共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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九寨沟余震序列的震源机制和构造应力场有助于认识本次地震的发震构造和孕震机理。本文基于四川区域地震台网的波形资料, 采用波形拟合(CAP)方法和P波初动+振幅比(HASH)方法反演得到2017年8月8日九寨沟7.0级地震序列中59次ML≥3.0地震的震源机制解, 并基于该结果采用阻尼线性逆推法(DRSSI), 计算研究区域的平均构造应力场, 给出该区域的应力场特征。结果显示, 利用CAP方法反演得到的本次主震的最佳双力偶机制解节面I: 走向248°/倾角86°/滑动角–169°, 节面II: 走向157°/倾角79°/滑动角–4°, 矩震级为Mw6.31, 矩心深度5 km, 属走滑型地震事件; 大部分余震的震源机制解错动类型与主震一致, 矩心深度集中在3~10 km; 应力场反演结果显示, 该区域周边的应力性质为走滑型, 最大主应力方向呈NWW–SEE向, 与该区域的应力场方向一致, 表明本次地震主要受区域应力的控制。结合该区域的地震地质构造等已有研究成果, 分析认为此次地震的发震断层为走向NW–SE、倾向SW的左旋走滑断裂——树正断裂, 巴颜喀拉块体向E-SE向的水平运动受到华南块体的强烈阻挡导致此次地震的发生, 汶川地震的发生对本次地震具有一定的促进作用。 相似文献
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深井开采地质灾害及矿山地震研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
矿山地震，又称为“矿震”，是深井开采中的地质灾害。它具有震源浅，震级小，烈度大，破坏性强等特点。文章基于地球动力区划的理论和方法，以北票台吉矿的实际研究资料为例，对地质动力引起的矿山灾害及矿震的发生规律进行了研究。认为“矿震”的发生是受区域构造应力场的影响，与地下采矿活动密切相关的一种地质动力突变现象，一般发生在地质构造比较复杂、断裂新活动比较显著的地区。文中还讨论了矿山地质动力的作用特征、井下活动断裂的变形与错动规律和对岩层与地表移动的影响。研究了“矿震”的震源机制、断裂错动及其与构造应力场和区域地方震之间的关系。 相似文献
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基于区域地震台网的数字化波形资料，使用ISOLA方法对2019年5月18日吉林松原M5.1地震进行矩张量反演，研究地震的震源机制，并且收集了地震序列中ML2.5以上地震的震源机制解，采用FMSI（focal mechanism stress inversion）方法反演震中区构造应力场。结果显示：松原M5.1地震的矩震级为4.9，矩心深度为6 km，双力偶分量为91.5%，主压应力P轴方位角、倾角分别为76°和3°，主张应力T轴方位角、倾角分别为166°和16°，震源机制解显示典型的构造地震特征；震中区构造应力场理论应力轴σ1方位角、倾伏角分别为88.0°和0.9°，σ2方位角、倾伏角分别为178.2°和9.6°，σ3方位角、倾伏角分别为352.5°和80.4°，这一结果与区域构造应力场一致。推断认为区域构造应力场触发了2019年松原M5.1地震活动，地震震源机制解的北西向节面与震中区附近的第二松花江断裂现今活动性质完全一致，认为第二松花断裂可能是松原M5.1地震的发震断层。 相似文献
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根据地震震源机制、断层参数结果,结合GPS测定的同震位移场与构造研究的最新结果,综合分析研究了2008年汶川8级大地震汶川地震发生的地震活动背景、震源应力场、断层构造运动特征及其动力学机制。地震活动性分析研究结果表明,2008年汶川8级大地震是在青藏高原与其周边地域构造运动剧烈,2001年起始的地震活动高潮期的背景下发生的。其长达300km的地震震源断层填补了青藏高原东缘1900年以来存在的8级地震活动的空区。震源机制与区域应力场特征及其动力学机制研究表明,汶川8级地震震源处于南北地震带中南段东部,青藏高原东向扩张与四川盆地的抵抗是该区构造运动的主要特征。汶川地震及其强余震是在一个稳定的、主压应力P轴以北西西-东南东方向为主的震源应力场控制下发生的。说明汶川地震震源区域主要受到四川盆地、华南块体区域应力场的控制并发震的。龙门山断裂带西侧的青藏高原相对于四川盆地发生的东向上升;而东侧的四川盆地相对于青藏高原发生的西向下降构造运动是2008年汶川8级地震发生的主要地震成因即地震发生机制。 相似文献
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灰山港-煤炭坝地震构造环境及动力因子探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章归纳出灰山港－煤炭坝矿震具频度低、强度小、烈度高；系孤立型及主震－余震型；地震活动无明显的规律性可循和无前兆的突发性等特征，进而分析了地震构造环境、地震孕育及发生的动力因子。认为该区处在多个活动在块体交汇及活动断裂夹持区域，是构造应力集聚较高地区，加之，区内存在地壳内花岗岩层和玄武岩层上涌的热能附加应力和人类采掘煤矿工程活动引起的诱发地震的功能，以致灰山港－煤炭坝地区时的有矿震活动。 相似文献
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岩浆热液矿床是在地壳浅部形成的,恰好位于浅源地震的震源深度范围.文章将地震机制中的微裂隙群区理论引入到岩浆热液矿床成矿过程中,地震组合模式中闭锁带必须在下一次断裂滑动之前破坏,所以这个带为微裂群区和它相关的震源区的核心.文章认为微裂群区理论不但揭示了孕震机制,同时也揭示了岩浆热液矿床形成过程,岩浆热液侵位与断裂形成过程中微裂群区的形成发展密切相关,成矿期矿体范围内应力场与区域应力场呈共轭关系.微裂群区即为岩浆热液矿床的矿化富集场,控矿的隐爆角砾岩带也与微裂群区密切相关. 相似文献
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基于震源断层面的空间取向和滑动方向,写出力轴张量在地理坐标系中的表达式,进而给出计算平均力轴张量及主值的方法,即通过求解相应的本征方程得到。对使用多个震源机制解中T,B,P轴参数计算平均应力场的正确性,以许忠淮用滑动方向拟合法反演富蕴、唐山地区平均应力场数据进行计算和验证。选择具有地震构造意义地块或地震带内大量地震的震源机制解研究区域平均应力场。根据福建东南沿海地区47次主要地震的震源机制解,给出了该区应力张量的定量分析结果。该方法物理意义明确,使由大量地震震源机制解资料分析构造应力场的方法走向定量化,并为定量探索区域应力场的整体动态变化成为可能。 相似文献
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为研究深部近距离煤层群下向卸压开采高应力演化的特征,根据潘二煤矿深部近距离煤层群8煤和6煤地质与开采技术条件,设计了下向卸压开采的二维相似材料模拟试验模型,对8煤和6煤开采引起的采动应力进行监测。系统分析了8煤下向开采与6煤开采后的采场围岩采动应力、岩层运移及不规则煤柱对采动应力演化的影响,获得了近距离煤层群8煤下向卸压开采的顶底板采动高应力演化特征及6煤回采期间覆岩运移、采动应力裂隙演化和来压特征,得出了下向卸压开采不规则煤柱对采动应力、裂隙分布的影响规律。研究不仅为以采动高应力演化为主导作用的煤岩动力灾害防治提供了理论基础,也为卸压开采采场参数设计与优化提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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Satar Mahdevari Kourosh Shahriar Mostafa Sharifzadeh Dwayne D. Tannant 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(18):709
Failure mechanisms of the rock mass in the regions of maximum stress concentrations around a longwall face were assessed. In this respect, seismic events that result from changes in the stress field were analyzed to gain more knowledge about rock failure mechanisms in the proximity of the face area. A deep longwall mine developed at depths of about 3–3.5 km in South Africa was selected as a case study. Seismic moment tensor solutions were obtained for 32 seismic events with moment magnitudes in the range of 0.49 and 2.10. Through moment tensor decomposition, the dominant failure mechanisms were investigated by drawing focal mechanism plots. Further analysis was implemented by depicting the corresponding 3D radiation patterns of P-wave particle motions. Although the results cover various failure mechanisms, the dominant mechanisms are shear, implosional, and compressional failures. According to the results, most of the maximum principal stresses in the mine are compressive and oriented nearly vertical, which are in accordance with the gravitational collapses of the mined out areas. The results obtained from this research show that measuring and analyzing mining-induced seismicity can be a reliable measure to characterize the dominant failure mechanisms in a nondestructive manner and to provide a useful assessment of the stability of the longwall face in advance of extraction. 相似文献
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以21世纪初滇中大姚—姚安一带接连发生的4次Ms6.0~6.5级强震为例,通过分析该地区构造类型及其演化历史,结合川滇块体的现今运动特征和构造应力场,提出滇中构造区运动模型和特殊的孕震模式,探讨褶皱节理与地震活动的关系。研究表明,这些地震序列均有规律地沿北西方向展布,具有高度一致的沿北西向节理面右旋走滑的力学破裂机制。该地区断裂不发育,而是以北西向中生代褶皱构造为主。野外调查发现,该地区广泛发育与褶皱伴生的北西向纵向节理及北东向横向节理,前者较后者更为发育。这些节理密集成带,呈不等间距排列,带宽30~50 m,带内节理密度20~30条/m。节理面上发育有方解石脉和辉长岩脉,同时发育挤压片理化带、新鲜的水平擦痕和松软的断层泥,说明这些节理不仅与深部地壳有关联,而且近期有着新活动迹象。分析认为,在滇中块体南南东运动的背景下,这些地震是在现今北北西向挤压应力场作用下,北西向纵向节理发生构造强化、贯通、破裂的过程中产生的。"活节理"与活动断裂、活动褶皱等构造一样,是地球上广泛存在的活动构造之一。在特殊的构造环境和特定的构造应力场作用下,节理构造会演变为一种构造强化带或活化带,进而成为一种特殊的孕震构造。 相似文献
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文章介绍了矿震相关知识与结构地震响应分析理论。根据抚顺老虎台矿1995~2003年的矿震监测数据,针对矿区附近一栋七层砖混结构住宅进行了矿震响应分析。应用ADINA软件模拟了矿震对建筑结构的作用,将分析结果以剪力图、弯矩图及结点位移时间函数形式显示在图中。结果表明,在近些年频繁的矿震作用下,抚顺地区矿震对砖混结构影响较大,未来几年内结构的累积损伤有加大趋势,应及时进行加固以免造成较大的损失。该研究方法可用来模拟矿震对建筑结构的作用,对今后预测矿震对建筑结构的影响程度研究具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Kailash Khattri 《Earth》1973,9(1):19-63
This article reviews the development of the study of the focal mechanism of earthquakes. The representation of focus by point and finite sources are reviewed. The use of initial motion and spectral amplitude of P-waves, the polarization of S-waves and the application of numerical methods in determining optimum solutions are discussed. A survey of the recent advances in the application of surface waves, free oscillations and static dislocations for the determination of focal mechanisms is given. A brief outline of the major results of the interpretation of the focal mechanism solution of earthquakes in terms of regional stress distributions and the geodynamic processes that are currently taking place is also included. 相似文献
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Victor S. Moreira 《Tectonophysics》1985,117(1-2)
New elements on the seismicity of Portugal and new focal-mechanism solutions of earthquakes with epicentres situated off the coast of the Portuguese mainland and in the Azores region are presented. Historical seismicity data show that in the territory of the Portuguese mainland there are active faults that are responsible for earthquakes that have caused important damage and many casualties. However, most of the intraplate earthquakes with epicentres situated in the Portuguese mainland or near the shore are normally of small magnitude and this renders difficult their interpretation in the light of focal mechanisms. A solution for one earthquake, with magnitude 5 and epicentre at the Nazaré submarine canyon, is presented.Southwestwards of Cape St. Vincent there is an important seismic zone responsible for high-magnitude earthquakes such as that of 1 November 1755. This zone is situated in the region where the extension of the Messejana fault into the ocean joins with the Azores-Gibraltar fault.The seismicity of the area situated between the western coast of the Portuguese mainland and the Azores increases approximately along the 15°W meridian, from the latitude of the Azores-Gibraltar fault up to 44°N. Focal mechanisms of earthquakes with epicentres situated along this line show very similar solutions.The interpretation of the focal mechanism solutions of the earthquakes with epicentres situated in the studied area shows that the stress field trends approximately NW-SE. It is assumed that this stress field results from the interaction of the Eurasian and African plates; however, this direction is not maintained in the Azores region. 相似文献
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A seismic source zone model for the seismic hazard assessment of the Italian territory 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Carlo Meletti Fabrizio Galadini Gianluca Valensise Massimiliano Stucchi Roberto Basili Salvatore Barba Gianfranco Vannucci Enzo Boschi 《Tectonophysics》2008,450(1-4):85-108
We designed a new seismic source model for Italy to be used as an input for country-wide probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) in the frame of the compilation of a new national reference map.
We started off by reviewing existing models available for Italy and for other European countries, then discussed the main open issues in the current practice of seismogenic zoning.
The new model, termed ZS9, is largely based on data collected in the past 10 years, including historical earthquakes and instrumental seismicity, active faults and their seismogenic potential, and seismotectonic evidence from recent earthquakes. This information allowed us to propose new interpretations for poorly understood areas where the new data are in conflict with assumptions made in designing the previous and widely used model ZS4.
ZS9 is made out of 36 zones where earthquakes with Mw > = 5 are expected. It also assumes that earthquakes with Mw up to 5 may occur anywhere outside the seismogenic zones, although the associated probability is rather low. Special care was taken to ensure that each zone sampled a large enough number of earthquakes so that we could compute reliable earthquake production rates.
Although it was drawn following criteria that are standard practice in PSHA, ZS9 is also innovative in that every zone is characterised also by its mean seismogenic depth (the depth of the crustal volume that will presumably release future earthquakes) and predominant focal mechanism (their most likely rupture mechanism). These properties were determined using instrumental data, and only in a limited number of cases we resorted to geologic constraints and expert judgment to cope with lack of data or conflicting indications. These attributes allow ZS9 to be used with more accurate regionalized depth-dependent attenuation relations, and are ultimately expected to increase significantly the reliability of seismic hazard estimates. 相似文献
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滇西南2014年景谷中-强震群的地质构造成因——茶房-普文断裂带贯通过程的构造响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2014年10—12月期间,云南景谷接连发生了Ms6.6、Ms5.8、Ms5.9三次中-强地震。为确定地震的地质构造成因,在地表调查的基础上,综合该区的地质构造情况、烈度与余震分布、震源机制解等资料,确定此次震群活动的宏观震中位于永平盆地东南侧山地,发震断层为地质与地貌表现不显著的NW向右旋走滑断层。此次震群活动及余震迁移过程指示,由于断层斜接部位岩桥的临时阻碍,Ms6.6地震破裂在向南东扩展过程中发生短暂停滞,突破障碍后进一步引发了Ms5.8和Ms5.9地震,这符合震源破裂沿NW向发震断裂分段破裂的行为。区域活动断裂的遥感解译结果发现,发震断层位置恰好处于NW向右旋走滑的茶房断裂与普文断裂之间,区域上属于该断裂带的不连贯部位,指示此次中-强震群活动应该是茶房-普文断裂带贯通过程的构造活动表现。结合思茅地块的历史地震资料发现,思茅地块地震活动多以小于等于6.8级为主,发震构造多为NW向断裂。指示在现今构造应力场作用下,该区NW向断裂的活动性相对NE向断裂更加显著,属于该区主要控震构造,应在今后的地震地质工作中给予更多关注。 相似文献