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The Metallogenetic Regularities of Lithium Deposits in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Lithium resources support the development of high-technology industries. China has abundant lithium resources which are mainly distributed in Tibet,Qinghai,Sichuan and Jiangxi. Salt lakes in China have significant lithium reserves,but lithium is mainly produced from hard rock lithium deposits because the extraction from salt lakes requires further improvements. The hard rock lithium deposits mainly occur in granitic pegmatite in the Altay region of Xinjiang and the Jiajika deposit in western Sichuan Province; they mainly formed in the Mesozoic and occurred in a relatively stable stage during orogenic processes. On the basis of the information from 151 lithium deposits or spots,14 lithium metallogenic series were identified,and granitic pegmatite,granite,and sedimentary types were considered to be the main prediction types of lithium resources. Twelve lithium mineralization belts were divided and a series of maps showing the lithium metallogenetic regularity in China were drawn. We conclude that the hard rock and brine type of lithium resources possibly have a similar lithium source related to magmatism. The metallogenic features of the lithium in China were related with the distinct history of tectonic-magmatic activity in China. This study benefits the assessment of,and prospecting for,lithium resources in China. 相似文献
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中国锂矿资源丰富,其中盐湖锂矿虽然储量巨大,但开发利用技术尚待发展,目前开发的主要是硬岩型锂矿。硬岩型锂矿以伟晶岩型为主,集中分布在新疆和四川等地;成矿时代以中生代最为重要;成矿背景以强烈造山运动之后相对稳定的构造环境最为有利。经过十年来的勘查实践与理论研究,中国锂矿的类型已不再单一,卤水型从地表卤水扩展到浅部卤水与深部卤水并重,硬岩型从花岗伟晶岩型一枝独秀到蚀变花岗岩型、伟晶岩型、角砾岩筒型、沉积型等多种类型并重;成矿时代从中新生代拓展到古生代等多个期次;成矿区带从12个增加到16个,并在川西的甲基卡、可尔因及新疆的大红柳滩、砂锂沟等地探获了一批新的矿产地,新的资源格局正在形成;找矿方法与勘查技术也从单一的地表踏勘填图发展到遥感定区（远景区）—地质定型（类型）—化探定性（矿种）—物探定位（孔位）—钻探定量（资源量）及生物找矿、深穿透深部探矿等新技术新方法成体系化的新时代。鉴于战略性新兴产业快速发展对于锂资源的刚性需求,建议加强对以锂云母为主要工业矿物的新类型锂资源及以含锂黏土为主的沉积型锂资源的调查研究与开发利用;除了中生代之外,加强对古生代乃至前寒武纪锂矿的研究与找矿;加强阿尔金、喜马拉雅、冈底斯、大兴安岭西坡等新的锂矿成矿区带的勘查力度;加强对市场经济条件下锂资源动态管理的新机制研究;加强对锂同位素作为可控核聚变原材料的超前研究与资源储备,为开发高端矿业作出示范和引领。 相似文献
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为了摸清全国金矿资源潜力,科学合理地部署金矿地质勘查工作,在全国金矿资源潜力评价成果的基础上,总结了金矿成矿规律、时空分布及资源潜力特征,跟踪金矿勘查进展,提出金矿勘查部署建议。中国金矿床虽以小型居多,但大中型金矿床的资源储量约占80%。金矿床在中生代呈大规模成矿特征,其矿床数和资源储量均居主要地位,其次为新生代、晚古生代、中新元古代、早古生代。金矿床在空间上呈区域集中分布特征,根据成矿地质背景、成矿条件和金矿床空间分布,结合地球物理、地球化学特征、预测资源量,修订了金矿成矿区带划分方案,确定了57个Ⅲ级金矿成矿区带,其中胶东、小秦岭-伏牛山、滇黔桂、西秦岭、燕辽、松潘-摩天岭、东秦岭、长江中下游、丽江-哀牢山和吉南-辽东成矿区带,其查明资源储量和预测资源量在全国均居前列。以服务于矿产资源潜力评价为目的,提出了金矿预测类型划分方案,将金矿床类型归纳为12类,分别为与中深成侵入岩有关的热液型、微细浸染型、构造破碎蚀变岩型、陆相火山岩型、变质碎屑岩地层中热液型、斑岩型、夕卡岩型、砂金型、花岗绿岩型、海相火山岩型、风化壳型、砾岩型,其中以前5种矿产预测类型为主。在总结金矿床地质背景、地质特征和找矿标志的基础上,建立主要类型金矿预测评价模型。全国金矿资源潜力评价预测金资源量31 125.6 t,预测深度大多小于1 000 m,50%的预测资源量分布于已知矿床外围及深部。根据资源潜力评价成果,结合近年来金矿勘查取得新的找矿进展,找矿主攻矿床类型为中深成侵入岩有关的热液型、微细浸染型、构造破碎蚀变岩型、陆相火山岩型;中国东部胶东、小秦岭-伏牛山、西秦岭、滇黔桂为金矿重点勘查区带,已知矿床深部和外围仍是金矿重点找矿地段;西部地区如东昆仑、巴颜喀拉、冈底斯、班公湖-怒江、丽江-哀牢山等区带的金矿勘查突破,基础性地质勘查和科研工作投入,为西部地区金矿勘查开发提供理论和技术支撑,有利于开创西部地区金矿勘查的新局面。 相似文献
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ZHAO Zheng CUI Xiaolin WANG Denghong CHEN Yuchuan BAI Ge LI Jiankang LIU Xinxing 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1747-1761
China has abundant reserves of magnesite, making it the world’s leading source of this strategic mineral. Sparry magnesite is the main type of magnesite deposit, and is easy to exploit. It occurs mainly as the sedimentary-metamorphic type. Production is centred on eastern Liaoning Province, where a world-class large to super large magnesite ore processing and production facility has been developed. Hydrothermal metasomatic deposits, associated with ultramafic complexes and eluvial deposits produced by weathering, are two other important types found in China. The Western section of the Bangonghu-Nujiang metallogenic belt is an important target region for prospecting lake-sedimentary magnesite deposits. Based on a systematic analysis of material from 62 magnesite production areas, this study investigated the metallogeny of magnesite and delineated 13 magnesite metallogenic belts. Maps were produced showing metallogenic regularities in magnesite deposits, the metallogenic system of the magnesite deposits, and the distribution of the metallogenic belts of Chinese magnesite deposits. It provides a theoretical basis for forecasting the location of potential magnesite resources in China. Finally, it explores some key scientific issues, including the formation processes of ultra magnesite ore-concentrated areas, and their sources of magnesium. 相似文献
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《China Geology》2020,3(3):473-489
Fluorite is one of the important mineral raw materials in the industry. In China, it is mainly distributed in the provinces and regions such as Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Inner Mongolia, Fujian, and Henan provinces, boasting huge reserves and large numbers of deposits. However, most of the fluorite deposits are on a small or medium scale. The main fluorite deposits in China were studied in this paper. Their geological features and metallogenic regularity were summarized and compared. Meanwhile, based on their main genetic factors including metallogenic fluid sources and main metallogenic geological processes, they were divided into two groups, namely meso-epithermal deposits and magmatic-hydrothermal deposits. Furthermore, based on the prospecting achievements and research progress obtained in fluorite deposits in recent years, prospecting potential predictions were made for the metallogenic prospect areas and major prospecting areas of fluorite in China. This aims to provide a theoretical basis and direction for future fluorite prospecting in China. 相似文献
7.
青海省东昆仑成矿带铁矿成矿规律与找矿方向研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
东昆仑成矿带位于西域板块南缘活动带与华南板块接合部位,属昆祁秦缝合系的昆仑缝合带。区内由昆北、昆中及昆南三条呈近东西向到北西西向平行展布的区域深大断裂,构成东昆仑复杂的构造格局,由此划分出三大构造成矿单元,即东昆仑北带、中带、南带。这三条大断裂均为切穿地壳或岩石圈的区域性长期活动深大断裂,不仅构成各地质单元的边界和控制岩浆岩分布,也控制了东昆仑隆起、凹陷带沉积盆地及沉积建造的展布,与次级北西、北北西向和北东向断裂一起,把不同时代地层和部分岩体切割成规模不等的断块(条),同时不同级次的断裂构造作为成矿的导矿场和储矿场,为各类矿床的形成提供了良好的迁移通道和赋存空间。该区地层主要集中发育在前寒武纪、早古生界奥陶―志留纪、晚古生代石炭―二叠纪、中生界三叠纪及新生代几个时间段中。在区域分布上,昆中、昆北带出露地层较相近,昆南带与昆北和昆中带有显著差异,反映为不同地层分区。岩浆活动非常强烈而频繁,分布亦十分广泛,主要分布在昆仑山北坡断隆带和祁漫塔格地区,在昆仑山主脊形成著名的东昆仑山花岗岩带,昆仑山南坡出露少量中酸侵入岩。岩浆活动始于元古代,止于新生代,表现为间歇性的火山喷发与岩浆侵入频繁交替。岩性从基性、超基性到酸性均有出露。主要活动时代为加里东期、华力西期,其次为印支期、燕山期;兴凯期和前兴凯期主要以少量基性、超基性喷流活动。东昆仑成矿带是青海重要成矿带之一,东昆仑成矿带侵入岩、褶皱、断裂构造发育,岩浆活动频繁强烈,成矿地质条件十分优越,具有较大找矿潜力。该带也是青海省主要的工业矿床集中分布的地区,储量大,品位较高,矿产地集中,同时共伴生的多金属矿床也往往具有一定的规模。尤其是矽卡岩型和沉积变质型铁矿的绝大多数储量都集中在本带。铁矿床成因类型复杂多样,主要有与火山喷流沉积有关的喷流——沉积、热液交代变质改造型,沉积变质型和矽卡岩型,具备大型——超大型矿床的成矿条件。矿床多沿昆北、昆中和昆南深大断裂带分布,与次级构造及岩浆岩体关系密切。东昆仑西段是重要的大——超大型矿床找矿远景区,中段具有沉积变质型铁矿找矿前景,东段则是矽卡岩型铁矿床聚集区。该带铁矿资源量占全省的75.51%,铁矿共、伴生有用组分较多,可综合利用。接触交代型铁矿是目前开发的重点,此类型矿石质量较好,TFe品位一般在35%～55%,有害杂质硫、磷一般低于工业要求。特别是都兰、野马泉地区的铁矿多共、伴生有铅、锌、铜、金、银、锡、钴、铋、镉、硫铁矿等有益元素,需综合开发利用。由于共、伴生组分可综合利用,极大地提高了开发价值。 相似文献
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中国硒矿成矿规律概要 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文章在全国矿产资源潜力动态评价项目开展过程中，对中国硒矿资源特征、硒矿类型、时空分布、成矿谱系进行分析与归纳，初步总结了中国硒矿成矿规律。文章对中国硒矿的资源特征及存在的问题进行了介绍；将中国硒矿划分为斑岩型、岩浆型、热液型、矽卡岩型、沉积型5大硒矿预测类型，初步总结了各类型硒矿的时空分布特征；将中国硒矿成矿时代总结为元古代、早古生代、晚古生代、中生代、新生代5个成矿期，划分了24个硒成矿带；厘定出39个与硒矿有关的成矿系列，建立了中国硒矿成矿谱系；最终选取了重点矿床类型和潜力评价工作区域。 相似文献
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我国既是钴矿资源消费大国,又是钴矿资源进口大国,受新能源电动汽车工业的影响,近年来钴矿资源得到越来越多的关注.为了科学地评估我国钴矿资源潜力,指导找矿勘查部署工作,立足国内,提高我国钴矿资源的保障能力,笔者２０１９—２０２１年开展了９个重点省(自治区)的钴矿资源潜力评价工作.本文从我国钴矿床分布和地质特征角度,先以成矿地质作用为主线,厘定我国找矿预测矿床类型,包括与沉积地质作用有关的风化型、化学沉积型、砂岩型和海底喷流沉积型,与火山地质作用有关的海相火山岩型、陆相火山岩型,与侵入岩浆地质作用有关的岩浆型、矽卡岩型(接触交代型)、热液脉型和斑岩型,与变质地质作用有关的沉积变质型,以及少量与大型变形地质作用有关的变质核杂岩型;进而梳理并总结了各类型钴矿有关的成矿地质体.通过分析我国钴矿的矿床地质特征和时空分布规律,综合地质、物探、化探和遥感信息等预测要素,建立找矿预测模型,并在此基础上圈定找矿远景区,估算资源量.结果表明:我国钴矿包括风化型镍钴矿、海底喷流沉积型铜钴矿、海相火山岩型铁铜钴矿、海相火山岩型块状硫化物铜锌钴矿、岩浆型铜镍钴矿和热液脉型钴矿６种主要找矿预测类型;圈定416个钴矿最小预测区,圈定64个找矿远景区,优选99个找矿靶区,提出下一步勘查建议;９个重点省(自治区)累计查明钴资源储量45.3万t,预测钴资源量约420万t. 相似文献
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为了解中国西部伟晶岩型锂矿床的成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征,指导今后该类锂铍等稀有金属矿产资源勘查与评价,总结研究了中国西部几个主要的大型、超大型伟晶岩型锂辉石矿床的成矿特点,并简要对比这些矿床的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征等。结果表明: 中国西部伟晶岩型锂辉石矿床所处的大地构造位置较为相似,大多处于褶皱造山带中,呈现集中成带分布,稀有金属矿化均发育在岩浆岩后期的伟晶岩脉中,围岩均为一套变质砂岩、板岩、片岩类,伟晶岩脉的含矿性还与构造裂隙的交叉和相对封闭条件有关; 成矿时代集中分布在印支晚期-燕山早期。但不同地区的锂辉石矿床也表现出其特殊性,矿物组合上以可可托海最为复杂,甲基卡次之。今后勘查应以锂成矿带为重点,伟晶岩型锂矿为首要勘查对象,同时应因地制宜,以现有的典型矿床为模型,寻找最有效的找矿技术方法组合,为后期找矿提供依据。 相似文献
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为了解中国西部伟晶岩型锂矿床的成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征,指导今后该类锂铍等稀有金属矿产资源勘查与评价,总结研究了中国西部几个主要的大型、超大型伟晶岩型锂辉石矿床的成矿特点,并简要对比这些矿床的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征等。结果表明: 中国西部伟晶岩型锂辉石矿床所处的大地构造位置较为相似,大多处于褶皱造山带中,呈现集中成带分布,稀有金属矿化均发育在岩浆岩后期的伟晶岩脉中,围岩均为一套变质砂岩、板岩、片岩类,伟晶岩脉的含矿性还与构造裂隙的交叉和相对封闭条件有关; 成矿时代集中分布在印支晚期-燕山早期。但不同地区的锂辉石矿床也表现出其特殊性,矿物组合上以可可托海最为复杂,甲基卡次之。今后勘查应以锂成矿带为重点,伟晶岩型锂矿为首要勘查对象,同时应因地制宜,以现有的典型矿床为模型,寻找最有效的找矿技术方法组合,为后期找矿提供依据。 相似文献
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JIANG Biao ZHANG Daquan WANG Denghong WANG Chenghui CHEN Yuchuan BAI Ge 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(3):1002-1020
China has widely distributed silver deposits,and is rich in silver resources.Although silver deposits are mainly associated with Pb-Zn deposits,a number of independent silver deposits have also been discovered in recent years.Silver deposits include different types,such as submarine volcanism and continental volcanism related type,intrusion related type,and sedimentary related type.This study summarized the metallogenic regularity of China’s silver deposits systematically based mainly on the data from 490 silver deposits.It is shown that submarine volcanic sedimentary type,continental volcanic or sub-volcanic type,skarn type,hydrothermal type(including vein type and stratabound type),sedimentary metamorphic type,sedimentary type and regolith type should be regarded as the most important prediction types of silver deposit.A total of 32 silver mineralization belts and 111 silver concentration areas have been delineated.The map of "Spatial distribution of silver mineralization belts in China" and other series of maps finished in this study may provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation and prognosis of silver resources potential in China. 相似文献
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中国镍资源丰富,同时也是镍资源消费大国。矿床类型相对简单,主要为岩浆型,其次为海相沉积型和风化壳型3种。矿床形成时代从中—新元古代一直延续到新生代,主要集中在新元古代和晚古生代两个高峰期;空间分布较为集中,主要分布在西北、西南和东北地区,往往具有成群分布的特征。大陆边缘裂解、碰撞造山期后伸展以及地幔柱是形成中国镍矿床的3种重要构造背景。在全国Ⅲ级成矿区带的基础上,以镍矿床的空间分布特征为基础,以成矿规律和成矿条件为依据,在全国范围内划分30个成镍带;对东天山、甘—新北山、龙首山、吉中—延边、康滇、扬子南缘等6个成镍带的主要特征进行了简单叙述;从成镍带的角度,探讨了中国镍矿找矿方向,认为深部找矿尤其值得重视。 相似文献
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近年来经济的快速发展导致铅锌矿产资源需求大量增加,使得我国的铅锌资源储备形势依然严峻。基于此,在全国开展铅锌矿产资源潜力评价工作,通过总结铅锌矿地质矿产成果,掌握铅锌矿产资源现状,预测未查明的铅锌矿产资源潜力,能够更好地满足未来铅锌矿产资源规划部署及合理利用的需要。在系统梳理全国29个省级行政单位铅锌矿产资源潜力评价成果的基础上,总结中国铅锌矿时空分布规律特征,结合传统的矿床模型以及全国重要矿产预测类型划分方案划分了铅锌矿矿产预测类型,将全国铅锌矿划分为9类矿产预测类型,分别是层控碳酸盐岩型（MVT）、碳酸盐岩细碎屑岩型（SEDEX）、砂砾岩型、沉积改造型、陆相火山岩型、海相火山岩型、岩浆热液型、夕卡岩型和风化壳型;分析了重要成矿区带的铅锌矿矿产预测类型、成矿时代,总结了各成矿区带主要类型铅锌矿区域预测要素,建立了主要类型铅锌矿区域预测模型。结合全国大地构造相图、全国成矿区带图以及全国各级预测区分布图等资料,划分了15个铅锌矿成矿省和47个Ⅲ级成矿区带,以成矿省(成矿区带)为主线开展矿产资源潜力评价和预测工作,为勘查部署提供依据。 相似文献
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最近新疆西昆仑地区锰矿勘查实现重大突破,伴随大型优质锰矿的发现和勘查,锰已成为新疆区域优势金属矿种之一。通过系统收集资料,总结新疆锰矿成矿类型及区域时空规律。指出寒武纪、二叠纪、石炭纪是新疆锰矿成矿的3个重要时代,西昆仑-昆盖山裂谷带、塔里木陆块北部边缘活动带是新疆锰矿成矿的重要构造单元,以海相沉积型锰矿为主要成矿类型。同时,对比中国南方重要锰矿成矿特征,指出新疆奥尔托喀讷什、穆呼锰矿与广西下雷超大型锰矿在地质构造背景、成矿时代、含矿建造、矿石类型等方面均有相似之处,在成矿空间上具某种“亲缘性”。新疆西昆仑穆呼-玛尔坎苏锰矿带具超大型锰矿成矿潜力。 相似文献
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"南盘江-右江"成矿区地处我国西南,是我国重要的金属矿产资源的富集区。在新的研究成果和找矿突破基础上,结合新的理论发展,本文新设定并命名了"南盘江-右江Sn-Sb-Mn-Zn-Al-Au多金属成矿区",即重新划(修)定的25片重点成矿区(带)之一。通过区域成矿地质背景研究,成矿区内划分了6个III级成矿带,初步建立了南盘江-右江Sn-Sb-Mn-Zn-Al-Au多金属成矿区成矿谱系。综合研究认为,区内矿产以锡、锰、锌、铝土矿、金、钨矿等为主,资源潜力巨大。主攻矿床类型为卡林型金矿、沉积型和堆积型铝土矿、沉积型锰矿、深水沉积-改造型铅锌矿、岩浆热液型钨锡矿,并总结了重要矿床类型的成矿模式。成矿区内圈定了14个远景区,其中10个为重点远景区,4个为远景调查区,远景区的划分指明了下一步的找矿方向和工作部署重点,为国家部署公益性地质调查评价工作提供依据和建议。 相似文献
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中国铁矿资源现状与铁矿实物地质资料筛选 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
依据我国铁矿资源的类型、成矿区（带）和赋存特点,概述了当前我国铁资源的状况,提出了铁矿资源进行实物地质资料筛选要考虑的因素。结果表明：中国铁矿床类型齐全,以沉积-变质型为主,岩浆型、接触交代-热液型次之;我国铁矿床成矿条件复杂,大型、超大型矿床少,贫矿多、富矿少,且伴（共）生有益组分多,但呈现相对集中分布的特点,主要包括鞍山-本溪、攀西-滇中、冀东-密云、长江中下游、鄂西-湘西北、邯郸-邢台等6个成矿区（带）,新疆地区铁矿资源潜力巨大,是未来找矿的重点;铁矿资源实物地质资料筛选应考虑铁矿床成矿规模、成因类型、成矿时代、成矿区（带）等因素,兼顾具有典型、潜力巨大的铁矿床作为筛选对象。 相似文献
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CHEN Zhenghui SHENG Jifu LIU Lijun WANG Denghong LIANG Ting WANG Chenghui 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(3):1021-1035
China is rich in tin resources,and contains many types of tin deposits.Among the tin deposit types,the cassiterite-sulfide type,skarn type and quartz vein type occupy a large proportion of tin resources and reserves.From the aspect of exploitation and utilization,the most important types are cassiterite-sulfide type and quartz vein type.The cassiterite-sulfide type tin deposits are mainly located in Northern Guangxi and Eastern Yunnan,skarn type deposits are mainly distributed in the ore-concentration areas of South Hunan in Middle Nanling,and the quartz vein type tin deposits are mainly distributed in South China,such as Western Fujian,Middle Jiangxi,Northern Guangzhou and Southern Hunan.The most important metallogenic epoch for tin deposits is the Mesozoic era.The metallogenic geotectonic background is mainly continental environments after orogeny process,with strong tectonic changes,interlaced deep fracture and frequent magmatism.And the most distinctive feature is the well developed Mesozoic granites,which have a close relationship with tin mineralization.Based on the detailed study of the data from 873 tin deposits in China,this paper summarized the metallogenic regularity of tin deposits,classified 20 important metallogenic series of tin or tin-associated deposits,and inferred that the cassiterite-sulfide type,skarn type,quartz vein type and greisen type are the main prediction types of tin resources.Forty-four tin-mineralization belts were divided,among which,19 belts are the most important.In addition,a series of maps about tin metallogenic belts and tin metallogenic regularity were compiled,aiming to provide theoretical basis for potential estimation and prediction of tin mineral resources. 相似文献