Groundwater flow and its effect on salt dissolution in Gypsum Canyon watershed,Paradox Basin,southeast Utah,USA     

Nadine G. Reitman  Shemin Ge  Karl Mueller 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(6):1403-1419

Groundwater flow is an important control on subsurface evaporite (salt) dissolution. Salt dissolution can drive faulting and associated subsidence on the land surface and increase salinity in groundwater. This study aims to understand the groundwater flow system of Gypsum Canyon watershed in the Paradox Basin, Utah, USA, and whether or not groundwater-driven dissolution affects surface deformation. The work characterizes the groundwater flow and solute transport systems of the watershed using a three-dimensional (3D) finite element flow and transport model, SUTRA. Spring samples were analyzed for stable isotopes of water and total dissolved solids. Spring water and hydraulic conductivity data provide constraints for model parameters. Model results indicate that regional groundwater flow is to the northwest towards the Colorado River, and shallow flow systems are influenced by topography. The low permeability obtained from laboratory tests is inconsistent with field observed discharges, supporting the notion that fracture permeability plays a significant role in controlling groundwater flow. Model output implies that groundwater-driven dissolution is small on average, and cannot account for volume changes in the evaporite deposits that could cause surface deformation, but it is speculated that dissolution may be highly localized and/or weaken evaporite deposits, and could lead to surface deformation over time.  相似文献   

Polychlorinated biphenyls residues in surface sediments of the eutrophic Chaohu Lake (China): characteristics, risk, and correlation with trophic status   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Xiaowei Wang  Beidou Xi  Shouliang Huo  Lin Deng  Qiang Li  Hongwei Pan  Jingtian Zhang  Hongliang Liu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(2):849-861

Twenty-eight polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) congeners were measured in surface sediments from Chaohu Lake to assess their characteristics, potential risk, and the correlation with lake trophic status. PCB levels ranged from 11.074 to 42.712 ng g^?1 dry weight (d.w.) in the western lake and 2.017 to 20.189 ng g^?1 d.w. in the eastern lake. The highest concentrations were found at the sites near the inlets of western lake tributary rivers where big cities and industrial centers are located. Congeners concentrations showed decreasing order of tetra-CB > tri-CB > deca-CB (PCB-209 detected) > penta-CB > hexa-CB > di-CB > hepta-CB > Octa-CB. It indicated that light and heavy Aroclor mixtures were simultaneously used surrounding the lake basin. PCB levels in the western lake are potentially dangerous to humans and the local fauna. There was a significant positive relationship between tetra-CB (one abundant PCB congener) concentration distribution and sediment grain size in the 16–64 μm fraction, whereas a negative correlation was found in the 4–8 μm fraction. Furthermore, PCB distributions were positively correlated with the total organic carbon of sediments and lake trophic status, especially in the more seriously polluted western lake zone. However, the correlation completely disappeared in eastern lake zone. It suggested that PCB contamination might be attributed to industrial wastewaters and domestic sewages from western lake basin, reaching the lake through rivers, rains and floods.  相似文献   

The formation of runoff-generated debris flow in Southwestern of China: take Gangou as an example   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Yong Bo Tie  Ru Ge Xu  Ren Ji Ba 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(5):1479-1490

In the mountain area of Southwestern China, there are large quantities of runoff-generated debris flows that are threatening the local people and facilities seriously. Gangou is a typical runoff-generated debris flow; its source is old deposit from floods and the debris flows downstream of the channel. On June 30, 2005, Gangou occurred debris flow, the debris flow destroying the road, the communications facilities and the farmland at the gully mouth. Unlike the formation mechanisms of other debris flows, the formation of 2005 debris flow in Gangou has its distinctive characteristics as follows. (1) The supply of the loose sources is intensive and distribute near the mouth of the gully; it is rare to see any debris flow initiate at such a lower location. (2) The debris flow finishes its initiation, flow and deposition around the 700-m-long channel, accompanied with the blocking process in the gully when the debris flow ran out; however, 10 min later, it releases and amplifies the peak flow about three times. (3) The topographic condition of the basin does not contribute much to the formation of the 2005 debris flow; instead, its formation is the result of the co-effort of continuous rainfall and a short-time heavy rainfall. In other words, the previous cumulative precipitation enables the moisture content of the soil on the right bank of the gully to reach saturation; then the soil slides into the channel under the action of the heavy rainfall at a later time. Meanwhile, the heavy rainfall accelerates the formation of gully run-off and initiates the loose mass in the channel from slide, thus forming the debris flow.  相似文献   

A nonlinear microseismic source location method based on Simplex method and its residual analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nan Li  Enyuan Wang  Maochen Ge  Zhenyu Sun 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(11):4477-4486

Source location is one of the most valuable features of the microseismic technique due to its ability to delineate the unstable areas. In this paper, the precise formulas of the station residual and event residual are derived for the L1 norm statistical standard and the L2 norm statistical standard based on the residual analysis. Then, the error space for microseismic source location is proposed and analyzed. Based on the above research, a nonlinear microseismic source location method using the Simplex method is developed. This new method can search the microseismic source directly in the error space through four deformations of the simplex figures, and it is able to make use of both P-wave and S-wave velocities. Finally, the performance of the Simplex microseismic source location method is tested and verified by laboratory experiments. Test results show that the Simplex microseismic source location method can improve the accuracy and stability of the source location greatly when P-wave and S-wave velocities are involved simultaneously and correctly. The results also demonstrate that the L1 norm statistical standard always provides more accurate and reliable solutions than the L2 norm statistical standard when there are some major but isolated errors in the input data. However, none of the optimization methods are able to function when the errors in the input data are systematic and extreme, which indicates that an early detection and correction of these errors is of primary importance for microseismic source location.  相似文献   

关于桩基负摩阻力的若干问题的探讨     

蔡洪伟 《岩土工程技术》2014,(4):198-200

负摩阻力是桩基问题中常见且尚未完全解决的问题,更是一个复杂的问题.工程实际中负摩阻力的作用可能导致基础的上部结构的不均匀沉降,不少建筑物因负摩阻力的作用而产生过大的沉降、倾斜或是建筑物的开裂现象.针对负摩阻力问题的探讨,能够引起人们对负摩阻力的高度关注.  相似文献   

海南省高通岭钼矿床赋矿岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及成矿意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付王伟  许德如  吴传军  傅杨荣  周迎春  周岳强  王智琳  林舸 《矿床地质》2014,33(2):419-427

海南高通岭岩体产有高通岭小型热液脉型钼矿床,其赋矿围岩为细粒和粗粒正长花岗岩。研究表明,组成高通岭岩体的细粒和粗粒正长花岗岩呈渐变过渡关系,未发现二者存在明显的相变接触,且二者具有相似的矿物组成,暗示它们可能是同一岩浆演化系列的产物。对细粒正长花岗岩（GTL-4）和粗粒正长花岗岩（GTL-9）样品开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年研究,获得²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄加权平均值分别为（100.8±2.4）Ma（MSWD=2.8）和（100.2±1.7）Ma（MSWD=2.7）。结合锆石CL图像中清晰的震荡环带、Th/U的值（0.15~0.94）和以往研究成果,认为高通岭岩体结晶年龄应为 100 Ma左右,可能是同期的中高温岩浆含矿热液导致了高通岭钼矿床的形成;而90~97 Ma年龄系中低温热液活动的年龄,导致了黄铁矿化、绢云母化、绿泥石化和高岭土化等中低温蚀变。  相似文献   

国土空间陆海统筹规划策略与管控探索——以广东省为例     

魏正波  罗彦  肖锐琴  何舸 《热带地理》2022,42(4):544-553

如何坚持陆海统筹,实现全域全要素是国土空间规划体系改革的重点任务之一。新时期国土空间规划编制中主要面临陆海统筹规划编制方法差异、陆海资源评价方法单一和海岸带管理制度不完善等问题,文章结合不同层级管理事权,提出了“保护、利用、特色”三位一体的陆海统筹模式、基本原则和管控思路,以及陆海统筹规划编制和空间管控体系等。从统一国土空间用途管制的角度入手,以广东省为例,通过对陆海统筹重点区域管控对象、管控内容、管控手段和实施效果的全面梳理,提出应该以生态保护和底线管控优先,创新陆海统筹区线管控机制、海洋生态环境保护制度、海岸带重点资源项目库、陆海使用权立体分层等管控方法。  相似文献   

京沪高铁站点对周边地区的经济带动效应研究——来自DMSP/OLS和NPP/VIIRS卫星灯光数据的证据     

俞路  闫歌 《世界地理研究》2022,31(2):305-316

随着中国高铁建设的全面铺开,高铁新城正在成为许多城市发展的“新引擎”。本研究以京沪高铁站点为例,分析沿线高铁站点对周边地区的经济带动效应。由于相关社会经济数据的匮乏,文章应用DMSP/OLS和NPP/VIIRS卫星灯光数据结合距离圈层法对京沪高铁站点的经济效应进行评估。研究结果表明,高铁开通后,中等规模城市所在的高铁站点周边地区受益最大,其次是大城市高铁站点的周边地区,而居于小城市的高铁站点对周边地区的带动效果不明显。  相似文献   

LEO Enhanced Global Navigation Satellite System (LeGNSS):progress,opportunities, and challenges     

Haibo Ge  Bofeng Li  Song Jia  Liangwei Nie  Tianhao Wu  Zhe Yang  Jingzhe Shang  Yanning Zheng  Maorong Ge 《地球空间信息科学学报》2022,(1):1-13

With the completion of Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), the world has begun to enjoy the Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services of ...  相似文献   

2019年沈阳一次凌晨气温骤升过程成因精细分析     

梁寒  阎琦  李爽  张宸赫  于亚鑫  黄阁  孙虹雨  桑明刚 《气象与环境学报》2022,38(3):45-51

2019年12月2日01时沈阳国家基本气象站(沈阳站)气温1 h内异常回升了6.5℃,利用常规和加密地面观测站实况、NCEP再分析及沈阳站逐小时风廓线雷达资料,从系统配置、热力学诊断、城市热岛效应等方面对此次异常升温事件成因进行精细分析。结果表明:沈阳站异常升温阶段,超低空到近地面暖脊过境造成辽宁大部分地区出现气温回升,暖脊过境是引发沈阳站午夜时分异常升温的原因之一;沈阳站位于沈阳市的东南部,当地面风为西北风时,风从温度相对较高的城区吹向郊区,造成沈阳南部郊区各站气温回升,与北部郊区对比得出升温幅度约为3—4℃。城市热岛中心向下风方漂移是沈阳站气温骤升又一原因。值得注意的是,气温回升前的温度基础值对气温回升幅度存在一定程度影响,回升前的基础温度越低,则回升后造成的升温幅度越大。  相似文献