长江口外海域沉积物中有机物的来源及分布   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

高建华  汪亚平  潘少明  张瑞  李军  白风龙 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(1):46-58

The spatial distribution patterns of total organic carbon and total nitrogen show significant correlations with currents of the East China Sea Shelf. Corresponding to distributions of these currents, the study area could be divided into four different parts. Total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and organic carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in sediments show linear correlations with mean grain size, respectively, thus ＂grain size effect＂ is an important factor that influences their distributions. C/N ratios can reflect source information of organic matter to a certain degree. In contrast, nitrogen stable isotope shows different spatial distribution patterns with C/N and organic carbon stable isotope, according to their relationships and regional distributions. The highest contribution （up to 50%） of terrestrial organic carbon appears near the Changjiang Estuary with isolines projecting towards northeast, indicating the influence of the Changjiang dilution water. Terrestrial particulate organic matter suffers from effects of diagenesis, benthos and incessant inputting of dead organic matter of plankton, after depositing in seabed. Therefore, the contribution of terrestrial organic carbon to particulate organic matter is obviously greater than that to organic matter in sediments in the same place.  相似文献   

海南岛海岸带风险性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪亚平  史本伟  张亮  贾建军  夏小明  周亮  于睿  杨旸  高建华 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(4):114-120

对海岸线变化和脆弱性的了解对地方政府部门非常重要,拥有这方面的知识将有助于进行沿海地区的管理和开发。为了研究海南岛的海岸变化特征及其脆弱性,近年来我们采集了大的沉积物样品,并结合海图和遥感卫片分析海岸线变化特征。海南四大城市（海口,文昌,三亚和长江）虽然没有显著的侵蚀特征（海岸线处于相对稳定状态）,通过脆弱性评价发现其均为中等脆弱性,主要是由于大量人口对海岸造成的压力所致。因此,本文提出的基于包括人为-自然因素的海岸脆弱性评价方法,具有制定海岸带管理和适应性策略的运用潜力。  相似文献   

基于浮标观测的长江口外海流特征分析     

李鹏  史本伟  汪亚平  秦渭华  李延刚  陈健 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(4):13-20

为了揭示长江口外海域海流的特征及其季节和垂向变化规律,于2006年8月1日-2007年7月31日在长江口外海域（平均水深约46.0m）利用大型浮标进行了1年的分层海流流速流向观测。结果表明：（1）该海域海流为顺时针方向的旋转流,在垂向上流向较一致,季节变化不显著。（2）长江口外海域水平流速总体较大,夏季表层最大流速为128.5cm/s,冬季最大表层流速为105.5cm/s;垂线平均流速相近（差异<8.0 cm/s）,夏季流速最大为47.0cm/s,冬季为40.8cm/s。小潮的平均流速为26.5cm/s,大潮平均流速为小潮的2倍。（3）剖面各层流速垂向差异明显,最大流速出现在表层（春季和冬季）或次表层（夏季和秋季）,最小流速均出现在底层;各层的最大平均流速为57.9cm/s,出现在夏季的18m层。（4）垂线平均余流为7.5~11.3 cm/s,春季最强冬季最弱;春季和冬季各层余流均为东向,夏季和秋季基本为东北向或北向。（5）观测海域海流受长江冲淡水、台湾暖流、季风、潮汐等动力作用的共同制约。  相似文献   

潮滩围垦对沉积物重金属的影响初探——以江苏为例     

杨磊  李明亮  金洋  龚绪龙  汪亚平  高建华 《海洋通报》2017,36(1):82-90

根据围垦前后的江苏条子泥潮滩沉积物重金属数据,获取重金属背景值,分析重金属含量与分布的变化特征,探讨围垦对重金属的影响机制,运用潜在生态风险指数法评价重金属生态风险变化。结果表明,重金属Cr、Ni、Pb的平均含量降低7.2%~15.2%,Cu、Zn、As、Cd的平均含量升高2.7%~23.6%,重金属空间分布的异质性增强;围垦改变堤外潮滩水动力与沉积物分布格局,离岸越远,重金属含量的变化越不明显;受植被类型、土地利用方式的影响,互花米草滩重金属含量变化率明显高于盐蒿滩,用作水产养殖的潮滩重金属含量普遍降低,用作农业种植的潮滩重金属含量普遍升高;潮滩沉积物总体质量优良,重金属总潜在生态风险指数平均值和最大值分别升高6.5%和23.8%,仍处于低生态风险程度。  相似文献   

地统计法在粒径趋势分析中的应用:以北部湾东部为例(英文)   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

马菲  汪亚平  李炎  叶长江  徐志伟  张凡 《地理学报(英文版)》2010,20(1):77-90

There are 71 surface sediment samples collected from the eastern Beibu Gulf. The moment parameters (i.e. mean size, sorting and skewness) were obtained after applying grain size analysis. The geostatistical analysis was then applied to study the spatial autocorrelation for these parameters; while range, a parameter in the semivariogram that meters the scale of spatial autocorrelation, was estimated. The results indicated that the range for sorting coefficient was physically meaningful. The trend vectors calculated from grain size trend analysis model were consistent with the annual ocean circulation patterns and sediment transport rates according to previous studies. Therefore the range derived from the semivariogram of mean size can be used as the characteristic distance in the grain size trend analysis, which may remove the bias caused by the traditional way of basing on experiences or testing methods to get the characteristic distance. Hence the results from geostatistical analysis can also offer useful information for the determination of sediment sampling density in the future field work.  相似文献   

江苏王港潮间带表层沉积物特征及输运趋势   总被引：20，自引：1，他引：19  

王爱军  汪亚平  杨旸 《沉积学报》2004,22(1):124-129

潮滩沉积物粒度参数可以用来反映沉积物沉积的水动力条件和沉积环境。根据对江苏王港潮间带采集的15 4个表层样品的粒度资料进行分析,结果表明,沉积物类型以粉砂为主;随着水动力环境由海向陆的减弱,沉积物粒度参数表现出有规律的变化趋势,即由岸向海粒径具有粗化趋势,分选变好,逐渐正偏并达到近对称。研究区与世界其他地区的潮滩在沉积特征上有较大差异,主要是由于沉积物来源、水动力环境及受生物作用的强弱程度不同所致。沉积物输运趋势分析显示,该地区沉积物输运主要受当地潮波特征、大型人工建筑物、地貌形态及生物作用的影响;在低潮线附近主要向西北方向输运,随着向陆地方向的延伸,沉积物由向西输运逐渐转变为向南输运。  相似文献   

东海南部海域夏秋季沿岸流特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李鹏  史本伟  李延刚  王思荐  吕忻  汪亚平  田清 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(3):1-11

Current characteristics and vertical variations during summer and autumn in the southern East China Sea were investigated by measuring current profile, tide, wind, and wave data for 90 d from July 28 to October 25, 2015. Our results are:(1) The current was mainly a(clockwise) rotating flow, displaying reciprocating flow characteristics,and vertically the current directions were the same throughout the vertical profile.(2) The horizontal current speed was strongest during August(summer) with an average speed of 51.8 cm/s. The average current speeds during spring tides were highest in August and weakest in September, with speeds of 59.9 and 42.8 cm/s,respectively.(3) Considerable differences exist in average current speeds in different layers and seasons. The highest average current speeds were found in the middle–upper layers in August and in the middle–lower layers in September and October.(4) The residual current speed was highest in August, when the speed was 12.5–47.1 cm/s,whereas the vertical average current speed was 34.3 cm/s. The depth-averaged residual current speeds in September and October were only 50% of that in August, and the residual current direction gradually rotated in a counter-clockwise direction from the lower to surface layers.(5) Typhoon waves had a significant influence on the currents, and even affected the middle and lower water layers at depths of >70.0 m. Our results showed that the currents are controlled by the dynamic interplay of the Taiwan Warm Current, incursion of the Kuroshio Current onto the continental shelf, and monsoonal changes.  相似文献   

长江口水域悬沙含量时空变化卫星遥感定量研究方法探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李婧  高抒  汪亚平 《海洋学报》2009,31(4):167-175

悬沙含量是反映细颗粒物质在水层中的输运和再悬浮过程的重要指标,对沉积环境和沉积过程的研究有着非常重要的作用,是联系动力作用和地貌演变的纽带[1].细颗粒物质是营养盐、有机物和重金属输送的载体,因此研究细颗粒物质的运移对河口和海洋环境及生态的影响有着重要的意义[2].由于河口地区同时受到河流径流和潮流的影响,径流的水沙输运、潮流和波浪等的动力都对悬浮泥沙含量有影响.河口地区悬沙含量既可以指示沉积物来源、输运量的变化,又可以显示沉积动力作用的变化,这两种影响因素的时间尺度不同,但它们会共同影响悬沙含量的大小和分布.在我国长江等大河每年的水沙输运量十分巨大.  相似文献   

用ADCP进行走航式悬沙浓度测量的初步研究   总被引：32，自引：5，他引：27  

汪亚平  高抒  李坤业 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(6):758-763

用ＤＲ３００型宽幅ＡＤＣＰ在胶洲湾口站进行了走航工断面观测。观测期间悬沙浓度小于４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,悬沙粒度分布曲线具有双峰特征,调查船航速为２￣３ｍ／ｓ。用水样过滤法率定相应的ＡＤＣＰ声学信号,获得池计算悬沙浓度的半经验公式及悬沙浓度剖面分布数据,分析结果即使在悬沙浓度较低,悬沙分选性较差,船速较高等不利于ＡＤＣＰ观测的现场条件下,测量误差与光透式浊度计的误差相当。因此,在走航状态和低悬沙浓度条件下  相似文献   

砂质底质潮汐水道均衡态模拟初探   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

谢东风  高抒  汪亚平 《海洋学报》2006,28(6):86-93

以过程模拟法探讨了发育在砂质堆积体上的潮汐水道的均衡态问题.在潮汐作用为主导、初始状况为平坦海底、底质粒度均一等条件下,利用修正的Bagnold推移质输沙率公式和沉积物连续方程,建立砂质潮汐水道均衡态的一维模型.数值实验结果表明,潮汐水道达到均衡态的时间尺度为10a以上,水道形成的早期冲刷速度较快,随着时间的推移,冲刷减缓.从水道冲刷出来的物质在水道前方形成堆积体.潮汐水道的演变受控于水动力变化和沉积物冲淤的负反馈机制,水道均衡态主要与沉积物粒径、涨落潮流速、历时、流速沿水道轴向分布的组合特征有关.流场特征决定了水道均衡态的形态;在沉积物组分均一的情况下水道均衡深度与潮流流速呈正相关;达到均衡态的时间尺度与沉积物粒径、涨落潮历时、流速的变化以及水道规模有关.沉积物临界起动流速随深度的变化对水道均衡态有较大影响.  相似文献