共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
对自然发生的斑节对虾烂鳃病进行了病理组织切片观察,发现病虾由杆状细菌感染造成鳃丝萎缩、坏死,鳃小片呼吸上皮脱落,鳃血中有菌团存在,而且病虾的肝胰脏、胃、肠、心脏等器官组织受毒素影响而发生组织变性坏死。证实斑节对虾烂鳃病由杆状细菌感染引起。本文对细菌引起虾体的损害及对虾的防御机制进行了探讨,认为斑节对虾是由于细菌感染造成鳃呼吸功能障碍和细菌毒血症造成肝胰脏功能障碍而死亡。 相似文献
2.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(6)
对低盐胁迫下体质量(11.34±2.13)g红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)的鳃、肾和肠组织结构进行显微观察,探讨组织结构变化与渗透压的关系。结果表明,低盐胁迫下,鳃丝和鳃小片宽度增大,鳃小片间距缩小,与对照组差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),鳃小片细胞更为圆润饱满,低盐度组每100μm泌氯细胞数为0.91±0.78,低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);低盐度组的肾小球膨大,饱满充盈,与肾小囊内壁间隙小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),近曲小管和集合管管径增大,近曲小管游离面刷状缘较对照组发达;低盐度组肠绒毛单层柱状上皮厚度为(51.54±2.53)μm,大于对照组(P0.05),柱状上皮细胞间每100μm杯状细胞数为5.05±0.91,小于对照组(P0.05),而两组间的杯状细胞大小差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。水体盐度变化导致红鳍东方鲀鳃、肾和肠发生适应性变化。 相似文献
3.
附壳造型珍珠培育技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
比较了不同材料模核、模核规格和植核季节对三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌育珠效果的影响。结果表明:贝壳、金属铝、硬塑料和软硅胶模核对三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌的成活率和优质珠率存在显著性影响(P<0.05),硬塑料模核的优质珠率最高;不同规格模核对三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌的成活率和优质珠率均存在显著性影响(P<0.05),利用复合模核的育珠效果较好,育珠蚌成活率最高可达88%以上,优质珠率最高可达33%;不同季节插核对三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌的成活率和优质珠率均存在显著性影响(P<0.05),在春季或秋季进行手术植核,取得的育珠效果较好。 相似文献
4.
彭礼飞 《广东海洋大学学报》2000,20(3):17-21
用组织连续切片法对人工感染有龙江血居吸虫的鲫鱼苗和金鱼进行了组织病理学研究。龙江血居吸虫成虫以寄生于鱼体的心脏为最常见 ,其它依次为前主静脉及其分支 ,后主静脉及肾门静脉 ,肝静脉及肝门静脉系统 ,动脉球及腹大动脉 ,鳃部动脉 ,较少寄生于右颈下静脉 ,尾静脉。成虫对宿主无明显的致病作用。鱼体的鳃丝、肾脏、肝脏、心脏组织是龙江血居吸虫虫卵数量分布较多的部位 ,脾脏、脑及鳍膜基部组织中也有少量虫卵分布。龙江血居吸虫对宿主的致病主要是由虫卵引起的。鳃部的虫卵可引起鳃丝肿胀变形 ,毛蚴逸出时即引起失血、炎症反应乃至死亡 ;累积在肝脏、肾脏、心脏中的虫卵常形成有结缔组织包被的纤维结节 相似文献
5.
鱼类感染龙江血居吸虫的组织病理学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
彭礼飞 《广东海洋大学学报》2000,20(3):17-21
用组织连续切片法对人工感染有龙江血居吸虫的鲫鱼苗和金鱼进行了组织病理学研究。龙江血居吸虫成虫以寄生于鱼体的心脏为最常见,其它依次为前主静脉及其分支,后主静脉及肾门静脉,肝静脉及肝门静脉系统,动脉球及腹大动脉,鳃部动脉,较少寄生于右颈下静脉,尾静脉。成虫对宿主无明显的致作用。鱼体的鳃丝、肾脏、肝脏、心脏组织是龙江血居吸虫虫卵数量分布较多的部位,脾脏、脑及鳍膜基部组织中也有少量虫卵分布。龙江血居吸虫对宿主的致病主要是由虫卵引起的。鳃部的虫卵可引起鳃丝肿胀变形,毛蚴逸出时即引起失血、炎症反应乃至死亡;累积在肝脏、肾脏、心脏中的虫卵常形成有结缔组织包被的纤维结节。 相似文献
6.
分别用25、50、100、200和400μg/L的3-甲基胆蒽(3-MC)对斑马鱼进行水浴染毒,于第7天和第14天采集各染毒组和对照组活鱼的肝、鳃、心、肠和肾,进行病理组织学检查。结果发现,一定剂量的3-MC能导致肝细胞变性,胞浆内出现脂肪滴,严重时肝细胞坏死解体,界限模糊;心肌细胞萎缩坏死;肠粘膜上皮细胞纹状缘不整齐,有的脱落;鳃丝结构异常,鳃小片表面粗糙,上皮细胞不完整;肾小管上皮细胞肿胀,细胞界限不清,管腔内均质红染。供试斑马鱼的病理组织变化与3-MC的作用剂量和作用时间存在一定的关系。 相似文献
7.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(3)
以10.7、11.2、11.7、12.2和12.7 mm等5组直径珠核,3个药物配方珠核处理,以及3.5、4.0、4.5、5.0和5.5龄等5组植核蚌龄,分别比较珠核规格、珠核药物处理和蚌龄对三角帆蚌内脏团二次植核育珠效果的影响。结果表明,珠核规格、珠核药物处理和蚌龄对三角帆蚌内脏团二次植核育珠效果存在影响,珠核直径11.7 mm、药物处理2组和育珠蚌龄3.5 a的育珠蚌具有最高的优质珠率。 相似文献
8.
《广东海洋大学学报》2020,(3)
【目的】研究三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)肉酶解产物的解酒防醉作用。【方法】以乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)激活率为指标,在单因素试验基础上响应面优化三角帆蚌肉酶解工艺,制备三角帆蚌肉酶解产物(Enzymatic hydrolysate from soft tissue of Hyriopsis cumingii, EH),并测定EH对饮酒小鼠醉酒状态、血液中乙醇浓度和肝脏ADH活力的影响,以评价其醒酒活性。【结果】选用中性蛋白酶为实验用酶,三角帆蚌肉的最佳酶解条件为酶解时间2.0 h、酶解温度50.0℃、料液比1∶3、加酶量1 000 U/g,在此条件下ADH激活率为18.30%。小鼠摄入EH300 mg/kg时,饮酒小鼠醉酒只数少,酒后90 min血乙醇浓度已降至8.80 mmol/L,肝脏ADH活力上升至7.64 U/mg。【结论】三角帆蚌肉酶解产物能够显著激活肝脏ADH,降低血乙醇浓度,具有较好的醒酒功效和应用前景。 相似文献
9.
研究了盐度23下青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)鳃、斧足、外套膜和内脏团中Na+/K+-ATPase的活性差异,并以活性高的鳃组织为对象,对青蛤实施了低盐(23→16)和高盐(23→36)突变的胁迫,监测了鳃组织中Na+/K+-ATPase活性的动态变化。结果表明,盐度23下青蛤鳃组织中Na+/K+-ATPase的活性显著高于其他组织;在盐度突降胁迫下,鳃组织中Na+/K+-ATPase的活性于前16 d逐渐升高,第17d起显著升高(p<0.05),第18 d达到峰值,于第20 d回落,但仍高于起始水平;在盐度骤升胁迫下,鳃组织中Na+/K+-ATPase的活性于前13d逐渐降低,第14 d起显著降低(p<0.05),于第15 d达到最低值,继而回升至平稳水平,但仍低于起始水平。青蛤不同盐度胁迫下其鳃组织中Na+/K+-ATPase活性的响应方式不同,低盐时活性增加,而高盐时活性下降;此外,青蛤在盐度胁迫下对自身渗透压的调节则需较长时间。 相似文献
10.
珠江水系贺江段近年出现严重危害网箱养殖和江河鱼类资源的大型寄生虫病害,初步鉴定该虫隶属于甲壳纲,等足目,鳃虫科,细角鳃虫属,是国内新发现的淡水鱼类寄生虫。用该虫对草鱼、银鲫、麦鲮进行人工感染,结果表明:该虫具有很强的寄生能力,累积感染率为76.2%~100.0%;对寄生部位具有一定的选择性,以寄生在鳃部的比例(55.6%~72.0%)最大,胸鳍(11.7%~28.8%)次之;对试验鱼有较强的致死性;该虫吸血后体长(L)增长较大,体宽(W)基本不变;从寄主体上主动脱落的虫体,其L/W的增长率(16.32%~18.00%)较大,而一直寄生在寄主身上的虫体,其L/W的增长率则因各自摄食量的不同而存在较大的差异。 相似文献
11.
The concentration of Fe(Ⅱ) is high in some groundwater supplies used in turbot culture,and the toxicity of waterborne Fe(Ⅱ) is unknown.We investigated the stress responses of juvenile turbot,Scophthalmus maximus,exposed to Fe(Ⅱ) of different concentrations (0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1,and 2 mg/L) for 1,7,14,and 28 d,under the same ambient conditions of other parameters.Changes in respiratory rate,hematological parameters,and gill structure were determined.The results show that waterborne Fe(Ⅱ) did not cause severe hematological perturbation to turbot.A low-medium Fe(Ⅱ) concentration (lower than 0.1 mg/L) could boost the respiratory rate,and caused no or very limited damage to fish.A high Fe(Ⅱ) concentration (0.1 mg/L or higher),however,caused gill damage,such as vacuoles in branchial lamellae,epithelial necrosis,and hypertrophy of epithelial cells,and even death after extended exposure time.Therefore,excess waterborne Fe(Ⅱ) and long-term exposure to Fe(Ⅱ) could be responsible for poor growth and high mortality of turbot in culture.The concentration of waterborne Fe(Ⅱ) in turbot culture should be kept below 0.1 mg/L. 相似文献
12.
REN Sulian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2)
Structure and function of the digestive system of a bivalve mollusc, Solen grandis, were studied using light microscopy and histochemical methods. The wall of digestive tube consists of four layers: the mucosal epithelium, connective tissue, muscular and fibrosa or serosa (only in the portion of rectum) from the inner to the outer. The ciliated columnar epithelial cells, dispersed by cup-shaped mucous cells, rest on a thin base membrane. There are abundant blood spaces in connective tissue layer. The digestive diverticula are composed of multi-branched duct and digestive tubules. The digestive tubules are lined with digestive and basophilic secretory cells, and surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle fibers and connective tissues. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, esterase and lipase are detected in the digestive cells, and the epithelia of stomach and intestine, suggesting that these cells are capable of intracellular digesting of food materials and absorbing. Besides, acid phosphatase and e 相似文献
13.
聂品 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2000,(1)
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｐａｒａｓｉｔｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓｉｎｆｉｓｈａｒｅｆｏｕｎｄｎｏｒｍａｌｌｙｔｏｂｅｐｏｏｒｉｎｔｅｒｍｓｏｆｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｃｏｍｐｏ ｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｗｈｅｎｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｏｓｅｉｎｂｉｒｄｓａｎｄｓｏｍｅｏｔｈｅｒｈｉｇｈｅｒｖｅｒｔｅｂｒａｔｅｓ (Ｋｅｎｎｅｄｙｅｔａｌ.,1 986;Ｅｓｃｈｅｔａｌ.,1 990 ) .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｅｃｔｏｐａｒａｓｉｔｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｎｇｉｌｌｓｏｆｆｉｓｈａｒｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｓｓｐｅｃ… 相似文献
14.
罗氏沼虾的幼体变态发育需经过多次蜕皮,每次蜕皮均伴随形态及附肢特征的改变。采用显微观测摄像法对Z1-Z12各期幼体样本30尾进行观察测量,结果显示:Z2与Z1在复眼上存在较大的差异;Z3的主要特征为尾节与第六腹节分界;Z4尾扇分为内肢和外肢,均具羽状刚毛;Z5无腹足,尾节狭长,且末端平直;Z6的腹部出现腹足萌芽;Z7腹肢芽延长分为内外肢,Z7与Z8的分期特征主要位于第1触角的内鞭、外鞭的分枝上;Z8的第1、第2对步足具不完全的螯;Z9第1、2对步足具完全的螯;Z10后额角上缘的齿刻增多,Z11第1触角内鞭和外鞭分节数量比Z10多;Z12的形态与成虾相似,额角上、下缘均有齿刻。 相似文献
15.
Structure and function of the digestive system of a bivalve mollusc, Solen grandis, were studied using light microscopy and histochemical methods. The wall of digestive tube consists of four layers: the mucosal
epithelium, connective tissue, muscular and fibrosa or serosa (only in the portion of rectum) from the inner to the outer.
The ciliated columnar epithelial cells, dispersed by cup-shaped mucous cells, rest on a thin base membrane. There are abundant
blood spaces in connective tissue layer. The digestive diverticula are composed of multi-branched duct and digestive tubules.
The digestive tubules are lined with digestive and basophilic secretory cells, and surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle
fibers and connective tissues. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, esterase and lipase are detected in the digestive
cells, and the epithelia of stomach and intestine, suggesting that these cells are capable of intracellular digesting of food
materials and absorbing. Besides, acid phosphatase and esterase activities are present in the posterior portion of esophagus.
Phagocytes are abundant in blood spaces and the lumens of stomach and intestine, containing brown granules derived from the
engulfed food materials. The present work indicates that phagocytes play important roles in ingestion and digestion of food
materials, which is supported as well by the activities of acid phosphatase, esterase and lipase detected in blood spaces. 相似文献
16.
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＷｈｉｔｅＳｐｏｔＳｙｎｄｒｏｍｅＶｉｒｕｓ (ＷＳＳＶ)ｉｎＰｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓｉｓｔｈｅｃａｕｓａｔｉｖｅａｇｅｎｔｏｆａｖｅｒｙｓｅｖｅｒｅｅｐｉｚｏｏｔｉｃｄｉｓｅａｓｅｗｈｉｃｈ,ｓｔａｒｔｉｎｇｆｒｏｍ 1 993 ,ｈａｄｒｅｓｕｌｔｅｄｉｎｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ 80 %ｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔｓｈｒｉｍｐｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｆａｒｍｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ (Ｚｈａｎｅｔａｌ.,1 995;1 998) .Ｎｏｗ ,ｆｉｖｅｙｅａｒｓｌａｔｅｒ,ｔｈｅｖｉｒｕｓｄｉｓｅａｓｅｉｓｓｔｉ… 相似文献
17.
Lü Fu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):77-82
The effects of salinity on hemolymph osmotic pressure, Na^＋ concentration and Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity of gill of Chinese crab Eriocheir sinensis were studied. The results showed that hemolymph osmotic pressure and Na^＋ concentration increased significantly （P〈0.05）, and the Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity of gills decreased significantly （P〈0.05） when salinity increased from 0 to 16. The hemolymph osmotic pressure and Na^＋ concentration in each treatment group rose remarkably at 0.125 d or 0.25 d, while the Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity of gill reduced gradually with increased experiment time in 3 d. Then the three parameters remained at a constant level after 0.25 d, 0.125 d and 3 d, respectively, and higher hemolymph osmotic pressure, higher Na^＋ concentration and lower Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity of gill occurred at higher salinity. The effect of salinity change on protein concentration of hemolymph was indistinct （P〉0.05）; However, the protein concentration decreased gradually with the increase of salinity from 0.25 d to 1d, and then tended to be stable from day 1 to day 15. 相似文献
18.
The deflection angle of a river bend plays an important role on behaviours of the flow within it, and a clear understanding of the angle's influence is significant in both theoretical study and engineering application. This paper presents a systematic numerical investigation on effects of deflection angles(30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180°) on flow phenomena and their evolution in open-channel bends using a Re-Normalization Group(RNG) κ-ε model and a volume of fluid(VOF) method. The numerical results indicate that the deflection angle is a key factor for flows in bends. It is shown that the maximum transverse slope of water surface occurs at the middle cross section of a bend, and it increases with the deflection angle. Besides a major vortex, or, the primary circulation cell near the channel bottom, a secondary vortex, or, an outer bank cell, may also appear above the former and near the outer bank when the deflection angle is sufficiently large, and it will gradually migrate towards the inner bank and evolve into an inner bank cell. The strength of the secondary circulations increases with the deflection angle. The simulation demonstrates that there is alow-stress zone on the bed near the outer bank and a high-stress zone on the bed near the inner bank, and both of them increase in size with the deflection angle. The maximum of shear stress on the inner bank increases nonlinearly with the angle, and its maximums on the outer bank and on the bed take place when the deflection angle becomes 120°. 相似文献
19.
In order to theoretically study the buckle propagation of subsea pipelines with slip-on buckle arrestors, a two-dimensional ring model was set up to represent the pipeline and a nonlinear spring model was adopted to simulate the contact between pipeline’s inner walls and between pipeline’s outer wall and slip-on buckle arrestor’s inner wall during buckle propagation. In addition, some reverse springs are added to prevent the wall of left and right sides separating from the inner wall of slip-on buckle arrestors. Considering large deformation kinematics relations and the elastic-plastic constitutive relation of material, balance equations were established with the principle of virtual work. The variation of external pressure with respect to the cross-sectional area of pipelines was analyzed, and the lower bound of the crossover pressure of slip-on buckle arrestors was calculated based on Maxwell’s energy balance method. By comparing the theoretical results with experiment and finite element numerical simulation, the theoretical method is proved to be correct and reliable. 相似文献