Heat flow and thermal modeling of the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Lijuan He  Liangping Xiong  Jiyang Wang 《Tectonophysics》2002,351(3)

Geothermal gradients are estimated to vary from 31 to 43 °C/km in the Yinggehai Basin based on 99 temperature data sets compiled from oil well data. Thirty-seven thermal conductivity measurements on core samples were made and the effects of porosity and water saturation were corrected. Thermal conductivities of mudstone and sandstone range from 1.2 to 2.7 W/m K, with a mean of 2.0±0.5 W/m K after approximate correction. Heat flow at six sites in the Yinggehai Basin range from 69 to 86 mW/m², with a mean value of 79±7 mW/m². Thick sediments and high sedimentation rates resulted in a considerable radiogenic contribution, but also depressed the heat flow. Measurements indicate the radiogenic heat production in the sediment is 1.28 μW/m³, which contributes 20% to the surface heat flow. After subtracting radiogenic heat contribution of the sediment, and sedimentation correction, the average basal heat flow from basement is about 86 mW/m².Three stages of extension are recognized in the subsidence history, and a kinematic model is used to study the thermal evolution of the basin since the Cenozoic era. Model results show that the peak value of basal heat flow was getting higher and higher through the Cenozoic. The maximum basal heat flow increased from 65 mW/m² in the first stage to 75 mW/m² in the second stage, and then 90 mW/m² in the third stage. The present temperature field of the lithosphere of the Yinggehai Basin, which is still transient, is the result of the multistage extension, but was primarily associated with the Pliocene extension.  相似文献   

一种计算固体潮观测数据改正值的新方法     

熊先保 《地震研究》2002,25(4):346-350

从标定前一天和标定当天的地形变前兆数据变化趋势入手，在分析当天数据结构的基础上采用最小二乘法原理，提出了一种计算数采改正值的新方法。经典型实例计算表明，该方法精度较高，效果明显。并对误差的来源作了进一步的分析。  相似文献   

Determining Q of near-surface materials from Rayleigh waves     

Jianghai Xia  Richard D. Miller  Choon B. Park  Gang Tian 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2002,51(2-4)

High-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh wave phase velocities can be inverted to shear (S)-wave velocities for a layered earth model up to 30 m below the ground surface in many settings. Given S-wave velocity (V_S), compressional (P)-wave velocity (V_P), and Rayleigh wave phase velocities, it is feasible to solve for P-wave quality factor Q_P and S-wave quality factor Q_S in a layered earth model by inverting Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients. Model results demonstrate the plausibility of inverting Q_S from Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients. Contributions to the Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients from Q_P cannot be ignored when Vs/V_P reaches 0.45, which is not uncommon in near-surface settings. It is possible to invert Q_P from Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients in some geological setting, a concept that differs from the common perception that Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients are always far less sensitive to Q_P than to Q_S. Sixty-channel surface wave data were acquired in an Arizona desert. For a 10-layer model with a thickness of over 20 m, the data were first inverted to obtain S-wave velocities by the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method and then quality factors were determined by inverting attenuation coefficients.  相似文献   

Utilization of water resources,ecological balance and land desertification in the Tarim Basin,Xinjiang     

Zili Fan  Xuncheng Xia  Yuling Shen  Kurban Alishir  Ranghui Wang  Shengyu Li  Yingjun Ma 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(1):102-108

Because of the human exploitation and utilization of water resources in the Tarim Basin, the water resources consumption has changed from mainly natural ecosystem to artificial oasis ecosystem, and the environment has changed correspondingly. The basic changes are: desertification and oasis development coexist, both “the human being advance and the desert retreat” and “the desert advance and the human being retreat” coexist, but the latter is dominant. In the upper reaches, water volume drawing to irrigated agricultural areas has increased, artificial oases have been enlarging and moving from the deltas in the lower reaches of many rivers to the piedmont plains. In the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the stream flow has decreased, old oases have declined, natural vegetations have been degenerating, desertification has been enlarging, and the environment has deteriorated. The transition regions, which consist of forestlands, grasslands and waters between the desert and the oases, have been decreasing continuously, their shelter function to the oases has been weakened, and the desert is threatening the oases seriously.  相似文献   

上海数字强震观测网     

徐永林  周生良  熊里军  火恩杰  张奕麟  王炜 《地震地磁观测与研究》2002,23(6):37-43

上海市数字强震观测网是我国第1个具有一定规模的数字强震观测网，是上海市“九五”期间建设完成的，它由3部分组成；地面观测网，结构观测网和深井强震观测系统，每一部分都有不同的功能和目的，本文详细介绍该强震网的整个概况。功能及取得的部分观测成果。  相似文献   

河流水质风险评价的灰色-随机风险率方法   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

胡国华  夏军  赵沛伦 《地理科学》2002,22(2):249-252

提出了量化影响河流水质的随机不确定性与灰色不确定性的水质超标灰色－随机风险率概念，建立了水质超标灰色－随机风险率评价模型。在水质单项参数评价模型中，将河流污染物浓度变量的分布处理成灰色概率分布，将污染物浓度超过水质类别标准值的风险率处理成灰色概率，即水质超标灰色－随机风险率。在水质综合评价模型中，河流水环境系统被考虑为担任某一使用可能的可靠性系统，而任意一种水质参数超标意味着河流水体使用功能不能得到应有的保证，也即表明水体综合评价超标，最后借鉴系统可靠性分析的理论和方法计算水质综合超标率。该方法应用于黄河花园口断面重金属污染风险评价。  相似文献   

Research progress of socio-economic water cycle in China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jia Shao-feng  Wang Guo  Zhang Shi-feng  Yu Gui-rui  Wang Jin-xia  Xia Jun 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(1):114-120

China has made great progress in the study of socio-economic water cycle. She has completed national water resources appraisement and medium to long-term water supply planning. She has been engaging in study on water-deficient regions in North China and Northwest China for about half a century. For solving water shortage problem in northern China, she has put forward the famous South-to-North Water Transferring Projects, which has been set as one of the four biggest national projects in the Tenth Five-Year-Plan period although there are still debates. For promoting water use efficiency, China has been reforming her water management system, including water right system and water price system. There has already been a case of water right purchase. China has also done a lot of research on the interaction between human activity, water and ecosystem. For meeting the need of sustainability and coordinating water resources development and environmental protection, the study of ecological water requirement became very hot in recent years. There are three focuses of socio-economic water cycle study now in China: water transfer projects from the south to the north, water resources management and ecological water requirement.  相似文献   

非线性奇异摄动问题的微分求积区域分裂法     

沈烨  吴雄华 《华东地质学院学报》2003,26(2):142-144

应用微分求积区域分裂法求解非线性奇异摄动问题。数值实验结果表明，该法准确度高，计算量少。  相似文献   

云南滇池微生物对磷循环与沉积作用的实验研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

东野脉兴  樊竹青  张灼  夏学惠  田升平  周建民 《化工矿产地质》2003,25(2):65-75

对滇池磷的现代沉积作用的研究中发现,滇池微生物种群和数量繁多,但能对磷溶解、转化、迁移、聚集、沉积的微生物主要有解磷菌和聚磷菌两类。在底泥磷高含量区域,解磷菌的种群和数量与底泥磷含量成负相关关系,与水体磷含量成正相关关系,而聚磷菌的种群和数量与底泥磷含量成正相关关系,与水体磷含量成负相关关系;在底泥磷低含量区域,上述相关性则相反。表明当解磷菌的种群与繁衍量大于聚磷菌的种群和繁衍量时,底泥中的磷向水体迁移,反之,水体中的磷向底质迁移、聚集。这个事实令人信服的证明了微生物对磷循环的重要作用。滇池这种活着的微生物在自然环境条件下对磷的溶解、转化、迁移、聚集和沉积的作用,对古磷块岩微生物成矿说提供了可靠的证据,且对以磷为限制性因子的湖、海、江河环境污染的防治提供了理论资料。  相似文献   

Isotopic Tracing of Trophication Processes over the Last Millennia on Lake Chenghai     

吴敬禄  王苏民  夏威岚 《中国地球化学学报》2003,22(3):271-279

Multi-parameter studies (stable isotopes in carbonate and organic matter, pigment,organic carbon and nitrogen contents) from a 660-yr continuous sediment core from Lake Cheng-hai, a closed, eutropic lake in southern China, provide information on lake historical eutrophi-cation. During the last 660 years, great changes have taken place in productivity and eutrophi-cation of Lake Chenghai in response to human activities. In 1690, the productivity of the lakebegan to increase as Lake Chenghai became closed from agriculture in the lake‘‘ s watershed. In 1942, Lake Chenghai evolved to eutrophic state, marked by an increase in organic carbon, ni-trogen, CaC03, pigment contents and obvious negative values of stable isotopes, which is more or less simultaneous with the large-scale population immigration during the period. In 1984, in-tensive human activities induced modern lacustrine productivity and eutrophic level. Human-in-duced trophic changes during the past few decades have affected the Lake Chenghai ecosystem tosuch an extent that it has never experienced before in the last 660 years.  相似文献