Deriving regional vertical fluid migration rates offshore southwestern Taiwan using bottom-simulating reflectors     

Liwen Chen  Wu-Cheng Chi  Char-Shine Liu  Chun-Tien Shyu  Yunshuen Wang  Char-Yu Lu 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2012,33(4):379-388

Fluid migration rates are important parameters for understanding the structural characteristics and evolution of the crustal tectonics and hydrocarbon exploration. However, they are difficult to measure on the seafloor. Densely sampled temperature measurements might shed light on our study of the fluid migration rates. In this study, we first use reflection seismic data to derive geothermal gradient patterns at different sub-seafloor depths, then calculated 1D vertical fluid flow models by analyzing the Péclet numbers in the offshore regions of SW Taiwan. We found Péclet numbers ranging from 2 to 5, implying that vertical fluid flow velocities are between 6 and 44 cm/year. Assumed a homogenous permeable layer and no lateral variation of the temperature fields, we analyzed possible errors caused by depth-dependent thermal conductivity and velocity-depth function. They probably cause less than 2 cm/year of errors in the estimated vertical fluid flow rate. In terms of regional fluid flow patterns, we found higher fluid flow rates near the toe of the trench, and a dramatic increase in fluid flow rate when the continental slope of the Chinese passive margin enters into the trench, and reduced fluid flow rates in the hinterland. We propose that this is a new and potentially useful method to derive regional fluid flow rate models for studying geochemical and biological processes in shallow seafloor sediments and the regional hydrological budget.  相似文献   

基于核密度估计的广佛都市区路网演变分析   总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18  

刘锐  胡伟平  王红亮  吴驰  何劲 《地理科学》2011,31(1):81-86

根据1957年与1982年2个时期的地形图并结合1995年与2008年的遥感卫星影像提取路网专题信息,利用ArcGIS建立广佛都市区路网数据库。采用GIS空间分析中的核密度估计方法并结合各个方位道路密度,分析广佛都市区的路网时空演变。分析表明,近50 a来广佛都市区的路网发展总体是以广州市的越秀区和佛山市的禅城区双核为中心不断向外蔓延,次一级核相继出现并不断扩大发展的过程。空间上,路网的演变也呈现出一定的方向特性,正北,西南和正西方向一直是路网密度较高的地区,但路网发展最快的是西南和正东方向。路网密度内部差异逐年递减, 路网系统发育不断成熟。  相似文献   

Paleoenvironments of the evolving Pliocene to early Pleistocene foreland basin in northwestern Taiwan: An example from the Dahan River section          下载免费PDF全文

Tsun‐You Pan  Andrew Tien‐Shun Lin  Wen‐Rong Chi 《Island Arc》2015,24(3):317-341

The overriding of the Luzon volcanic arc atop the underlying Chinese rifted‐continental margin has caused the formation of the Taiwan mountain belts and a peripheral foreland basin west of the orogen since the late Miocene. In this study, lithofacies analysis and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic investigations of the Dahan River section in northwestern (NW) Taiwan were performed. Our results offer insights into the temporal evolution of the sedimentary environments and the competing effects of the sedimentation and basin tectonics of the NW Taiwan foreland basin from the Pliocene to early Pleistocene. Nannofossil biostratigraphic studies showed that the upper Kueichulin Formation and the overlying Chinshui Shale can be assigned to the NN15 biozone of the Pliocene age, and the Cholan Formation pertains to NN16–NN18 of the early Pleistocene. The NN15–NN16 boundary coincides roughly with the boundary of the Chinshui Shale and Cholan Formation. We recognized three major sedimentary environments in the studied foreland succession comprising the upper Kueichulin Formation, Chinshui Shale, Cholan Formation and Yangmei Formation, in ascending order. During the deposition of the upper Kueichulin Formation in the early Pliocene, the dominant environment was a wave‐ and tide‐influenced open marine setting. During the late Pliocene, the environment deepened to an outer‐offshore setting when the sediments of Chinshui Shale were accumulated. In the Pleistocene, the environment then shallowed to wave‐dominated estuaries during the deposition of the lower Cholan Formation, and the basin was rapidly filled, generating a meandering and sandy braided river environment during the deposition of the upper Cholan to the Yangmei Formation. In summary, the evolution of sedimentary environments in the studied succession shows a deepening then a shallowing and coarsening upward trend during the period from the Pliocene to the Pleistocene, spanning the age from approximately 4 to 1 Ma.  相似文献   

Improvement of Oxygen Release from Calcium Peroxide‐polyvinyl Alcohol Beads by Adding Low‐cost Bamboo Biochar and Its Application in Bioremediation          下载免费PDF全文

Chih‐Hung Wu  Shih‐Hsien Chang  Chi‐Wen Lin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(2):287-295

  相似文献   

涪陵页岩气田深层气井酸处理技术研究          下载免费PDF全文

张驰 《探矿工程》2017,44(12):30-33，58

涪陵页岩气田进入二期产建阶段,页岩气井埋深增加,压裂改造难度增大,尤其是在设备限压仅为93 MPa的前提下,深井施工压力高,酸降效果不明显,严重限制了后期各项改造措施的执行。通过分析深层页岩气井酸降效果降低的主要原因,并在此基础上通过室内及现场试验研究了影响酸处理效果的主要因素,试验表明：提高酸处理排量、增加酸液浓度、合理优化酸液用量将有助于提高酸处理效果,为涪陵页岩气田深层页岩气井后续的压裂施工提出了优化建议。  相似文献   

Optimum design and experimental study of multiple tuned mass dampers with limited stroke     

Chi‐Chang Lin  Chih‐Shiuan Lin 《地震工程与结构动力学》2010,39(14):1631-1651

This paper develops a two‐stage optimum design procedure for multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) to reduce structural dynamic responses with the limitation of MTMD's stroke. A new performance index, which is a linear combination of structural response ratio and MTMD stroke ratio by a weighting factor α, is proposed; α is in the range from 0 to 1.0. The larger the α, the more important the stroke. The case of α=1.0 indicates that MTMD is locked. The analytical results show that the MTMD's stroke can be significantly suppressed with little sacrifice of structural control effectiveness when an appropriate α is selected. To verify the design algorithm, a 360 kg‐MTMD composed of five TMD units arranged in parallel was fabricated. Shaking table tests of a large‐scale three‐story building with and without the MTMD under earthquake excitations were conducted at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taiwan. The experimental results show that MTMD is not only effective in mitigating the building responses but also is successful in suppressing its stroke. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于分形理论的沙漠化土地空间结构——以内蒙古多伦县为例   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

阿如旱  杨持  同丽嘎 《地理研究》2010,29(2):283-290

借助RS和GIS技术提取内蒙古多伦县不同时期和不同程度沙漠化土地的空间分布信息,运用分形理论的原理与方法,通过计算斑块周长—面积关系、分维数和稳定性等指数,揭示了不同沙漠化土地类型相互转化的内在机制。结果表明:内蒙古多伦县各时段的土地沙漠化类型具有分形结构,不同沙漠化土地的平均分维数在1.3988~1.5635之间,接近于随机运动值,有潜在的流动趋势。在轻度沙漠化土地、中度沙漠化土地、重度沙漠化土地和严重沙漠化土地等4种类型中,轻度沙漠化土地的分维数在所分析类型中总体上呈波浪式增加,说明其空间结构越来越复杂,稳定性趋于减弱,而重度沙漠化土地空间结构从1987年以来稳定性逐渐变好,且稳定性相对较高。通过对区域沙漠化土地空间结构分析,可以为政府治理沙漠化土地提供支持。  相似文献   

一株南极细菌（Pseudoalteromonas sp.）对模拟海水养殖水体的净化作用          下载免费PDF全文

迟明磊  阚光锋  史翠娟  路来风  林学政  刘胜浩 《极地研究》2010,22(3):313-320

试验选用一株高产低温蛋白酶的南极细菌菌株Pseudoalteromonas sp. AN64,从溶解氧、化学需氧量、氨氮、亚硝态氮、pH值5个方面研究了南极细菌对养殖水体的影响。结果显示,随着饲料中蛋白质的散失,水体中蛋白质的含量在第7天达到高峰,溶解氧下降,化学需氧量持续上升,在第11天达最大值9.88 mg/L,并且维持在较高的水平。缺氧条件下,有害物质氨氮和亚硝态氮含量逐渐增加,在第9天和第11天分别达最大值0.65 mg/L和0.352 mg/L,而pH值持续下降,在第9天达最低值5.95。当水体中加入高产蛋白酶的南极菌株AN64后,蛋白质含量在第5天即达高峰,溶解氧无明显变化,化学需氧量在第7天达最高峰,比对照组提前4天,但含量仅约为后者的一半。同时,氨氮和亚硝态氮含量远低于对照组,分别仅为对照的47.7 %和26.5 %,而pH值有小幅下降,维持在6.85到7.52之间。由此可以看出,南极菌株产生的低温蛋白酶可以有效分解海水中的蛋白质,降低水体中的氨氮和亚硝态氮等有害物质,维持pH值的稳定性,为健康养殖提供了有效途径。  相似文献   

沙漠公路风蚀破坏规律的数值模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李驰  高瑜  黄浩 《岩土力学》2011,32(Z1):642-0647

通过Fluent软件对沙漠公路的风蚀破坏规律进行数值模拟研究。分析公路不同横断面时风沙流扰动、增速、减速、恢复的过程,确定路基(堑)高度、边坡坡率和路面宽度等公路断面设计参数对风沙流扰动的影响,提出沙漠公路路基(堑)风蚀破坏规律。结果表明：路面宽度的改变对路基沿程风速变化影响较小,各特征点处风速变化小于5%。路基(堑)高度和边坡坡率对风沙流扰动的影响较大。随路基(堑)高度增加,风沙流流场的扰动被增强,路基(堑)风蚀破坏越显著,当边坡坡率为1:1时,路基模型高度250 mm时的迎风路肩风速为模型高度60 mm时的 1.15倍,其背风坡脚风速降低45%;路堑模型高度250 mm时的背风堑顶风速为模型高度60 mm时的1.05倍,迎风堑脚处风速降低高达80%。建议沙漠公路宜采用中低路基(堑),不宜高填深挖。当路基(堑)高度一定,边坡坡率为1:1.75或1:2时,路基(堑)沿程风速变化平缓,沙漠路肩不易被吹蚀破坏;路堑中堑脚位置处不易出现堆积。其结论与室内风蚀风洞试验结果有很好的一致性  相似文献   

沙漠公路风沙土路基风蚀破坏试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李驰  高瑜 《岩土力学》2011,32(1):33-38

以沙漠公路风沙土路基为研究对象,通过室内风蚀风洞试验研究路基的风蚀破坏规律,以及路基不同断面对风沙流运动的影响。以路基高度、路基边坡坡率和路基宽度作为路基断面主要设计参数,研究不同路基断面下风沙流扰动、增速、减速、恢复的过程,以及路基周围风速流场的变化特征,分析路基病害较未病害时路基周围流场的变化。试验结果表明：路基高度和边坡坡率对风沙流运动的影响较大。随路基高度增加,路基对风沙流流场扰动增强,迎风坡坡顶处吹蚀破坏和背风坡坡底处堆蚀破坏越显著,在确定的路基边坡坡率下,路基模型高度为250 mm较模型高度为60 mm时,迎风坡坡顶风速增加1.13倍,背风坡坡底风速减小2.53倍,建议沙漠公路路基高度宜小于2.5 m。进一步,在确定的路基高度下,比较不同的边坡坡率对路基沿程风速的影响,发现当路基边坡坡率为1:1.75时,路基沿程风速变化不明显,沙漠公路风沙土路基不宜被风蚀破坏。  相似文献