number of them, at ca. 1870 Ma, imply the reworking of a Proterozoic basement and/or of sediments containing fragments of such a basement. In addition, the Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian) sediments yielded to a new dicynodont skull, attributed to the Kannemeyeriiform group family, from layers dated in between ∼225 and ∼221 Ma (Carnian). 相似文献
15.
THE EVOLUTION OF LANPING RIFT BASIN FROM LADINIAN IN MIDDLE TRIASSIC EPOCH TO EARLY JURASSIC EPOCH 相似文献
16.
We report here U-Pb age and in situ Hf isotopic results for detrital and magmatic zircons from one conglomerate and four tuffite samples from the Late Triassic Nadigangri Formation across the North Qiangtang depression, Tibet. Coupled with previously published data in the region, this paper proposes new insights into the geochronological framework for the Nadigangri Formation. The deposition ages of tuffite from top to bottom in the Woruo Mountain, Quem Co and Dongqu River, are 203 Ma, 226 Ma, 221.5 Ma and 221.1 Ma, respectively. The detrital zircons yield a younger cluster of ages of 201.5–225 Ma from the conglomerate of the Quem Co Formation. The Late Triassic Nadigangri Formation defines a temporal range approximately between 201 and 225 Ma(Norian-Rhaetian), including three predominant groups of 220–225 Ma, 210–217 Ma and 201–205 Ma, which correspond with the three main rifting episodes of initial rifting, further rifting and final rifting. Positive εHf(t) value and low model ages in younger detrital zircons suggests a juvenile character. However, the Hf isotopes of magmatic zircons display the presence of reworked ancient crust with 1.1–1.8 Ga. These results provide strong constraints not only on the temporal range of the Late Triassic Nadigangri Formation, but also on the onset of the Qiangtang Mesozoic rift basin. 相似文献
17.
楚雄盆地是一中生代前陆盆地，发展过程有两个阶段：晚三叠世卡尼期至诺利期为前陆复理石充填期；诺利晚期至瑞替期为前陆磨拉石充填期。相应的形成两个二级层序和四个三级层序。层序的构型显然与造山过程耦合。哀牢山前缘逆冲带推进的速度控制着楚雄盆地基底挠曲幅度，因而决定了盆地的沉降率；逆冲带隆升幅度则决定了陆源区的物源供给量。由于可容空间和物源供给率是控制盆地层序地层格架的两个基本因素，因此前陆逆冲载荷的迁移就是控制层序地层的关键。作者以盆地中的充填层序反馈哀牢山造山作用的特点和过程：早、中期，盆地中以向上变深的二级沉积层序代表了哀牢山道冲的初始价段，逆冲载荷达到盆地拉张变薄的基底上，前陆挠曲幅度大，造山带抬升的相对高度较低。晚期，盆地中以向上变浅的二级沉积层序代表了逆冲载有推进到克拉通基底上，地壳挠由受阻，物源供给量加大。三级沉积层序的相互叠量则反映了造山带多幕次、多周期活动的特点。 相似文献
18.
Triassic stratigraphy,facies and evolution of the Arabian shelf in the northern United Arab Emirates
Florian Maurer Roberto Rettori Rossana Martini 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(4):765-784
This study provides a reconstruction of the Late Permian and Triassic depositional history of the Arabian shelf in the northern
United Arab Emirates based on facies analysis and foraminiferal biostratigraphy. The presented data show that sedimentation
occurred in three major sequences. From the Late Permian to Olenekian carbonates and evaporites were deposited in restricted
lagoons and tidal flats. After a hiatus, sedimentation resumed and continued until the Late Ladinian/Carnian, leading to the
deposition of a carbonate platform dominated by peritidal dolostones. A period of shelf exposure and erosion, spanning from
the Carnian to Norian, was followed by the third major sequence with sedimentation into the Early Jurassic. During this third
depositional sequence sedimentation changed from pure carbonate into mixed carbonate–siliciclastic deposits. This transition
reflects the global regression of the sea in the Late Triassic (Triasina hantkeni Zone) and the increased erosion of large parts of the Arabian hinterland. A comparison of the evolution of the Arabian shelf
in the study area with chronostratigraphic reference schemes for the Arabian Plate reveals remarkable differences in the distribution
of Middle and Upper Triassic sequences. These are most likely the result of poor biostratigraphic control on previously studied
formations in the region. 相似文献
19.
三叠纪充填的一套碳酸盐岩—碎屑岩地层,被划分为两个超层序和5个层序单元。超层序Ⅰ以复理石建造为特征,是金沙江缝合带初始碰撞作用的产物,是唐古拉山地区三叠纪前陆盆地早期挠曲沉降构造活动的沉积响应,标志着晚三叠世诺利期前陆盆地业已形成;超层序Ⅱ以磨拉石与酸性火山岩建造为特征,是前陆盆地晚期冲断抬升构造演化的沉积响应,表明晚三叠世瑞替期来自造山带的沉积物开始越过前陆隆起向隆后盆地迁移。 相似文献
20.
The 87Sr/86Sr values based on brachiopods and conodonts define a nearly continuous record for the Late Permian and Triassic intervals. Minor gaps in measurements exist only for the uppermost Brahmanian, lower part of the Upper Olenekian, and Middle Norian, and only sparse data are available for the Late Permian. These 219 measurements include 67 brachiopods and 114 conodont samples from the Tethyan realm as well as 37 brachiopods and one conodont sample from the mid-European Middle Triassic Muschelkalk Sea. The Late Permian/Lower Triassic interval is characterized by a steep 1.3 × 10−3 rise, from 0.7070 at the base of the Dzhulfian to 0.7082 in the late Olenekian, a rate of change comparable to that in the Cenozoic. In the mid-Triassic (Anisian and Ladinian), the isotope values fall to 0.7075, followed again by a rise to 0.7081 in the Middle/Late Norian. The 87Sr/86Sr values decline again in the Late Norian (Sevatian) and Rhaetian to 0.7076.The sharp rise in the 87Sr/86Sr values during the Late Permian/Early Triassic was coincident with widespread clastic sedimentation. Because of the paucity of tectonic uplifts, the enhanced erosion may have been due to intermittent humid phases, during mainly an arid interval, coupled with the absence of a dense protective land plant cover following the mass extinction during the latest Permian. The apex of the 87Sr/86Sr curve at the Olenekian/Anisian boundary coincides with cessation of the large-scale clastic sedimentation and also marks the final recovery of land vegetation, as indicated by the renewed onset of coal formation in the Middle Triassic. The rising 87Sr/86Sr values from the Middle Carnian to the Late Norian coincide with the uplift and erosion of the Cimmeride-Indosinian orogens marking the closure of the Palaeotethys. The subsequent Rhaetian decline that continues into Jurassic (Pliensbachian/Toarcian boundary), on the other hand, coincides with the opening of the Vardar Ocean and its eastern continuation in the Izmir-Ankara Ophiolitic Belt.Samples from the Upper Muschelkalk are more radiogenic than the global trend. This may reflect separation of the basin from the open ocean. Due to strong meteoric influx from a large land mass in the north, the Germanic Basin became increasing brackish up section in the north and east, but because of the high evaporation rates, the salt content was not much reduced in the southern and central basin where a rich, but increasingly endemic, marine fauna survived. 相似文献