On the Construction of Bootstrap Confidence Intervals for Estimating the Correlation Between Two Time Series Not Sampled on Identical Time Points     

Trottini  Mario  Vigo  Isabel  Vargas-Alemañy  Juan A.  García-García  David  Fernández  José 《Mathematical Geosciences》2021,53(8):1813-1840

Mathematical Geosciences - Two important issues characterize the design of bootstrap methods to construct confidence intervals for the correlation between two time series sampled (unevenly or...  相似文献   

起算点对GPS网平差与坐标转换质量分析     

刘长星  康惟英  李昊燔  黎娟 《北京测绘》2018,32(2):210-213

起算点对测量数据处理结果的好坏起到决定性作用。起算数据本身质量的好坏与选取方式对数据处理的结果都会产生影响。针对GPS网平差过程中起算点的精度对平差结果的影响与坐标转换过程中起算点位置和个数的选取对坐标转换结果的影响。并以榆阳区小壕兔乡的数据为基础经过实验进行分析探讨。  相似文献   

Hydrochemical Dynamic Characteristics and Evolution of Underground Brine in the Mahai Salt Lake of the Qaidam Basin Qinghai-Tibet Plateau   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HU Shuy  ZHAO Quansheng  WANG Guangcai  ZHANG Jianwei  FENG Juan 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(5):1981-1990

The mineral rock salts present in the Mahai Salt Lake of the Qaidam basin exhibit high solubilities in water. In addition, the multicomponent underground brine exhibits a high salinity and is easily precipitated. In the natural state, brine transport in the brine layer is extremely slow, and the brine is in a relatively stable chemical equilibrium state with the rock salt media. However, during mining, both the seepage and the chemical fields fluctuate significantly, thereby disrupting the equilibrium and leading to variations in the chemical composition and dynamic characteristics of the brine. Therefore, we selected underground brine from the Mahai Salt Lake, collecting a total of 183 brine samples over three stages of mining (i.e., the early stage of underground brine extraction, the initial stage of mining, and the later stage of mining). Using a range of analytical techniques, the chemical dynamics of the underground brine water and its evolution were systematically studied. We found that evaporation and enrichment were the main mechanisms of underground brine evolution in the Mahai Salt Lake, with cation exchange and mineral dissolution/precipitation being key factors in determining the dynamic characteristics and evolution of the brine.  相似文献   

Rock Outcrop and Its Ecological Function in Terrestrial Ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Youxin Shen  Zhimeng Zhao  Shengchun Bi  Gaojuan Zhao  Juan Liu 《地球科学进展》2018,33(4):343-349

Rock Outcrop (ROC) is very common in terrestrial ecosystems, typically in karst. ROCs play both positive and negative effects in ecosystems. They may collect precipitation (including throughfall), wet/dry deposition, host bacteria, fungi, muss and lichen, and even vascular plants. Both plants and their growing matrixes on ROCs differ greatly from their nearby soil patches. Water and organic and inorganic materials received and produced on ROCs is easily redistributed to their nearby soil patches, put strong influence on water and elements process in soil patches, and thus, affect the plants growing on soil surface. However, quantitative study on water and materials received and produced is scarce, nor on the eco-hydrology effect, thus, blocking the explanation of karst ecosystem succession, block the strategy formulation on countermeasures of karst desertification.  相似文献   

地层初始温度及结构对地埋管换热能力影响分析     

李娟  郑佳  于湲  郭艳春 《城市地质》2018,(1):64-68

不同地质条件下,地埋管的换热能力有所不同,热能采集和扩散能力存在差异。为给地埋管地源热泵系统工程提供科学合理的设计依据,本文利用现场热响应测试数据分析了地层初始温度以及地层结构对地埋管换热能力的影响。结果表明:地埋管换热能力与地层初始温度呈较好的线性相关性,地埋管夏季延米换热量随地层初始温度的升高而减少,冬季延米换热量随地层初始温度的升高而增加;不同地层结构,地埋管换热能力有所不同,在富水性相对较好、岩性颗粒粗、地下水径流速度快的区域,地埋管换热效果要优于富水性相对较差、岩性颗粒细、地下水径流速度慢的区域。  相似文献   

Petrology,phase equilibria modelling,noble gas chronology and thermal constraints of the El Pozo L5 meteorite     

Pedro Corona-Chávez  María del Sol Hernández-Bernal  Pietro Vignola  Rufino Lozano-Santacruz  Juan Julio Morales-Contreras  Margarita Reyes-Salas  Jesús Solé-Viñas  José F. Molina 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2018,78(2):248-253

We present the results of physical properties, petrography, bulk chemistry, mineral compositions, phase relations modelling and Noble gases study of the meteorite El Pozo. The petrography and mineral compositions indicate that the meteorite is an L5 chondrite with a low shock stage of S2-S3. Heterogenous weathering was preferentially along shock structures. Thermobarometric calculations indicate thermal equilibrium conditions between 768?°C and 925?°C at ～4 to 6?kb, which are substantially consistent with the petrological metamorphism type 5. A pseudosection phase diagram is relatively consistent with the mineral assemblage observed and PT conditions calculated. Temperature vs. fO₂ diagram shows that plagioclase compositional stability is very sensitive to Tschermack substitution in orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and X_An plagioclase during the high temperature metamorphic process. Based on noble gases He, Ne, Ar and K contents a cosmogenic exposure age CRE of 1.9?Myr was calculated. The ²¹Ne would be totally cosmogenic, with no primordial Ne. The ²¹Ne/²²Ne value (0.97) is higher than solar value. According to the cosmogenic Ne content, we argue that El Pozo chondrite originally had a pre-atmospheric mass of 9–10?kg, which would have been produced by a later collision after the recognized collision of the L-chondrite parent body ～470?Ma ago.  相似文献   

Ancient Forests in European drylands: Holocene palaeoecological record of Mazarrón,south-eastern Spain     

José S. Carrión  Elena Fierro  Milagros Ros  Manuel Munuera  Santiago Fernández  Juan Ochando  Gabriela Amorós  Francisca Navarro  Tomás Rodríguez-Estrella  Saúl Manzano  Penélope González-Sampériz  Ana Moreno 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(4):512-525

This paper presents a new Holocene palaeoecological record from coastal south-eastern Spain, a region characterised by high plant species diversity, varied physiography, high risk of desertification, and a history of human pressure on the landscape that stretches to antiquity. The pollen sequence shows four main vegetation phases: the first characterised by mixed forests of Pinus and evergreen Quercus accompanied by broad-leaved mesophilous trees, and a diversity of Mediterranean scrub; the second phase is characterised by mesophytic decline and expansion of Artemisia; a third, mid-Holocene phase of thermo-mesophytic maxima with prevalence of forested landscapes; and, finally, the progressive opening of the landscape with sparse pines, halo-xerophytic grasslands and sclerophyllous brushwood. The current treeless situation of south-eastern Spain is a relatively recent feature resulting from a dramatic change in the ecological structure of the regional landscapes. This paper stresses the continued vulnerability of these arid systems in the face of a changing climate. This sequence adds to previous palaeobotanical records (pollen and charcoal) and archaeological reports to suggest that deforestation started earlier in low-elevation areas and river basins than in the inland mountains and platforms, a factor that appears in connection to human exploitation of the natural environment.  相似文献   

Earthquake damage assessment for deterministic scenarios in Iquique,Chile     

Paula Aguirre  Jorge Vásquez  Juan Carlos de la Llera  Juan González  Gabriel González 《Natural Hazards》2018,92(3):1433-1461

Risk evaluation and loss analysis is key in foreseeing the impact of disasters caused by natural hazards and may contribute effectively in improving resilience in a community through the pre-evaluation of preparedness and mitigation actions. The pilot study presented herein is for the Chilean city of Iquique, which is located at the core of a seismic gap that extends from south Perú to north Chile, and has strategic geopolitical and economic importance for the country. The region was hit April 1, 2014, by an \(M_\mathrm{w}\) 8.2 earthquake that caused only moderate damage, but seismological evidence suggests that there is still a potential for a much larger event in the region. Therefore, a careful damage assessment study is fundamental to anticipate the possible physical, social, and economic consequences that Iquique may face in the future. In this work, the HAZUS-MH platform was adapted and used to simulate a set of ten plausible physics-based future seismic scenarios with magnitudes ranging from \(M_\mathrm{w}\) 8.40 to \(M_\mathrm{w}\) 8.98, which were proposed based on an analysis of interplate locking and the residual slip potential remaining after the April 1, 2014, earthquake. Successful application of this damage assessment methodology relies on the construction of a comprehensive exposure model that takes into account regional features and a good characterization of the physical vulnerabilities. For Iquique, a large body of public and local data was used to develop a detailed inventory of physical and social assets including an aggregated building count, demographics, and essential facilities. To characterize the response of the built environment to seismic demand, appropriate HAZUS fragility curves were applied, and outcomes were validated against the damage observed in the 2014 earthquake. After satisfactory testing, a deterministic earthquake damage assessment study was carried out for the collection of predictive scenarios aimed to estimate their expected impacts. This analysis provides data for future evaluations of different physical and social mitigation measures for the city.  相似文献   

冻结砂土体积变形影响因素的敏感性分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

高娟  廖孟柯  常丹  白瑞强 《冰川冻土》2018,40(2):346-354

为了分析三轴试验中冻土体积变形影响因素的敏感性,选定包括内因和外因在内的6种影响因素,选用青海省德令哈的砂土按照正交试验方案进行常规三轴试验,并采用灰色关联分析法对试验结果进行分析,给出各影响因素的敏感性排序。结果表明,在选定的6种影响因素中,含水率、加载速率及温度的敏感性超过70%,需重点考虑。在较小含水率条件下,冻结砂土先体缩再体胀,且应力峰值点和应变峰值点所对应的轴向应变基本一致,而在饱和条件下仅发生体积膨胀。加载速率对冻土的影响主要表现为对其力学特性和破坏形态的改变,随着加载速率的增加冻土的体缩量、切线模量和峰值强度增加,但峰值应变却表现为减小趋势,冻结砂土性质趋近脆性。土样温度降低,土颗粒间的黏结力增加,孔隙压力转变为有效应力,从而导致冻结砂土的强度增加、体积膨胀量增加。分析结果可为相关试验及工程优化设计提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

北京云蒙山大水峪韧性剪切带糜棱岩的变形温度     

张慧  王娟  彭涛  范文寿  陈艺超  侯泉林  吴春明 《岩石学报》2018,34(6):1801-1812

横穿北京云蒙山东部的白垩纪大水峪韧性剪切带的云蒙峡剖面中,主体岩石为花岗质-闪长质糜棱岩,普遍发生了脆性-韧性变形。糜棱岩中的残斑为斜长石、钾长石,基质为斜长石、钾长石、石英、角闪石、黑云母。糜棱岩中一类斜长石基质与斜长石残斑化学成分基本相同,是斜长石残斑机械破碎的产物,未经历动态重结晶。另一类斜长石基质的An值明显高于斜长石残斑的An值,表明此类斜长石基质经历了动态重结晶作用。糜棱岩中钾长石基质的Or值略大于钾长石残斑Or值。本文根据糜棱岩中经历动态重结晶的斜长石基质和钾长石基质,采用二长石温度计估算的糜棱岩韧性变形温度条件为450～630℃。发现随着背离云蒙山岩基的方向,自西而东,大水峪糜棱岩带的韧性变形温度条件有明显的递降现象。  相似文献