排序方式： 共有48条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
DJ Karoly JA Cohen GA Meehl JFB Mitchell AH Oort RJ Stouffer RT Wetherald 《Climate Dynamics》1994,10(1-2):97-105
As an example of the technique of fingerprint detection of greenhouse climate change, a multivariate signal or fingerprint of the enhanced greenhouse effect is defined using the zonal mean atmospheric temperature change as a function of height and latitude between equilibrium climate model simulations with control and doubled CO2 concentrations. This signal is compared with observed atmospheric temperature variations over the period 1963 to 1988 from radiosonde-based global analyses. There is a significant increase of this greenhouse signal in the observational data over this period.These results must be treated with caution. Upper air data are available for a short period only, possibly too short to be able to resolve any real greenhouse climate change. The greenhouse fingerprint used in this study may not be unique to the enhanced greenhouse effect and may be due to other forcing mechanisms. However, it is shown that the patterns of atmospheric temperature change associated with uniform global increases of sea surface temperature, with El NinoSouthern Oscillation events and with decreases of stratospheric ozone concentrations individually are different from the greenhouse fingerprint used here. 相似文献
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Martin Bak Hansen Holger Lykke-Andersen Ali Dehghani Dirk Gajewski Christian Hübscher Morten Olesen Klaus Reicherter 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2005,94(5-6):1070-1082
A dense grid of multichannel high-resolution seismic sections from the Bay of Kiel in the western Baltic Sea has been interpreted
in order to reveal the Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological evolution of the northern part of the North German Basin. The overall
geological evolution of the study area can be separated into four distinct periods. During the Triassic and the Early Jurassic,
E–W extension and the deposition of clastic sediments initiated the movement of the underlying Zechstein evaporites. The deposition
ceased during the Middle Jurassic, when the entire area was uplifted as a result of the Mid North Sea Doming. The uplift resulted
in a pronounced erosion of Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic strata. This event is marked by a clear angular unconformity
on all the seismic sections. The region remained an area of non-deposition until the end of the Early Cretaceous, when the
sedimentation resumed in the area. Throughout the Late Cretaceous the sedimentation took place under tectonic quiescence.
Reactivated salt movement is observed at the Cretaceous Cenozoic transition as a result of the change from an extensional
to compressional regional stress field. The vertical salt movement influenced the Cenozoic sedimentation and resulted in thin-skinned
faulting. 相似文献
13.
Adel Asnaashari Amir Ahmad Dehghani Ali Akbar Akhtari Hossein Bonakdari 《Water Resources》2018,45(4):565-577
Channel expansions are common in both natural and artificial open channels. With increasing cross-sectional dimensions in an expansion, the flow decelerates. Due to separation of flow and subsequent eddy formation, a significant head loss is occurred along the transition. This study presents the results of experimental investigations on subcritical flow along the expansive transition of rectangular to trapezoidal channels. Also, a numerical simulation was developed using the finite volume method with Reynolds Stress turbulent model. Water surface profiles and velocity distributions of flow through the transition were measured experimentally and compared with the numerical results. Also, hydraulic efficiency of the transition and coefficient of energy head loss were calculated. The results show that with increasing the upstream Froude number, hydraulic efficiency of the transition and coefficient of energy head loss are decreased and increased, respectively. The results also showed the ability of numerical simulation for simulating the flow separation zones and bed shear stress along the transition for different inlet discharges and inflow Froude numbers. 相似文献
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Zahra B. Ashena Vahid E. Ardestani Antonio G. Camacho Ali Dehghani José Fernández 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(3):52
Due to its geological and economic importance, the Zagros Mountains have been investigated by many researchers during the last decades. Nevertheless, in spite of all the studies conducted on the region, there are still some controversial problems concerning the structure of the Zagros Mountains, including crustal depths, demanding more insights into understanding the crustal constraints of the region. Accordingly, we have conducted a gravity study to determine Moho depth map of the Zagros Mountains region, including its major structural domains from the coastal plain of the Persian Gulf to central Iran. The employed data are the densest and most accurate terrestrial gravity data set observed until now with the precision of 5 μGal and resolution of 5 arc-minute by 5 arc-minute. To image Moho depth variations, gravity inversion software GROWTH2.0 is used, proposing the possibility to model stratified structures by means of a semi-objective exploratory 3D inversion approach. The obtained results reveal the crustal thickness of ~?30–35 km underneath the southwestern most Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt increasing northeastward to 48 km. The maximum Moho depth is estimated ~?62 km below the Zagros Mountains belt along the Main Zagros Thrust. Northeast of the study area, an average crustal thickness of 46 km is computed beneath Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc and central Iran. 相似文献
16.
Hamid Reza Ranjbar Alireza A. Ardalan Hamid Dehghani Mohammad Reza Saradjian 《国际地球制图》2018,33(8):791-809
A spatial index using fuzzy hierarchical analysis (FAHP) is proposed in this study for prioritizing damaged buildings in the allocation of search and rescue operations after the earthquake disaster. The relevant prioritization criteria have been identified through literature review and interviews with 22 relief managers; the relative importance of these criteria and sub criteria has been computed using the FAHP method. The GIS layers equivalent to the selected criteria were prepared and integrated with one another after normalization in the GIS platform. The proposed method to prioritize the damaged buildings was implemented in the city of Varzeghan in the East Azerbaijan province of Iran. The obtained priority map, with five prioritization classes, is presented. Single-parameter sensitivity analysis method identifies the criteria ‘hazardous facilities’, ‘degree of building blockage’ and ‘chance of survival’ as the most effective criteria for prioritizing damaged buildings. 相似文献
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陕南勉略宁地区铜厂闪长岩岩石地球化学及SHRIMP锆石 U-Pb同位素年代学 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
本文对位于陕南勉略宁地区铜厂铜矿区与铜成矿作用有关的闪长岩进行了系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究,讨论铜厂岩体的岩石成因、成岩物质来源及其地质意义和与铜厂铜矿床的关系.研究结果表明,铜厂闪长岩属于钙碱性-低钾岩系列岩石,以富大离子亲石元素和贫高场强元素为特征,其稀土配分模式为具Eu负异常和Ce异常不明显的轻稀土富集型,与碧口群海相火山岩具有一定相似性和继承性.闪长岩主要来源于壳源或曾受到地壳物质的强烈混染,并没有经历过显著的结晶分异演化,且与铜成矿有密切的关系,为该区主要成矿物质来源之一.岩体形成的大地构造背景属于碰撞隆起-岛弧火山,成矿作用晚于岩体侵入.铜厂闪长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年龄为842±6.5Ma,早于秦岭造山带的主造山期.该区晋宁期俯冲-挤压造山作用,形成了碧口岩群岛弧火山岩系,铜厂闪长岩可能属于地层.碧口群细碧角斑岩末期火山侵入杂岩,由碧口群火山岩的局部熔融作用形成,其轻稀土的相对富集可能与岩体继承源岩的稀土特征有关. 相似文献
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Majid Dehghani Bahram Saghafian Firoozeh Rivaz Ahmad Khodadadi 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2015,29(3):861-874
In this research, a dynamic linear spatio-temporal model (DLSTM) was developed and evaluated for monthly streamflow forecasting. For parameter estimation, coupled expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm and Kalman filter was adopted. This combination enables the model to estimate the state vector and parameters concurrently. Different forecast scenarios including various combinations of upstream stations were considered for downstream station streamflow forecasting. Several statistical criteria, nonparametric and visual tests were used for model evaluation. Results indicated that the spatio-temporal model performed acceptably in almost all scenarios. The dynamic model was able to capitalize on coupled spatial and temporal information provided that there is spatial connectivity in the studied hydrometric stations network. Moreover, threshold level method was used for model evaluation in drought and wet periods. Results indicated that, in validation phase, the model was able to forecast the drought duration and volume deficit/over threshold, although volume deficit/over threshold could not be accurately simulated. 相似文献
20.
Grevemeyer Ingo Weigel Wilfried Dehghani G. Ali Whitmarsh Robert B. Avedik Felix 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1997,19(1):1-23
Two seismic refraction and gravity lines were obtained along and normal to the axis of the Aegir Rift, an extinct spreading centre in the Norway Basin. Velocity-depth solutions and crustal structure models are derived from ocean-bottom records using two-dimensional ray tracing and synthetic seismogram modelling techniques. Gravity data are used to generate models consistent with the lateral variations in thickness of the layers in the crustal models. The resulting models require considerable degree of lateral inhomogeneity along and perpendicular to the rift axis. Crust within the extinct spreading centre is found to be thinner and of low P-wave velocity when compared with the crust sampled off-axis. To explain reduced velocities of the lower crust we suggest that, due to the relationship between fracturing and seismic velocity, the decreasing spreading rate leading up to extinction let the mechanically strong layer thicken, so that faulting and fracturing extended to greater depths . Low velocities are also observed in the uppermost mantle underlying the extinct spreading ridge. This zone is attributed to hydrothermal alteration of upper mantle peridotites. Furthermore, after spreading ceased 32-26 my ago, ongoing passive hydrothermal circulation was accompanied by the precipitation of alteration products in open void spaces, thereby decreasing the porosity and increasing the velocity. Consequently the typical low velocities of layer 2 found at active mid-ocean ridges have been replaced by values typical of mature oceanic crust. 相似文献