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方增福 《云南地理环境研究》2007,19(5):59-63
旅游规划于二战后起源于欧洲,在20世纪90年代以后得到了长足的发展.伴随旅游规划理论的不断发展.旅游规划规划的分类也日益细化,从空间的角度可以将其分为区域旅游规划、旅游区规划和景点规划.作为旅游规划的一种形式,景点规划是一种范围相对较小的规划,国内外对景点规划的研究相对较少.笔者通过多年的旅游规划实践,总结提出了正确处理景点建设、环境保护与社区发展的关系等景点规划的基本原则,同时列举了一些有效的规划方法,并结合自己的规划案例阐述其在景点规划的应用. 相似文献
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旅游规划是现在处理将来旅游发展过程中可能出现的情况，而规划的目标在于实现旅游需求与旅游供给的动态平衡。该文引入旅游功能系统这一概念，并试图从市场学的角度说明旅游规划的最终目标是通过满足旅游市场需求来实现旅游功能系统的完善与运行，同时也初步总结了市场导向下旅游规划的基本要素和内容。 相似文献
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旅游系统规划的实施途径与案例研究——以宁夏回族自治区为例 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
旅游业的蓬勃发展对旅游规划提出了更高的要求 ,必须寻找一些新的有效形式和方法使规划过程具有可持续性和可操作性。旅游系统规划途径即是朝这一方向所做的努力。本文指出旅游规划实质上是旅游系统规划 :规划必须考虑整个旅游系统的运行 ,着眼于规划对象的整体优化 ,要从社会、经济和自然的各层面和整体上来考虑。文章以宁夏回族自治区为例 ,简要阐述了旅游系统规划的总体思想模型、系统规划要素和实施途径。 相似文献
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论中国旅游可持续发展的规划策略 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
从旅游可持续发展的定义及其对旅游规划的要求出发 ,分析了中国旅游规划的现状及存在问题 :1 .各级旅游规划不平衡 ,相互间联系不紧密 ;2 .规划内容单一 ,就旅游论旅游 ;3.规划人员组织过于简化 ,“本位”主义突出 ;4 .规划与研究脱节 ;5 .缺少专门的行业规范和技术标准。本文认为中国旅游要步入可持续发展轨道 ,从旅游规划而言 ,必须实施以下战略和措施 :1 .加强旅游规划的组织机构建设 ,将旅游规划纳入法制化管理 ;2 .尽快统一旅游规划的范围和程序 ,编制相应的技术标准 ;3.加强宣传 ,统一认识 ,力求社会各界对旅游规划的理解和支持 ;4 .加速培养专门的旅游规划人才 ;5 .加强各级区域旅游规划的编制。 相似文献
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吴人韦 《地理与地理信息科学》2000,16(2):53-56
从旅游规划的对象即旅游系统入手 ,分析旅游规划的基本矛盾与本质特征。结合旅游规划的现实条件 ,探讨旅游规划的根本任务。从理论上阐述了旅游规划的社会功能、作用阈限及其评价标准。 相似文献
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对于县域旅游规划重点问题的探讨--以饶平县旅游规划为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在分析县域旅游规划中必须重点把握的问题的基础上 ,对饶平县旅游规划指导思想、旅游定位、旅游发展思路和目标、旅游发展的空间结构等问题进行了探讨。认为饶平县应生产以“海上桃源、滨海邹鲁、闽粤驿站”为旅游形象的 7大类旅游产品 ;据此开拓以本地客源市场为主 ,以珠江三角洲和闽南地区客源市场为辅 ,以外省和港、澳、台客源市场为补充的近中程客源市场 ;并依托“一心、三区、十三功能片区、四条旅游热线”的旅游空间架构 ,将饶平县建设成汕头和潮州的郊野公园 ,粤东、闽南旅游协作区上的旅游胜地 ;使旅游业成为饶平县经济的新增长点 ,未来国民经济的龙头产业。 相似文献
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论旅游规划的性质 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
吴人韦 《地理学与国土研究》1999,15(4):50-54
从旅游规划的起源、旅游规划的对象、旅游系统的结构和功能,以及旅游发展的内在矛盾等方面论述旅游规划的性质与特征。 相似文献
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中国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中主要阴、阳离子的来源研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Snowpacks samples were colleted from two glaciers： Baishui No.1 glacier and Hailuogou No.1 glacier in June, 2006. The method of sea-salt ions tracer, correlation analysis and trend analysis were used in this research in order to confirm the source of main ions, it is indicated that Na^＋ is mainly from marine moisture and other ions mainly originate from land dust. The non-marine source percent of Cl^-, NO3^- , SO4^2-, K^＋, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ is 52%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99.9% and 83%, respectively, in Hailuogou No.1 glacier, while the corresponding value in Baishui No.1 glacier is 68%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99% and 59%. The non-marine source of ions is from dust of Central Asia arid regions carried by westerly circulation and the plateau borne-areas with Qinghai-Tibet Plateau winter monsoon in two glacial areas. However, the import of local dust in glacial area has made a great contribution to ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier, which accounts for the reason why the ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier is much higher than that of Hailuogou No.1 glacier. It is obvious that the source of each ion is different between Hailuogou No.1 glacier and Baishui No.1 glacier. There are three reasons which can explain it： firstly, the difference in the internal environment of glacial area, such as lithology, mountain-valley wind system, topographical relief and so on; secondly, the influence exerted by ions elution in snowpacks section, and ions elution in Hailuogou No.1 glacier is very strong; and thirdly, the difference caused due to varying ions transporting styles, deposition modes, chemical characteristics and post-ions-deposition process. 相似文献
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具有百余年历史的美国国家公园志愿者服务已成为美国国家公园管理的重要部分,志愿者服务有效实现了美国国家公园的全民管理思路。通过实地考察和访谈记录梳理,就国家公园志愿者服务的相关概念、服务动机、服务决策、服务内容、服务支持和服务机制深入剖析,从庞大有序的服务系统、管理与运行、功能实现三方面分析国家公园志愿者服务机制;提炼出美国国家公园志愿者服务的四个支持：宣传支持、技术支持、学习支持和立法支持。并以美国海峡群岛国家公园为例进行论证。最后提出国家公园志愿者服务和中国国家公园志愿服务尚需研究的诸多内容,任重而道远。 相似文献
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William L. Graf 《The Professional geographer》2004,56(1):100-108
Geography is again becoming an integral part of the premier natural‐science agency of the federal government. Geographic research emphasizes the surface of the earth, a portion of the earth system that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) defines as the “critical zone.” Although geography was part of the USGS from the creation of the agency, in recent years geography in the agency has largely been limited to topographic mapping. Recently, the USGS and an advisory committee of the National Research Council (NRC) reviewed the role of geography at the Survey. The committee's report, along with ongoing decision‐making in the federal government, is likely to reshape geography in the USGS. The newly defined USGS has a regional structure and four disciplines: geology, hydrology, biology, and geography. The NRC report emphasizes the need for the creation of a spatial database called the National Map to replace the existing series of paper topographic maps. The report also outlines the need for geographic research in geographic information science (GIScience), nature‐society connections, and bridging of science to decision‐making. The NRC report has been briefed throughout the USGS, in the federal executive branch, and in Congress. The changing role for geography in the USGS requires change in the agency culture, revised budgetary decisions, and the establishment of a long‐term core agenda for research. Academic geographers will need to prepare a new generation of geographers for participation in the USGS and similar agencies. 相似文献
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Research on the evolution of cultural policy is the key in the field of public policy study, and it is also an important means to solve the problems that have emerged in cultural heritage management. The National Cultural Park is an innovative cultural heritage protection system proposed by Chinese leaders within the context of national rejuvenation and building a culturally-strong country campaign. From the perspective of system evolution theory, this paper systematically sorts out the ideas behind international heritage management and the evolutionary process of the Cultural Relics Protection Unit system, in an effort to explore the origin, innovation and vision of the National Cultural Park System. A review of the international heritage documents revealed that the principle of heritage protection has developed from “authenticity” to “integrity”, and the focus of the protection object has also changed from “monism” to “diversity”, which provided a theoretical background for the burgeoning National Cultural Park. The Cultural Relics Protection Unit system has been promoted as the most crucial cultural heritage management system in China. Therefore, this study sheds light on the evolution and limitations of the system that lays a practical foundation for the National Cultural Park System. There have been three stages in the history of China’s National Cultural Relics Protection Unit, namely, the creation of the system (1956-1965), the survival crisis of the system (1966-1977), and the rebirth and development of the system (1978 to the present), in which the main driving concepts of China's cultural heritage management have been sequentially elucidated as simple protectionism, tolerant conservatism and comprehensive developmentalism, respectively. Since the establishment of China’s Cultural Relics Protection Unit system, tremendous progress has been made not only in the enlightenment of the public’s mindset and but also in the development of system and culture. However, the changes in the institutional environment gradually exposed its limitations regarding cultural relic management and value expression. The National Cultural Park System is the fruit created by the internal contradictions of the cultural heritage system itself and the evolution of heritage theory. Its biggest innovation lies in the two core connotations of “integrated protection” and “integrated development”. In the future, as the National Cultural Park management system matures, a Chinese cultural heritage management system will take shape in which the National Cultural Parks become dominant and various cultural resources are utilized. Finally, the National Cultural Park will become a symbol of Chinese culture and will be internalized into the common belief system of the Chinese nation. 相似文献
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论国家公园的公益性、国家主导性和科学性 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
国家公园作为一种严格保护并合理利用自然文化资源的可持续发展理念和举措而在全球得到普遍认可和蓬勃发展。国际上的国家公园因为国情不同而有多种体制模式,但是国家公园的根本特性是共同一致、必须维护的。公益性、国家主导性和科学性这三大特性是国家公园的根本特性,其中公益性是国家公园设立的根本目的,它包括了为公众利益而设、对公众低廉收费、使公众受到教育、让公众积极参与等方面,而国家主导性和科学性则是践行公益性的两大保障,前者要求国家确立、国家管理、国家立法、国家维护和爱国主义教育,后者则要求建立科学的国家公园体系、科学的规划、科学的分区和科学的经营利用等。中国国家公园的建立,面临着国情特殊、现行保护地多头管理、保护利用压力大等问题,应该利用风景名胜区等保护地开展试点,制定统一的中国国家公园标准,采用准入制度,并逐步探索统一的管理体系和法规体系,最终建立统筹管理的、中国特色的国家公园制度。 相似文献
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中国国家公园的旅游发展 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
与其他国家的国家公园相比,中国的国家公园体系在部门管理体制下逐渐演变为7种类型:国家自然保护区、国家森林公园、国家地质公园、国家湿地公园、国家矿山公园、国家重点风景名胜区和国家水利风景区。在现状分析的基础上,通过各类国家公园知名度的比较,探讨不同类型国家公园的旅游价值,采用18等分法评价了中国31个省(市、区)国家公园的旅游竞争力,并对国家公园旅游的深化发展提出建议。 相似文献
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Due to the difficult logistics in the extreme high elevation regions over the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau, the observational meteorological data are very few. In 2003, an automatic weather station was deployed at the northeastern saddle of Mt. Nyainqentanglha (NQ) (30°24′44.3″ N, 90°34′13.1″ E, 5850 m a.s.l.), the southern Tibetan Plateau. In 2005, another station was operated at the East Rongbuk Glacier Col (28°01′0.95″ N, 86°57′48.4″ E, 6523 m a.s.l.) of Mt. Qomolangma. Observational data from the two sites have been compared with the reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR), reliability of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data has been investigated in the Himalayas/Tibetan Plateau region. The reanalysis data can capture much of the synoptic-scale variability in temperature and pressure, although the reanalysis values are systematically lower than the observation. Furthermore, most of the variability magnitude is, to some degree, underestimated. In addition, the weather event extracted from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed pressure and temperature prominently appears one day ahead of the observational data on Mt. Qomolangma, while on Mt. NQ it occurs basically in the same day. 相似文献