Climate change outlook for water resources management in a semiarid river basin: the effect of the environmental water demand     

Parisa Sarzaeim  Omid Bozorg-Haddad  Elahe Fallah-Mehdipour  Hugo A. Loáiciga 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(14):498

Iran is a developing country with arid and semiarid regions. Poor management of water resources combined with the effects of climate change is leading to the drying of several rivers and wetlands. Several planned water development projects, primarily for agricultural expansion, will be implemented in the coming years which could worsen impacts on vulnerable aquatic ecosystems. Proper water resources management is essential to meet present and future residential, environmental, industrial, and agricultural demands in semiarid regions. This paper presents projections of how the availability of water resources will change in the Karkheh river basin of Iran for the period 2010–2059 employing sustainability criteria in the form of time-based reliability, volumetric reliability, resiliency, and vulnerability. This paper’s results show that consideration of environmental receptors as a stakeholder of water use places limitations on agricultural development within the Karkheh river basin.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Flare-Shaped Acoustic Anomalies in the Water Column Along the Ecuadorian Margin: Relationship with Active Tectonics and Gas Hydrates     

Francois Michaud  Jean-Noël Proust  Alexandre Dano  Jean-Yves Collot  Grâce Daniella Guiyeligou  María José Hernández Salazar  Gueorgui Ratzov  Carlos Martillo  Hugo Pouderoux  Laure Schenini  Jean-Frederic Lebrun  Glenda Loayza 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2016,173(4):1429-1429

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Paleoflood events recorded by speleothems in caves          下载免费PDF全文

Fernando Gázquez  José María Calaforra  Paolo Forti  Heather Stoll  Bassam Ghaleb  Antonio Delgado‐Huertas 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(10):1345-1353

Speleothems are usually composed of thin layers of calcite (or aragonite). However, cemented detrital materials interlayered between laminae of speleothemic carbonate have been also observed in many caves. Flowstones comprising discontinuous carbonate layers form due to flowing water films, while flood events introduce fluviokarstic sediments in caves that, on occasion, are recorded as clayey layers inside flowstones and stalagmites. This record provides a potential means of understanding the frequency of palaeofloods using cave records. In this work, we investigate the origin of this type of detrital deposit in El Soplao Cave (Northern Spain). The age of the lowest aragonite layer of a flowstone reveals that the earliest flood period occurred before 500 ka, though most of the flowstone formed between 422 +69/‐43 ka and 400 +66/‐42 ka. This suggests that the cave was periodically affected by palaeoflood events that introduced detrital sediments from the surface as a result of occasional extreme rainfall events, especially at around 400 ka. The mineralogical data enable an evolutionary model for this flowstone to be generated based on the alternation of flood events with laminar flows and carbonate layers precipitation that can be extrapolated to other caves in which detrital sediments inside speleothems have been found. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Response reduction factor of irregular RC buildings in Kathmandu valley     

Hemchandra Chaulagain  Hugo Rodrigues  Enrico Spacone  Ramesh Guragain  Radhakrishna Mallik  Humberto Varum 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,13(3):455-470

Most current seismic design includes the nonlinear response of a structure through a response reduction factor(R). This allows the designer to use a linear elastic force-based approach while accounting for nonlinear behavior and deformation limits. In fact, the response reduction factor is used in modern seismic codes to scale down the elastic response of a structure. This study focuses on estimating the actual ‘R' value for engineered design/construction of reinforced concrete(RC) buildings in Kathmandu valley. The ductility and overstrength of representative RC buildings in Kathmandu are investigated. Nonlinear pushover analysis was performed on structural models in order to evaluate the seismic performance of buildings. Twelve representative engineered irregular buildings with a variety of characteristics located in the Kathmandu valley were selected and studied. Furthermore, the effects of overstrength on the ductility factor, beam column capacity ratio on the building ductility, and load path on the response reduction factor, are examined. Finally, the results are further analyzed and compared with different structural parameters of the buildings.  相似文献   

Performance of masonry enclosure walls: lessons learned from recent earthquakes   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Romeu Silva Vicente  Hugo Rodrigues  Humberto Varum  Aníbal Costa  Jos António Raimundo Mendes da Silva 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2012,11(1):23-34

This paper discusses the issue of performance requirements and construction criteria for masonry enclosure and infill walls.Vertical building enclosures in European countries are very often constituted by non-load-bearing masonry walls, using horizontally perforated clay bricks.These walls are generally supported and confined by a reinforced concrete frame structure of columns and beams/slabs.Since these walls are commonly considered to be nonstructural elements and their influence on the structural response is ignored,their consideration in the design of structures as well as their connection to the adjacent structural elements is frequently negligent or insufficiently detailed.As a consequence,nonstructural elements,as for wall enclosures,are relatively sensitive to drift and acceleration demands when buildings are subjected to seismic actions. Many international standards and technical documents stress the need for design acceptability criteria for nonstructural elements,however they do not specifically indicate how to prevent collapse and severe cracking,and how to enhance the overall stability in the case of moderate to high seismic loading.Furthermore,a review of appropriate measures to improve enclosure wall performance and both in-plane and out-of-plane integrity under seismic actions is addressed.  相似文献   

Electro‐Oxidation of the Pharmaceutical Furosemide: Kinetics,Mechanism, and By‐Products          下载免费PDF全文

Hugo Olvera‐Vargas  Nihal Oturan  Didier Buisson  Eric D. van Hullebusch  Mehmet A. Oturan 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(11):1455-1463

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Guest editorial: Structural seismic safety assessment     

Carlos Sousa Oliveira  Aníbal Costa  Raimundo Delgado 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2010,8(1):1-3

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Building frequency fluctuations from continuous monitoring of ambient vibrations and their relationship to temperature variations     

Bertrand?GuillierEmail author  Jean-Luc?Chatelain  Hugo?Perfettini  El?Hadi?Oubaiche  Christophe?Voisin  Rabah?Bensalem  Djamel?Machane  Mustapha?Hellel 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2016,14(8):2213-2227

Building frequencies (fundamental and higher modes) are a critical parameter especially in the field of structural health monitoring mainly based on the stability of the structural dynamic parameters of individual building (frequencies, damping and modes shape). One of the most used methods to find out these parameters is based on the use on ambient vibration analysis. In this work, we study the fluctuations over a month period of the fundamental frequencies (transverse and longitudinal) of a 3.5-story RC-building made of 2 identical units connected by a structural joint. Time independent building frequencies is a strong assumption; as illustrated by our experiment showing that over an observation period of a month, building frequencies fluctuate of about 3.5 %. A clear correlation is found between the building frequency fluctuations and temperature variations, with a phase-shift interpreted as the characteristic time of heat diffusion within the walls. This allows: (1) determining the thermal diffusivity of the structure, (2) inferring its relative stiffness variations, and (3) showing that its Young modulus varies linearly with temperature.  相似文献   

Variation of modal parameters of a highway bridge extracted from six earthquake records     

Hugo C. Gomez  Hasan S. Ulusoy  Maria Q. Feng 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(4):565-579

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Chemical and isotopic assessment of surface water–shallow groundwater interaction in the arid Grande river basin,North-Central Chile     

Ricardo Oyarzún  Sandro Zambra  Hugo Maturana  Jorge Oyarzún  Evelyn Aguirre  Nicole Kretschmer 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(12):2193-2204

ABSTRACT

This paper analyses the composition of surface water and shallow groundwater in the Grande River basin, North-Central Chile, using this information to characterize water interactions. Chemical and isotopic data for surface water and groundwater (7 and 6 sampling locations, respectively) were obtained from three sampling campaigns performed in March–April (autumn), August–September (late winter) and December (early summer) 2012. Precipitation samples were also collected. Data was processed using spatial distribution charts, Piper and Stiff diagrams, and multivariate analysis. In general, the results for each method converge on a high degree of connectivity between surface water and shallow groundwater in the study area. Furthermore, approximately a 10% of groundwater contribution to the surface flow discharge was estimated for a particular reach. This multi-method approach was useful for the characterization of surface water–groundwater interactions in the Grande River basin, and may become a suitable and replicable scheme for studies in arid and semi-arid basins facing similar water management challenges.