A note on the algorithm of symplectic integrators     

Xin Wu  Tian-Yi Huang  Hong Zhang  Xiao-Sheng Wan 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,283(1):53-65

For a Hamiltonian that can be separated into N+1(N\geq 2) integrable parts, four algorithms can be built for a symplectic integrator. This research compares these algorithms for the first and second order integrators. We found that they have similar local truncation errors represented by error Hamiltonian but rather different numerical stability. When the computation of the main part of the Hamiltonian, H ₀, is not expensive, we recommend to use S ^* type algorithm, which cuts the calculation of the H ₀ system into several small time steps as Malhotra(1991) did. As to the order of the N+1 parts in one step calculation, we found that from the large to small would get a slower error accumulation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Effects of Different Diets on the Dietary Attractability and Selectivity of Chinese Shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis     

HUANGGuoqiang DONGShuanglin WANGFang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(1):56-60

Attractabilities of different diets and dietary selectivity of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis were studied through behavior observation and feeding experiment, respectively. The five diets used in the experiment are: Fish Flesh (FF), Shrimp Flesh (SF), Clam Foot (CF), Polychaete Worm (PW), and Formulated Diet (FD). No significant differences of attractability exist between any two different diets when every two natural diets or all five diets are provided simultaneously. On the other hand, significant differences of attractability exist between FD and every single natural diet when they are provided simultaneously. Results of behavioral observation indicate that natural diets are more attractive than FD. In feeding experiment, Chinese shrimp has distinct selectivity on different diets. It positively selects CF and PW, negatively selects FF and SF, and excludes FD absolutely. The results of the present studies indicate that the dietary selectivity of shrimp was based not only on the attractabilities of the diets, but also on the responses such as growth and food conversion.  相似文献   

中国东部第四纪自然环境演化及庐山“冰碛层”堆积时期的自然环境研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

黄培华  陆仲家  任振纪  朱凤冠 《地理学报》1987,(4)

根据第四纪地层内孢粉组合和动物群等新资料恢复了我国东部各大区域第四纪各个时期的自然环境特征,其温暖期与干冷期的交替与深海沉积O~(18)温度变化趋势大致对应。庐山三次“冰期冰碛层”内孢粉组合表明均为温暖湿润针阔叶混交林景观,而不是寒冷的冰川环境。  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of January 28 cold air outbreak during GALE Part I: The model and sensitivity tests of turbulence closures     

Ching-Yuang Huang  Sethu Raman 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1991,55(4):381-407

A mesoscale planetary boundary layer (PBL) numerical model has been developed to study airflow over complex topography. Turbulence closures using the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and dissipation () equations are investigated in combination with the level 2.5 scheme of Mellor and Yamada (1982) to determine eddy diffusivities for momentum and heat. This modified E- closure is simpler than the level 3 one which requires more prognostic equations for moist turbulent transport.One-dimensional (1-D) model results show that the PBL mean flows under various stability conditions are not significantly sensitive to the modified Blackadar and Kolmogorov eddy mixing-length formulations used in this E- model, although the latter yields excessively large mixing lengths in the entrainment region of the upper PBL. Eddy mixing lengths in the Kolmogorov-type formulation can be better defined by introducing background dissipation. Using the same prognostic TKE equation, the 1-D model results are not significantly affected by different diagnostic formulations in the closures. The simulated results compare well with large-eddy simulations and those obtained using higher-order closure schemes including the level 3 one. The results are found to be insensitive to eddy Prandtl number, in contrast to the 2-D model results (see Part II).  相似文献   

TL dating of loess in China     

黄宝林  卢良才 《中国地球化学学报》1991,10(3):257-265

TL ages of 56 loess samples collected from Xinjiang and the middle reaches of the Yellow River were determined by using fine-grained quartz and man-made light source bleaching techniques.The results indicate that :1.The well-preserved loess sections in Xinjiang began depositing 400000 a ago.The loess/paleosol series may be comparable with that observed in the middle reaches of the Yellow River but the depositing time was probably delayed by 30000-50000a.2.The bottom boundary age of the Malan loess varies from one place to another.The TL dates can be divided into two group:70000-130000 a and 30000-50000 a.The TL data are con-sistent with the appearance of two warmer climate periods since the Pleistocene,indicating obvious regional differences in stratigraphic development of loess,i.e.,paleosol occurred in the warm climate period in the same location,but loess was deposited in other locations.The initial age of loess deposition tends to become older from west to east and from south to north .In contrast ,the cold cli-matic belt showed an opposite trend.The TL ages of loess provide strong evidence for the Quaternary stratigraphy throughout geological times and the shift tendency of climatic belt.3.The depositing rate of the Malan loess along the middle reaches of the Yellow River varies from place to place but the TL age shows a linear relationship with the depositing thickness.The de-positing rate of loess in the north is higher than that in the south,suggesting that loess materials are derived from desert areas of northern China.  相似文献   

Neutrino mass,luminosity variation,and spectrum of SN1987A     

Gang Zhao  Yonggheng Zhao  Jtasheng Huang  Lonlong Feng  Keliang Huang  Qiuhe Peng  Tan Lu 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1988,141(1):169-176

In this paper, the neutrino mass has been determined from SN1987a observation in a manner that the simultaneity of neutrino emission is not regarded as the starting point, but is itself defined through the analysis by Monte-Carlo simulation. The result is that the neutrino mass lies in 3–4 eV, possiblym _v 3.6 eV. Neutrino luminosity variation and neutrino spectrum are also obtained. Comparison with theories gives further support to the mass determination, and also predicts the mass of progenitor star of SN1987a to be in the range of 12–25M .The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.  相似文献   

南海西部海域新生代构造古地理演化及其对油气勘探的意义   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

谢锦龙  黄冲  向峰云 《地质科学》2008,43(1):133-153

南海西部海域构造复杂,主要发育有北东—北东东向、北西向和近南北向3组深大断裂。其中,北西向断裂与板块汇聚、碰撞有关,多具走滑性质;北东—北东东向断裂具有与中国东部裂谷盆地相似的发育特点,呈张扭性质;近南北向断裂可能是南海在扩张活动期间于洋、陆壳过渡部位形成的走滑调节断裂,是洋盆扩张的西部边界。新生代里,南海经历了4次成盆事件与3期扩张活动,盆地经历了古新世—中始新世陆缘断陷、渐新世—早中新世扩展与中中新世以来的热沉降3个演化阶段。陆缘断陷阶段的充填系列主要是北东—北东东向与北西向的河流—冲积扇、湖泊沼泽等陆相沉积及火山岩等;盆地扩展阶段表现为中-小型断陷、断-坳陷逐渐复合与联合为大-中型坳陷,古地理格局逐渐由河流与湖沼陆相环境演变为滨海至浅海相的沉积环境;热沉降阶段的成盆活动逐渐减弱以至停止,地层表现超覆,盆地出现联合迹象。结合以往勘探与油气资源调查成果分析,认为南海西部海域陆架陆坡区发育的大-中型沉积盆地石油地质条件良好,蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,勘探潜力巨大。  相似文献   

泸州古隆起对贵州赤水地区早、中三叠世沉积环境和相带展布的控制   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张廷山  陈晓慧  姜照勇  胡东风  谢刚平  黄世伟  兰光志 《沉积学报》2008,26(4):583-592

地质历史中,区域大地构造和区域古地貌单元的不同特征是控制沉积相带展布及发育的主要因素之一。东吴运动形成的泸州古隆起是影响本区沉积相带展布的重要因素。早、中三叠世时,泸州古隆起的高部位向南延伸到太和场以南,宝元以北一带。宝元、龙爪等构造处于泸州古隆起东南部斜坡上,而宝元构造处于古隆起东南部斜坡上部,龙爪构造处于古隆起东南部斜坡中部。此古地貌格局,与区域海平面升降一起,控制了早三叠世沉积相带展布和地层厚度。在古地貌高的隆起区域,由于水体开阔、水动力条件相对较强,沉积了有利于形成储集体的滩相沉积物（生屑滩、砂屑滩、鲕粒滩等）。从泸州古隆起的高部位向古隆起的斜坡区,地层厚度逐渐增大,沉积物向粒度变细、颜色加深的特征相变。  相似文献   

大沽河下游咸水入侵区含水砂层水敏感性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩志勇  张晓辉 《水文》2008,28(4)

通过室内砂柱的水平渗流试验,对大沽河下游成水入侵区含水砂层的水敏感性进行了评价。对海水入侵治理的注淡压成和抽成方案过程中含水层的渗透性变化进行了研究．提出了控制和减小方案实施过程中含水砂层渗透性降低的方法和措施。研究结果表明：该含水层具有显著的水敏感性特征,注淡压成过程导致其渗透性下降幅度超过了两个数量级;注淡和抽成的流速分别超过21ml／min和42ml／min时,亦能引起含水砂层水敏感性的发生,称为临界流速;淡水驱替咸水过程中存在一个临界离子强度-7638us／cm,驱替水的离子强度不宜小于该值以避免水敏性的发生。  相似文献   

地下水数值模拟中人为边界的处理方法研究   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

沈媛媛  蒋云钟  雷晓辉  甘治国  王海潮  鲁帆 《水文地质工程地质》2008,35(6):12-15

边界条件预测是地下水数值模拟中的关键问题。本文针对人为边界受自然和人为因素影响,边界流量变化复杂难于预测的问题,讨论了人为边界条件的处理方式和实现方法,并将其应用到具有人为边界的二维潜水含水层系统。预测结果表明,受区内人工开采影响,边界流量呈逐年上升趋势,部分边界由流出边界转化为流入边界,结果符合地下水系统变化趋势,提高了预测精度。  相似文献