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东准噶尔蒙西斑岩型铜钼矿床地质地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
蒙西斑岩型铜钼矿床位于古亚洲洋成矿域准噶尔—南蒙古成矿带北塔山—琼河坝铜、镍、金、铁成矿区,是东噶尔琼河坝矿集区有新突破的斑岩铜钼矿床之一。笔者从蒙西斑岩型铜钼矿床形成的地质背景、矿床地质特征和地球化学方面入手,分析认为含矿斑岩主要为一套中晚志留世的中酸性岩石,围岩为中-上奥陶统荒草坡群(O2-3hcq),是早古生代的斑岩铜矿,而不是前人认为的晚古生代斑岩铜矿床。成矿期次主要分为黄铁矿-石英、黄铜矿-黄铁矿-石英和碳酸岩-石英3个阶段。矿石含70%多黄铁矿,15%的黄铜矿,还有少量磁铁矿和辉钼矿。次生矿物有孔雀石、褐铁矿和蓝铜矿。矿石中矿物组合显示中-低温特征。元素地球化学特征表明,蒙西铜钼矿床的岩石属高铝高钠钙碱性花岗斑岩,大离子亲石元素Sr、K、Rb、Ba、Th等相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Hf相对亏损。(Yb+Nb)-Rb和Y-Nb判别图解表明岩石形成于火山弧。(R1-R2)构造图解表明为同碰撞期花岗岩,由此可以初步确认该地区主要侵入岩形成于同碰撞壳源参与的火山弧构造环境。所以蒙西斑岩型铜钼矿床的成矿构造属性为同碰撞期大陆岛弧,说明了东准噶尔为早古生代存在构造-成矿作用。 相似文献
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蒙西斑岩铜钼矿床成矿阶段及成矿元素统计分析意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
蒙西斑岩铜钼矿位于东准噶尔北塔山-纸房-琼河坝岛弧带东段琼河坝地区,属形成于断裂背景下的斑岩型矿床.脉状矿化是该矿床主要矿化类型,不同脉体有一定生成顺序.早期钾化阶段形成磁铁矿钾长石石英脉、硫化物钾长石石英脉、及高温阶段磁铁矿碳酸盐脉.进入硅化作用阶段后,形成磁铁矿石英脉、辉钼矿石英脉、黄铜矿黄铁矿石英脉、黄铁矿石英脉及少硫化物石英脉.成矿作用后期形成不含或少含硫化物的石英脉、碳酸盐脉.结合矿化蚀变带内地化元素的聚类分析、因子分析特征,初步将蒙西铜钼矿成矿作用分为早期构造挤压作用成矿期和岩浆热液作用成矿期.岩浆热液成矿期是该矿床的主要成矿时期,可细分为高温成矿阶段和中低温成矿阶段,分别对应形成Mo,Cu的富集矿化. 相似文献
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新疆东准噶尔地区斑岩铜矿地质特征与成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
东准噶尔成矿带是中国主要矿集区之一, 也是斑岩矿床形成的有利地区。近年来, 在东准噶尔邻区先后发现了土屋和欧玉陶勒盖特大型斑岩铜矿, 推动了东准噶尔地区斑岩铜矿的找矿和研究工作, 之后又发现了哈拉苏, 蒙西、玉勒肯哈拉苏、琼河坝、和尔赛、铜华岭和乌伦布拉克等斑岩铜矿。本文论述了东准噶尔斑岩铜矿形成的地质背景, 依据金属矿床围岩岩性组合和成矿作用特征, 确定东准噶尔斑岩铜矿床有2个成矿时代和二种矿床类型: 早古生代斑岩铜钼矿床和晚古生代斑岩铜金矿床。在较详细剖析各类金属矿床(点)基本地质特征的基础上, 划分了3个矿化集中区: 卡拉先格尔斑岩矿集区、乌伦布拉克斑岩矿集区和琼河坝斑岩矿集区, 并讨论了东准噶尔区域地壳演化与金属成矿作用的关系。研究结果表明, 本区的金属矿床(点)成矿作用分别形成于萨吾尔晚古生代岛弧和纸房－琼河坝早古生代岛弧, 大规模成矿作用的发生与板块构造活动相吻合, 是地壳特定演化阶段构造-岩浆活动的产物。 相似文献
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新疆斑岩型铜矿成矿规律及找矿方向 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
斑岩铜矿是世界上重要铜矿工业类型之一.斑岩铜矿主要形成于聚合板块的活动大陆一侧,一般为典型的边缘构造岩浆活动带的陆缘弧和岛弧环境,裂谷环境也有斑岩铜矿产出.在对斑岩铜矿一般特征介绍基础上,分析了新疆斑岩铜矿产出地质构造背景条件,初步总结了斑岩铜矿床(点)的时空分布规律.认为新疆目前发现的斑岩型铜矿床(点),大多属海西期构造-岩浆活动产物.晚泥盆世—石炭纪卡拉先格尔-琼河坝岛弧带和达拉布特、博罗霍洛、伊什基里克-阿吾拉勒铜矿带,是寻找海西期斑岩铜矿的首选地区,工作程度相对较低的那拉提和大同铜矿带,是寻找加里东期大型斑岩铜矿的有利地区.位于华南板块北部边缘岩浆弧带上的双羊达坂南和云雾岭铜矿带,是寻找燕山期大型斑岩铜矿值得重视的地区. 相似文献
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土屋铜矿床是中国近年来发现的大型-超大型斑岩型铜(钼)矿床.通过对该矿区细碧-角斑岩的岩相学、矿物学和岩石地球化学研究表明,该套岩石属于钙碱性系列,以富集Ba、Th、LREE,亏损Ti、Nb、HFSE为特征,推测形成于岛弧环境,源于上地幔,但其形成过程受到地壳不同程度的混染.最新同位素测年资料表明,该套火山岩形成年代为356～416 Ma,属于晚泥盆世产物,发育在塔里木板块北侧与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块的接壤部位,可能为晚古生代北天山洋向北的B型俯冲期间,在企鹅山岛弧发生大规模的岩浆活动,与后期多次脉动侵位于其中的同构造花岗岩类共同构成了企鹅山泥盆纪-石炭纪岛弧岩浆岩带. 相似文献
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新疆东天山地区延西铜矿床的地球化学、成矿年代学及其地质意义 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
延西铜矿床位于新疆东天山觉罗塔格地区北部的哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧带内,是延东-土屋斑岩型成矿带的西延部分。矿床的赋矿地层主要为石炭系企鹅山群,被含矿斜长花岗斑岩侵入。矿床中的主要岩石类型为安山岩、闪长玢岩以及斜长花岗斑岩,安山岩和闪长玢岩具有同源性及岛弧火山岩的特点,是主要的赋矿围岩;斜长花岗斑岩具有埃达克质岩石的特征,与成矿作用直接相关,其形成晚于安山岩、闪长玢岩。本文测得延西铜矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为326.2±4.5Ma,可以代表其成矿年龄,与土屋-延东铜矿床322.7±2.3Ma的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄基本相同;包括延西铜矿床在内的土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带成矿时代与成岩时代基本一致或稍晚。延西铜矿床具有斑岩型铜矿床的矿化和围岩蚀变特征,与土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带内其它矿床均为中石炭世同源岩浆演化的产物,具有相似的成矿作用过程,成矿物质均为岩浆来源,这些矿床可能为同一岩浆活动在不同部位发生矿化的产物。延西铜矿床以及土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带形成于东天山觉罗塔格地区晚古生代的挤压岛弧背景,应与哈尔里克-大南湖晚古生代岛弧的形成相伴,可能与康古尔塔格大洋板块向北部哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧的俯冲有关。 相似文献
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新疆准噶尔北缘玉勒肯哈腊苏斑岩铜矿床年代学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
玉勒肯哈腊苏铜矿是近几年准噶尔北缘卡拉先格尔斑岩铜矿带发现的又一个中型斑岩铜矿,其成岩成矿年代学的研究可以对矿床模型构建、区域成矿规律的总结提供制约。矿区侵入岩发育,矿化主要受闪长玢岩控制,少部分赋存在似斑状黑云母石英二长岩和北塔山组火山岩、火山碎屑岩中。本文利用锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb法和辉钼矿Re-Os法对矿区岩体和矿化进行了成岩成矿年代学研究。结合前人的研究,认为矿区存在5次主要岩浆侵入事件:382Ma石英闪长岩侵入,379Ma形成含矿闪长玢岩,375～374Ma形成似斑状黑云石英二长岩,348Ma形成黑云母石英斑岩脉,266Ma形成二长斑岩,前三次岩浆侵入活动对应构造环境为板块俯冲阶段,后二次岩浆侵入活动为后碰撞阶段。9件辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为373.9±2.2Ma,表明铜钼成矿时代为中泥盆世晚期,与闪长玢岩侵入有关。 相似文献
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东准噶尔和尔赛斑岩铜矿成岩成矿时代与形成的构造背景 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
东准噶尔和尔赛铜矿是近年来新发现的斑岩型铜矿,位于野马泉-琼河坝古生代岛弧带东段。成矿岩体为侵位于花岗闪长岩中的花岗闪长斑岩,花岗闪岩中包含有钾长花岗岩体。锆石CAMECA U-Pb测年结果显示,钾长花岗岩年龄为429Ma,并含有405Ma的锆石;花岗闪长岩年龄为411Ma,并含432Ma的碎屑锆石;花岗闪长斑岩主体年龄为410.5Ma。研究区经历了3期岩浆与热液活动,且至少在早志留世就已开始,琼河坝岛弧是开始于早古生代的岛弧。辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为409Ma,与花岗闪长斑岩年龄一致。和尔赛斑岩铜矿的主成岩成矿时代为早泥盆世,年龄约为410Ma。和尔赛铜矿的花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩具有埃达克岩与岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征,包括63.79%～68.86%SiO2、14.91%～17.48%Al2O3、0.68%～2.35%MgO、高Sr(383×10-6～971×10-6)与Sr/Y比值(48.3～111)、低Y(7.92×10-6～9.69×10-6)与Yb(0.76×10-6～0.98×10-6),Ba、U、K、Sr等大离子元素富集,Th、Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素亏损,较低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.703852～0.704565)、正的εNd(t)值(6.1～7.4)、与亏损地幔接近的较低的初始铅同位素比值((206Pb/204Pb)i=17.58～17.91,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.40～15.48,(208Pb/204Pb)i=37.25～37.47)。这些地球化学特征说明其形成于岛弧环境,可能为古俯冲洋壳部分熔融的产物。琼河坝地区以花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩为代表的岩浆岩带是形成和寻找斑岩铜矿的有利地区。 相似文献
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根据新提供的Pb同位素组成及岩石地球化学研究成果，本文进一步证实了位于北秦岭北界的明港地区发育的早中生代安山玄武质火山角砾岩岩筒所携带的下地壳捕虏体属于南秦岭。所恢复的南秦岭下地壳剖面自下而上为：底侵成因的变辉长岩-基性麻粒岩(其中含有榴辉岩及辉石岩的透镜体)-酸性麻粒岩。秦岭造山带总体的岩石因模型为：南秦岭(扬子块体)向北拆离俯冲，北秦岭地壳向华北仰冲，华北岩石因呈楔状插入秦岭造山带，拆离面约在中、下地壳之间。南秦岭俯冲岩片延伸的范围在平面上有可能达到400km。 相似文献
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青藏高原综合观测研究站的回顾与展望 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国科学院青藏高原综合观测研究站从１９８８年建站到１９９８年以来,在各个方面均取得了长足的发展,横向生产性项目的开展和完成不仅解决了部队和地方的实际问题,而且缓和了观测研究站在运行过程中所面临的经费严重不足的问题,同时也为我所冻土专业研究人员提供了在生产中实践的机会,在基础理论研究方面,承担了国家攀登计划项目,国家基金项目,中国科学院重点项目和中国科学院冰冻圈专项项目等的研究工作,在多年冻土变化, 相似文献
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铀钍的地球化学及对地壳演化和生物进化的影响 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
本文论述了在含挥发份和贫挥发份条件下Ｕ、Ｔｈ的迁移行为及其对地球和行星演化的影响,并阐述了造成地球独特地质演化历史的原因。提出了Ｕ、Ｔｈ在地球中的迁移模式以及该模式对地壳形成、演化的控制作用和对生物发展演化的可能影响。 相似文献
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The experimental variogram computed in the usual way by the method of moments and the Haar wavelet transform are similar in that they filter data and yield informative summaries that may be interpreted. The variogram filters out constant values; wavelets can filter variation at several spatial scales and thereby provide a richer repertoire for analysis and demand no assumptions other than that of finite variance. This paper compares the two functions, identifying that part of the Haar wavelet transform that gives it its advantages. It goes on to show that the generalized variogram of order k=1, 2, and 3 filters linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials from the data, respectively, which correspond with more complex wavelets in Daubechies's family. The additional filter coefficients of the latter can reveal features of the data that are not evident in its usual form. Three examples in which data recorded at regular intervals on transects are analyzed illustrate the extended form of the variogram. The apparent periodicity of gilgais in Australia seems to be accentuated as filter coefficients are added, but otherwise the analysis provides no new insight. Analysis of hyerpsectral data with a strong linear trend showed that the wavelet-based variograms filtered it out. Adding filter coefficients in the analysis of the topsoil across the Jurassic scarplands of England changed the upper bound of the variogram; it then resembled the within-class variogram computed by the method of moments. To elucidate these results, we simulated several series of data to represent a random process with values fluctuating about a mean, data with long-range linear trend, data with local trend, and data with stepped transitions. The results suggest that the wavelet variogram can filter out the effects of long-range trend, but not local trend, and of transitions from one class to another, as across boundaries. 相似文献
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利用卫星遥感影像,结合实地调查和测年结果,对共和盆地层状地貌系统进行了解译、分析。研究表明,共和盆地层状地貌系统由山麓剥蚀面、洪积扇面、盆地面以及黄河阶地面构成,其空间结构、物质组成对发生于早更新世早期的青藏运动C幕和中更新世末期的共和运动反映清晰。青藏运动C幕使青藏高原主夷平面在高原差异性隆升中彻底解体,垂直变形量高达1700m。共和运动使黄河在0.11Ma进入共和盆地,其后黄河平均以3.5mm/a的侵蚀速率下切盆地,同时在盆地边部的山前古冲洪积扇以大致相近的速率被抬升,最终导致高差在2000m左右的层状地貌系统的出现。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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南海位于印度板块、欧亚板块和太平洋板块之间,是世界上最大的边缘海,其构造位置处于太平洋构造域和特提斯构造域,地质构造复杂.关于南海形成演化的动力学机制存在有多种不同观点,其中最重要的一个观点是印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞致使华南地块和印支地块地幔物质沿东南方向蠕动,从而导致南海的海底扩张.从特提斯的演化规律,以及新特提斯的闭合过程来看,南海并不是特提斯洋的残留海,而是新特提斯在闭合过程中配合印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞导致华南地块和印支地块地幔物质东南方向蠕动的动力学机制下,在南海重新活化的结果. 相似文献
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E. M. Korobova 《Geochemistry International》2017,55(13):1205-1282
In his last lifetime essay, “A Few Words about the Noosphere”, Academician V.I. Vernadsky (1944) wrote that all living organisms on the planet, including man, are integral to the biosphere of the Earth, its material and energy structure and cannot be physically independent of it even for a minute. However, the substrate that generates all living beings and is no less tightly bound to the biosphere has always been characterized by a significant geochemical heterogeneity, traced both in the vertical and in the lateral structure of all geospheres.
The present work is devoted to three most important aspects of modern geochemistry and biogeochemistry:
On the basis of theoretical concepts of biogeochemistry and geochemical ecology, formulated in the works of V.I. Vernadsky, A.P. Vinogradov, A.E. Fersman, B.B. Polynov, A.I. Perel’man, M.A. Glazovskaya, V.V. Kovalsky, E. Odum, B. Commoner, E.I. Kolchinskii and others, the author puts forward a hypothesis that there exist two qualitatively different stages in the evolution of the biosphere.The first stage is recognized as the period of natural evolution of the biosphere during which it evolves successively into a more complex and more biogeochemically specialized object. In the course of the geological time, this constantly results, on the one hand, in an increase in species diversity and the perfection of individual species, and, on the other hand, to directed improvement and a greater differentiation of the geochemical conditions of the environment. At this stage, the evolution of all systems of the biosphere that were controlled by the mechanisms of self-organization and self-regulation resulted in the establishment of a dynamic equilibrium, which was responsible for the cycling of all essential chemical elements and therefore providing ecologically optimal geochemical conditions in all ecological niches and for all species and biocenoses inhabiting the biosphere at any given moment.The beginning of the second stage is related to the appearance of reason and qualitative changes in the biosphere caused by the goal-directed activity of the human mind, as an entirely new geological force that appeared to be able not only to disrupt the functioning of natural mechanisms of self-regulation and selforganization, but also to transform the environment in the intersts of a single biological species, Homo sapiens. A direct consequence of this change was the uncontrolled transformation of the natural environment, during which the primary structure (geochemical background) created in the course of billions of years was eventually superimposed by a qualitatively new layer of anthropogenically-derived chemical elements and compounds, thus building an interference pattern of a new geochemical field with which practically all modern living organisms are now forced to interact.An outstanding feature of the new evolutionary stage of the natural environment, called by Vernadsky the noosphere, is that biogeochemical changes at this stage proceed at a rate which exceeds that required for the living matter to adapt to these changes. The result is the disruption of the existing parameters of the biological cycle, leading to the emergence of a significant number of endemic diseases of geochemical nature.The proposed approach was used to prove the anthropogenic genesis of existing geochemical endemic diseases and explain the mechanisms of their appearance. In addition, this approach allowed us to develop a new methodology for mapping zones of ecological and geochemical risk and noticeably simplify the procedure of monitoring distribution and prevention of all diseases of geochemical nature. 相似文献
- — evolution of the ecological and geochemical state of the environment under conditions of a virgin (anthropogenically untouched) biosphere;
- — structural features of the geochemical organization of the modern noosphere;
- — specificity of the interaction of living matter with the environment under increasing anthropogenic load.