扇形边界条件下的龙门山壳幔电性结构特征   总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王绪本  罗威  张刚  蔡学林  覃庆炎  罗皓中 《地球物理学报》2013,56(8):2718-2727

沿甘肃碌曲-四川龙门山-重庆合川布设了长周期大地电磁剖面,对龙门山及邻区进行了壳幔电性结构探测,采用更直观合理的扇形边界条件下的反演算法对长周期大地电磁资料进行二维反演.该剖面电性结果揭示了自北西向南东岩石圈深部的若尔盖壳幔高阻块体、松潘壳幔低阻带、龙门山壳幔高阻块体和川中壳幔高阻块体电性结构特征;龙门山逆冲推覆构造带下方的龙门山壳幔高阻体显示为向北西延伸的楔形构造,推断龙门山及松潘-甘孜地块由于受青藏高原东缘和上扬子地块双向挤压,松潘-甘孜地块地壳物质向龙门山逆冲推覆,中下地壳至上地幔向下向南东俯冲,呈现上扬子地块西缘壳幔高阻楔形体插入青藏高原东缘的态势;初步认为上扬子地块西缘深部以松潘壳幔韧性剪切带作为中新生代以来的边界.  相似文献   

GPS基线解算的基本理论与质量控制     

蔡振 《东北测绘》2013,(4):109-111

主要阐述了GPS基线解算的基本理论,分析了基线解算中的质量控制。并利用TBC软件以某市新城区控制网计算为例,在计算过程中对基线质量进行控制,最后对控制点成果进行评价。  相似文献   

北斗与GPS数据质量对比分析     

潘林  蔡昌盛  戴吾蛟  高晓 《全球定位系统》2013,38(2)

利用空旷环境和树林环境下实测北斗和GPS观测数据,从多路径效应、周跳、数据采集率、载噪比这四个方面进行数据质量分析.通过分析发现:在树林环境采集的北斗和GPS数据均要比空旷环境采集的数据质量差,北斗的观测数据质量在树林环境下要好于GPS.  相似文献   

基于WebServices的新农村公共服务平台设计与实现     

卓嵩  蔡国林  黄瑞金  蒋红兵 《测绘科学》2013,38(1):163-165

本文针对新农村公共服务平台在信息交互性方面的需求及WebGIS在此方面的不足,提出基于RIA和WebServices的在线交互空间异构属性数据方法,分析相关空间异构属性数据类型,阐述相应数据模型和自定义WebServices的设计思路和基于该方法的四川省某县新农村公共服务平台主要功能的实现。  相似文献   

基于单差搜索的格拉纳斯双差模糊度固定方法     

史小雨  程鹏飞  蔡艳辉  徐彦田 《测绘科学》2013,38(5):143-145

格拉纳斯(GLONASS)系统采用频分多址技术,差分技术处理双差载波相位观测值时为保持模糊度参数的整数特性,需要加入伪距计算单差模糊度进行辅助求解。为了降低伪距观测误差对双差模糊度快速固定的影响,本文给出了一种GLONASS双差模糊度解算方法:建立检验搜索出最佳的单差模糊度,再固定双差模糊度;并利用实测数据对该方法进行验证,结果证明可以有效地减少伪距误差对双差模糊度解算的影响。  相似文献   

2021年夏季中国气候异常特征及主要气象灾害   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐懿  蔡雯悦  翟建青  王素萍  刘远  陈逸骁  高歌  王国复 《干旱气象》2022,40(2):179-186

  相似文献   

地形追随垂直运动方程在南疆极端暴雨中的诊断分析     

周括  冉令坤  蔡仁  屈涛  陈蕾 《大气科学》2022,46(3):745-761

针对2021年6月15～17日发生在昆仑山脉北坡的南疆极端暴雨过程,本文综合考虑地形对暴雨发生、发展的作用后,利用地形追随坐标控制方程并采用Boussinesq近似推导建立了地形追随坐标的非静力平衡广义垂直运动方程。诊断结果表明,经向气压梯度力耦合经向散度项（项一）、垂直气压梯度力耦合纬向散度项（项二）和非绝热加热经向梯度项（项三）是激发暴雨垂直运动发展演变的三个主要强迫项。项一体现了偏北风逐渐增强,在昆仑山脉的阻挡下导致经向辐合增强,触发了垂直上升运动。经向气流辐合始终是对流活动最主要的强迫过程,其次为纬向气流辐合。在地形追随坐标形式下,经向和垂直气压梯度能够增强项一和项二。对流发展阶段,水汽辐合与非绝热加热过程增强了非绝热加热经向梯度,促进了垂直上升运动发展。在地形的影响下,对流层中高层西风过山气流波动特征明显。重力波活动导致的高层辐散进一步促进了山脉迎风坡对流活动。经向和纬向气流辐合、非绝热加热过程以及重力波活动等多个因素共同造成了此次南疆极端暴雨。  相似文献   

The First Global Carbon Dioxide Flux Map Derived from TanSat Measurements     

Dongxu YANG  Yi LIU  Liang FENG  Jing WANG  Lu YAO  Zhaonan CAI  Sihong ZHU  Naimeng LU  Daren LYU 《大气科学进展》2021,38(9):1433-1443

Space-borne measurements of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations provide global observation constraints for top-down estimates of surface carbon flux.Here,the first estimates of the global distribution of carbon surface fluxes inferred from dry-air CO_2 column (XCO_2) measurements by the Chinese Global Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Scientific Experimental Satellite (Tan Sat) are presented.An ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) data assimilation system coupled with the GEOS-Chem global chemistry transport model is used to optimally fit model simulations with the Tan Sat XCO_2 observations,which were retrieved using the Institute of Atmospheric Physics Carbon dioxide retrieval Algorithm for Satellite remote sensing (IAPCAS).High posterior error reduction (30%–50%) compared with a priori fluxes indicates that assimilating satellite XCO_2 measurements provides highly effective constraints on global carbon flux estimation.Their impacts are also highlighted by significant spatiotemporal shifts in flux patterns over regions critical to the global carbon budget,such as tropical South America and China.An integrated global land carbon net flux of 6.71±0.76 Gt C yr~(-1) over12 months (May 2017–April 2018) is estimated from the Tan Sat XCO_2 data,which is generally consistent with other inversions based on satellite data,such as the JAXA GOSAT and NASA OCO-2 XCO_2 retrievals.However,discrepancies were found in some regional flux estimates,particularly over the Southern Hemisphere,where there may still be uncorrected bias between satellite measurements due to the lack of independent reference observations.The results of this study provide the groundwork for further studies using current or future Tan Sat XCO_2 data together with other surfacebased and space-borne measurements to quantify biosphere–atmosphere carbon exchange.  相似文献   

Characterization of Regional Combustion Efficiency using ΔXCO: ΔXCO₂ Observed by a Portable Fourier-Transform Spectrometer at an Urban Site in Beijing     

Ke CHE  Yi LIU  Zhaonan CAI  Dongxu YANG  Haibo WANG  Denghui JI  Yang YANG  Pucai WANG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(8):1299-1315

Measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, CO₂ (XCO₂) and CO (XCO), were performed throughout 2019 at an urban site in Beijing using a compact Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) EM27/SUN. This data set is used to assess the characteristics of combustion-related CO₂ emissions of urban Beijing by analyzing the correlated daily anomalies of XCO and XCO₂ (e.g., ΔXCO and ΔXCO₂). The EM27/SUN measurements were calibrated to a 125HR-FTS at the Xianghe station by an extra EM27/SUN instrument transferred between two sites. The ratio of ΔXCO over ΔXCO₂ (ΔXCO:ΔXCO₂) is used to estimate the combustion efficiency in the Beijing region. A high correlation coefficient (0.86) between ΔXCO and ΔXCO₂ is observed. The CO:CO₂ emission ratio estimated from inventories is higher than the observed ΔXCO:ΔXCO₂ (10.46 ± 0.11 ppb ppm^?1) by 42.54%–101.15%, indicating an underestimation in combustion efficiency in the inventories. Daily ΔXCO:ΔXCO₂ are influenced by transportation governed by weather conditions, except for days in summer when the correlation is low due to the terrestrial biotic activity. By convolving the column footprint [ppm (μmol m^–2 s^–1)^–1] generated by the Weather Research and Forecasting-X-Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport models (WRF-X-STILT) with two fossil-fuel emission inventories (the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC) and the Peking University (PKU) inventory), the observed enhancements of CO₂ and CO were used to evaluate the regional emissions. The CO₂ emissions appear to be underestimated by 11% and 49% for the MEIC and PKU inventories, respectively, while CO emissions were overestimated by MEIC (30%) and PKU (35%) in the Beijing area.  相似文献   

砾石覆盖紫色土坡耕地水文过程   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

王小燕  李朝霞  蔡崇法 《水科学进展》2012,23(1):38-45

紫色土中砾石分布广泛,地表常为砾石覆盖,砾石覆盖对土壤水文过程有着重要影响。试验小区(2 m×1 m)为坡度23°的坡耕地, 试验降雨强度为(53.9±2.8)mm/h、 (90.8±6.1)mm/h和(134.3±14.9)mm/h, 砾石覆盖度为0%,11%,20%,33%和42%。通过原位人工模拟降雨试验,定量研究了不同降雨强度下砾石覆盖对降雨入渗、地表产流及壤中流产流的影响。结果表明:砾石覆盖对入渗过程影响显著,稳定入渗速率及稳定入渗系数与砾石覆盖度呈正相关关系,3种降雨强度下,稳定入渗系数分别为47.70%~86.59%,30.61%~82.83%、17.76%~77.44%,42%砾石覆盖度小区的稳定入渗速率分别是裸露小区的1.95~4.94倍;地表砾石覆盖延迟地表产流、减少地表径流量,地表产流时间随着砾石覆盖度的提高呈增加趋势,地表径流速率及地表径流系数随砾石覆盖度的增加而降低,相对地表径流系数与地表砾石覆盖度呈指数负相关关系;地表砾石覆盖促进壤中流的发生、增加壤中流量,壤中流产流时间随着砾石覆盖度的增加逐渐缩短,壤中流径流速率及壤中流径流系数随地表砾石覆盖度的增加而提高,相对壤中流径流系数与地表砾石覆盖度呈指数正相关关系。  相似文献