Comparing access for all: disability-induced accessibility disparity in Lisbon     

David S. Vale  Fernando Ascensão  Nuno Raposo  António Pedro Figueiredo 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2017,19(1):43-64

It is well known that individual impairments create disparities in the accessibility of individuals to opportunities, lengthening the distances or time needed to reach them or even completely impeding access. However, the accurate calculation and representation of these disparities remain a major challenge for urban and transportation planners. In this paper, we adopt the concept of accessibility disparity, originally applied to measure place accessibility by different modes of transport, to measure and represent the accessibility of individuals with physical disabilities compared to those without disabilities. We use spatial network analysis to calculate spatial connectivity and the accessibility of Lisbon’s city center, revealing what we define as ‘disability-induced accessibility disparity’. Our results reveal not only the locations responsible for reduced accessibility, i.e., barriers and/or deterrents to movement, but also how much any given disparity reduces the accessibility of an individual, allowing the use of this methodology by planners to identify critical areas and to design inclusive public spaces.  相似文献   

A New Combined Assessment of Mixed Uncertainty in Spatial Models: Conceptualization and Implementation          下载免费PDF全文

J. Fernando Rios  Chris S. Renschler 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(4):661-682

Uncertainty quantification is not often performed in spatial modeling applications, especially when there is a mixture of probabilistic and non‐probabilistic uncertainties. Furthermore, the effect of positional uncertainty is often not assessed, despite its relevance to geographical applications. Although there has been much work in investigating the aforementioned types of uncertainty in isolation, combined approaches have not been much researched. This has resulted in a lack of tools for conducting mixed uncertainty analyses that include positional uncertainty. This research addresses the issue by first presenting a new, flexible, simulation‐oriented conceptualization of positional uncertainty in geographic objects called F‐Objects. F‐Objects accommodates various representations of uncertainty, while remaining conceptually simple. Second, a new Python‐based framework is introduced, termed Wiggly and capable of conducting mixed uncertainty propagation using fuzzy Monte Carlo simulation (FMCS). FMCS combines both traditional Monte Carlo with fuzzy analysis in a so‐called hybrid approach. F‐Objects is implemented within the Wiggly framework, resulting in a tool capable of considering any combination of: (1) probabilistic variables; (2) fuzzy variables; and (3) positional uncertainty of objects (probabilistic/fuzzy). Finally, a realistic GIS‐based groundwater contamination problem demonstrates how F‐Objects and Wiggly can be used to assess the effect of positional uncertainty.  相似文献   

Dinophysoid dinoflagellates from subphotic depths: Amphisolenia sp. aff. brevicauda,Dinofurcula tricornuta sp. nov., and Dinophysis profunda sp. nov. (Dinophysales,Dinophyceae)     

Gómez  Fernando 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2022,40(2):703-711

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Three species of dinophysoid planktonic dinoflagellates are described from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Amphisolenia sp. aff. brevicauda was collected at...  相似文献   

Contraction of Radiating Shell in Classical and Post-NewtonianApproximation     

Fernando Santoro  Roberto Aquilano  David Ibaceta 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1999,268(4):469-474

A semi-numeric method was used to study the evolution of a general-relativistic radiating shell in its Post-Newtonian and Newtonian approximations. The solutions, where the main parameters are given reasonable values, show that a relativistic effect can be found in X-ray-burster-like objects. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Spatial Distribution of Shelf- and Slope-Dwelling Fishes Collected by Bottom Longline off Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, Canary Islands     

Franz  Uiblein  Fernando  Bordes  Ricardo  Castillo Antonio G.  Ramos 《Marine Ecology》1998,19(1):53-66

Abstract. A total of 1789 fish belonging to 38 families and 73 species were collected at depths between 18 and 1102 m during 216 bottom longline operations off Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, between February 1994 and December 1995. For each species the depth distribution is provided. Length-weight and depth-size relationships are reported for three shelf-dwelling species. The bigger-deeper relationship found in two of them contrasts with the bigger-shallower pattern of the deeper living trichiurid Lepidopus caudatus . In November 1997, nine additional bottom longline operations were carried out off eastern Fuerteventura at depths between 805 and 1217 m. In this area, after earlier studies in October 1995, a spawning aggregation of the morid Mora moro was encountered for the second time. The catches of 1997 revealed a strongly male-biased sex ratio. Also, the males showed a significantly lower gonadosomal index than two years earlier. These findings indicate slight interannual variations in reproductive timing and an earlier arrival of male Mora moro at the spawning grounds. Clear variations in the number of fish collected at adjacent sites possibly reflect a preference for distinct microhabitats. Preliminary evidence of local upwelling of cold water above the spawning grounds is provided by satellite imagery.  相似文献   

Phosphorus fractions and sorption dynamics in the sediments of two Ca-SO4 water reservoirs in the central Argentine Andes     

Jos&#; Gabriel Le&#;n  Fernando Luis Pedrozo  Pedro F&#;lix Temporetti 《国际泥沙研究》2017,32(3)

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Instability in spatial error models: an application to the hypothesis of convergence in the European case   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Jesús Mur  Fernando López  Ana Angulo 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2010,12(3):259-280

This paper focuses on the hypothesis of stability in the mechanisms of spatial dependence that are usually employed in spatial econometric models. We propose a specification strategy for which the first step is to solve a local estimation algorithm, called the Zoom estimation. The aim of this stage is to detect problems of heterogeneity in the parameters and to identify the regimes. Then we resort to a battery of formal Lagrange Multipliers to test the assumption of stability in the processes of spatial dependence. The alternative hypothesis consists of the existence of several regimes in these parameters. A small Monte Carlo serves to confirm the behaviour of this strategy in a context of finite size samples. As an illustration, we solve an application to the case of the hypothesis of convergence for the per capita income in the European regions. Our results reveal the existence of a strong Centre-Periphery dichotomy in which instability extends to all the elements (coefficients of regression as well as parameters of spatial dependence) that intervene in a classical conditional β-convergence model.  相似文献   

Reservoir architecture and heterogeneity distribution in floodplain sandstones: Key features in outcrop,core and wireline logs     

Luis Miguel Yeste  Augusto N. Varela  César Viseras  Neil D. Mcdougall  Fernando García-García 《Sedimentology》2020,67(7):3355-3388

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A New Appraisal of Sri Lankan BB Zircon as a Reference Material for LA‐ICP‐MS U‐Pb Geochronology and Lu‐Hf Isotope Tracing          下载免费PDF全文

Maristella M. Santos  Cristiano Lana  Ricardo Scholz  Ian Buick  Mark D. Schmitz  Sandra L. Kamo  Axel Gerdes  Fernando Corfu  Simon Tapster  Penelope Lancaster  Craig D. Storey  Miguel A.S. Basei  Eric Tohver  Ana Alkmim  Herminio Nalini  Klaus Krambrock  Cristiano Fantini  Michael Wiedenbeck 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2017,41(3):335-358

A potential zircon reference material (BB zircon) for laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) U‐Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry is described. A batch of twenty zircon megacrysts (0.5–1.5 cm³) from Sri Lanka was studied. Within‐grain rare earth element (REE) compositions are largely homogeneous, albeit with some variation seen between fractured and homogeneous domains. Excluding fractured cathodoluminescence bright domains, the variation in U content for all analysed crystals ranged from 227 to 368 μg g^?1 and the average Th/U ratios were between 0.20 and 0.47. The Hf isotope composition (0.56–0.84 g/100 g Hf) is homogeneous within and between the grains – mean ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf of 0.281674 ± 0.000018 (2s). The calculated alpha dose of 0.59 × 10¹⁸ g^?1 for a number of BB grains falls within the trend of previously studied, untreated zircon samples from Sri Lanka. Aliquots of the same crystal (analysed by ID‐TIMS in four different laboratories) gave consistent U‐Pb ages with excellent measurement reproducibility (0.1–0.4% RSD). Interlaboratory assessment (by LA‐ICP‐MS) from individual crystals returned results that are within uncertainty equivalent to the TIMS ages. Finally, we report on within‐ and between‐grain homogeneity of the oxygen isotope systematic of four BB crystals (13.16‰ VSMOW).  相似文献   

Supportive elements to the decision-making process in the emergency planning of the Angra dos Reis Nuclear Power Complex,Brazil     

Corbiniano Silva  Luiz Claudio Gomes Pimentel  Luiz Landau  Paulo Fernando Lavalle Heilbron Filho  Fabiana Guimarães Resende Gobbo  Pryscila de Jesus de Sousa 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(3):133

Accidents in nuclear power plants are problems of great complexity, mainly due to their consequences, such as the population evacuation from the enterprise influence area. The decision-making and emergency plans must be well articulated and require good local geographic space knowledge and the interactions of their environments. This study is a contribution to the emergency plans for the Almirante Álvaro Alberto Nuclear Power Plant, currently the only nuclear complex in Brazil, located in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro. The study confirmed the region’s main geoenvironmental aspects as winds and rainfall, landslides and population density were evaluated as important elements in the local emergency process. Their integrated analysis supported scenario identification and critical regional points and highlighted population evacuation escape routes. These important results characterized the support to local emergency management actions and guidelines. Furthermore, the geographic information systems was configured as an integrated spatial and temporal analysis platform to associate meteorological, geological/geomorphological and socio-economic data, playing a key role to support the evacuation planning in the event of nuclear power plant accidents.  相似文献