基于MODIS数据的2002～2006年中国陆地NPP分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王李娟  牛铮  旷达 《国土资源遥感》2010,(4)

对2002～2006年MODIS数据进行处理,统计得出5 a间全国年均陆地植被净初级生产力(NPP)为1.5 PgC;5 a全国NPP组成分析显示,NPP绝大部分集中在0～300 gC/m2区间,所占比例约为70%～85%;全国大部分地区年NPP呈现出减少的趋势,受城市扩张、新增工业用地等人类活动影响显著。  相似文献   

多波束测深表层声速误差的动态影响及改正方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵君毅  阳凡林  刘智敏  李真  赵相伟 《测绘科学》2010,35(6):23-25

表层声速不准确会对多波束测深波束的归位产生影响,对于平面换能器阵,使波束角产生偏差,从而影响波束最终位置,但Snell常数保持不变;对于曲面换能器阵,虽然波束未束控不产生波束角偏差,但Snell常数发生改变,会使波束在传播过程中出现折射误差,对深水环境测量不利。对于表层声速误差带来的水深误差,外部波束比内部波束受到的影响更严重。当表层声速无法实时准确获取时,根据内外部波束对水深的影响大小识别表层声速误差的存在,通过逐步调整表层声速值,计算波束指向角差值,再重新进行声线跟踪,计算改正后的波束位置,消除其带来的水深的影响,完成表层声速误差的改正。文中用实测数据进行了验证,对多波束测深数据质量的改善有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

Identification and stage classification of Precambrian rifts in the Tarim craton,northwestern China     

Chunfang Zheng  Guiting Hou 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(22):720

The study of Precambrian rifts, such as those found in the Tarim craton, is of great interest in the field of deep petroleum exploration as the source rocks of the rifts are depositional deep lacustrine facies. In this study, two buried rifts (Manjiaer and Wushi rifts) that may exist in the Tarim craton are identified based on the seismic profiles. Through the analysis of the outcrops and stratigraphic columns of the identified rifts, two types of rifts are classified and their evolution is divided into different stages. The evolution of the Manjiaer rift, which experiences frequent volcanic activity, can be roughly divided into three rift periods. Meanwhile, the evolution of the Wushi rift can be simply divided into two rift periods during the Nanhuan–Sinian period. A noticeably stronger activity of the Manjiaer rift in comparison with that of the Wushi rift was noted. The paleogeography of the Proterozoic Tarim craton was also reconstructed, and the prospect for deep petroleum exploration in the Tarim craton is proposed.  相似文献   

《古地理学报》的立体办刊模式          下载免费PDF全文

李新坡  张西娟  郑秀娟 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1233-1234

网络技术为科技期刊的发展提供了动力和渠道,促进了《古地理学报》办刊模式的转变。通过建立独立网站、为读者提供多样化的文章获取渠道、多样化的沟通方式、个性化的文章精准推送、加入OSID开放科学计划等,逐步形成了适应期刊发展的立体办刊模式。  相似文献   

松辽盆地北部上二叠统林西组地球化学特征及地质意义     

张健  张海华  陈树旺  郑月娟  张德军  苏飞  黄欣 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(2):518-530

为探讨松辽盆地北部林西组地球化学特征、沉积环境及构造背景,对该区黑富地1井所钻遇的上二叠统林西组暗色泥质板岩进行主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素测试分析,结果表明：样品主量元素平均质量分数SiO₂为65.05%、Al₂O₃为17.23%、CaO为2.58%、Na₂O为2.84%、K₂O为3.29%,K₂O/Na₂O值为0.20~3.48,A1₂O₃/（CaO+Na₂O）值为0.41~8.01;稀土元素w（∑REE）值介于80.68×10^-6~215.59×10^-6之间,平均值为173.41×10^-6,δEu值介于0.61~0.88之间,平均值为0.70,表现为Eu的负异常,δCe值介于0.91×10^-6~1.01×10^-6之间,为微弱的Ce负异常,LREE富集,HREE亏损;微量元素以亏损Nb、Ta、Sr,相对富集Rb、Ba、La、Ce、Pb、Nd、Sm为特征。样品元素分析和物源w（TiO₂）-w（Ni）、La/Th-w（Hf）等判别图解表明,林西组沉积物源具有多样性,主要来源于上地壳长英质物源,还有少量来自中、基性岩火成岩物源区。样品微量元素标准化蛛网图,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图,K₂O/Na₂O-w（SiO₂）、Th-Co-Zr/10、F₂-F₁构造背景判别图及地球化学参数对比结果表明,松辽盆地北部林西组物源构造背景主要为活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧,可能形成于靠近大陆岛弧的活动大陆边缘构造背景。林西组应形成于海陆过渡相到陆相环境,水体由半咸水逐渐转变为淡水。  相似文献   

Amplification of SH waves by an orthotropic basin     

Tao Zheng  Marijan Dravinski 《地震工程与结构动力学》1998,27(3):243-257

Scattering of elastic waves by an orthotropic sedimentary basin is investigated for antiplane strain model using an indirect boundary integral equation approach. Both steady state and transient response were obtained for semicircular and semielliptical basins with different material properties. The results indicate that the basin geometry and the impedance contrast between the half-space and the basin have similar effects on the surface ground motion amplification as for the isotropic case. However, the material anisotropy may change significantly the fundamental resonant frequencies of the basin, resulting in different surface displacement amplification patterns. In addition, it was observed that the arrival time of the main disturbance on the surface strongly depends on material anisotropy for different angles of incidence. The results demonstrate that material anisotropy may be very important in explaining surface ground motion amplification for sedimentary basins. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

金华地区地下水同位素特征及更新能力研究     

雷明  张水军  珠正  库汉鹏  董贤哲  章泽军 《水文》2019,39(6):59-63

金华地区位于金衢盆地东段,对其地下水同位素特征及更新能力研究对于整个盆地地下水资源研究具有重要意义,通过分析研究区内稳定同位素氘(D)和氧(~(18)O)以及放射性同位素氚(~3H)和碳(~(14)C)的空间分布特征,建立了金华地区降水线方程为:δD=8.29δ~(18)O+15.9,讨论了地表水、潜水、红层地下水的环境同位素的组成特征,对潜水及红层地下水的更新能力进行了评价。结果表明,金华地区降水线方程斜率及截距均大于全球大气降水;潜水、红层地下水及地表水三者联系密切;潜水、红层地下水在接受降水的补给后经历了不同程度的蒸发作用;红层地下水D和~(18)O同位素明显向下游富集;潜水~3H值介于6.6～19.0TU,~(14)C年龄显示为现代水,因此其可更新能力较强,红层地下水放射性~(14)C年龄为3020～5360BP,可更新能力较弱,红层地下水3H值介于4.4～12.3TU,表明红层地下水中有现代水的混入,δ~(18)O随着地下水的年龄的增加而偏负。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖洲滩湿地植物演替对土壤微生物量的影响     

温秀婷  郑博福  陈晨晨  龚磊强  詹慧英  余定坤  朱致睿  沈瑞昌 《湖泊科学》2024,36(3):881-889

湿地植物演替对土壤微生物量具有显著影响,但不同土壤理化环境下的植物演替对湿地土壤微生物量影响的具体差异还不清楚。以鄱阳湖土壤理化性质不同的4个碟形子湖(包括相对肥沃的东湖和白沙湖以及相对贫瘠的蚌湖和大湖池)为研究对象,运用空间代替时间的方法,在泥滩带、湿生植被带(苔草)和挺水植被带(南荻或芦苇)采集0～10 cm表层土壤,分析不同土壤理化性质条件下植物群落演替对土壤微生物量的影响。采用土壤微生物量碳(MBC)和微生物熵(qMB)指示土壤微生物量。蚌湖、大湖池、东湖和白沙湖洲滩湿地表层土壤MBC的平均值分别为1077.27、888.29、942.45和1162.46 mg/kg,土壤qMB的平均值分别为6.07%、6.17%、3.60%和3.79%。在泥滩—苔草—南荻植物演替洲滩,土壤MBC先增加后减少;但是在泥滩—苔草—芦苇植物演替洲滩,土壤MBC持续增加。植物演替没有显著改变土壤qMB。尽管植物的生长会增加所有洲滩湿地的土壤MBC,但增加的幅度在相对贫瘠的蚌湖和大湖池明显强于相对肥沃的东湖和白沙湖。蚌湖和大湖池的土壤qMB也显著高于东湖和白沙湖。在植被演替梯度上,洲滩湿地土壤MBC和...  相似文献   

基于Sentinel-2A和GF-1B遥感数据的海岸带水产养殖识别方法比较          下载免费PDF全文

董迪  王跃  魏征  曾纪胜 《应用海洋学学报》2024,43(1):064-074

近海水产养殖为人类提供优质的动物蛋白,对海洋经济高质量发展具有重要意义。卫星遥感技术已被广泛用于海岸带水产养殖的监测,但目前相关的研究聚焦基于单一传感器卫星数据并使用单一信息提取算法而忽略与不同卫星传感器以及处理方法之间的比较。本研究以北莉岛东北部为研究区,基于多光谱Sentinel 2A卫星和高分一号B（GF 1B）卫星数据,分别使用自适应阈值法、支持向量机监督分类法以及多尺度分割面向对象分类法,开展海岸带人工水产养殖区的识别。研究表明,更高空间分辨率的GF 1B卫星对人工水产养殖水网密集区的提取正确率远优于Sentinel 2A卫星;基于高空间分辨率GF 1B卫星,多尺度分割面向对象分类法的正确率最高,为94.65%,优于支持向量机监督分类法的94.45%和自适应阈值法的84.62%;自适应阈值法更适用于中等空间分辨率卫星数据的水产养殖信息提取,其提取的水产养殖水面的面积与目视解译提取的面积差异小于4%。针对单个养殖池使用情况的业务化监测需使用高空间分辨率卫星数据,而大范围水产养殖面积的变化分析则可应用中等空间分辨率卫星数据。  相似文献   

The role of salinity in fluvio-deltaic morphodynamics: A long-term modelling study     

Zeng Zhou  Luying Chen  Jianfeng Tao  Zheng Gong  Leicheng Guo  Mick van der Wegen  Ian Townend  Changkuan Zhang 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(3):590-604

Salinity difference between terrestrial river discharge and oceanic tidal water plays a role in modifying the local flow field and, as a consequence, estuarine morphodynamics. Although widely recognized, recent numerical studies exploring the long-term morphological evolution of river-influenced estuaries with two-dimensional, depth-averaged models have mostly neglected salinity. Using a three-dimensional morphodynamic model, we aim to gain more insight into the effect of salinity on the morphodynamics of fluvio-deltaic systems. Model results indicate that the resultant estuarine morphology established after 600 years differs remarkably when a salinity gradient is included. A fan-shaped river-mouth delta exhibits less seaward expansion and is cut through by narrower channels when salinity is included. The inclusion of salinity tends to generate estuarine circulation, which favours landward sediment transport and hence limits the growth of the delta while enhancing the development of intertidal areas. The formation of deltaic channel–shoal patterns resulting from morphodynamic evolution tends to strengthen salinity stratification, which is characterized by an increased gradient Richardson number. The direction of the depth-averaged residual sediment transport over a tide may be opposite to the direction of residual velocity, indicating the significant influence of baroclinic effects on the net sediment transport direction (and hence morphological change). The effect of salinity on morphological evolution becomes less profound when the strength of tidal or fluvial forcing is dominant over the other. The effects of sediment type and flocculation, which are particularly important when salinity gradients are present, are also discussed. Overall, this study highlights that neglecting salinity to simulate long-term estuarine morphodynamics requires more careful justification, particularly when the environment is characterized by fine sediment types (favouring suspended transport), and relatively large river discharge and estuarine depth (favouring baroclinic effects). © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献