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1.
新疆东天山地区延西铜矿床的地球化学、成矿年代学及其地质意义 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
延西铜矿床位于新疆东天山觉罗塔格地区北部的哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧带内,是延东-土屋斑岩型成矿带的西延部分。矿床的赋矿地层主要为石炭系企鹅山群,被含矿斜长花岗斑岩侵入。矿床中的主要岩石类型为安山岩、闪长玢岩以及斜长花岗斑岩,安山岩和闪长玢岩具有同源性及岛弧火山岩的特点,是主要的赋矿围岩;斜长花岗斑岩具有埃达克质岩石的特征,与成矿作用直接相关,其形成晚于安山岩、闪长玢岩。本文测得延西铜矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为326.2±4.5Ma,可以代表其成矿年龄,与土屋-延东铜矿床322.7±2.3Ma的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄基本相同;包括延西铜矿床在内的土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带成矿时代与成岩时代基本一致或稍晚。延西铜矿床具有斑岩型铜矿床的矿化和围岩蚀变特征,与土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带内其它矿床均为中石炭世同源岩浆演化的产物,具有相似的成矿作用过程,成矿物质均为岩浆来源,这些矿床可能为同一岩浆活动在不同部位发生矿化的产物。延西铜矿床以及土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带形成于东天山觉罗塔格地区晚古生代的挤压岛弧背景,应与哈尔里克-大南湖晚古生代岛弧的形成相伴,可能与康古尔塔格大洋板块向北部哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧的俯冲有关。 相似文献
2.
东天山大南湖岛弧带石炭纪岩石地层与构造演化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
详细的地质解剖工作表明,东天山地区大南湖岛弧带石炭纪出露4套岩石地层组合,即早石炭世小热泉子组火山岩、晚石炭世底坎儿组碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩、晚石炭世企鹅山组火山岩、晚石炭世脐山组碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩。根据其岩石组合、岩石地球化学、生物化石、同位素资料以及彼此的产出关系,认为这4套岩石地层组合的沉积环境分别为岛弧、残余海盆、岛弧和弧后盆地。结合区域资料重塑了大南湖岛弧带晚古生代的构造格架及演化模式。早、晚石炭世的4套岩石地层组合并置体现了东天山的复杂增生过程。 相似文献
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中甸浪都铜矿区二长斑岩中锆石的微量元素组成、U-Pb年龄及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中甸浪都铜矿位于印支期义敦岛弧南段的中甸岛弧,浪都二长斑岩体出露于矿区中北部,呈岩株状侵入于曲嘎寺组砂岩、灰岩中.本文应用LA-ICP-MS分析了二长斑岩中锆石的微量元素组成和U-Pb同位素年龄.获得该二长斑岩成岩年龄为223±1 Ma,与近几年报道的中甸岛弧晚三叠世中酸性侵入岩的Rb-Sr、K-Ar、锆石U-Pb年龄基本一致,属同一构造期的产物.该二长斑岩中锆石的ΣREE值为1168.55×10-6～2125.76×10-6,较集中.结合岩石主量、微量元素组成,我们认为其岩浆为地幔和部分地壳混熔作用形成,是甘孜-理塘洋在晚三叠世向西俯冲消减过程中形成的岛弧型花岗质岩石.该二长斑岩中锆石的REE球粒陨石标准化配分模型具有强烈的Ce正异常和中度的Eu负异常,指示其成岩岩浆具有较高的氧逸度,结合浪都矿区铜矿化与该岩体密切的时空关系和成因联系,表明岩浆的较高氧逸度对该矿区矽卡岩-斑岩型铜矿化具有重要意义. 相似文献
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西天山莱历斯高尔一带铜（钼）矿成矿斑岩体矿物学特征及其成岩成矿意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
莱历斯高尔一带斑岩体位于伊犁板块北部的别珍套-科古琴晚古生代岛弧中段.莱历斯高尔一带斑岩型矿床主要分布有直线距离不足1 km的莱历斯高尔钼矿和3571铜矿,与成矿作用关系密切的斑岩体的岩性为二长闪长斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩.通过较系统的矿物学研究发现,本区岩石类型属于造山带钙碱性花岗岩类,成岩物质主要来源于地壳,并且有少量地幔物质加入.斑岩体形成于相对高温(740～790℃)、高fO2(10-9～10-11 Pa)的环境.3571铜矿斑岩体压力估算范围为140～230 MPa,而莱历斯高尔钼矿斑岩体压力估算范围为300～430 MPa,显示3571铜矿斑岩体较莱历斯高尔钼矿斑岩体的侵位深度要浅.结合本区的地质背景和岩石地球化学特征等研究成果,推测3571铜矿斑岩体相当于莱历斯高尔钼矿的浅成相,其深部可能存在类似于莱历斯高尔的钼矿,具有钼矿的找矿前景. 相似文献
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云南省格咱岛弧印支期岩浆演化及普朗斑岩型铜矿成矿作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
格咱岛弧位于西南三江构造火成岩带义敦岛弧南端,是晚三叠世甘孜-理塘洋壳向德格-中甸陆块俯冲的产物,是我国近年来新发现的重要铜多金属成矿带.该区强烈的构造-岩浆活动贯穿于岛弧造山作用的始终,丰富的成矿作用发育于岛弧造山的不同时代、不同环境,产出了普朗、雪鸡坪等大型铜多金属矿床.其中普朗斑岩型铜矿是印支期斑岩铜矿的典型代表,其含矿斑岩体SiO2含量在60.07％～65.78％,属于中酸性岩.Al2O3含量为14.80％～15.97％,(K2O+Na2O)为5.79％～10.99％,K2O/Na2O为0.7～1.14,里特曼指数(σ)为1.02～1.9,固结指数(SI)为7.65～24.77,分异指数(DI)为61.17～70.58,岩石属钙碱性系列,岩浆分异一般较好.A/CNK为0.74～0.981,平均为0.87,岩石属准铝质花岗岩.锆石U-Pb同位素测年结果表明,石英闪长玢岩的形成年龄大致在220.8±4.1Ma,普朗石英二长斑岩的形成年龄为214.8±3.5Ma,其成岩成矿时代主要集中于印支期. 相似文献
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陆-陆碰撞造山环境下含铜斑岩岩石成因——以藏东玉龙斑岩铜矿带为例 总被引：10，自引：9，他引：10
大型斑岩铜矿不仅可以形成于陆缘弧和岛弧构造环境,而且还可以形成于陆-陆碰撞造山环境.然而,对陆-陆碰撞造山环境下含矿斑岩的成因仍存在很大的争论.本文以藏东玉龙斑岩铜矿带为例,从岩相学、元素地球化学以及Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素地球化学等方面较系统地研究了含矿斑岩岩石成因.结果表明,含矿斑岩属于钾玄质岩石,同时具有埃达克岩某些地球化学特征.岩石是由至少100km深处的二辉橄榄质岩石圈地幔中交代成因的金云母-石榴石单斜辉石岩脉发生低程度部分熔融而形成的.印度-亚洲大陆碰撞形成了金沙江区域性走滑断裂系统,并导致软流圈地幔上涌,最终诱发交代岩石圈地幔的部分熔融而形成含矿斑岩.它对于进一步认识陆-陆碰撞造山环境下含矿斑岩的起源以及斑岩型铜矿的成因具有较为重要的意义. 相似文献
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达金海相碎屑岩出露于西藏冈仁波齐峰山脚下,长期以来,该套岩石与冈底斯砾岩一起被视为印度-亚洲板块碰撞形成的陆相磨拉石.该套岩石组合是由凝灰质粉砂岩、杂砂岩、含砾杂砂岩和砾岩组成的一套深海-浅海相沉积组合.杂砂岩、砾岩碎屑组成与地球化学组成研究表明,该套岩石组合的形成与岛弧的发展密切相关,源区大地构造背景以岛弧为主,但也存在被动大陆边缘和碰撞构造带（蛇绿混杂带）两个不同构造背景的源区.区域上,在该套岩石组合的北侧存在着冈底斯岛弧带,南侧为雅鲁藏布蛇绿混杂带.这些特征共同表明,达金海相碎屑岩是西藏雅鲁藏布缝合带与冈底斯岛弧带之间的日喀则弧前盆地的一部分. 相似文献
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桂东鹰扬关群火山岩时代和构造环境的重新厘定:对钦杭结合带西南段构造格局的制约 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鹰扬关群在湘—粤—桂三省交界地区广泛发育,为一套以绿片岩相变质的细碧岩、(石英)角斑岩及相关的火山碎屑岩为主,含有细碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组合。该群的成岩背景过去一直认为是Rodinia超大陆裂解背景下的大陆裂谷环境,时代归属为新元古代。岩石学、地球化学和锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,鹰扬关群火山岩主要属于基性-中性火山(碎屑)岩类,在岩石化学成分上表现为明显富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,包括U、Th、Ba、K和Rb等)和轻稀土元素,而Nb、Ta、P和Ti等高场强元素和重稀土元素相对亏损,反映其具有俯冲-消减作用形成的岛弧-弧后盆地型火山岩地球化学特征;获得鹰扬关群中变角斑岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb谐和年龄为(415.1±2.1)Ma(n=13,MSWD=1.8),表明其为加里东期海相火山喷发的产物。结合云开地块北缘存在有早古生代MORB型和岛弧型变质基性火山岩的资料表明,扬子板块和华夏板块结合带(称之为钦—杭结合带)西南段有早古生代的古洋盆,鹰扬关群岛弧-弧后盆地型火山岩可能是钦—杭结合带南西段早古生代洋陆俯冲-消减过程的地质记录,钦—杭结合带西南段加里东期的构造格局是俯冲增生造山带而不是陆内造山带。 相似文献
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东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿围岩的同位素年代和地球化学研究 总被引：23，自引：12，他引：23
东天山土屋-延东大型斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿时代及其构造背景还存在很大争议。本文报道了铜矿远矿围岩—企鹅山群的同位素年代和地球化学研究结果。研究表明,企鹅山群安山岩中锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb 谐和年龄值336.5±6.6Ma,玄武岩的透辉石、斜长石和全岩 Sm-Nd 内部等时线年龄值334±36Ma,两个结果一致地表明企鹅山群形成于早石炭世。元素地球化学研究表明,企鹅山群玄武岩样品属于岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列,其稀土元素配分模式显示轻稀土相对富集,重稀土相对亏损的右倾模式,与洋中脊玄武岩相比,具有大离子亲石元素相对富集、高场强元素相对亏损的特征,具有俯冲带岛弧火山岩的典型特征。构造环境判别图解也指示企鹅山群形成于俯冲带环境。本研究对土屋-延东大型斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿作用时代及其构造背景问题提供了重要制约。 相似文献
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分布于攀西及邻近地区的煌斑岩主要为云辉正煌岩-黑云正煌岩、白榴橄榄云辉岩、透辉云煌岩,常量元素特征表明岩石属于碱性系列、钾质钙碱性煌斑岩;过渡元素分配模式为幔源岩石的"W"型、不相容元素分配模式为大离子亲石元素和高场强元素富集的"驼峰"型、稀土元素分配模式为"右倾"的轻稀土富集型,表明该区煌斑岩为交代富集地幔部分熔融的产物.Ta-Nb-Ti负异常分配模式说明源区煌斑岩具有的交代富集地幔可能和板块俯冲有关.源区大地构造环境为活动大陆边缘的陆缘岛弧或陆缘火山弧区. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
18.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
19.
Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
20.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献