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1.
中国中央造山系是由亲劳亚的北方陆块群、亲冈瓦纳的南方陆块群及其间大量过渡性微陆块历经复杂拼合而成的复合型造山带，是中国大陆完成主体拼合的构造结合带。中央造山系自西而东包括昆仑造山带、祁连造山带和秦岭- 大别造山带，保存了古生代—早中生代时期华北、华南、柴达木、塔里木、羌塘等众多大小陆块造山过程的丰富信息，是研究东特提斯构造域原、古特提斯洋构造演化的重要窗口。本文综述了中央造山系地质、地球化学和高精度年代学等多学科研究成果，得到以下主要认识：① 550 Ma之前，众多大小陆块孤立散布于原特提斯洋；② 541~485 Ma，原特提斯洋各分支开始俯冲；③ 485~444 Ma，原特提斯洋持续俯冲，导致秦岭二郎坪弧后盆地、昆仑祁漫塔格弧后盆地打开；④ 444~420 Ma，原特提斯北祁连洋、南祁连洋和商丹洋闭合，昆仑祁漫塔格弧后盆地关闭；⑤ 420~300 Ma，昆仑地区古特提斯洋继承原特提斯洋，古特提斯勉略洋逐步扩张；⑥ 300~250 Ma，昆仑洋自阿其克库勒湖- 昆中缝合带向木孜塔格- 布青山- 阿尼玛卿缝合带发生俯冲后撤；⑦ 250~200 Ma，原- 古特提斯昆仑洋、古特提斯勉略洋关闭；⑧ 200 Ma以来，中央造山系转入陆内造山阶段。 相似文献
2.
CL成像制约下的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果表明,海南岛北西部中新元古代石碌群的源区岩可能主要为同区的古中元古代抱板群和中元古代花岗质岩,推测其沉积上限约960Ma、下限约1300Ma;而岛中东部早古生代变沉积岩物源较为复杂,可能与新太古宙—古元古代或更老的洋壳基底、同期的基性火成岩及岛北西部的抱板群和中元古代花岗质岩有关,推测其沉积上限约470Ma、下限约514Ma或稍早。锆石SHRIMP年龄谱及Nd模式年龄,虽揭示海南岛东南部与北西部可能具不同的地壳增长历史,但两者约在1000~1200Ma同时经历格林威尔造山事件,并组成Rodinia超大陆一部分。由于晚元古代-寒武纪洋内弧残余在岛中东部可能出现,并于440~509Ma普遍经历一次变质事件,而岛北西则出现中元古代花岗质岩,因而我们认为Rodinia超大陆聚合前,海南岛北西部最可能是劳伧大陆南缘西延部分,而岛东南部更可能位于澳大利亚大陆东部边缘。研究结果还暗示,中新元古代石碌群可能产于陆-陆碰撞有关的前陆盆地,而早古生代火山-碎屑沉积岩可能产于洋内弧相关的环境,因而晚前寒武纪以来海南岛大地构造环境具有由被动大陆边缘经裂谷向活动大陆边缘演化的特点。 相似文献
3.
从华北陆块南缘大洋扩张到北秦岭造山带板块俯冲的转换时限 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
本文以北秦岭造山带华北陆块南缘被动陆缘火山裂谷(大洋?)盆地、早古生代岛弧-弧后盆地和晚古生代岛弧-蛇绿杂岩等构造相带为研究重点,综合利用同位素年代学、古生物年代学、岩石学、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学等实测数据,系统研究和探讨了北秦岭造山带被动陆缘大洋扩张向俯冲增生造山转换的时限.研究显示:华北陆块南缘由晚新元古代大洋扩张作用转化为板块俯冲作用的转换时限为早奥陶世,约472Ma左右.北秦岭造山带在古生代期间至少存在两期板块俯冲增生造山作用,时代上向南变新,空间上向南向洋内迁移.两次俯冲增生造山作用分别构筑了北秦岭造山带早古生代岛弧-弧后盆地和晚古生代岛弧-俯冲杂岩两条构造相带. 相似文献
4.
目前对江南造山带新元古代构造演化存在不同认识。本文在系统收集近年来大量高精度年龄数据及岩石地球化学研究成果基础上,重塑了雪峰造山带（江南造山带西段）及其东南缘新元古代构造演化过程：880～820Ma期间雪峰造山带为岛弧岩浆作用阶段,东南缘城步地区为弧前盆地;820～810Ma期间雪峰造山带为弧-陆（主）碰撞阶段,城步地区处于弧前盆地向岛弧发展的过渡时期;810～800Ma期间雪峰造山带进入后碰撞环境,城步地区形成新的岛弧;800～630Ma整体进入裂谷盆地阶段。上述过程反映出扬子陆块东南缘的岛弧增生过程,同时暗示雪峰造山带南东面的雪峰期和南华纪沉积叠覆于华南残留洋盆之上。 相似文献
5.
扬子地台西缘对Rodinia形成期地质响应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
扬子地台西缘冕宁－会理地区在中新元古代Rodinia形成期地质响应强烈，地质记录丰富，在中元古代时期，本区自北而南、自东而西由克拉通边缘盆地演变陆缘拗陷盆地（南部）和陆间裂谷盆地（西部）；自新元古代以来，盆地构造演化分异更为明显，其北部会理天宝山地区形成岛弧（906Ma），而冕宁地区演变为弧后盆地，同时伴有广泛低绿片岩相区域动力变质，岛弧南部会理菜子园、西南部盐边荒田地区产生地块碰撞拼贴，形成混杂岩带（856Ma）；西侧形成双成岩带（800．9－815Ma），沿该岩带产生高绿片岩相－麻粒岩相区域低压热流变质；随汇聚继续向陆块推进，产生新生火山弧（812Ma），并相继产生弧－陆碰撞，导致S型岩浆侵位（669－687Ma）。至此，本区陆块汇聚作用结束，至晚震旦世，重新拗陷转入被动大陆边缘盆地演化时期。 相似文献
6.
江南中、新元古代岛弧的运动学和动力学 总被引：43，自引：1，他引：43
自经７０年代作者等发表江南中－新元古代岛弧构造观点以来，这一地区已经在８０年代后期和９０年代成为我国大地构造研究热点之一。大量新资料支持以下的古板块构造演化模式，即古华南洋壳中元古代１３（１７）～９．８亿年时向北（西北）俯冲于扬子板块东南边缘之下，形成江南火山岛弧和弧后盆地，在东北段是皖－浙－赣火山岛弧和樟树墩－伏川弧后盆地；新元古代９．８～７．７亿年时发生了陈蔡弧（浙东地体）与皖－浙－赣弧的弧－弧碰撞造山作用，并导致樟树墩－伏川边缘海的崩塌和陆－弧弧后碰撞造山过程。江南古岛弧带经历了多次的后期构造变形。 相似文献
7.
采用"造山带混杂岩区"新理论,首次在贺根山-黑河缝合带中段发现海勒斯台俯冲增生混杂岩,建立由"基质"+"岩块"组成的俯冲增生杂岩体系,其构造样式为整体左行逆冲剪切.基质主要有糜棱岩、千糜岩、超糜棱岩及少量的沉凝灰岩、粉砂岩、细砂岩,构造环境为弧前盆地,时代主要为中寒武世;岩块有洋岛海山岩块、弧后洋盆洋壳残片、火山弧岩块、裂离陆块,岩块的年龄区间主要在中寒武世-中奥陶世,裂离陆块时代为新太古代.结合俯冲增生杂岩基质年龄、岩块的年龄、侵入混杂岩的TTG年龄（449 Ma）和变形程度、接触关系等,将海勒斯台俯冲增生杂岩的形成时代厘定为中晚奥陶世.认为研究区俯冲作用在早寒武世就已经开始,在大陆边缘形成火山岛弧;奥陶纪初期弧后发育弧后盆地,至中奥陶世弧后盆地出现洋壳;此时中寒武世的基质经俯冲下切后在中奥陶世时期折返上升;晚奥陶世时期由于区域的持续汇聚挤压,该弧后洋盆很快夭折;弧陆开始碰撞,导致双向俯冲.在弧陆碰撞过程中,晚期形成的弧后盆地洋壳等新岩块混入早期形成的基质中.海勒斯台俯冲增生混杂岩带的发现填补了贺根山-黑河缝合岩带中段的空白,对区域构造格架厘定具有非常重要的意义,为研究古亚洲构造域演化提供了新的证据. 相似文献
8.
对新元古代湘桂海盆及邻区构造属性的探讨 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
新元古代的湘桂海盆夹持在中上扬子陆块的东南缘与华夏地块群之间,是古华南洋与下扬子陆块俯冲碰撞后在西南方向的残留海.东段古华南洋俯冲的地质记录发生在860～1034Ma间,为绍兴-江山-萍乡碰撞带,形成江南岛弧造山带;西段古华南洋与上扬子陆块俯冲的构造地质记录,推测在湖南的新化-城步至广西的三江一带,时间为850～820Ma,形成雪峰-四堡岛弧造山带,但无陆陆碰撞的记录.东、西两段构造活动有近1亿年至数十百万年的时间差,为湘桂海盆在停止扩张的洋底上提供了发育的空间,并转为弧前-深海盆地.由萍乡向南西方向至湖南茶陵-郴州为一结合带,西侧的沉积物属扬子沉积构造域和湘桂海盆,沉积了细屑浊积岩和硅泥质岩;东侧为华夏沉积构造域,包括赣、闽和粤北,充填了与热活动有关细碧岩、含铁石英岩和火山碎屑沉积岩;郴州至贺县间,有一东-西向的古南岭裂陷海与之相连,是分隔云开地块、粤东南地块与罗霄-武夷地块的深海槽.在早古生代构造旋回中,湘桂海盆、古南岭海槽以及华夏沉积构造域,分别转为不同构造走向的湘桂加里东褶皱带和华南加里东造山带. 相似文献
9.
青藏高原中的古特提斯体制与增生造山作用 总被引：28，自引：12，他引：16
青藏高原古特提斯体系的特征表现为古特提斯洋盆中多条状地体的存在,多俯冲、多岛弧增生体系的形成和多地体汇聚、碰撞造山的动力学环境,其构架包括4条代表古特提斯洋壳残片的蛇绿岩或蛇绿混杂岩(昆南-阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带、金沙江-哀牢山-松马蛇绿岩带、羌中-澜沧江-昌宁-孟连蛇绿岩带和松多蛇绿岩带)、5条火山岩浆岛弧带(布尔汗布达岛弧岩浆带、义敦火山岩浆岛弧带、江达-绿春火山岛弧带、东达山-云县火山岛弧带和左贡-临沧岛弧-碰撞岩浆带)、4个陆块或地体(松潘-甘孜地体、羌北-昌都-思茅地体、羌南-保山地体)、3条洋壳深俯冲形成的高压-超高压变质带(金沙江得荣高压变质带、龙木错-双湖高压变质带、松多高(超)压变质带),以及5条弧前增生楔或增生杂岩(西秦岭增生楔、巴颜喀拉-松潘-甘孜增生楔、金沙江增生楔、双湖-聂荣-吉塘-临沧增生楔、松多增生杂岩)。古特提斯洋盆的俯冲增生造山作用普遍存在于青藏高原古特提斯复合造山体中,构成与多条古特提斯蛇绿岩带(缝合带)相伴随的俯冲增生杂岩带(链)。古特提斯俯冲增生杂岩带包括由弧前强烈变形的沉积增生楔、以及高压变质岩、岛弧岩浆岩、蛇绿岩和外来岩块组成的混杂体,代表在洋盆俯冲过程中的活动陆缘的地壳增生。 相似文献
10.
闽东南中生代碰撞造山带的确认证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
闽东南地区的大地构造性质屡有争议。本文依据造山带类型划分和碰撞造山带大地构造相模式理论鉴别出了闽东南活化基底、泉州蛇绿混杂岩带、长乐-南澳韧性剪切带、台湾西部前陆磨拉石盆地、闽东南沿海前陆褶冲带活化盖层和壳内低速带等大地构造相和碰撞造山带识别标志，确认闽东南地区为闽台微大陆与闽浙中生代火山弧碰撞形成的陆-弧型碰撞造山带，碰撞事件发生时间为100～120Ma。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
15.
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献