长江口扁担沙动力地貌变化过程研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何钰滢  戴志军  楼亚颖  王杰 《海洋学报》2020,42(5):104-116

河口浅滩不仅为人类提供宝贵湿地资源,而且是调控河势演变的重要因素。研究河口浅滩动力地貌演变规律对航道整治、湿地生态开发及岸堤防护等具有重要价值。本文利用最近150多年的长江口历史海图资料、实测水深与水文泥沙数据,分析长江口南支最大的浅滩—扁担沙动力地貌演变格局及其变化机制。结果表明:(1) 1860?2016年期间,扁担沙反复历经淤积?冲刷?淤积,浅滩由最初水下阴滩发育出露而形成纺锤状沙体,随后演变为细长扁担状,沙尾切滩成爪状沙体,下扁担沙则伴随爪状缝隙被不断填充而淤长;(2)自1954年洪水到目前,扁担沙?2 m、?5 m等深线包络的面积与体积整体上均呈现增长态势,其中面积年均增长率分别为0.88 km2/a和0.81 km2/a,体积年均增长率分别为1.3×106 m3/a和5×106 m3/a;扁担沙浅滩在不同时期冲淤变化不同,其中1998年出现大幅度冲刷,平均冲刷厚度达到1.4 m;(3)扁担沙体积变化和长江入海泥沙的增减无直接联系,但与入海径流量的变化密切相关;(4)白茆沙“南强北弱”的河势、南北港分流工程以及东风西沙水库的建立导致扁担沙向北推移。  相似文献   

雅鲁藏布江曲水-泽当段风沙活动动力条件分析与风沙灾害防治建议   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

马鹏飞  张正偲  论珠群培  高佳佳  戴睿  次旺  潘凯佳 《中国沙漠》2021,41(1):10-18

雅鲁藏布江河流宽谷区是青藏高原风沙活动最为强烈地区之一.本文选择雅鲁藏布江曲水-泽当段为研究区,分析该地区1981-2010年以来的风动力条件变化特征.结果表明:1981年以来年平均风速明显降低,月平均风速2-4月最大.受河流-山地复合系统的影响,风向复杂且具有明显的空间差异性,贡嘎以西风和东风为主,泽当包括西风、南风...  相似文献   

Burial and exhumation of the Hoh Xil Basin,northern Tibetan Plateau: Constraints from detrital (U-Th)/He ages     

Jin-Gen Dai  Matthew Fox  David L. Shuster  Jeremy Hourigan  Xu Han  Ya-Lin Li  Cheng-Shan Wang 《Basin Research》2020,32(5):894-915

The uplift and associated exhumation of the Tibetan Plateau has been widely considered a key control of Cenozoic global cooling. The south-central parts of this plateau experienced rapid exhumation during the Cretaceous–Palaeocene periods. When and how the northern part was exhumed, however, remains controversial. The Hoh Xil Basin (HXB) is the largest late Cretaceous–Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the northern part, and it preserves the archives of the exhumation history. We present detrital apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He data from late Cretaceous–Cenozoic sedimentary rocks of the western and eastern HXB. These data, combined with regional geological constraints and interpreted with inverse and forward model of sediment deposition and burial reheating, suggest that the occurrence of ca. 4–2.7 km and ca. 4–2.3 km of vertical exhumation initiated at ca. 30–25 Ma and 40–35 Ma in the eastern and western HXB respectively. The initial differential exhumation of the eastern HXB and the western HXB might be controlled by the oblique subduction of the Qaidam block beneath the HXB. The initial exhumation timing in the northern Tibetan Plateau is younger than that in the south-central parts. This reveals an episodic exhumation of the Tibetan Plateau compared to models of synchronous Miocene exhumation of the entire plateau and the early Eocene exhumation of the northern Tibetan Plateau shortly after the India–Asia collision. One possible mechanism to account for outward growth is crustal shortening. A simple model of uplift and exhumation would predict a maximum of 0.8 km of surface uplift after upper crustal shortening during 30–27 Ma, which is insufficient to explain the high elevations currently observed. One way to increase elevation without changing exhumation rates and to decouple uplift from upper crustal shortening is through the combined effects of continental subduction, mantle lithosphere removal and magmatic inflation.  相似文献   

Small‐area patch‐merging method accounting for both local constraints and the overall area balance     

Chengming Li  Yong Yin  Zhaoxin Dai  Wei Wu 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(4):1098-1118

Small‐area patch merging is a common operation in land use data generalization. However, existing research on small‐area patch merging has mainly focused on local compatibility measures, which often lead to area imbalances among land use types from a global perspective. To address the shortcomings of previous studies by resolving local and global concerns simultaneously, this article proposes a merging method that considers both local constraints and the overall area balance. First, a local optimization model that considers three constraints—namely, the areas of neighboring patches, the lengths of shared arcs, and semantic similarity—is established. The areas of small patches are first pre‐allocated. Subsequently, in accordance with an area change threshold for individual land use types, land use types with area changes that exceed this threshold are identified. The patches corresponding to these land use types are subjected to iterative adjustments while considering the overall area balance. Based on their area splitting abilities, the split lines for small‐area patches are determined, and small‐area patches are merged. Finally, actual data from Guangdong Province are used for validation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of preserving the local compatibility of patches while balancing the overall area associated with each land use type.  相似文献   

毛乌素沙地布寨淖尔下风向沙化湖滨地表沉积物理化特性   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

洪畅  韩旭娇  戴佳栋  刘连友  张国明 《中国沙漠》2020,40(2):86-93

布寨淖尔湖是鄂尔多斯高原毛乌素沙地腹地的代表性盐湖,其东南部分布着平坦裸露的沙化湖滨\,湖岸沙丘及半固定沙丘,地表均沉积有大量沙物质与粉尘,这些松散富盐物质在风力侵蚀作用下常形成盐碱尘暴,威胁下风向区域的生态环境安全。研究了布寨淖尔湖东南部区域2.5 km范围内地表沉积物的土壤粒度与理化特性,旨在为盐碱尘暴源区的防治与生态治理提供基础科学参考。结果表明:布寨淖尔湖滨裸露地表沉积物以粗砂、中沙和细砂为主;从湖心沿东南方向等距离(0.5 km)采样,距湖心越远,粗砂和细砂含量逐渐减小,极细砂、粉砂和黏土含量逐渐增加,中砂含量无明显变化。地表沉积物含水率、容重随与湖心距离的增加逐渐增加,pH值、全盐量及电导率则呈逐渐减小趋势;沉积物阳离子以Na⁺为主,阴离子以Cl^-为主,其次为SO₄^2-、HCO^-₃。整体看,区内地表碱化较为严重,区域下风向土壤理化特征呈明显有规律变化趋势,湖滨地表土壤有明显风蚀迹象,可能是盐碱尘暴与湖岸沙丘形成的重要物源区。  相似文献   

闽中、闽东渔场扁舵鲣的资源生物学     

卢振彬  颜尤明  戴泉水 《台湾海峡》1992,(3)

本文以1981～1984年4～9月累计18个月在闵中、闵东渔场开展中上层鱼类资源开发性探捕调查的材料,报道了扁舵鲣的生态分布、群体结构和生活史主要特征。鱼群先后于4～7月由南而北进入本渔场,数量分布以5月为多;栖息的最适温、盐度分别为23.5～25.5℃和33～34;渔获群体由0～V龄组成;性成熟的最小年龄为Ⅰ龄,最小叉长271～280mm;生长参数L_∞=484.44mm,W_∞=2050.76g,K=0.5109,t_0=0.3598;瞬时自然死亡率为0.8937,开发比率为0.2138,属于轻度利用的鱼类资源,尚有较大的开发潜力。  相似文献   

海浪预报产品数据库管理系统开发研究     

许富祥  李凤金  刘煜  戴明瑞  高志华  杨春城  李洁  韦锋余 《海洋预报》2003,20(1):44-51

本文介绍海浪预报产品数据库管理系统，包括数据库管理系统的总体设计，硬软件的配置，数据库管理系统的主要内容和解决的关键技术。该数据库管理系统的建成，提供了我国近海和西北太平洋海浪预报的系统性资料，不仅对提高海浪预报准确率提供基础资料，也给海浪中长期预测预报方法研究和区域海洋学研究带来极大帮助。  相似文献   

PS Vir:a short-period solar-like contact binary     

Hui-Yu Yuan  Hai-Feng Dai  Yuan-Gui Yang 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(7)

We present multi-color photometric observations and a one-dimensional spectrum, acquired from March 2016 to May 2017, for the short-period eclipsing binary PS Vir, by using the 2.16-m,85-cm and 60-cm telescopes at Xinglong station, which is administered by National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The spectral type was determined as G2V from the onedimensional spectrum. The photometric solution was reduced from BV Rc light curves. The results imply that PS Vir is a W-subtype contact binary with a mass ratio of q = 0.305(±0.008) and a fill-out factor of f = 14.4(±1.8)%. The orbital period may be undergoing a cyclic oscillation with an amplitude of A = 0.0027(±0.0001) d and a modulated period of 11.7(±0.2) yr, which may result from the light-time effect due to a third body. The lower limit on mass for the assumed component is 0.12 M⊙.Moreover, the more massive component of PS Vir may be a bit more evolved star as determined from the mass-luminosity diagram.  相似文献   

LAMOST CCD camera-control system based on RTS2     

Yuan Tian  Zheng Wang  Jian Li  Zi-Huang Cao  Wei Dai  Shou-Lin Wei  Yong-Heng Zhao 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(5)

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) is the largest existing spectroscopic survey telescope, having 32 scientific charge-coupled-device(CCD) cameras for acquiring spectra. Stability and automation of the camera-control software are essential, but cannot be provided by the existing system. The Remote Telescope System 2 nd Version(RTS2) is an open-source and automatic observatory-control system. However, all previous RTS2 applications were developed for small telescopes. This paper focuses on implementation of an RTS2-based camera-control system for the 32 CCDs of LAMOST. A virtual camera module inherited from the RTS2 camera module is built as a device component working on the RTS2 framework. To improve the controllability and robustness, a virtualized layer is designed using the master-slave software paradigm, and the virtual camera module is mapped to the 32 real cameras of LAMOST. The new system is deployed in the actual environment and experimentally tested. Finally, multiple observations are conducted using this new RTS2-frameworkbased control system. The new camera-control system is found to satisfy the requirements for automatic camera control in LAMOST. This is the first time that RTS2 has been applied to a large telescope, and provides a referential solution for full RTS2 introduction to the LAMOST observatory control system.  相似文献   

Fast adsorption of microcystin-LR by Fe(III)-modified powdered activated carbon     

Dai  Guofei  Gan  Nanqin  Song  Lirong  Fang  Shaowen  Peng  Ningyan 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,36(4):1103-1111

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Microcystins (MCs) are cyclic hepatotoxic peptides produced by the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis and present a public health hazard to humans and...  相似文献