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位于华北克拉通中部造山带内部的五台杂岩与毗邻的阜平、恒山杂岩是最经典的前寒武纪地质研究地区。被认为该地区最年轻的地质单元滹沱群不整合覆盖于五台和阜平杂岩之上。近来的工作越来越显示出滹沱群对于该地区乃至整个中部造山带的构造演化的重要性。然而对滹沱群沉积岩物源的缺乏认识阻碍了对该区沉积环境和构造意义的进一步研究。本文利用LA-ICP-MS,从滹沱群最底部的花岗质砾岩中获取了U-Pb锆石年龄,结合前人的地层学、地质年代学、构造地质学以及变质作用研究,对该地区底砾岩的沉积物源及大地构造演化提供了新的制约。滹沱群自下而上由底砾岩和火山碎屑岩(豆村亚群)、碎屑岩、板岩、白云岩和大理岩(东冶亚群)以及砂岩和另外一套出露于顶部的砾岩(郭家寨亚群)组成。来自于滹沱群底砾岩的花岗质砾石中的锆石获得了2517~2566Ma的207Pb/206Pb权重年龄,与五台新太古代的花岗岩(2566~2515Ma)年龄一致,说明这些花岗质砾石来源于五台新太古代花岗岩。结合前人的研究,滹沱群很有可能代表了一个发育在西部陆块向东部陆块俯冲过程中与俯冲相关的弧后前陆盆地。该盆地在约1850Ma华北克拉通最终碰撞拼合事件过程中闭合。滹沱群花岗质砾岩的... 相似文献
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于田县幅、伯力克幅地质调查新成果及主要进展 总被引：2，自引：9，他引：2
发现其曼于特早古生代蛇绿混杂岩带和二叠纪普鲁-阿羌裂谷型火山岩带。确定苏巴什蛇绿混杂岩带的形成时代为石炭纪-中二叠世。查明阿尔金断裂延人西昆仑表现为转换断层的性质。认为其曼于特蛇绿混杂岩与库地蛇绿岩相当，代表震旦纪-早古生代原特提斯多岛洋内亲塔里木板块的小洋盆；苏巴什蛇绿混杂岩带归属于晚古生代古特提斯沟-弧-盆体系，为弧后陆缘小洋盆消减的产物，该盆地于中二叠世末褶皱，代表晚古生代弧-陆碰撞后的大陆增生；晚二叠世-三叠纪沉积及巴颜喀拉山群奠基于特提斯洋盆之上，在接受大量陆缘碎屑沉积的同时向北侧的古生代增生造山带之下俯冲，形成了昆仑山最南侧、规模最大的晚三叠世-侏罗纪二长花岗岩带，并最终实现洋-陆转化。 相似文献
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发现其曼于特早古生代蛇绿混杂岩带和二叠纪普鲁-阿羌裂谷型火山岩带.确定苏巴什蛇绿混杂岩带的形成时代为石炭纪-中二叠世.查明阿尔金断裂延入西昆仑表现为转换断层的性质.认为其曼于特蛇绿混杂岩与库地蛇绿岩相当,代表震旦纪-早古生代原特提斯多岛洋内亲塔里木板块的小洋盆;苏巴什蛇绿混杂岩带归属于晚古生代古特提斯沟-弧-盆体系,为弧后陆缘小洋盆消减的产物,该盆地于中二叠世末褶皱,代表晚古生代弧-陆碰撞后的大陆增生;晚二叠世-三叠纪沉积及巴颜喀拉山群奠基于特提斯洋盆之上,在接受大量陆缘碎屑沉积的同时向北侧的古生代增生造山带之下俯冲,形成了昆仑山最南侧、规模最大的晚三叠世-侏罗纪二长花岗岩带,并最终实现洋-陆转化. 相似文献
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五台山及与之毗连的太行山、恒山,发育着四套早前寒武纪变质岩系.浅变质的滹沱群以巨厚的底砾岩不整合在五台群之上.高角闪岩相的恒山杂岩是五台群深变质及部分熔融的产物,以火山岩为主体的中浅变质的五台群向东推覆在浅海碳酸盐建造的经受高角闪岩相变质的阜平群之上,两者属同时异相的沉积.它们之间的推覆韧性剪切带被过去认为是五台群底部碎屑岩(实系滹沱群下部地层)所沉积不整合。 恒山杂岩和阜平群中大面积分布着五台期侵入的灰色片麻岩.有证据表明五台群、阜平群及恒山杂岩都是在2800Ma结晶基底上发育起来,同时在2500Ma遭受褶皱,变质并被灰色片麻岩所侵入。 相似文献
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华南中部中新元古代造山带构造演化探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
华南中部中新元古代造山带可以划分为5个地质构造单元：乐平-歙县构造混杂岩亚带、万年海相-滨海相沉积-火山沉积建造、赣东北蛇绿混杂岩亚带、怀玉火山-火山碎屑岩系、东乡-龙游混杂岩亚带。通过对不同构造单元形成大地构造环境分析，认为它们分别形成于火山弧-弧后盆地、弧间盆地、大洋岛弧、洋中脊、火山岛弧、弧前盆地等大地构造环境；华南中部中新元古代造山带属陆-弧-弧-陆碰撞造山带，发育在汇聚型板块边缘地带，古洋盆为一个多岛洋体系。中元古代末期(约1024Ma)古华南多岛洋开始关闭，大约在850Ma左右，整个古华南多岛洋最终关闭。 相似文献
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根据造山带地层学地层划分原则,“龙泉关群”可划分为两个性质截然不同的地层单元:其一是“龙泉关构造岩层”,为构造地层单元;其二是“跑泉厂变沉积岩组”,属经典地层单元。前者经历了至少两期变形、变质作用,保留着走向近SN和近EW两组矿物拉伸线理以及角闪岩相和角闪岩相→绿片岩相退变质特征;后者仅发育有一组走向近SN矿物拉伸线理和一期绿片岩相变质作用。这表明:(1)“龙泉关群”实际上包含着两个世代不同的地层单元,应予解体。其中,“龙泉关构造岩层”形成于晚太古代末期,属于“阜平古陆块”刚性基底一部分;“跑泉厂变沉积岩组”的地层层位相当于“五台群”,是“阜平古陆块”西北陆缘带沉积,时代归属早元古代早、中期。(2)“龙泉关群”不是由一个统一的应力场同时形成的一套构造岩,因而不应将其作为一个大型韧性剪切带。(3)“龙泉关群”构成五台碰撞造山带前陆地区的活化基底和活化盖层两个大地构造相。“龙泉关群”的解体及其地层时代的重新厘定支持“板峪口组应归属滹沱群一部分”和“铁堡运动即为五台运动”的看法。 相似文献
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碧土地区怒江缝合带由二叠纪—早三叠世蛇绿混杂岩和志留纪─晚三叠世不同类型沉积岩构成的蛇绿─构造混杂带所组成。带中零星出现的蓝闪石、３Ｔ型多硅白云母等组合表明为中高压变质带,以逆冲断裂、褶皱构造构成的双向背冲叠瓦构造为变形特征。该带经历了６个阶段的演化,最终将冈底斯─念青唐古拉陆块和亲扬子的昌都陆块缝合在一起,形成了现今两弧夹一带之构造格局。 相似文献
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台湾造山带是中新世晚期以来相邻菲律宾海板块往北西方向移动,导致北吕宋岛弧系统及弧前增生楔与欧亚大陆边缘斜碰撞形成的。目前该造山带仍在活动,虽然规模很小,但形成了多数大型碰撞造山带中的所有构造单元,是研究年轻造山系统的理想野外实验室,为理解西太平洋弧-陆碰撞过程和边缘海演化提供了一个独特的窗口。本文总结了二十一世纪以来对台湾造山带的诸多研究进展,讨论了其构造单元划分及演化过程。我们将台湾造山带重新划分为6个构造单元,由西至东分依次为:(1)西部前陆盆地;(2)中央山脉褶皱逆冲带;(3)太鲁阁带;(4)玉里-利吉蛇绿混杂岩带;(5)纵谷磨拉石盆地;(6)海岸山脉岛弧系统。其中,西部前陆盆地为6.5Ma以来伴随台湾造山带的隆升剥蚀形成沉积盆地。中央山脉褶皱逆冲带为新生代(57~5.3Ma)欧亚大陆东缘伸展盆地沉积物由于弧-陆碰撞受褶皱、逆冲及变质作用改造形成的。太鲁阁带是造山带中的古老陆块,主要记录中生代古太平洋俯冲在欧亚大陆活动边缘形成的岩浆、沉积和变质岩作用。玉里-利吉蛇绿混杂岩带和海岸山脉岛弧系统分别为中新世中期(~18Ma)以来南中国海板块向菲律宾海板块之下俯冲形成的岛弧和弧前增生楔,其中玉里混杂岩中有典型低温高压变质作用记录,变质年龄为11~9Ma;岛弧火山作用的主要时限为9.2~4.2Ma。纵谷磨拉石盆地记录1.1Ma以来的山间盆地沉积。台湾造山带的构造演化可划分为4个阶段:(a)古太平洋板块俯冲与欧亚大陆边缘增生阶段(200~60Ma);(b)欧亚大陆东缘伸展和南中国海扩张阶段(60~18Ma);(c)南中国海俯冲阶段(18~4Ma);(d)弧-陆碰撞阶段(<6Ma)。台湾弧-陆碰撞造山带是一个特殊案例,其弧-陆碰撞并不伴随着弧-陆之间的洋盆消亡,而是由于北吕宋岛弧及弧前增生楔伴随菲律宾海板块运动向西北方走滑,仰冲到欧亚大陆边缘,形成现今的台湾造山带。 相似文献
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江南造山带北缘鄣源构造带主要地质特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
鄣源构造带现今呈北东—南西向展布的混杂新元古代早期基性岩块以韧性变形构造为显著特点,并强烈叠加印支—燕山期逆冲-走滑脆性断裂的区域性超壳断裂带.构造带历经多期构造变形,主期构造变形以晋宁期弧-陆(扬子陆块)碰撞在地壳内部层圈结构相对薄弱部位形成的向南逆冲式韧性变形为特征.鄣源构造带中的蚀变枕状—块状基性熔岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩等基性岩块在空间上紧密相伴,形成于低速扩张的陆缘小洋盆扩张脊环境,具初始洋壳基性岩特征,属皖南伏川蛇绿岩西延组成部分.鄣源构造带及其两侧广布的新元古代早期火山-沉积建造体形成于大陆边缘与板块构造体制相关的构造-沉积环境,鄣源构造带南侧为裂解海盆沉积体系,北侧属于与大陆边缘火山弧有关的盆地沉积体系,鄣源构造带内显示深海—半深海沉积特征.鄣源构造带北东、南西向延伸分别与皖南伏川蛇绿混杂岩带及景德镇-宜丰深断裂带相接,是江南造山带北缘以皖南伏川蛇绿岩为代表的新元古代早期陆缘小洋盆俯冲-碰撞拼合带的重要组成部分. 相似文献
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五台山晚太古代碰撞造山带的变质作用演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
五台山晚太古代碰撞造山带的三个构造岩片组成，即南部构造岩片－弧前混杂岩带，中部构造岩片－岛弧系和北部构造岩片－弧后混杂岩带，其间以大型逆冲型韧性剪切带相拼合。对三个构造岩片的矿物共生组合及变质反应研究，确定其具有相似的造山型ＰＴｔ轨迹，变质早期对峰期明显的升温升压过程与地壳的拼合作用有关，变质峰期至晚期的近等温降压过程与地壳的纵向伸展作用相联系，三个构造岩片变质程度的差异是由于其所处的大地构造位置不同造成的。 相似文献
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Paleozoic Accretion-Collision Events and Kinematics of Ductile Deformation in the Eastern Part of the Southern-Central Tianshan Belt, China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The Tianshan range could have been built by both late Early Paleozoic accretion and Late Paleozoic collision events. The late Early Paleozoic Aqqikkudug-Weiya suture is marked by Ordovician ophiolitic melange and a Silurian flysch sequence, high-pressure metamorphic relics, and mylonitized rocks. The Central Tianshan belt could principally be an Ordovician volcanic arc; whereas the South Tianshan belt, a back-arc basin. Macro- and microstructures, along with unconformities, provide some kinematic and chronological constraints on 2-phase ductile deformation. The earlier ductile deformation occurring at ca. 400 Ma was marked by north-verging ductile shearing, yielding granulite-bearing ophiolitic melange blocks and garnet-pyroxene-facies ductile deformation, and the later deformation, a dextral strike-slip tectonic process, occurred during the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian. Early Carboniferous molasses were deposited unconformably on pre-Carboniferous metamorphic and ductilely sheared rocks, implying t 相似文献
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古元古代是华北克拉通构造演化的关键时期,主要体现在由新太古代大陆地壳垂向增生到古元古代侧向增生的转换。华北中部构造带的构造性质是近年来华北克拉通构造演化研究争论的焦点之一,构造带中段出露恒山、五台和阜平等多个前寒武纪变质杂岩,其中发育多条大型韧性剪切带,这些剪切带的主期活动时代均为1. 85～1. 80Ga。本文以这些剪切带为构造边界将变质杂岩划分为恒山地块、繁峙地块、五台地块和阜平地块,并在早期研究中解析了繁峙地块构造挤入事件和阜平地块西部的伸展构造事件,表明这些前寒武纪地块的构造位置在古元古代末前后可能有所不同。结合前人资料,本文对这些地块的岩石组成、形成时代、变质作用以及典型构造样式等特征进行详细对比研究。结果表明,恒山地块、阜平地块和五台地块共同组成华北克拉通早前寒武纪"高级区-绿岩带"的典型壳层结构,而繁峙地块与其他地块具有明显差异,具有外来地块特征。 相似文献
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义敦岛弧是喜马拉雅巨型造山带中的一个复合造山带,它经历了印支期洋壳俯冲造山、燕山湖弧-陆碰撞和喜马拉雅期陆内走滑作用诸演化历史。可能由于洋壳板片俯冲角度不同,义敦晚三叠世古岛弧带(206～237 Ma)南北两段具有不同的发育历史,北段昌台弧以发育孤间裂谷为特色,具张性弧特征,发育扩张环境流体聚敛成矿系统,形成VMS型Zn-Pb-Cu矿床和浅成低温热液型Ag-Au-Hg矿床;南段中甸弧不发育弧后盆地,但广泛发育钙碱性弧火山岩-玢岩-斑岩杂岩系和挤压环境岩浆-流体成矿系统,形成斑岩型-夕卡岩型铜多金属矿床。在三叠纪-侏罗纪之交的弧-陆碰撞作用中,早期大陆板片俯冲形成同碰撞花岗岩带(约200 Ma),晚期造山后伸展作用,形成A型花岗岩带(75～138 Ma),伴随扬子大陆板片俯冲而发生的强烈剪切和推覆,在甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂带发育挤压剪切环境流体聚敛成矿系统,形成剪切带型金矿。伴随造山后伸展和A型花岗岩侵位,发育伸张环境岩浆-流体聚敛成矿系统,主要形成夕卡岩型锡矿和构造破碎带热浪脉型银多金属矿床。印度-亚洲大陆碰撞在义敦造山带主要表现为陆内走滑作用,并控制碱性花岗岩和花岗斑岩的发育(50～30 Ma),伴随斑岩型金矿的形成。 相似文献
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《Gondwana Research》2011,19(4):611-631
The Trans-North China Orogen separates the North China Craton into two small continental blocks: the Eastern and Western Blocks. As one of the largest exposure in the central part of the orogen, the Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping Complexes consist of four lithotectonic units: the Wutai, Hengshan and Fuping Complexes and the Hutuo Group. The Hengshan Complex contains high pressure mafic granulites and retrograded eclogites. Structural analysis indicates that most of the rocks in these complexes underwent three distinct episodes of folding (D1 to D3) and two stages of ductile thrust shearing (STZ1 between D1 and D2 and STZ2 after D3). The D1 deformation formed penetrative axial planar foliations (S1), mineral stretching lineations (L1), and rarely-preserved small isoclinal folds (F1) in the Hengshan and Fuping Complexes. In the Wutai Complex, however, large-scale F1 recumbent folds with SW-vergence are displayed by sedimentary compositional layers. Penetrative transposition resulted in stacking of thrust sheets which are separated by ductile shear zones (STZ1). The kinematic indicators of STZ1 in the Hengshan and Wutai Complexes show top-to-the-S230°W thrusting likely related to northeastward, oblique pre-collisional subduction. D1 resulted in crustal thickening with resultant prograde peak metamorphism. The Hutuo Group did not undergo the D1 deformation, either because sedimentation was coeval with the D1 deformation or because it was at a high structural level and was not influenced directly by the early deformation. The D2 deformation produced NW-verging asymmetric and recumbent folds. The D2 deformation is interpreted to have resulted from collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks of the North China Craton. In the Hutuo Group and the Fuping Complex, the development of ESE-verging asymmetric tight folds is associated with D2. The structural pattern resulting from superimposition of D1 and D2 is a composite synform in the Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping Complexes. All four lithotectonic units were superposed during the later D3 deformation. The D3 deformation developed NW-trending open upright folds. Ongoing collision led to development of transpressional ductile shearing (STZ2), forming the transpressional Zhujiafang dextral ductile shear zone between the northern Hengshan Complex and the southern Hengshan Complex, and generating the sinistral Longquanguan ductile shear zone between the Fuping Complex and the Wutai Complex, respectively. The STZ1 and D2 deformation were possibly responsible for fast syn-collisional exhumation of the high pressure mafic granulites and retrograded eclogites. The structural patterns and elucidation of the deformation history of the Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping Complexes places important constraints on the tectonic model suggesting that an oceanic lithosphere between the Eastern and Western Blocks underwent northeastward-directed oblique subduction beneath the western margin of the Eastern Block, and that the final closure of this ocean led to collision between the two blocks to form the coherent basement of the North China Craton. 相似文献
17.
The Wutai greenstone belt in central North China Craton(NCC) hosts a number of Precambrian gold deposits and ore occurrences. Based on the host rock association, these can be divided into Banded Iron Formation(BIF), meta-volcano-sedimentary and meta-conglomerate types. The two former types formed during ~2.5-2.3 Ga and the third one at ~1.85 Ga. The characteristics of these Precambrian gold deposits are broadly similar with those of the orogenic gold deposits. Based on available geochronological data, here we reconstruct the major tectonic events and their relationship with gold mineralization in the Wutai-Hengshan-Fuping region during Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic as follows.(1)~2.6-2.5 Ga: widespread intrusion of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG) magmas in the Hengshan terrane and Fuping continental arc, formation of the Wutai volcanic arc in the southern margin of Hengshan terrane with granitoids emplacement, and the Hengshan-Wutai intra-oceanic arc accretion to the Fuping arc at the end of Neoarchean.(2) ~ 2.5-2.3 Ga: the subduction of Hengshan arc from north leading to persistent magmatism and orogenic gold mineralization.(3)~2.2-2.1 Ga:extension leading to the formation of graben structure in the Wutai and Fuping region, deposition of the Hutuo and Wanzi Group sediments, formation of placer gold through erosion of the orogenic gold deposits.(4)~2.2-2.0 Ga: widespread magmatism in the Wutai-Hengshan-Fuping region.(5)~1.95-1.8 Ga: regional metamorphism associated with collision of the Western and Eastern Blocks of the NCC and associated orogenic gold deposits. The multiple subduction-accretion-collision history and subsequent deep erosion has significantly affected most of the Precambrian gold deposits in the Wutai greenstone belt. 相似文献
18.
An arguable point regarding the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution of the North China Craton（NCC）is whether the tectonic setting in the central belt during the mid-Paleoproterozoic（2.35-2.0 Ga）was dominated by an extensional regime or an oceanic subduction-arc regime.A review of the midPaleoproterozoic magmatism and sedimentation for the Hengshan-Wutai-Fuping region suggests that a back-arc extension regime was dominant in this region.This conclusion is consistent with the observation that the 2.35-2.0 Ga magmatism shows a typical bimodal distribution where the mafic rocks mostly have arc affinities and the acidic rocks mainly comprise highly-fractioned calc-alkaline to alkaline（or A-type）granites,and that this magmatism was coeval with development of extensional basins characteristic of transgressive sequences with volcanic interlayers such as in the Hutuo Group.Although the final amalgamation of the NCC was believed to occur at ～1.85 Ga,recent zircon U-Pb age dating for mica schist in the Wutai Group suggests a collisional event may have occurred at ～1.95 Ga.The metamorphic ages of ～1.85 Ga,obtained mostly from the high-grade rocks using the zircon U-Pb approach,most probably indicate uplifting and cooling of these high-grade terranes.This is because（i）phase modeling suggests that newly-grown zircon grains in highgrade rocks with a melt phase cannot date the age of peak pressure and temperature stages,but the age of melt crystallization in cooling stages;（ii）the metamorphic P-T paths with isobaric cooling under 6-7 kb for the Hengshan and Fuping granulites suggest their prolonged stay in the middle-lower crust;and（iii）the obtained metamorphic age data show a continuous distribution from 1.95 to 1.80 Ga.Thus,an alternative tectonic scenario for the Hengshan-Wutai-Fuping region involves：（i）formation of a proto-NCC at ～2.5 Ga;（ii）back-arc extension during 2.35-2.0 Ga resulting in bimodal magmatism and sedimentation in rifting basins on an Archean basement;? 相似文献
19.
GEOCHEMISTRY CONSTRAIN ON TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF PALEO-TETHYS IN SE YUNNAN,CHINA 相似文献