单纯形定位方法在新疆数字地震台网的测定精度分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志斌  金花  王晓飞 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(1):200-209

地震定位是地震学中最基本的问题之一,现阶段大部分采用基于走时的方法。单纯形定位方法作为一种直接搜索类的方法,在新疆测震台网日常地震目录产出中发挥了重要作用。本文采用数值模拟的方法,利用新疆测震台网现有布局,结合“3400”走时表,分析单纯形定位方法在新疆测震台网的测定精度。研究表明,对于新疆测震台网网内浅源地震,单纯形定位方法能够得出较为精确的震中位置,而得出的网外地震震中位置存在一定偏差;初至折射波对震源深度有一定的控制能力,速度模型的准确性对震源深度和发震时刻的测定影响较大。  相似文献   

VARIATION OF THE TRAVEL TIME DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TELESEISMIC PS CONVERTED WAVE AND PP TRANSMITTED WAVE IN FOCAL REGION BEFORE AND AFTER WENCHUAN M_S8.0 EARTHQUAKE          下载免费PDF全文

SONG Chun-yan  SHAO Xue-zhong  MA Jin 《地震地质》2019,41(3):726-742

When P waves from distant earthquakes meet a velocity discontinuity in the earth's crust and upper mantle, they give rise to a series of converted PS waves besides PP refracted waves. It is possible to monitor the variation of the physical properties of the medium in the limited formation space above the transition zone of the seismogenic zone by measuring the time difference between the teleseismic PS converted wave and the first arrival P wave, that is, time-variation Δt_PS=t_PS-t_P. The advantage of this method is that the transition point of the teleseismic source with similar source is relatively stable at the transition interface, and the accuracy of the measured relative time is high, and the change of the medium in a small range of the seismogenic zone above the conversion interface can be monitored. This paper studies the variation of the travel time difference Δt_PS in focal region before and after Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake. We select 2001 to 2012 as the research period, use teleseismic waveforms which occurred in the southern region of Sumatra and Hindu Kush area recorded by Sichuan station YZP and JJS. These teleseisms satisfy 5.0 ≤ M ≤ 6.5, and their waveform signal-to-noise ratio is high with clear initial P-wave motion. The epicentral distance of teleseisms is less than 3 degrees. Then we obtain the variation of the travel time difference Δt_PS between teleseismic PS converted wave and PP transmitted wave recorded during the study period in the two stations. The results show that there is a slow increasing trend of Δt_PS before 2006, and an obvious low value process of Δt_PS appeared in the period about 2 years before the Wenchuan earthquake. The maximum decline was about 0.2~0.3s, more than 4~5 times the measurement error. The low value has a certain degree of return about 2~3 months before the earthquake. The change of arrival time difference indicates that the medium is in different states in different periods of seismogenic process. The sharp decrease in Δt_PS from 2006 to January 2008 may be due to the strong disturbance caused by the stress accumulation of the medium. At this stage, the velocity of P wave and S wave increases with the increase of stress, and the increase of S wave velocity will result in the decrease of Δt_PS. The change of Δt_PS is greatly affected by S wave velocity, so Δt_PS appears to decrease rapidly. Regarding the low value that has a certain degree of return about 2~3 months before the Wenchuan earthquake, the possible reason is that the release of stress is much higher than the accumulation of stress in meta-instability stage. At this stage, the velocity of S wave decreases and the decrease of S wave causes Δt_PS to increase. Then, the Wenchuan earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred. It is shown that the teleseismic converted wave method in this paper can monitor the variation of medium's wave velocity before large earthquakes, and it has a good prospect in seismic monitoring and worth further experimental study.  相似文献   

互层胶结土中正断层地震地表破裂位错特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

龚放  黄今  白志勇 《地震工程学报》2019,41(1):162-168

为了解决采用Trimble GX 3D地面激光三维扫描仪分析互层胶结土中正断层地震地表破裂位错特征时,未有效模拟地表垂直和水平位移的基本特征,获取的地表破裂位错特征结果不准确的问题。提出新的互层胶结土中正断层地震地表破裂位错特征研究方法,先构建地震地表弹性位错模型,分析互层胶结土正断层的地表三维断裂特征,得到地表在受到走滑、逆冲和张开错动导致的地表错位变化情况;再通过正断层地震地表破裂离心机试验,获得互层胶结土中正断层地震地表破裂位错特征。试验结果说明,所提方法可有效分析互层胶结土中正断层地震地表破裂位错特征,且破裂点在土体模型中部和中下部的裂缝深度分别为22.4 m和33.4 m,裂缝上的破裂点处于土体模型的中下部时,裂缝的深度越深。  相似文献   

Field investigation of siltation at a tidal harbor: North Port of Incheon,Korea     

Lee  Guan-hong  Shin  Hyun-Jung  Kim  Young Taeg  Dellapenna  Timothy M.  Kim  Kuk Jin  Williams  Joshua  Kim  Seok-Yun  Figueroa  Steven Miguel 《Ocean Dynamics》2019,69(9):1101-1120

Ocean Dynamics - To understand siltation processes within the North Port of Incheon, Korea, this study estimated the sedimentation rate and then determined the dominant mechanisms for the...  相似文献   

山西数字台网震级测定方法研究     

范瑾  苏燕  孟小琴  梁向军  张玲 《山西地震》2019,(2):4-7

震级是表示地震本身大小的一个量度,也是地震的基本参数之一。利用山西数字测震台网2009-2016年ML≥3.5以上宽频带数字地震资料,对近震震级ML、面波震级MS、宽频带面波震级Ms(BB)和矩震级Mw的震级测定方法进行讨论研究和对比,认为新震级标度能发挥宽频带数字地震资料的优越性,有利于资料的交换利用及对外发布。  相似文献   

Evolution of permafrost in China during the last 20 ka     

Jin  Huijun  Jin  Xiaoying  He  Ruixia  Luo  Dongliang  Chang  Xiaoli  Wang  Shaoling  Marchenko  Sergey S  Yang  Sizhong  Yi  Chaolu  Li  Shijie  Harris  Stuart A 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2019,62(8):1207-1223

The formation and evolution of permafrost in China during the last 20 ka were reconstructed on the basis of large amount of paleo-permafrost remains and paleo-periglacial evidence, as well as paleo-glacial landforms, paleo-flora and paleofauna records. The results indicate that, during the local Last Glacial Maximum(LLGM) or local Last Permafrost Maximum(LLPMax), the extent of permafrost of China reached 5.3×106-5.4×106 km2, or thrice that of today, but permafrost shrank to only0.80×106-0.85×106 km2, or 50% that of present, during the local Holocene Megathermal Period(LHMP), or the local Last Permafrost Minimum(LLPMin). On the basis of the dating of periglacial remains and their distributive features, the extent of permafrost in China was delineated for the two periods of LLGM(LLPMax) and LHMP(LLPMin), and the evolution of permafrost in China was divided into seven periods as follows:(1) LLGM in Late Pleistocene(ca. 20000 to 13000-10800 a BP)with extensive evidence for the presence of intensive ice-wedge expansion for outlining its LLPMax extent;(2) A period of dramatically changing climate during the early Holocene(10800 to 8500-7000 a BP) when permafrost remained relatively stable but with a general trend of shrinking areal extent;(3) The LHMP in the Mid-Holocene(8500-7000 to 4000-3000 a BP)when permafrost degraded intensively and extensively, and shrank to the LLPMin;(4) Neoglaciation during the late Holocene(4000-3000 to 1000 a BP, when permafrost again expanded;(5) Medieval Warming Period(MWP) in the late Holocene(1000-500 a BP) when permafrost was in a relative decline;(6) Little Ice Age(LIA) in the late Holocene(500-100 a BP), when permafrost relatively expanded, and;(7) Recent warming(during the 20 th century), when permafrost continuously degraded and still is degrading. The paleo-climate, geography and paleopermafrost extents and other features were reconstructed for each of these seven periods.  相似文献   

基于非确定性分析法的顺层边坡抗震性研究          下载免费PDF全文

周进  乔明叶 《地震工程学报》2019,41(4):925-930

顺层岩质边坡的抗震性指标大部分都是非确定的,无法用固定阈值衡量。提出基于非确定性分析法的顺层边坡抗震性性能研究,将顺层岩质边坡看作若干个叠加的薄板;运用非确定性分析法计算各个薄板的动力安全系数和动力极限状态方程,并对顺层边坡动力极限状态方程进行求解,可得在地震作用力下顺层边坡动力可靠度指标与顺层边坡失效概率之间的关系;评估地震作用力下顺层边坡整体稳定性,同时综合考量顺岩边坡的最小平均安全系数以及平均失效概率,得出评估结果。实验结果显示,在地震作用力下,顺层边坡坡高、坡角、岩层倾角对顺岩边坡抗震性能影响显著,评估结果与实际结果一致。  相似文献   

京西北地区地震重定位及构造特征     

刘燕翔  卫俊  李金  王妍  李峰  王曰风  蔡玲玲 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,41(1):19-24

采用双差定位法对京西北地区（39.5°—41.5° N,113°—117° E）2013年1月1日至2017年12月31日6 223次有效地震进行精确定位,得到该区震源分布的精细图像和震源深度剖面图。结果显示,重新定位后地震的水平分布更集中,沿断裂带分布特征更加明显,震中在断裂带呈更明显的条带状、簇状分布,地震与线状的深浅断裂构造的关系密切;大部分地震发生在中上地壳,震源分布为典型震源密集区的空间形态,呈纵深约15 km、直径20—40 km的近圆形“厚饼状”。  相似文献   

四川盆地杂卤石地球物理响应特征及预测方法研究——以川中广安地区为例     

侯学文  李进  余中美  刘君豪  谭志远  熊鸿鸽  张永恒 《盐湖研究》2021,29(1):33-43

川中南充盐盆是四川盆地最大的次一级含盐盆地,区域内钾盐具有成盐厚度大、分布范围广、埋藏深度深、岩性复杂等特点,目前尚未建立一套适用于研究区的钾盐地球物理评价方法。以地球物理勘探原理为基础,结合测井、录井、地质、地震等资料,分析和总结出不同岩性的测井响应特征以及分布范围,根据杂卤石"三高一低"的特点,建立杂卤石测井识别方法。在此基础上,优选伽马和声波速度作为敏感参数,建立了杂卤石的地质—测井—地震三位一体井约束地震反演识别方法,并以广参1井为例,预测杂卤石的空间展布情况。最后结合地震反演结果圈定出广安地区为杂卤石沉积的最有利区域。在实际应用中总结出一套适用于研究区的杂卤石预测方法,为研究区后续勘探开发提供了借鉴与参考,具有一定的推广应用价值。  相似文献   

Fingerprinting hydrothermal fluids in porphyry Cu deposits using K and Mg isotopes     

Li  Weiqiang  Zhao  Shugao  Wang  Xiaomin  Li  Shilei  Wang  Guoguang  Yang  Tao  Jin  Zhangdong 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2020,63(1):108-120

In this study, we performed an integrated investigation of K and Mg isotopes in hydrothermally altered rocks from the giant Dexing porphyry Cu deposit in China. Both the altered porphyry intrusion and the surrounding wall rocks exhibit large variations in K and Mg isotope compositions, with δ41K values ranging between-1.02‰ and 0.38‰, and δ26Mg values ranging between-0.49‰ and 0.32‰. The δ41K and δ26Mg values of the majority of altered samples are higher than the isotopic baseline values for upper continental crust. We attribute the general increase in δ41 K and δ26Mg in altered rocks to hydrothermal alteration,which caused preferential incorporation of heavy K and Mg isotopes in alteration products, particularly phyllosilicates. However,a few altered samples show anomalously low δ41K and δ26Mg values. The δ41K and δ26Mg values do not correlate with K and Mg concentrations, or mineralogy of altered samples. The variable K-Mg isotope data likely reflect fluids of different physicalchemical properties, or different isotopic compositions. Based on the combined K-Mg isotope data, at least three groups of hydrothermal fluids are distinguished from the Dexing porphyry deposit. Therefore, K-Mg isotopes are potentially a novel tracer for fingerprinting fluids in complex hydrothermal systems.  相似文献