Discussion on “An Empirical Failure Criterion for Intact Rocks” by Peng et al. (2013)     

R. P. Bewick  P. K. Kaiser 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(2):817-823

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On the cosmological evolution of the FR II radio source population     

Christian R. Kaiser †  Paul Alexander 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,302(3):515-529

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Changes in megafaunal benthic communities in different habitats after trawling disturbance   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Kaiser  M. J.; Edwards  D. B.; Armstrong  P. J.; Radford  K.; Lough  N. E. L.; Flatt  R. P.; Jones  H. D. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(3):353-361

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A Retrospective of Oil and Gas Field Development in the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Gulf of Mexico, 1947–2017     

Kaiser  Mark J.  Narra  Siddhartha 《Natural Resources Research》2019,28(3):685-715

Natural Resources Research - The U.S. Gulf of Mexico is a world-class hydrocarbon basin and industry has an impressive track record of advancing its capabilities in the region. From 1947 to 2017,...  相似文献   

Metabolic activity throughout early development of dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus (Sciaenidae)     

C Edworthy  NC James  B Erasmus  JOG Kemp  H Kaiser  WM Potts 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(1):67-74

The physiology of fishes in the early stages of development remains poorly assessed despite the importance of identifying energy bottlenecks in organisms faced with changing environmental conditions. This study describes the metabolic activity of dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus throughout its early development, from hatchling to settlement stage. Standard, routine and active metabolic rates (SMR, RMR and AMR, respectively) were assessed to determine the species’ metabolic scope and identify how metabolism changes with growth and development. Distinct metabolic changes occurred in association with developmental changes during the early life stages, with flexion-stage larvae showing significantly reduced metabolic scope (approx. 0.30 µmol O₂ ind.^–1 h^–1), representing an energy bottleneck. Based on these findings, it is likely that larvae of A. japonicus are most susceptible to environmental perturbations during flexion. The variability of metabolic rates during the diel cycle was also assessed and revealed that the early-stage larvae showed no preference for daylight, although settlement-stage juveniles were more active during daylight hours (RMR = 12.78 µmol O₂ ind.^–1 h^–1) than at night (RMR = 5.87 µmol O₂ ind.^–1 h^–1). These results suggest that metabolic measurements of the SMR of A. japonicus larvae can be taken at any time of the diel cycle until the settlement phase, when readings should take place at night.  相似文献   

Distribution of the burden of fisheries regulations in Europe: The north/south divide     

Maria Hadjimichael  Gareth Edwards-Jones  Michel J. Kaiser 《Marine Policy》2010

The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) is a priority area of the European Union's Better Regulation agenda. Understanding the spatial variation in the application of the policy and the reasons behind these differences would provide insights into policy making in different socioeconomic and cultural settings that will assist in better regulation. The CFP aqcuis (the body of European Union law accumulated thus far) was analysed by creating a database composed of pre-defined elements from each obligation. Distinct differences are apparent in the ‘burden’ imposed by regulations in the Northern and Southern waters. However, a combination of a timeline of fish landings and the accumulation of the CFP regulations shows that despite the increase in the number of regulations this has not led to the anticipated reduction in landings. Historical, biological and geopolitical differences between the two major marine regions of the EU are discussed in terms of the impact they have had on the formation of the different fisheries management models in the different regions. Finally, the elements forming these models are discussed in terms of successes and failures in the context of the 2012 CFP reform.  相似文献   

Optical long baseline intensity interferometry: prospects for stellar physics     

Jean-Pierre Rivet  Farrokh Vakili  Olivier Lai  David Vernet  Mathilde Fouché  William Guerin  Guillaume Labeyrie  Robin Kaiser 《Experimental Astronomy》2018,46(3):531-542

More than sixty years after the first intensity correlation experiments by Hanbury Brown and Twiss, there is renewed interest for intensity interferometry techniques for high angular resolution studies of celestial sources. We report on a successful attempt to measure the bunching peak in the intensity correlation function for bright stellar sources with 1 meter telescopes (I2C project). We propose further improvements of our preliminary experiments of spatial interferometry between two 1 m telescopes, and discuss the possibility to export our method to existing large arrays of telescopes.  相似文献   

Measurement of dissolved oxygen using optodes in a FerryBox system   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D.J. Hydes  M.C. Hartman  J. Kaiser  J.M. Campbell 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,83(4):485-490

Optode sensors can provide detailed information on concentrations of dissolved oxygen, which in turn may be used to quantify variations in net primary productivity. Throughout 2005 and 2006 the performance of commercially available oxygen optodes was examined, one in each year. The optode was part of an autonomous measurement system (FerryBox) on a ferry operating between Portsmouth (UK) and Bilbao (Spain). On crossings during which water samples were collected manually, the optode outputs were compared to measurements of dissolved oxygen made by Winkler titrations. The optodes maintained good stability with no evidence of instrumental drift during the course of a year. Over the observed concentration range (230–330 mM m⁻³) the optode data were approximately 2% low in both years. By fitting the optode data to the Winkler data the median difference between the optode and Winkler measurements is reduced to less than 1 mM m⁻³ (0.3%) in both years. The most appropriate calibration factor for 2005 was corrected O₂ = Optode O₂ × 1.018 and for 2006 the corresponding equation is corrected O₂ = Optode O₂ × 0.884 + 36.8. The standard deviation (95%) of the difference between the individual Winkler measurements was 5 mM m⁻³ and 3 mM m⁻³ in 2005 and 2006 respectively.Calculation of the oxygen saturation anomaly is required for calculation of the air sea exchange of oxygen and net biological production. This calculation requires the use of both salinity and temperature data. Salinity is measured to better than 0.1 so the corresponding error in anomaly is less than 0.2 mM m⁻³. Distortion of the temperature data is present due to warming of the water pumped to the optode. In winter this warming at the optode may be as great as 0.4 °C. The difference in the pumped water temperature can be corrected for by reference to other measurements of sea surface temperature reducing the error to less than 1 mM m⁻³.  相似文献   

Wind-wave variability in a shallow tidal sea—Spectral modelling combined with neural network methods     

Agnieszka Herman  Ralf Kaiser  Hanz D. Niemeyer 《Coastal Engineering》2009

In this paper the wind-wave variability in the tidal basins of the German Wadden Sea is modelled with combined numerical and neural-network (NN) methods. First, the wave propagation and transformation in the study area are modelled with the state-of-the-art third-generation spectral wave model SWAN. The ability of SWAN to accurately reproduce the phenomena of interest in nonstationary conditions governed by highly variable winds, water levels and currents is shown by comparisons of the modelled and measured mean wave parameters at four stations. The principal component analysis of the SWAN results is then used to reveal the dominating spatial patterns in the data and to reduce their dimensionality, thus enabling an efficient and relatively straightforward NN modelling of mean wave parameters in the whole study area. It is shown that the data produced with the approach developed in this work have statistical properties (discrete probability distributions of the mean wave parameters etc.) very close to the properties of the data obtained with SWAN, thus proving that this approach can be used as a reliable tool for wind wave simulation in coastal areas, complementary to (often computationally demanding) spectral wave models.  相似文献