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地下水数值模拟中人为边界的处理方法研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
边界条件预测是地下水数值模拟中的关键问题。本文针对人为边界受自然和人为因素影响,边界流量变化复杂难于预测的问题,讨论了人为边界条件的处理方式和实现方法,并将其应用到具有人为边界的二维潜水含水层系统。预测结果表明,受区内人工开采影响,边界流量呈逐年上升趋势,部分边界由流出边界转化为流入边界,结果符合地下水系统变化趋势,提高了预测精度。 相似文献
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首先利用Morlet小波对汉江流域降水进行多时间尺度分析,然后分析主要周期下汉江流域降水与74个环流因子的相关性.结果表明:近50年,汉江流域降水有4,7和18年的主要周期,其中以18年的主要周期最为突出,降水呈现偏少的趋势,同时降水量与西太平洋副高面积指数、冷空气、东太平洋副高北界、北半球极涡中心位置等14个环流因子具有非常强的正相关,而与东亚槽位置、太平洋区极涡强度指数、亚洲区极涡强度指数有非常强的负相关.研究成果将为今后提高汉江流域降水预报水平和有效开展汉江流域及长江中下游防汛抗旱工作提供科学依据. 相似文献
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海河流域天然河川径流持续衰减,水文丰枯情势显著变化,亟需研究适用于非一致性水文序列的丰枯概率计算方法。基于标准化径流指数、GAMLSS模型等方法,提出一种不同等级丰枯水事件期望发生次数和期望等待时间的计算方法,研究变化环境下海河流域天然河川径流丰枯概率的演变规律。结果表明：(1)径流丰枯概率呈现出显著的枯增丰减趋势;(2)同传统的一致性分布等多类概率分布相比,以时间t为协变量的LOGNO分布拟合流域径流系列的效果最优,且基于该分布计算的期望发生次数更接近于历史实际;(3)非一致性最优模型不同情景条件下计算的流域极端枯水和极端丰水事件的期望等待时间分别为4.9～9.4 a、14.5～36.0 a,说明海河流域近期发生极端枯水的概率远大于极端丰水。 相似文献
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密云水库是华北地区最大的水库,是确保首都供水安全和经济社会发展的重要水源地。本文以密云水库控制流域的张家坟站、下会站为代表站,选取19602012年的年径流资料,采用线性回归法、Kendall秩次相关检验法、Spearman秩次相关检验法分析密云水库以上流域径流的变化趋势,采用连续功率谱方法分析密云水库以上流域径流的周期。结果表明:密云水库上游潮河和白河两个流域径流的年际变化非常大,它们在同一年的径流丰枯基本一致,其中同丰同枯的概率最大。近半个世纪以来,上述两个流域的径流均呈现出明显的减少趋势,并且白河流域径流的减小速度快于潮河流域,密云水库以上流域年径流量序列显著存在约45a的周期振荡。 相似文献
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In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to the problem of the cryosphere changes on the Tibetan Plateau,and it has gradually become a hot issue for scholars. Known as the“water tower of Asia”,the Tibetan Plateau is the source of many major rivers in Asia. Under the combined influence of climate change and human activities,water resources on the Tibetan Plateau have undergone profound changes,especially soil water,as an important component of water resources,which plays an important role in regulating vegetation and crop growth,rainfall and runoff. However,global warming leads to the degradation of permafrost and seasonal⁃ ly frozen soil,which affects the original water cycle process and the spatial and temporal pattern of water re⁃ sources by changing the properties of soil water storage and water transport. In the Tibetan Plateau,where there are few data,it is difficult to directly study the soil water cycle process under freezing-thawing by using original data. Therefore,it is an important means to simulate the variation characteristics of soil water and temperature under freezing-thawing in seasonally frozen soil regions of the Tibetan Plateau by using coupling model of soil water and heat. Aiming at the key problem of the difference of soil temperature and moisture characteristics in typical seasonally frozen soil regions under different meteorological conditions,this paper simulated the charac⁃ teristics of soil moisture and temperature change in Maqu,Naqu（Nagqu）and Shiquanhe from 2017 to 2018 by using SHAW（Simultaneous Heat and Water）model and three soil moisture characteristic curve models. The simulation effect and variation characteristics of soil moisture and temperature under different meteorological conditions were analyzed,and the influence of soil moisture characteristic curve model on the simulation effect was studied. The results show that SHAW model can well simulate the temporal variation and vertical distribu⁃ tion of soil temperature and moisture under different meteorological conditions. The simulation effect of soil tem⁃ perature is better than that of soil moisture. The average NSE,R2 and RMSE of soil temperature are 0. 88,0. 96 and 2. 20 ℃,respectively. The mean NSE,R2 and RMSE of soil moisture are 0. 60,0. 72 and 0. 03 m3·m-3,respec⁃ tively. In terms of different meteorological conditions,the simulation effect of soil temperature in relatively dry region was significantly better than that in humid region,while the simulation effect of soil water in relatively hu⁃ mid region was significantly better than that in arid region. From different depths in soil,the simulation effect of soil temperature decreases gradually with the increase of depth,while the simulation effect of soil moisture in the middle and lower layers is better than that in the surface layer. From the view of different soil moisture character⁃ istic curve models,different soil water characteristic curve models have no significant effect on soil temperature simulation effect,but there are significant differences in soil moisture simulation effect. In addition,there are great differences and uncertainties in simulating soil temperature and moisture in different freezing-thawing stag⁃ es. With the increasing trend of climate warming,permafrost and seasonally frozen soil on the Tibetan Plateau may continue to degrade,may change the current water resources pattern,resulting in frequent extreme weather events. Therefore,from the perspective of numerical simulation,this paper verified the applicability of soil moisture and heat coupling model in soil temperature and moisture simulation under different meteorological con⁃ ditions,revealed the influence of precipitation and temperature on soil temperature and moisture simulation at different depths in seasonally frozen soil regions,and analyzed the differences in simulation effects of different soil moisture characteristic curve models. The results provide reference for the study of soil water resources vari⁃ ation under freezing-thawing conditions. © 2023 Chinese Journal of General Practitioners. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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鲁帆 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1991,(2)
中国科学院海洋研究所所长秦蕴珊研究员与副研究员苍树溪提出的古气候、古海洋一湖泊学研究计划,在国内外同行中引起了强烈反响。去年5月在国家基金委的支持下,中国科学院及有关单位的专家在青岛与美国科学家共同讨论了这一计划,中美两国科学家决定以这一计划为基础合作开展旨在全球的对比研究。 这一计划的负责人秦蕴珊研究员是我国海洋沉积学奠基人之一,早年曾组织领导过多次大规模的海洋科学调查研究,并主编了一批区域海洋地质学专著,近年来致力于古海洋学研究,为我国古海洋学发展做出了开创性的贡献。 古气候、古海洋-湖泊学是一门高度综合的边缘学科,从创立到现在仅有十余年历史,代表着当代地质科学发展的方向。 上述计划的创新之处在于将古海洋学的研究,与古湖泊学的研究联系起来,将多学 相似文献
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潮白河流域是北京市的重要供水来源,分析变化环境下流域内水资源的变化规律,对于维持生态系统稳定、保障经济社会发展具有重要意义。结合SWAT模型模拟了潮白河流域的水文循环过程,分析了流域内1960～2008年的蓝水绿水资源变化情况并对未来的变化趋势进行了预测。结果表明:潮白河流域的蓝水流与绿水流在研究期内都呈显著减少趋势,绿水储量呈增加趋势但不显著,它们的变化倾向率分别为-19.33mm·10a~(-1)、-6.92 mm·10a~(-1)与0.70 mm·10a~(-1)。未来趋势预测的结果表明这一变化趋势还将持续。 相似文献
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