The age of the Paludi Formation: a major constraint to the beginning of the Apulia-verging orogenic transport in the northern sector of the Calabria–Peloritani Arc     

Glauco Bonardi  Paola de Capoa  Angelida Di Staso  Vincenzo Perrone  Maurizio Sonnino  Mario Tramontana 《地学学报》2005,17(4):331-337

A stratigraphic revision of the Paludi Formation, cropping out in Northern Calabria on the north-eastern side of Sila Massif, has confirmed that it has been deposited between two main tectonic phases. Actually the formation is involved only by top to the north-east thrusts, different from those separating the crystalline and ophiolitic nappes of Northern Calabria, and rests unconformably on the Sila Unit, the uppermost nappe of the tectonic stack. In the frame of the interpretation of Northern Calabria as a fragment of the Alps, the Paludi Formation play the role of a deposit post-dating the eo-alpine tectonic phases and pre-dating the Apenninic orogenic transport. Therefore the Aquitanian age of the formation, obtained by nannofloras analyses, can be considered the minimum age to the Apulia-verging orogenic transport, witnessed by top to north-east thrusts. It fairly corresponds to the age referred to the Lucanian ocean closure.  相似文献   

An empirical test of the theoretical population corrections to the red clump absolute magnitude     

Susan M. Percival  Maurizio Salaris 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,343(2):539-546

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Mapping the earthquake-induced landslide hazard around the main oil pipeline network of the Agri Valley (Basilicata,southern Italy) by means of two GIS-based modelling approaches     

Flavio Borfecchia  Gerardo De Canio  Luigi De Cecco  Alessandro Giocoli  Sergio Grauso  Luigi La Porta  Sandro Martini  Maurizio Pollino  Ivan Roselli  Alessandro Zini 《Natural Hazards》2016,80(2):759-773

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The green–blue swing: plasticity of plankton food‐webs in response to coastal oceanographic dynamics          下载免费PDF全文

Domenico D'Alelio  Maria Grazia Mazzocchi  Marina Montresor  Diana Sarno  Adriana Zingone  Iole Di Capua  Gayantonia Franzè  Francesca Margiotta  Vincenzo Saggiomo  Maurizio Ribera d'Alcalà 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1155-1170

The internal organization of plankton communities plays a key role in biogeochemical cycles and in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the structure of a marine plankton community (including both unicellular and multicellular organisms) was inferred by applying an ecological network approach to species abundances observed weekly at the long‐term ecological research station MareChiara (LTER‐MC) in the Gulf of Naples (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea) in the summers of 2002–2009. Two distinct conditions, characterized by different combination of salinity and chlorophyll values, alternated at the site: one influenced by coastal waters, herein named ‘green’, and the other reflecting more offshore conditions, named ‘blue’. The green and blue ‘phases’ showed different keystone biological elements: namely, large diatoms and small‐sized flagellates, respectively. Several correlations amongst species belonging to different trophic groups were found in both phases (connectance ~0.30). In the green phase, several links between phytoplankton and mesozooplankton and within the latter were detected, suggesting matter flow from microbes up to carnivorous zooplankton. A microbial‐loop‐like sub‐web, including mixo‐ and heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ciliates, was present in the green phase, but it was relatively more important in the blue phase. The latter observation suggests a more intense cycling of matter at the microbial trophic level in the blue phase. These results show that different modes of ecological organization can emerge from relatively small changes in the composition of aquatic communities coping with environmental variability. This highlights a significant plasticity in the internal structure of plankton webs, which should be taken into account in predictions of the potential effects of climatic oscillations on aquatic ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles therein.  相似文献   

Zero carbon energy system pathways for Ireland consistent with the Paris Agreement     

James Glynn  Maurizio Gargiulo  Alessandro Chiodi  Paul Deane  Fionn Rogan  Brian Ó Gallachóir 《Climate Policy》2019,19(1):30-42

The Paris Agreement is the last hope to keep global temperature rise below 2°C. The consensus agrees to holding the increase in global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, and to aim for 1.5°C. Each Party’s successive nationally determined contribution (NDC) will represent a progression beyond the party’s then current NDC, and reflect its highest possible ambition. Using Ireland as a test case, we show that increased mitigation ambition is required to meet the Paris Agreement goals in contrast to current EU policy goals of an 80–95% reduction by 2050. For the 1.5°C consistent carbon budgets, the technically feasible scenarios' abatement costs rise to greater than €8,100/tCO₂ by 2050. The greatest economic impact is in the short term. Annual GDP growth rates in the period to 2020 reduce from 4% to 2.2% in the 1.5°C scenario. While aiming for net zero emissions beyond 2050, investment decisions in the next 5–10 years are critical to prevent carbon lock-in.

Key policy insights

• Economic growth can be maintained in Ireland while rapidly decarbonizing the energy system.

• The social cost of carbon needs to be included as standard in valuation of infrastructure investment planning, both by government finance departments and private investors.

• Technological feasibility is not the limiting factor in achieving rapid deep decarbonization.

• Immediate increased decarbonization ambition over the next 3–5 years is critical to achieve the Paris Agreement goals, acknowledging the current 80–95% reduction target is not consistent with temperature goals of ‘well below’ 2°C and pursuing 1.5°C.

• Applying carbon budgets to the energy system results in non-linear CO₂ emissions reductions over time, which contrast with current EU policy targets, and the implied optimal climate policy and mitigation investment strategy.

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High crustal diversity preserved in the lunar meteorite Mount DeWitt 12007 (Victoria Land,Antarctica)          下载免费PDF全文

Alberto Collareta  Massimo D'Orazio  Maurizio Gemelli  Andreas Pack  Luigi Folco 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2016,51(2):351-371

The meteorite Mount DeWitt (DEW) 12007 is a polymict regolith breccia mainly consisting of glassy impact‐melt breccia particles, gabbroic clasts, feldspathic clasts, impact and volcanic glass beads, basaltic clasts, and mingled breccia clasts embedded in a matrix dominated by fine‐grained crystals; vesicular glassy veins and rare agglutinates are also present. Main minerals are plagioclase (typically An_>85) and clinopyroxene (pigeonites and augites, sometimes interspersed). The presence of tranquillityite, coupled with the petrophysical data, the O‐isotope data (Δ¹⁷O = ?0.075), and the FeO_tot/MnO ratios in olivine (91), pyroxene (65), and bulk rock (77) indicate a lunar origin for DEW 12007. Impactites consist of Al‐rich impact‐melt splashes and plagioclase‐rich meta‐melt clasts. The volcanic products belong to the very low titanium (VLT) or low titanium (LT) suites; an unusual subophitic fragment could be cryptomare‐related. Gabbroic clasts could represent part of a shallow intrusion within a volcanic complex with prevailing VLT affinity. DEW 12007 has a mingled bulk composition with relatively high incompatible element abundances and shows a high crustal diversity comprising clasts from the Moon's major terranes and rare lithologies. First‐order petrographic and chemical features suggest that DEW 12007 could be launch‐paired with other meteorites including Y 793274/981031, QUE 94281, EET 87521/96008, and NWA 4884.  相似文献   

Population effects on the red giant clump absolute magnitude: the K band     

Maurizio Salaris  Léo Girardi 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,337(1):332-340

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On the quantitative interpretation of magnetic anomalies by pseudo-gravimetric integration.     

Maurizio Fedi 《地学学报》1989,1(6):564-572

Poisson's theorem relates linearly the derivative of the gravity potential (taken along the total magnetization vector direction) and the magnetic potential due to a common, isolated source with constant density and magnetization distributions.
From that theorem, two very useful functional transformations for magnetic anomalies were formulated by Baranov, that is the 'pseudo-gravimetric integration' and the 'reduction to the pole'.
In this paper, it is shown that the first transformation is, in some sense, more useful than the reduction to the pole and, further, that its utilization presents noticeable advantages as regards the interpretation of magnetic anomalies. In fact, the pseudo-gravimetric integration, in contrast to the reduction to the pole, also provides a smoothing of the anomaly map and, in particular, reduces the degree of non-linearity existing in the mathematical relationship between the data and the source depth.
In order to show this last property of the transformation, spectral expansion inversions by 2_1/2D structures were performed on both magnetic and pseudo-gravimetric synthetic anomalies and the respective speed and precision were compared. The tests clearly indicate that very accurate estimates of the geometric parameters of the known source can be more easily and rapidly calculated by the transformed anomalies. Furthermore, due to its smoothing property, the method seems particularly useful when data are noisy. Tests on real anomalies confirm these results.  相似文献   

Population effects on the red giant clump absolute magnitude, and distance determinations to nearby galaxies     

Léo Girardi  Maurizio Salaris 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,323(1):109-129

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Temporal variations in the spatial distribution of shoot density in a Posidonia oceanica meadow and patterns of genetic diversity     

Valerio Zupo  Maria Cristina Buia  Maria Cristina Gambi  Maurizio Lorenti  & Gabriele Procaccini 《Marine Ecology》2006,27(4):328-338

The meadows of the Mediterranean endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica exhibit relatively high variations of structural and biometric features at various spatial scales. An investigation performed in 1992 in the meadow off Lacco Ameno (Island of Ischia, Gulf of Naples, Italy) detected peculiar spatial patterns of plant distribution, characterized by nestlike structures with radially increasing or decreasing shoot densities. Eight years later (2000), geo‐referenced collections at selected points were repeated to trace the temporal variations of shoot density and investigate the recurrence of the density cores previously detected. In addition, shoots for molecular analyses were collected to check the hypothesis that nestlike patterns exhibit highest levels of genetic variability, due to the confluence of several genetically distinct stolons. The 2000 survey confirmed the presence of the main density cores detected in 1992, although their spatial distribution was slightly shifted and a general decrease of spatial anisotropy was observed, probably due to an increased disturbance, mainly due to pleasure boat anchoring. Patterns of genetic diversity showed a more complex picture, well related to the shoot density spatial pattern, especially when compared with the previous 1992 survey. Patterns of genetic diversity confirmed our previous hypotheses on the genesis of shoot density cores, suggesting they are produced over long time, due to a slow stolonization process and a convergence of different genotypes. Regression of the meadow and decrease of density may lead, in short periods, to a homogenization of the density patterns, while genetic diversity cores represent a long‐term ‘memory’ of their previous distribution.  相似文献