共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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海水入侵水化学指标及侵染程度评价研究 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：25
选择Ｃｌ＾,Ｍ、Ｂｒ＾－,ｒＨＣＯ３／ｒＣｌ及ＳＡＲ５项水化学要素作为综合判断海水入侵的指标：染程度划分为４级;确定了各项指标入程度的等级范围。入侵程度的衡理采用模糊数学综合判模型。 相似文献
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运用数理统计和模糊数学评价秦皇岛洋戴河平原的海水入侵程度 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
运用数理统计方法获取秦皇岛洋戴河平原地下潜水和海水的水化学统计特征,据此优选出4项海水入侵评判指标,建立各评判指标的背景值及指标等级体系,并将模糊数学综合评价法和地理信息系统结合起来评价研究区潜水含水层的海水入侵程度。研究结果表明:氯离子Cl-、电导率EC、溶解总固体TDS和潜在盐度是指示本区潜水含水层海水入侵程度的最佳指标,其判别海水入侵发生的下限值分别为250 mg/L、1 250μs/cm、700mg/L和8.5 meq/L;洋戴河平原潜水含水层的海水入侵程度总体上为中等水平,洋、戴河间浦河一带的潜水含水层海水入侵程度最为强烈。 相似文献
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Ｈ＾＋,Ｌｉ＾＋,Ｍｇ＾２＋／Ｃｌ＾－－Ｈ２Ｏ四元体系０℃,２０℃,４０℃的溶解度预测中需要大量参数,而这些参数的获得,依赖于盐酸－碱金属氯化物－水三元体系和ＨＣｌ－ＬｉＣｌ－ＭｇＣｌ２－Ｈ２Ｏ四元体系的热力学性质。总结了近５０年来国内外对上述体系的热力学性质的研究,为Ｈ＾＋,Ｌｉ＾＋,Ｍｇ＾２＋／Ｃｌ＾－－Ｈ２Ｏ四元体系０℃,２０℃,４０℃的溶解度预测奠定基础,同时为Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ模型增添更合理的 相似文献
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针对海水入侵现状评价中单指标(Cl-或矿化度)评价方法的片面性和不确定性等问题,本文将熵值理论和属性识别模型相结合,建立了熵权属性识别模型,并将其应用于滨海地区海水入侵现状评价中。以潍北平原8 个海水入侵实测点为应用实例进行研究。结果表明,潍北平原大部分地区海水入侵属于轻度侵染,水质为微咸水,东部地区(6、8 号点位)在5 月份海水入侵属于较严重侵染,但在11 月份侵染程度减缓,可能的原因是气候因素(降水增加、海平面上升)以及人为因素(地下水抽水量减少)等共同影响的结果。同时,5 月及11 月各个测点海水入侵侵染排序略有差异,但是差异较小。通过实例证明,该方法通俗易懂,计算方法简洁明了,便于掌握和应用,为海水入侵现状评价提供了一种可行有效的方法。 相似文献
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本文介绍南极拉斯曼丘陵湖泊水化学特征。对１３个湖泊的调查和统计分析表明，湖水以Ｎａ＋和Ｃｌ－为主要优势离子，不含有ＣＯ３２－离子，营养物质（Ｎ、Ｐ、ＳｉＯ２）在湖水中普遍偏低，而且湖水和雪样无机氮组分均以ＮＨ４＋为主，水化学类型比较单一，都属氯化物Ｎａ＋型贫营养水体。Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－、ＳＯ４２－的高浓度，特别是Ｂｉｇ湖、莫愁湖和Ｈｅａｒｔ湖水中离子含量明显的高，指示拉斯曼丘陵地区的降水来源以海洋气团为主，并受海洋环境影响强烈。微量元素分布在０．０１～２．０μｇ／ｌ之间，接近于水圈这些元素的浓度值。 相似文献
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希夏邦马峰冰川粒雪中环境季节变化记录研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
在希夏邦马峰达索普冰川海技７０００ｍ冰雪平台钻取１４ｍ粒雪芯一支。通过对粒雪芯中δ＾１８Ｏ和主要离子浓度的季节变化分析,认识希夏邦马峰地区大气环境的季节变化特征。相关分析和经验正交函数（ＥＯＦ）分析结果表明,达索普粒雪芯内的δ＾１８Ｏ与Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋、ＳＯ４＾２－、ＮＯ３＾－和ＮＨ４＾＋浓度之间正相关显著,而与Ｎａ＾＋、Ｃｌ＾－和Ｋ＾＋浓度之间的关系不明显。ＥＯＦ１代表了以尘埃来源为主的离 相似文献
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Seawater intrusion is a special process of groundwater pollution. The contemporary seawater intrusion and buried paleobrine intrusion especially the latter in eastern and southern coasts of Laizhou Bay are the most representative ones in the world [1]. According to the research on seawater intrusion at home and abroad, In-depth studies on change process and mechanism of hydrochemical composition, while ion adsorption and exchange between the permeable stratum and groundwater are studied shall… 相似文献
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Eastern and southern coastal zones of Laizhou Bay are the most representative seawater intruded areas in the world, with two intrusion sources of contemporary seawater and paleobrine. In order to reveal the complicated hydrochemical changing process and the mechanism of fresh groundwater being polluted by saltwater, we conducted long-term observation and hydrochemical analysis at four observing sections of typical salt-fresh water transitional zone. The study indicates that seawater and brine intrusion processes have different hydrochemical features, and that ion exchange and adsorption actions between water and aquifer produce great influence on the intrusion. 相似文献
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The south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay is one of the typical salt-water intrusion areas in China, the occurrence and development of which was closely related with the pa-laeoenvironment evolution. Systematic analyses of pollen, foraminifera and grain size com-position based on 14C and luminescence dating from two sediment cores were performed for the purpose of understanding the salt-water intrusion in the coastal plain of Laizhou Bay from the perspective of environmental evolution since late Pleistocene. It could be classified into seven evolution stages since 120 kaBP: 120–85 kaBP was a transition period from cold to warm; 85–76 kaBP was a period with warm and wet climate having swamp lakes developed in the lower reaches of the Weihe River, south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay; 76–50 kaBP was characterized by grassland vegetation and coarse sediments in terrestrial environment, which was the early stage of Dali Ice-Age; 50–24 kaBP was a period with alternate sea deposition in the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay; 24–10 kaBP was the late stage of Dali Ice-Age with coldest period of Quaternary, the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay was dry grassland and loess deposition environment; 10–4 kaBP was another warm and wet climate period, sea level was high and regressed at 4 kaBP; and has been the modern sedimentary environment since 4 kaBP. Among the three warm stages, including 85–76 kaBP, 50–24 kaBP and 10–4 kaBP, corresponded to late Yangkou, Guangrao and Kenli seawater transgression respec-tively. The duration of the latter one in south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay was longer than that in west coast of Bohai Sea and east coast of Laizhou Bay. The three periods of seawater transgression formed the foundation of salt-water intrusion in this area. 相似文献
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The south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay is one of the typical salt-water intrusion areas in China, the occurrence and development of which was closely related with the palaeoenvironment evolution. Systematic analyses of pollen, foraminifera and grain size composition based on ^14C and luminescence dating from two sediment cores were performed for the purpose of understanding the salt-water intrusion in the coastal plain of Laizhou Bay from the perspective of environmental evolution since late Pleistocene. It could be classified into seven evolution stages since 120 kaBP： 120-85 kaBP was a transition period from cold to warm; 85-76 kaBP was a period with warm and wet climate having swamp lakes developed in the lower reaches of the Weihe River, south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay; 76-50 kaBP was characterized by grassland vegetation and coarse sediments in terrestrial environment, which was the early stage of Dali Ice-Age; 50-24 kaBP was a period with alternate sea deposition in the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay; 24-10 kaBP was the late stage of Dali Ice-Age with coldest period of Quaternary, the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay was dry grassland and loess deposition environment; 10-4 kaBP was another warm and wet climate period, sea level was high and regressed at 4 kaBP; and has been the modern sedimentary environment since 4 kaBP. Among the three warm stages, including 85-76 kaBP, 50-24 kaBP and 10-4 kaBP, corresponded to late Yangkou, Guangrao and Kenli seawater transgression respectively. The duration of the latter one in south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay was longer than that in west coast of Bohai Sea and east coast of Laizhou Bay. The three periods of seawater transgression formed the foundation of salt-water intrusion in this area. 相似文献
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莱州湾南岸湿地水文环境变化与可持续的水资源管理对策 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
水文环境变化能影响滨海湿地生态系统的结构和功能。受气候干旱、河流断流、陆源污染物输入、地下咸-卤水入侵以及各种海洋灾害日益加剧等因素的影响,最近30多年来莱州湾南岸滨海湿地严重退化,表现为历史时期形成的淡水湖泊湿地现在大都已经退化消失,大面积的潮上带自然湿地被虾蟹池、盐田等人工湿地取代,潮间带湿地底质和潮下带湿地水质不断恶化,赤潮等海洋灾害多发,湿地生物多样性受损,渔业资源衰退等。针对导致湿地退化的原因,提出了提高水资源利用效率和节约利用淡水资源,加强水环境整治与保护,严格控制污染物入海减轻对湿地的污染,实施跨流域调水工程来增加湿地蓄水量以满足湿地生态需水,减轻海洋灾害等恢复和重建退化湿地的水资源可持续管理对策。 相似文献
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莱州湾南岸咸水入侵区晚更新世以来的古环境演变 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
莱州湾南岸是我国典型的咸水入侵区,古环境变化构成了现代咸水入侵发生的背景。本文通过对潍河下游地区A1、A5孔岩芯系统的孢粉、有孔虫、粒度、14C及热释光测年资料的分析,结合100余个钻孔的沉积特征,论述了莱州湾南岸地区晚更新世以来的古环境演化特征。本区经历了三次明显的冷暖气候波动,三次显著的暖湿期为85～76kaBP、50～24kaBP、10～4kaBP,为海陆过渡相沉积环境,这三个时期分别与晚更新以来的三次海侵相对应,与相邻区域相比,全新世海侵开始早、结束晚;两次冷干期为76～50kaBP、24～10kaBP,分别对应于早大理冰期、晚大理冰期,为陆相沉积环境。 相似文献
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刘卫东 《云南地理环境研究》1993,5(1):34-39
本文从区域资源与产业结构、空间结构的协调机制出发,认为解决环渤海地区水资源短缺问题,不在于大规模压缩,调整大耗水的重化工业的发展,而在于建设滨海节淡水产业带,即将重化工业项目布局于滨海以尽可能利用海水节约淡水。本文还论述了工业大规模利用海水的可行性以及主要工业部门可利用海水趋势。 相似文献
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莱州湾南岸咸水入侵区土地利用/覆被变化驱动机理研究 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
借助于典型自相关模型分析,将众多变量归纳为少数几个综合变量,并分别就这些综合变量进行系统阐述。影响研究区土地利用变化的社会经济因素可以归纳为:人口增长、产业结构调整、工业发展与城镇化等综合指标,并分别对各不同影响因素进行阐述。在自然因素方面,咸水入侵与土地利用结构特征及其变化方向具有相关性,它是可以综合反映自然驱动因素的代表性因子。 相似文献