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阿塔卡玛盐湖的综合开发 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
近年来,智利阿塔卡玛盐湖的开发进展迅速。本文报道了阿塔卡玛盐湖的形成、资源、开发过程、主要技术路线、氯化钾和碳酸锂产品技术经济指标以及阿塔卡玛盐湖的开发前景。 相似文献
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新疆民丰县黄羊岭大型锑矿床矿化强度高、成矿规模大、矿石蚀变硅化程度高以及矿物组合简单,该矿属于典型的低温热液成矿,为新疆昆仑山腹地一处极具规模的锑矿床。本文结合笔者黄羊岭锑矿床勘察工作成果,并参考前人研究资料,对该锑矿床地质特征及矿床成因进行了相关探讨分析,以期为该地区今后深部找矿提供一定的参考依据。 相似文献
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本文主要叙述了新疆哈密沙泉子南部大水西地区钒矿的矿床类型、成矿地质条件及控矿构造,对比其他相关矿床的成因,探讨其成矿规律及成矿模式,为该地区下一步的勘探工作提供理论支持和依据。新疆哈密大水西地区钒矿位于下寒武统西大山组,属于黑色岩系层控—改造型矿床。该研究区钒矿具海相沉积成因的特点,经历了较复杂成矿期后的变质改造富集作用和后期次生氧化改造。沉积成岩阶段是本区钒矿床形成的初级阶段,该阶段生物作用对钒的初始富集起了重要作用。钒元素在地壳中呈分散状态存在,在水体中容易被许多生物吸收而浓集后期的构造运动和热液活动使矿源层中钒元素活化、萃取和再富集,并使其最终形成工业矿床。 相似文献
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《西部资源》2017,(5)
金坑矿床是近年来粤东地区新发现的规模达大型的多金属矿床,矿床位于广东莲花山断裂带核心区段,区内构造作用强烈,大面积分布火山活动产物,矿床的成矿地质体和矿床成因尚未定论,一直存在争议,本文通过对矿床岩浆岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,对比矿床中与锡石毒砂共生的辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年,结果显示细粒花岗岩年龄为141.0±0.3 Ma,辉钼矿年龄为141.3±1.0 Ma,两者年龄非常接近,综合分析矿床地球化学特征和成矿构造特征,笔者认为本区细粒花岗岩为矿床的主要成矿地质体,矿床成因类型为受动力变质带控制的岩浆期后热液裂隙充填(交代)的锡铜铅锌硫化物型矿床。笔者通过矿床成因的分析,总结了成矿规律,建立了"三位一体"成矿模式,进而达到指导粤东地区找矿工作的目的。 相似文献
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新疆查岗诺尔铁矿地质特征及成矿期次划分 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新疆和静县查岗诺尔铁矿床位于伊犁微板块北缘博罗科努岛弧带.矿区广泛出露石炭纪火山岩.该矿床由6个矿体组成,其中FeⅠ矿体为该铁矿床的主要矿体.主要矿石矿物磁铁矿的化学成分组成中,Fe2O3含量与SiO2含量大致呈此消彼长关系.矿区的主要矿物共生组合为磁铁矿+石榴石+阳起石(绿帘石)组合.矿床大致可以分为2个成矿时期和5个成矿阶段,即隐爆-矿浆成矿时期的矿浆成矿阶段和热液成矿阶段;隐爆-热液成矿期的磁铁矿-石榴石阶段、阳起石-绿帘石阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段.矿床成因属于受到热液作用叠加改造的火山岩型铁矿床. 相似文献
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《Basin Research》2018,30(3):395-425
The Centinela Mining District (CMD), Atacama Desert (northern Chile), includes several mid‐late Eocene porphyry Cu deposits that contains supergene mineralization and provides access to a record of gravel deposits that host syn‐sedimentary exotic Cu mineralized bodies. By studying these gravels, we reconstruct the unroofing history and constrain the geomorphological conditions that produced supergene and exotic Cu mineralization. We present an integrated study based on stratigraphic and sedimentological data, lithology clast counts, 40Ar/39Ar and U/Pb ages from interbedded tuff layers and U/Pb detrital zircon geochronology data. To relate the gravel deposition episodes to the timing of the supergene mineralization, we provide in‐situ and exotic supergene mineral ages (40Ar/39Ar and K‐Ar). Six gravel units were deposited between the mid‐Eocene and the mid‐Miocene. The Esperanza gravels were deposited concurrently with the emplacement of porphyry Cu deposits at depth. The subsequent Tesoro I, II and III and Atravesado gravels register the unroofing of these deposits, from the advanced argillic zone to the sericitic and prophylitic hypogene zones. The Arrieros gravels register landscape pediplanation, that is, denudational removal and wear of the landscape to base level on a relatively stable tectonic regime, occurring roughly contemporaneous with supergene activity. The supergene mineral ages of the CMD define a time span (ca. 25–12 Ma) during which most of the supergene ages cluster in northern Chile. This time span corresponds with a period of warm and humid climate conditions in the southern hemisphere. We conclude that landscape pediplanation favours supergene mineralization and helps preserve the former supergene mineralized zones from significant erosion. Low erosion rates during pediplanation may constitute a necessary condition for the efficiency of the supergene processes in such semi‐arid climate. 相似文献
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《Geomorphology》2006,73(1-2):101-114
The Atacama Desert of northern Chile and southern Peru has one of the longest histories of arid conditions known. Although most studies have focused on the hyper-aridity prevalent since the Miocene, all terrestrial sediments in the region from the late Triassic onwards also record evaporitic and thus arid climates. Supergene mineralization in the region did not develop under a more humid climate conducive to deep weathering, but under arid conditions. These processes may have been facilitated by hydrological changes during Miocene uplift and drainage incision, but were operational prior to the uplift. Similarly, global cooling and changes to oceanic circulation in the post Miocene period only accentuated existing conditions. A whole regolith perspective is vital to understanding the history of aridity in the Atacama Desert and its relevance to arid zone morphogenesis, regolith formation, and supergene mineralization. In particular, the long history of aridity raises the possibility that supergene mineralisation, under the appropriate conditions, form in arid environments, instead of requiring humid conditions. 相似文献
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Julio R. Gutiérrez Francisco López-Cortes Pablo A. Marquet 《Journal of Arid Environments》1998,40(4):383-399
Six sites between 0 m and 4000 m were sampled for plant and soil chemical characteristics along the Río Loa, Atacama Desert, Chile. Sites located between 0 m and 1500 m showed lower species richness, higher plant cover and higher herbaceous productivity than the upper part of the altitudinal gradient. The number of species varied non-linerly with precipitation along the altitudinal gradient. Plant cover and herbaceous productivity in the lowlands is characterized by thePluchea absinthioides Distichlis spicataassociation of anthropic origin. We propose that vegetation structure along the altitudinal gradient has been affected by past and present human activities, and climatic and edaphic factors. 相似文献
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Climatic and halokinetic controls on alluvial–lacustrine sedimentation during compressional deformation,Andean forearc,northern Chile 
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下载免费PDF全文 Laura A. Evenstar Adrian J. Hartley Stuart G. Archer Joyce E. Neilson 《Basin Research》2016,28(5):634-657
The Salar de Atacama forms one of a series of forearc basins developed along the western flank of the Central Andes. Exposed along the northwest margin of the basin, a salt‐cored range, the Cordillera de la Sal, records the Mid‐Miocene to recent sedimentological and structural development of this basin. Sediments of the Mid‐Miocene Vilama Formation record the complex interaction between regional/local climate change, halokinesis and compressional deformation. This study reveals how these factors have controlled the facies development and distribution within the Salar de Atacama. Detailed sedimentary logging, cross‐sections and present day geomorphology through the northern Cordillera de la Sal have been used to establish a lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy and the regional distribution of the Vilama Formation. The Vilama Formation documents an increase in aridity with a hiatus in sedimentation from Mid‐Miocene to 9 Ma with initial uplift of the Cordillera de la Sal. From 9 Ma to 8.5 Ma deposition of a meandering fluvial system is recorded followed by a rapid decrease in sedimentation till 6 Ma. From 6 to 2 Ma, the deposition of extensive palustrine carbonates and distal alluvial–mudflat–lacustrine demonstrates the existence of an extensive lake within the Salar de Atacama. Post 2 Ma, the lake decreased in size and braided alluvial gravels associated with alluvial fans were widespread through the region suggesting a final shift to hyperarid conditions. By comparing the Vilama Formation with similar age facies throughout northern Chile and southern Peru, several shifts in climate are recognized. Climate signatures within northern Chile appear to be largely diachronous with the last regional event in the Mid‐Miocene. Since that time, humid events have been restricted to either Precordillerian basins or the Central Atacama. Within the Central Atacama, the final switch to hyperarid conditions was not till the earliest Pleistocene, much later than previously estimated within the region. 相似文献
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W. Berry Lyons Mark E. Hines David T. Long John M. McArthur Susan Welch 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1993,2(2):173-189
We have analyzed nitrate in saline groundwaters from the Lake Tyrrell region of north-western Victoria and the Norseman-Salmon
Gums region of south-eastern Western Australia. These are regions where acid (pH<4) groundwater exists naturally. The nitrate
concentrations of these groundwaters are ∼5–10 times lower than nitrate concentrations from other arid and semi-arid regions
around the world and in Australia. The source of the nitrate to the groundwater is soil organic matter, not anthropogenic
activity. The data from the Lake Tyrrell system suggest that the gain and loss of fixed nitrogen are probably important biogeochemical
processes in the early evolution of these waters. Nitrate reduction also occurs in the shallow groundwaters of Western Australia.
Nitrate reduction is very low due to the low concentrations of organic matter present. Groundwaters in both of these systems
eventually discharge along the edges of playas. This process may concentrate nitrate in the surficial salts of the playa. 相似文献
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基于盐湖资源的硝酸熔盐储能材料性能研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
太阳能光热发电是可再生能源发展的主要方向。作为太阳能光热发电的核心技术,熔融盐以热容量大、粘度低、蒸汽压低、使用温度范围宽等诸多独特的性能优势,成为光热发电储能的首选。相比之下,硝酸熔盐具有优良的传热和流体流动等特性,使其在光热储热系统中的性能优势较为突出。我国盐湖地区具备太阳能光热发电的发展空间和优势,丰富的无机盐资源可以降低相关相变储能材料的生产成本,有利于推进太阳能的规模化发展、能源结构的调整优化。据此,立足于盐湖资源的开发利用,以硝酸盐系列传热蓄热介质的工业应用为背景,针对产业化的二元硝酸盐熔盐做了更深入的系统研究;在此基础上,通过添加硝酸镁,制备了低熔点的三元熔盐储能材料;并将碳纳米管引入到硝酸盐体系,进一步提升了其导热性能。这不仅为硝酸熔盐储热材料的制备提供了理论基础,也为其在光热发电的应用打开了更多的可能性。 相似文献
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Clara J Deal 《极地研究》2008,19(2):185-192
Nitrate is considered the nutrient that limits new primary production in the southeastern Bering Sea shelf.Nitrate regenerated through biological nitrification has the potential to significantly support primary production as well.Here we use measurements of the specific rate of water column nitrification in a 1-D ecosystem model to quantify the resupply of nitrate from nitrification in the middle shelf of the southeastern Bering Sea.Model sensitivity studies reveal nitrification rate is an important control on the dominant phytoplankton functional type,and the amount of nitrate in summer bottom waters and in the winter water column.Evaluation of nitrification using the model supports the hypothesis that increases in late-summer nitrate concentrations observed in the southeastern Bering Sea bottom waters are due to nitrification.Model results for nitrate replenishment exceed previously estimated rates of 20-30%based on observations.The results of this study indicate that nitrification,potentially the source of up to～38%of the springtime water column nitrate,could support～24%of the annual primary production. 相似文献
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Lithium and its compounds have very important applications in the new energy sources, new materials, and information technique industries. Lithium has two types of resources in nature: hard rock, e.g. Spodumene (LiAlSi2O6), Petalite(LiAlSi4O10), Lepidolite(K(Li,Al)3(Si,Al)4O10(F,OH)2), and brines, e.g. salt lake brines, oil well brines, underground brines etc. The biggest producer of Li commodities SQM in the world produces Li compounds from brines of famous salt lake Atacama on the central Andes Mountains in Chile 相似文献
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新疆是我国沙漠面积最大的省区, 沙漠面积达40.4万平方公里, 占全国沙漠面积的63%, 占新疆总面积的25%。其中塔里木盆地的塔克拉玛干沙漠, 不但是我国最大的沙漠, 也是世界上第二大流动型沙漠。 相似文献