Seismogenic Structure around the Epicenter of the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake from Micro‐seismic Tomography   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

AN Meijian  FENG Mei  DONG Shuwen  LONG Changxing  ZHAO Yue  YANG Nong  ZHAO Wenjin  ZHANG Jizhong 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4):724-732

Abstract: A three-dimensional local-scale P-velocity model down to 25 km depth around the main shock epicenter region was constructed using 83821 event-to-receiver seismic rays from 5856 aftershocks recorded by a newly deployed temporary seismic network. Checkerboard tests show that our tomographic model has lateral and vertical resolution of ~2 km. The high-resolution P-velocity model revealed interesting structures in the seismogenic layer: (1) The Guanxian-Anxian fault, Yingxiu-Beichuan fault and Wenchuan-Maoxian fault of the Longmen Shan fault zone are well delineated by sharp upper crustal velocity changes; (2) The Pengguan massif has generally higher velocity than its surrounding areas, and may extend down to at least ~10 km from the surface; (3) A sharp lateral velocity variation beneath the Wenchuan-Maoxian fault may indicate that the Pengguan massif’s western boundary and/or the Wenchuan-Maoxian fault is vertical, and the hypocenter of the Wenchuan earthquake possibly located at the conjunction point of the NW dipping Yingxiu-Beichuan and Guanxian-Anxian faults, and vertical Wenchuan-Maoxian fault; (4) Vicinity along the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault is characterized by very low velocity and low seismicity at shallow depths, possibly due to high content of porosity and fractures; (5) Two blocks of low-velocity anomaly are respectively imaged in the hanging wall and foot wall of the Guanxian-Anxian fault with a ~7 km offset with ~5 km vertical component.  相似文献   

全球变暖背景下南宁地区寒潮活动的变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈业国  何冬燕  农孟松 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(4):245-249

 利用1961-2005年南宁地区8个气象观测站的逐日平均气温和最低气温资料,分析近45 a南宁地区寒潮活动的特征及其多年变化特点,并且研究了环流场异常对寒潮事件发生频率的影响。结果表明,南宁地区寒潮活动期区域差异较大：东部开始早,结束晚;西北部开始晚,结束早,寒潮出现在12、1和2月。近45 a来,寒潮具有两次跃变异常,分别发生在20世纪70年代前期和90年代后期;寒潮活动总的趋势是减少的,减少频数为0.12次/10 a,这主要与日最低气温比较高有关。此外,针对强寒潮活动年和弱寒潮活动年,给出了500 hPa典型高度距平场特征。  相似文献   

Application and evaluation of ground surface pre-grouting reinforcement for 800-m-deep underground opening through large fault zones     

Deyu Qian  Nong Zhang  Mingwei Zhang  Hideki Shimada  Peng Cao  Yanlong Chen  Kai Wen  Sen Yang  Nianchao Zhang 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(13):285

Faults are complex geological conditions that are commonly encountered during underground excavation. Many support schemes, such as using a single pilot heading method and 30-m-long borehole pre-grouting, have been implemented during the pilot excavation of an 800-m-deep underground opening that passes through large fault zones in East China. However, various geo-hazards, including groundwater inrush, debris flow, and roof collapse, are still occurring, which seriously threaten tunneling safety. To eliminate the geo-hazards and ensure tunneling safety, ground surface pre-grouting (GSPG) was proposed and implemented for the first time to reinforce the regional engineering rock mass for this proposed 800-m-deep underground opening passing through large fault zones. The minimum grouting pressure of GSPG at a depth of 800 m below the surface is put forward based on hydraulic fracturing theory, providing valuable guidance for GSPG engineering practice. Engineering practice demonstrates that GSPG eliminates geo-hazards, improves the objective rock mass stability, and ensures tunneling safety. Field measurements indicate that the displacement velocity of the surrounding rock shows an obvious fluctuation response under the influence of GSPG, and the impact of GSPG on the stability of the 800-m-deep underground opening that has been excavated dramatically decreases as the distance from the grouting borehole increases. Moreover, there is a strong negative exponential correlation between the maximum velocity of deformations and the distance from the grouting borehole. In addition, the safe distance underground during GSPG is greater than 137 m.  相似文献   

2008年6月广西持续性暴雨的诊断与数值模拟   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1  

陈业国  农孟松 《气象科学》2010,30(2):250-255

用NCEP/NCAR全球逐日再分析格点资料和广西区域日降水资料,对2008年6月12—13日发生在广西的持续性暴雨过程进行了诊断分析,并利用中尺度数值模式WRF进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:暴雨过程的水汽来源主要为孟加拉湾南部和南海北部;在强降水期间,暴雨区上空低层为较强的大气层结不稳定区,中高层为大气层结相对稳定区,不稳定能量与降水强度有着很好的对应关系;西南急流作为对流系统上升的触发机制,为广西持续性暴雨过程的发生和发展提供了水汽条件和动力条件。WRF模式成功模拟出本次暴雨过程的大尺度环流形势的演变及中尺度降雨分布,本次暴雨与850hPa上一个β中尺度低涡的生成和强烈发展直接关联。  相似文献   

数字高程模型（DEM）在构造地貌研究中的应用新进展   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10  

张会平 杨农刘少峰  张岳桥 《地质通报》2006,25(6):660-669

简要介绍了数字高程模型(DEM)的基本概念,系统总结了近些年来DEM空间分析技术在构造地貌研究中的最新进展,列举并讨论了DEM相关数据和技术在典型地貌特征分析和宏观构造地貌演化研究中的典型应用实例.数字高程模型(DEM)理论和数据精度的不断发展和提高,DEM及其空间分析技术与相关地学研究手段相结合的复合分析,必将为构造地貌研究实现定量化提供强有力的技术支持.  相似文献   

混凝土拉伸断裂过程及尺寸效应的数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

朱万成  林天革  唐春安  黄明利  梁正召 《岩土力学》2002,23(2):147-151

混凝土结构的尺寸效应是近几十年来一个十分重要的研究领域。应用材料破坏过程分析软件MFPA^2D，把混凝土视为水泥沙浆、骨料及两者间的粘结带构成的三相复合材料，对不同尺寸混凝土单边裂纹紧凑拉伸试样的断裂过程及其强度的尺寸效应进行了数值模拟。数值模拟结果与Bazant提出的尺度效应律表现出较好的一致性。  相似文献   

若干原地复发强震震源区的震级—频度关系     

闻学泽  陈农 《四川地震》1993,(2)

为了检验属于板内构造环境的中国大陆是否存在“特征地震”的复发行为,本文研究了10个原地复发强震震源区的震级—频度关系,其中,各震级档的地震频度均按主震之间的时间间隔归一化。结果主要表明:在单一震源或发震断裂段的震级—(对数)累积频度关系图上,中—小地震部分仍然服从于G—R(古登堡—李克特)关系(指数分布);而主要大小的(特征)地震部分明显地离开中—小地震部分的G—R关系曲线,亦即不服从于指数分布或b值模型;在这两个不连续部分之间存在1—2个震级单位的频次“空档”;而代表一个震源区主要大小地震的特征事件,其震级波动大多在0.5个震级单位左右。这些结果与Schwartz和Coppersmith(1984)提出的特征地震震级—频度模式一致。  相似文献   

Surface Rupture and Co-seismic Displacement Produced by the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12th, 2008, Sichuan, China： Eastwards Growth of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

DONG Shuwen  ZHANG Yueqiao  WU Zhenhan  YANG Nong  MA Yinsheng  SHI Wei  CHEN Zhengle  LONG Changxing  AN Meijian 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5)

An earthquake of Ms 8 struck Wenchuan County,western Sichuan,China,on May 12~(th), 2008 and resulted in long surface ruptures (>300 km).The first-hand observations about the surface ruptures produced by the earthquake in the worst-hit areas of Yingxiu,Beichuan and Qingchuan, ascertained that the causative structure of the earthquake was in the central fault zones of the Longmenshan tectonic belt.Average co-seismic vertical displacements along the individual fault of the Yingxiu-Beichuan rupture zone reach 2.5-4m and the cumulative vertical displacements across the central and frontal Longmenshan fault belt is about 5-6 m.The surface rupture strength was reduced from north of Beichuan to Qingchuan County and shows 2-3 m dextral strike-slip component.The Wenchuan thrust-faulting earthquake is a manifestation of eastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau under the action of continuous convergence of the Indian and Eurasian continents.  相似文献   

岩石破坏后的注浆固结体的力学性能   总被引：15，自引：5，他引：10  

张农  侯朝炯 《岩土力学》1998,19(3):50-53

在破裂岩石残余强度和变形性能研究的基础上,进一步开展其注浆固结体的力学性能试验研究。试验证实注浆固结后破裂岩块残余强度有不同程度的提高,同时发现其侧向变形和径向变形趋向协调,从而提高了破裂岩块的塑性变形性能,并在较大变形范围内保持稳定的承载能力。试验结果有助于解释围岩注浆加固控制巷道变形的机理。  相似文献   

中国东西部地貌边界带晚新生代构造变形历史与青藏高原东缘隆升过程初步研究   总被引：24，自引：3，他引：24  

张岳桥  杨农  陈文  马寅生  孟晖 《地学前缘》2003,10(4):599-612

中国东西部地貌边界带横跨青藏高原东部与扬子地块,成为我国大陆Ⅰ级构造地貌陡变带和地球物理变异带。根据地表构造形迹的组合特征,地貌边界带由3个主要形变系统组成,从北到南它们是:东昆仑—岷山左旋走滑-冲断系统、龙门山—龙泉山冲断-推覆系统、鲜水河—安宁河左旋走滑-冲断系统等。在综合分析各构造系统的组成、变形特征、变形年代学和演化过程等基础上,提出了青藏东缘晚新生代阶段性构造演化模式。指出,晚中新世至早上新世时期,强烈的走滑-冲断变形主要发生在地貌边界带中南段,导致鲜水河—安宁河走滑-冲断系统和龙门山—龙泉山冲断-推覆系统的形成和发展,而东昆仑—秦岭断裂系则以走滑伸展变形为主,沿西秦岭构造带发育走滑拉分盆地和幔源火山喷发活动。晚上新世—早更新世时期,构造运动性质发生了南北反转,强烈的走滑挤压活动主要集中在北段东昆仑—岷山走滑-冲断系统,岷山隆起带在此时期强烈活动而快速崛起;青藏高原东南缘鲜水河—安宁河走滑断裂系统则以走滑伸展变形为主,在深切河谷中发育了昔格达河湖相沉积。中更新世以来,构造形变系统以挤压剪切为主,兼具正向倾滑活动,局部发生断陷作用。基于攀西地区深切河谷的构造地貌分析,提出了青藏东南缘晚新生代4-阶段隆升模式。  相似文献