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1.
比较了南海北部海洋鱼类石油烃含量的地理差异,结果表明：被研究的５个海区中,广州湾海洋鱼类的石油烃含量明显高于北部湾（Ｐ〈０．０５）和红海弯（Ｐ〈０．０５）,该３个海区和珠江口明显高地台湾浅滩（Ｐ〈０．０１）,其余的两两之间没有统计学差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。利用海洋环境质量调查和监测资料进行分析,说明这种地理分布特征与南海北部近岸海域的石油烃污染有直接关系。 相似文献
2.
杨吝 《广东海洋大学学报》1999,(3)
南海位于４°Ｎ～２３°３５′Ｎ，１０５°４０′Ｅ～１１７°３０′Ｅ之间，是中国四大海区中最大的海区，面积为３．５×１０６ｋｍ２，其中大陆架面积约占总面积的一半以上，仅南海北部大陆架（２００ｍ等深线以内）海域面积约３．７４×１０５ｋｍ［１］。南海北部地理自然环境优越，渔业资源丰富，渔场广阔。南海渔民在长期的生产实践中，根据资源和渔场的实际情况开发了具有南海特色的各种适应性渔具渔法，大大地推动了南海渔业的发展。１ 渔获概况 南海区（包括广东、广西和海南三省）海洋捕捞业渔获量８０％来自南海北部沿岸近… 相似文献
3.
琼东近海浮标污损生物研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解南海北部近海石油开发区的污损生物状况,对海南岛东部近海海区的两个浮标及其锚锭系统上的污损生物进行了调查。结果表明,该海区污损生物的种类主要是藻类、水螅、有柄蔓足类和牡蛎;南海沿岸水域常见的无柄蔓足类仅出现在距海南岛相对较近的J2浮标站。并探讨了该海区的污损生物群落结构与邻近沿岸水域的差异。 相似文献
4.
杨吝 《广东海洋大学学报》2001,21(1):73-77
南海是中国四大海区吕最大的海区 ,海域面积辽阔 ,其中大陆架面积约占总面积的一半以上 ,仅北部大陆架 (2 0 0 m等深线以浅 )海域面积约 3.74× 1 0 5km2 ,海区平均水深 1 2 1 2 m,海洋水文环境相对稳定 ,具有热带和亚热海洋的特征。南海北部地下自然环境优越 ,沿岸入海河流多 ,径流量大 ,水质肥沃 ,渔业资源丰富 ,渔场广阔 ,全区海底为大面积平缓地带 ,为发展海洋渔业提供了有利条件。但是 ,目前南海区海洋捕捞渔业的形势并不乐观。1 渔业现状1 .1 渔船数量及其功率不断增加 据报告 ,南海区海洋捕捞机动渔船从 1 95 3年的 4艘 ,发展到… 相似文献
5.
琼东近海浮标污损生物研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解南海北部近海石油开发区的污损生物状况,对海南岛东部近海海区的两个浮标及其锚锭系统上的污损生物进行了调查。结果表明,该海区污损生物的种类主要是藻类,水螅,有柄蔓足类和牡蛎;南海沿岸水域常见的无柄蔓足类仅出现在距海南岛相对较近的Ｊ２浮标站。并探讨了该海区的污损生物群落结构与邻近沿岸水域的差异。 相似文献
6.
南海北部渔场表层沉积物中的硫化物 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了给南海北部渔场的资源和环境保护提供基础数据,用碘量法测定了南海北部陆架区表层沉积物中硫化物含量。结果表明，全部28份样品中硫化物含量为3．3－4．2mg/kg（干重，下同），平均为12．1mg/kg，符合外海含量低的一般规律，明显低于沿岸海湾的含量，远低于日本渔业环境质量标准（200mg/kg）和安全下限值（400mg/kg）。硫化物含量在测站间和不同区域间存在一定差异，南北方和呈近岸（13．1mg/kg）略高于离岸（12．1mg/kg）、离岸略高于远岸（11．1mg/kg）的梯度分布，但梯度差异不显著（P＞0．10）；东西方向的分布特点是粤西海域（23．7mg/kg）＞海南岛以东（125．3mg/kg）＞台湾浅滩（9．4mg/kg）≈粤东海域（8．7mg/kg）≈珠江口外外海域（8．6mg/kg)。空间分布不太均匀主要是受沉积物类型的影响，与陆源硫化物输入的关系不大。 相似文献
7.
8.
根据 1997年 12月至 1999年 6月在南海北部陆架区海域进行的底拖网渔业资源调查的资料 ,统计分析了南海北部陆架区海域深水金线鱼性腺成熟期的组成及分布、季节性变化和水深变化规律。结果表明 ,南海北部陆架区海域深水金线鱼的产卵场位于广东沿海水深 6 0～ 15 0m海区 ,尤其是珠江口外海区的群体更为密集 ;该生殖群体的产卵期较长 ,且分布范围大 ,未见有显著性变化。 相似文献
9.
珠母贝人工苗养殖研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在不同海区、不同水层养殖珠母贝人工苗，及用不同方法进行养殖小贝。结果表明：在开放性、半开放性、内湾性海区养殖11个月后．珠母贝壳高分别为64．5、51．4、69．8mrn．成活率分别为6．4％、0．8％、0．5％，其生长和成活率具有显著差异（P〈0．05）；同海区中3m、6m、9m、12m、15m水层养殖11个月后．珠母贝壳高分别为64．5、67．4、62．8、56．9、51．9mm．成活率分别为6．4％、6．8％、8．1％、11．7％、13．9％．随着水层的加深．珠母贝的生长变慢．成活率提高且差异显著（P〈0．05）；6个月龄小贝用穿耳法、片笼法、锥型笼法养殖5个月后．壳高分别长成56．1、55．7、51．7mm．成活率分别为72．6％、59．9％、51．7％，其生长和成活率具有显著差异（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
10.
用96只1日龄广东三黄鸡，研究了饲料添加0．2％或0．3％的寡糖对肉鸡生产性能与免疫机能的影响。结果表明：饲料中添加0．2％的寡糖能显著提高11—30日龄肉鸡的增重、免疫器官指数及新城疫HI抗体滴度（P〈0．05），血液白细胞吞噬率和血清IgG含量亦高于对照组，但组间差异不显著；添加0．2％或0．3％的寡糖能明显改善全期的饲料转化率（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
11.
深圳湾海水石油烃分布特征及其相关因素的探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2008年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和11月(秋季)对深圳湾海水中石油烃进行4个航次的调查,研究深圳湾石油烃的分布特征,并对与其相关因素之间的关系进行了探讨。结果表明:整个深圳湾海域石油含量基本呈现出自湾内到湾外逐渐降低的平面分布特征;石油烃含量在季节上存在一定的差异:ρ冬季>ρ夏季>ρ春季>ρ秋季;石油烃与环境因子Chl-a、DIN存在极显著正相关(P<0.01),其相关系数分别为0.90,0.86,与DIP存在显著相关(P<0.05),相关系数为0.78。 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(3)
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) have been considered as emerging contaminants in nature owing to their wide distribution and human health risk. Anthropogenic activities can increase the diversity and abundance of ARGs and promote their spread in environment. Offshore environment is affected by multiple types of anthropogenic activities, of which excessive accumulation of petroleum substances poses a serious threat. Our previous experimental study has demonstrated that petroleum can increase the abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes(SRGs) in the seawater through horizontal gene transfer. However, the influence of petroleum substances on SRGs in offshore environment, especially adjacent the petroleum exploitation platform, is still unclear. Therefore, the effect of offshore oil exploitation on SRGs was investigated in the surface sediments collected from the Liaodong Bay, north China. The genes of sul1 and sul2 were present in all of the collected samples, while the sul3 gene was not detected in any sediments. The absolute abundance of sul2 gene in each sample was higher than sul1 gene. Class 1 integrons enhanced the maintenance and propagation of sul1 gene but not sul2 gene. More importantly, the results indicate that the absolute abundance of sul2 gene present in the offshore sediments that affected by petroleum exploitation was significantly higher than those in control. These findings provided direct evidence that offshore oil exploitation can influence the propagation of SRGs and implied that a more comprehensive risk assessment of petroleum substances to public health risks should be conducted. 相似文献
13.
海洋动物体石油烃污染评价标准参考值的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前，国内外尚无颁布任何海洋生物石油污染评价标准，为了满足海洋生物石油污染评价的需要，本文采用综合分析与毒理学分析相结合的方法，探讨和提出了海洋动物石油污染评价标准参考值，海洋鱼类、贝类和甲壳类的石油污染评价标准参考值（干重）分别为１５、７０ 和２５ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。 相似文献
14.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, tideland reclamation as a huge project has continuously extended from inland to the sea for the socioeconomic development, like Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other coastal regions in China. The increase of land area alleviated the contradiction of supply and demand between human and land, which provided the guarantee for agricultural production and industrial development. However, marine ecological environment has been seriously damaged due to the increasing scale of tideland reclamation. This paper took the Hangzhou Bay in the Yangtze River Delta as a study area to explore the evolution law, socioeconomic effect and eco-environmental effect of reclaimed land from 1985 to 2015. The result showed that as follows: (1) The area of tideland reclamation was 460.67 km2 with 16.57% cultivated land and 15.93% construction land, and its land use was inefficient; (2) Land use change has spatial and temporal difference, the speed of tideland reclamation had been increasing from 1985 to 2015 in time and the scale of reclaimed land in the southern (84.07%) of Hangzhou Bay was larger than the northern region (15.93%) in space; (3) The evolution law of land use was from tideland to swampland and coastal waters to agricultural facility land, to cultivated land to industrial-mining land to idle land, rural-urban construction land, and formed obviously hierarchical structure; (4) Effect analysis of land use change found that the socio-economic effect had increased but the eco-environmental effect had decreased from 1985 to 2015, it reflected socioeconomic effect was acquired through sacrificing ecoenvironmental effect; (5) It pointed out the existing problems on land extensive inefficient, environmental degradation and economy excessive growth without scientific planning, and offered some suggestions in land comprehensive improvement project, industrial transformation and upgrading and scientific planning and legal safeguard to promote sustainable development in the Hangzhou Bay in the new period. 相似文献
15.
Liaodong Bay is one of the largest semi-enclosed bays located in Bohai Sea, in northeast China. It is an important feeding and spawning place, even wintering and breeding migration base for many marine organisms. The size structure of phytoplankton communities is a key feature of marine ecosystems and can be used as an indicator for algae disaster, but the methods to evalute is still challenging. Here, we compared the size-fractionated chlorophyll-a method with a high-throughout sequencing method in an evaluation of the size structure of phytoplankton assemblages in Liaodong Bay, China, in 2014. The proportion of picophytoplankton was estimated at just 19% according to the results based on size-fractionated chlorophyll-a, which likely represents a severe underestimation. The sequencing method confirmed that many kinds of phytoplankton species appeared in more than one size-fractionated filter membrane, with some even dominating where the filter membrane pore size was greater than the individual phytoplankton size. According to the sequencing method, the phytoplankton assemblages in Liaodong Bay were dominated by picophytoplankton(average proportion = 44%), followed by the nanophytoplankton(average 32%), a composition that is more consistent with other studies. The sequencing method provides a more robust way to assess the size structure and taxonomic diversity of marine phytoplankton communities. 相似文献
16.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,(2)
The goal of this paper is to explore the relationship between the inorganic elemental fingerprint and the geographical origin identification of Meretricis concha,which is a commonly used marine traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for the treatment of asthma and scald burns.For that,the inorganic elemental contents of Meretricis concha from five sampling points in Jiaozhou Bay have been determined by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry,and the comparative investigations based on the contents of 14 inorganic elements(Al,As,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Hg,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se and Zn) of the samples from Jiaozhou Bay and the previous reported Rushan Bay were performed.It has been found that the samples from the two bays are approximately classified into two kinds using hierarchical cluster analysis,and a four-factor model based on principle component analysis could explain approximately 75% of the detection data,also linear discriminant analysis can be used to develop a prediction model to distinguish the samples from Jiaozhou Bay and Rushan Bay with accuracy of about 93%.The results of the present investigation suggested that the inorganic elemental fingerprint based on the combination of the measured elemental content and chemometric analysis is a promising approach for verifying the geographical origin of Meretricis concha,and this strategy should be valuable for the authenticity discrimination of some marine TCM. 相似文献
17.
Analysis and comparison of Jiaozhou Bay data collected from May 1991 to February 1994 (12 seasonal investigations) provided
by the Ecological Station of Jiaozhou Bay revealed the characteristic spatiotemporal variation of the ambient concentration
Si∶DIN and Si∶16P ratios and the seasonal variation of Jiaozhou Bay Si∶DIN and Si∶16P ratios showing that the Si∶DIN ratios
were <1 throughout the year in Jiaozhou Bay; and that the Si∶16P ratios were <1 throughout Jiaozhou Bay in spring, autumn
and winter. The results proved that silicate limited phytoplankton growth in spring, autumn and winter in Jiaozhou Bay. Analysis
of the Si∶DIN and Si∶P ratios showed that the nutrient Si has been limiting the growth of phytoplankton throughout the year
in some Jiaozhou Bay waters; and that the silicate deficiency changed the phytoplankton assemblage structure.
Analysis of discontinuous 1962 to 1998 nutrient data showed that there was no N or P limitation of phytoplankton growth in
that period. The authors consider that the annual cyclic change of silicate limits phytoplankton growth in spring, autumn
and winter every year in Jiaozhou Bay; and that in many Jiaozhou Bay waters where the phytoplankton as the predominant species
need a great amount of silicate, analysis of the nutrients N or P limitation of phytoplankton growth relying only on the N
and P nutrients and DIN∶P ratio could yield inaccurate conclusions. The results obtained by applying the rules of absolute
and relative limitation fully support this view.
The authors consider that the main function of nutrient silicon is to regulate and control the mechanism of the phytoplankton
growth process in the ecological system in estuaries, bays and the sea.
The authors consider that according to the evolution theory of Darwin, continuous environmental pressure gradually changes
the phytoplankton assemblage's structure and the physiology of diatoms. Diatoms requiring a great deal of silicon either constantly
decrease or reduce their requirement for silicon. This will cause a series of huge changes in the ecosystem so that the whole
ecosystem requires continuous renewal, change and balancing. Human beings have to reduce marine pollution and enhance the
capacity of continental sources to transport silicon to sustain the continuity and stability in the marine ecosystem.
This study was funded by the NSFC (No. 40036010) and subsidized by Special Funds from the National Key Basic Research Program
of P. R. China (G199990437), the Postdoctoral Foundation of Ocean University of Qingdao, the Director's Foundation of the
Beihai Monitoring Center of the State Oceanic Administration and the Foundation of Shanghai Fisheries University. 相似文献
18.
To investigate the effect of the water soluble fraction of crude oil(WSF) on marine bivalves, the scallop C hlamys farreri was exposed to three WSF concentrations(0.18 mg/L, 0.32 mg/L, and 0.51 mg/L, respectively) in seawater. Petroleum hydrocarbon contents in scallops and a suite of enzymes [7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase(AHH), glutathione S-transferase(GST), and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)] in gills and digestive glands were monitored over 10 days. The results revealed that WSF affected the activity of the four enzymes in the gills and digestive glands. EROD activity in the gills was significantly induced in most individuals of the three test groups, while in the digestive gland it was significantly induced in the low-concentration group within 4 days but was inhibited in the middle- and high-concentration groups on days 1, 4, and 10. AHH activity in the gills of all treatment groups was significantly induced on day 1. In the digestive gland, AHH activity was induced in most individuals from the treatment groups. In all treatment groups, GST activity was significantly inhibited from days 2 to 10 in the gills and was induced after day 4 in the digestive gland. GPx activity in the gills was significantly inhibited throughout the exposure period in all treatment groups. There was no overall significant difference in GPx activity in the digestive gland between the control and treatment groups. Our results also revealed that petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in the tissues increased linearly with exposure time. EROD activity in the digestive gland and GST and GPx activity in the gill tissue were negatively correlated with petroleum hydrocarbon body burden. These enzymes play important roles in detoxification and can act as potential biomarkers for monitoring petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in the marine environment. 相似文献
19.
Response of microbial community to petroleum stress and phosphate dosage in sediments of Jiaozhou Bay,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZHAO Yangguo CHEN Min BAI Jie LI Xinwei Farhana Zulfiqar and WANG Qianli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(2):249-256
The dynamic microcosms were used to evaluate the effect of oil spills on microbial ecological system in marine sediment and the enhancement of nutrient on the oil removal. The function and structure of microbial community caused by the oil pollution and phosphate dosage were simultaneously monitored by dehydrogenase activity assay and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) techniques. The results indicated that the amount of total bacteria in all dynamic microcosms declined rapidly with incubation time. The number of petroleum-degrading bacteria and the activity of sediment dehydrogenase were gradually enhanced by petroleum in the oil-treated microcosms, while they both showed no obvious response to phosphate dosage. In comparison, phosphate spiked heterotrophic bacteria and they showed a significant increase in amount. DGGE profiles indicated that petroleum dosage greatly changed community structure, and the bacteria belonged to class Deltaproteobacteria, and phyla Bacteroidetes and Chlorobi were enriched. This study demonstrated that petroleum input greatly impacted the microbial community structure and consequently the marine sediment petroleum-degrading activity was enhanced. Phosphate dosage would multiply heterotrophic bacteria but not significantly enhance the petroleum degradation. 相似文献
20.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN AMMONIUM UPTAKE AND NITRATE UPTAKE BY NATURAL PHYTOPLANKTONASSEMBLAGES 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
焦念志 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,11(2):97-107
Measurements of ammonium and nitrate uptakes by natural phytoplankton assemblages from Jiaozhou Bay at various combinations of ammonium and nitrate concentrations with 15N trace techniques showed that uptake rate of either nitrogen was influenced by the presence of the other but that the influence of ammonium on nitrate uptake was much greater than, that of nitrate on ammonium uptake. The influence mechanism of ammonium on nitrate uptake manifested as competition at lower concentrations and as inhibition at higher concentrations (ammonium concentration >0.6 umol/L), but no total inhibition appeared within the concentration.range of the experiments (0-10umol/L). The influence of nitrate on ammonium uptake seems to be a result of competition for uptake sites on the cell surface. In view of the in situ nutrient concentration in the given marine . environment, it is believed that both nitrogen sources are utilized by phytoplankton. Nitrate uptake in the presence of ammonium and ammonium uptake in the presen 相似文献